1.

Organization Profile

Bunna International Bank S.C. has joined the Banking industry of Ethiopia following the favorable
economic developments witnessed in the country during the last decade and the incessantly growing
needs for Financial Services.

The Bank has obtained its license from the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) on June 25, 2009 in
accordance with Licensing & Supervision of Banking Business Proclamation No. 592/2008 and the 1960’s
Commercial Code of Ethiopia.

The Bank officially commenced its operation on October 10, 2009 with subscribed & paid up capital of
Birr 308 million and Birr 156 million, respectively. Moreover, the Bank has more than 12,500
shareholders, which makes it one of the strong and public based private Banks in Ethiopia.

2. Organization Structure
3.Method of Data Collection

Interview

4. Components & Activities of Information System

Information System Activities

The major activities of an information system are;

1. Input of Data Resource

Data about business transactions and other events must be captured and prepared for processing
by the input activity. Input typically takes the form of data entry activities such as recording and
editing. End uses typically record data about transactions on some type of physical medium such as
paper form, or enter it directly into a computer system. This usually includes a variety of editing
activities to ensure that they have recorded data correctly. Once entered, data may be transferred
onto a machine-readable medium such as a magnetic disk until needed for processing.

For example, data about sales transactions can be recorded on source documents such as paper
sales order forms. (A source document is the original formal record of a transaction). Alternately,
salespersons can capture sales data using computer keyboards or optical scanning devices; they
are visually prompted to enter data correctly by video displays. This provides them with a more
convenient and efficient user interface, that is, methods of end user input and output with a computer
system. Methods such as optical scanning and displays of menus, prompts, and fill-in-the-blanks
formats make it easier for end users to enter data correctly into an information system.

2. Processing of Data into Information

Data is typically subjected to processing activities such as calculating, comparing, sorting,
classifying, and summarizing. These activities organize, analyze and manipulate data, thus
converting them into information for end users. The quality of any data stored in an information
system must also be maintained by a continual process of correcting and updating activities.

For example, data received about a purchase can be (1) added to a running total of sales results, (2)
compared to a standard to determine eligibility for a sales discount, (3) sorted in numerical order
based on product identification numbers, (4) classified into product categories (such as food and
nonfood items), (5) summarized to provide a sales manager with information about various product
categories, and finally, (6) used to update sales records.

3. Output of Information Products

Information in various forms is transmitted to end-users and made available to them in the output
activity. The goal of information systems is the production of appropriate information products for
end users. Common information products messages, reports, forms, and graphic images, which may
be provided by video displays, audio responses, paper products, and multimedia. For example, a
sales manager may view a video display to check on the performance of a salesperson, accept a
computer-produced voice message by telephone, and receive a printout of monthly sales results.

4. Storage of Data Resource

 Storage is a basic system component of information systems. Storage is the information system
activity in which data and information are retained in an organized manner for later use. For
example, just as written text material is organized into words, sentences, paragraphs, and
documents, stored data is commonly organized into fields, records, files, and database. This
facilitates its later use in processing or its retrieval as output when needed by users of a system.

5. Control of System Performance

An important information system activity is the control of its performance. An information system
should produce feedback about its input, processing, output, and the system is meeting established
performance standards. Then appropriate system activities must be adjusted so that proper
information products are produced for end users.

For example, a manager may discover that subtotals of sales amounts in a sales report do not add
up to total sales. This might mean that data entry or processing procedures need to be corrected.
Then changes would have to be made to ensure that all sales transactions would be properly
captured and processed by a sales information system.

Information Systems Components

Typical Components of Information Systems

While information systems may differ in how they are used within an organization, they
typically contain the following components:

1. Hardware: Computer-based information systems use computer hardware, such as

processors, monitors, keyboard and printers.
2. Software: These are the programs used to organize, process and analyze data.
3. Databases: Information systems work with data, organized into tables and files.
4. Network: Different elements need to be connected to each other, especially if many
different people in an organization use the same information system.
5. Procedures: These describe how specific data are processed and analyzed in order to
get the answers for which the information system is designed.

 Computer hardware

This is the physical technology that works with information. Hardware

can be as small as a smartphone that fits in a pocket or as large as
a supercomputer that fills a building. Hardware also includes
the peripheral devices that work with computers, such as keyboards,
external disk drives, and routers. With the rise of the Internet of
 things, in which anything from home appliances to cars to clothes will
be able to receive and transmit data, sensors that interact with
computers are permeating the human environment.

 Computer software

The hardware needs to know what to do, and that is the role
of software. Software can be divided into two types: system software
and application software. The primary piece of system software is
the operating system, such as Windows or iOS, which manages the
hardware’s operation. Application software is designed for specific
tasks, such as handling a spreadsheet, creating a document, or
designing a Web page.

 Telecommunications

This component connects the hardware together to form a network.

