Introduction

Below discuss the methods of data capturing are in industry, let know what is data
capturing in details

Data capture is the process of collecting structures and unstructured information

electrically and converting it into data reliable by a computer.

According to Fleming Quentin (2005) see data capture as the process of extracting
information from paper or electric documents and converting it into data for key
system.

Understanding data capturing, if you are wondering how data capture works or it
could benefit your business, this quit is for you.

Data capturing process: Data capture allow you to collect information. The idea
behind data capture process is simple. Take for example, a patient filing in a
questionnaire on their first visit. This is the process that create data they will enter
either their name, their address, and other relevant information. Now you have the
information, but can you use it?

Digitalizing this information make it more useful. You can cross-reference it more
easily. It also become more accessible you have been capturing data at least for
some time. You can capture data from paper documents, for example by wing
forms designed to by machine. Using paper document could be used back back
through. Its easier to use data if it’s in a digital format. Some data capture process
allow you to collect information from unstructured letters.

Data capture can help you collect information from data document through there
several methods for capturing the data to complete this task, depending on the type
of document.

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While capturing data, you will identify the document you want to collect
information form.

You will then decide on an appropriate method digitalizing data capture tools and
many organizations find it is more efficient to partner with data entry service
provider.

Having knowing what data capturing is all about the following are some of the best
data capturing method that industry are using to capture data in 2021.

1. Manual data capture: It is used to collect information on a process or

services where automated report are not are available. According to Harold
Kerzner (2003) manual data capture process is human centric techniques of
obtaining and manually inputting information utilizing various medium such
as keyboard, touch display, mic. This approach is labor-intensive, time
consuming, and mistake-prompt, and it is only appropriate for organization
with a small and changeable amount of data. As a result, many business are
increasingly promoting automated capture of information solution to reduce
manual data entry and increase data accuracy.
2. Automated Data Capture: Has progress dramatically from paper to automatic
data capture technologies such as optical character recognition, robotic
process automation and so an modern technology enables the capture of
information to be rapid, accurate and dependable.
Through the use of advance data entry solution to collection from
handwriting document, data forms, invoices, email, quotes, and others
source automated data capture minimize or in some cases eliminate the need
for manual data input. This process is completed with more precision, at a
lower cost and at a faster rate than any human operator. However, automated
data capture solution may not be feasible or cost effective for organizations
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 that do not have a large amount of data to work with or are trying to
minimize expenses.
This approach has a high starting cost due to the initial investment
necessary, such as the acquisition of technology, but as the work proceed, it
is discovered to considerable decrease the operational expenses due to the
minimal labour demands.
3. Optical Character Recognition (OCR): Is a technique that convert scanned or
photograph photographed picture of machine printed characters into
electronic data for processing. It is more commonly used in business to
capture document that are frequently receive in large number since this gives
the highest return on investment. Optical character recognition is one of the
most widely utilize data entry methods and is considered on important part
of the document indexing procedure. It is the process of digitalizing and
recognizing written or typed content, and it is essential in turning printed
into digital text files.
4. Intelligent Character Recognition (ICR): Is the next general technology of
OCR that scanned document with handwriting, text, recognized data from
complicated handwriting styles, and convert into a digital format. Most bank
and other financial institution used ICR technology to ran their business. The
integration of an AL-based self-learning system known as a natural network
provided the power when anew document is imported, it begins learning the
pattern of the script, font size, and style and source it as a reference.
Using intelligent data capture a computer system may learn to recognize
letter base on their shapes. The matching character are translated straight
into machine-reliable form. Human intervention is required transform
unknown or dubious characters into proper ones.

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5. Optical Mark Reacting (OMR): Is the scanning of paper to delete the present
or absent of mark in a predetermine position. It is used to extract data from
document such as form and surveys that have been handwriting. It is the
quellest and most precise data collecting technology. It is also pretty simple
to use. The technology recognized the present of a mark rather than its form.
OMR can input data faster than thirty keyboard clerk operating at the same
time.
6. Barcode and QRcodes: The encrypted information is stored as ID barcode in
barcode technology which is read by a barcode scanner. This is one of the
most recent technology civilize to collect information QRcode are image-
based hypertext link that may be accessed offline. This means that any VRL
may be really encoded into a ORcode, and any webpage can be accessed
instantly as a result of scanning the barcode. They make it easily to gather
information since they can be scanned with a smartphone or other device
they also source a lot of time.
7. Digital forms; They approach allows for data gathering via the web or a
mobile application. It is adoptable and removes the need for paper forms.
8. Intelligent Document Processing (IDP): Is the next generation of
automation, capable capturing extracting and processing data from a wide
range of document format. It employees artificial intelligent (AI)
technologies like as natural language processing (NLP), computer vision
deep learning and machine to classify categorizes, and extract important
information as well as validated the extracted data.
9. Digital Signature: Which are equivalent to wet signature are used to
authorized approval and permission in electronic message or documents.
They are lawful tamper proof and very secure against impersonation.
ANSWER NO 2
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Below are the key components of retail MIS:
1. People
2. Business procedure
3. Data
4. Hardware
5. Software

Below is the retail management information system diagram that show the
process in the form of flowchart

Human

Procedure

Management information system

Data

Software

Hardware

The diagram represent the processes of management information system

(MIS) as a flowchart

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 ANSWER THREE (3)

Introduction

Before giving the major tools and computer package available for project
planning, let know what all is about computer package and project planning.

Computer Package is the collection of hardware and software you need to

have a working system or its several piece of equipment that are sold
together. A computer is refer to as automatic electronic device capable
inputting data, process it an output the result. It can also store and retrieve
information. While project planning is part of project management which
relate to the use of schedule such as gnat chart to plan and subsequently
report process within the project environment. Project planning can be done
manually or by the use of project. It is also a discipline addressing how to
complete a project in a certain time frame, usually with defined stages and
designated resources.

Having knowing what computer packages and project planning is, then the
following are the major tools in computer package available for planning or
project planning

1. Project management software for gnat chart

2. Project software for pert chart (Project evaluation and review technique)
3. Project management software for calendar
4. Project management for timeline
5. Project management for work breakdown structure
6. Project management software for mind map
7. Project management software for house of equality (HOQ)
8. Project management software for network diagram

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 9. Project management software for critical path method
10.Project management software for documentation

Reference

Definition for project planning methodology with “retrieve 24, April 2014

Fleming, Quentin (2005), earned value project management (Third ed). Project
management institute. ISBN 1-930699-89-1

Filicenti, John, Project planning overview, pm Hut (last accessed 8 November,

2009)

Damagun, Y.M (2000) management information system: a system manual

unpublished lecture note