Connections can be through wires, such as Ethernet cables or fibre
optics, or wireless, such as through Wi-Fi. A network can be designed
to tie together computers in a specific area, such as an office or a
school, through a local area network (LAN). If computers are more
dispersed, the network is called a wide area network (WAN).
The Internet itself can be considered a network of networks.

 Databases and data warehouses

This component is where the “material” that the other components

work with resides. A database is a place where data is collected and
from which it can be retrieved by querying it using one or more
specific criteria. A data warehouse contains all of the data in whatever
form that an organization needs. Databases and data warehouses have
assumed even greater importance in information systems with the
emergence of “big data,” a term for the truly massive amounts of data
that can be collected and analyzed.
 Human resources and procedures

The final, and possibly most important, component of information

systems is the human element: the people that are needed to run the
system and the procedures they follow so that the knowledge in the
huge databases and data warehouses can be turned into learning that
can interpret what has happened in the past and guide future action.

2.1. Brief Description of Information System

Information system, an integrated set of components for collecting,

storing, and processing data and for providing information,
knowledge, and digital products. Business firms and other
organizations rely on information systems to carry out and manage
their operations, interact with their customers and suppliers, and
compete in the marketplace. Information systems are used to run
interorganizational supply chains and electronic markets. For
instance, corporations use information systems to process financial
accounts, to manage their human resources, and to reach their
potential customers with online promotions. Many major companies
are built entirely around information systems. These include eBay, a
largely auction marketplace; Amazon, an expanding electronic mall
and provider of cloud computing services; Alibaba, a business-to-
business e-marketplace; and Google, a search engine company that
derives most of its revenue from keyword advertising
on Internet searches. Governments deploy information systems to
provide services cost-effectively to citizens. Digital goods—such
as electronic books, video products, and software—and online services,
such as gaming and social networking, are delivered with information
systems. Individuals rely on information systems, generally Internet-
based, for conducting much of their personal lives: for socializing,
study, shopping, banking, and entertainment.
 1.1. Levels of Management and Decision Structure it Supports

Top-level Management

Responsibilities

The primary role of the executive team, or the top-level managers, is to look at the
organization as a whole and derive broad strategic plans. Company policies, substantial
financial investments, strategic alliances, discussions with the board, stakeholder
management, and other top-level managerial tasks are often high-risk high return
decision-making initiatives in nature. Top-level management roles are therefore often
high stress and high influence roles within the organization.

Middle-Level Management

Middle-Management Functions

Middle managers’ roles may include several tasks depending on their department.
Some of their functions are as follows:

 Designing and implementing effective group work and information systems

 Defining and monitoring group-level performance indicators
 Diagnosing and resolving problems within and among work groups
 Designing and implementing reward systems
 Supporting cooperative behavior
 Reporting performance statistics up the chain of command and, when applicable,
recommending strategic changes

Frontline Management

Responsibilities

Responsibilities of a frontline manager will therefore come in two flavors. The first is the
expertise required to do whatever it is they are managing. If we are talking about an
accounting manager, they must be able to balance the books and understand enough of
everyone’s specific function to fill the gaps. If it is a frontline manager on an automobile
manufacturing facility, the manager should be aware of how to run most of the
machines and how to assess the productivity of different positions (ideally from
experience).

On the managerial side, frontline managers are often tasked with hiring, assessing
performance, providing feedback, delegating functional tasks, identifying gaps,
maximizing efficiency, scheduling, and aligning teams. As the primary point of contact
for most employees, frontline managers must be careful listeners capable of
understanding employee needs, removing blockers, and optimizing performance.
Various levels of management in the firm have differing information requirements for decision support
because of their different job responsibilities and the nature of the decisions made at each level.

 Senior management. Senior management is concerned with general yet timely

information on changes in the industry and society at large that may affect both the
long-term and near-term future of the firm, the firm’s strategic goals, short-term
and future performance, specific bottlenecks and trouble affecting operational
capabilities, and the overall ability of the firm to achieve its objectives.

 Middle management and project teams. Middle management is concerned with

specific, timely information about firm performance, including revenue and cost
reduction targets, and with developing plans and budgets to meet strategic goals
established by senior management. This group needs to make important decisions
about allocating resources, developing short-range plans, and monitoring the
performance of departments, task forces, teams, and special project groups. Often
the work of middle managers is accomplished in teams or small groups of managers
working on a task.

 Operational management and project teams. Operational management monitors

the performance of each subunit of the firm and manages individual employees.
Operational managers are in charge of specific projects and allocate resources within
the project budget, establish schedules, and make personnel decisions. Operational
work may also be accomplished through teams.

 Individual employees. Employees try to fulfill the objectives of managers above

them, following established rules and procedures for their routine activities.
Increasingly, however, employees are granted much broader responsibilities and
decision-making authority based on their own best judgment and information in
corporate systems. Employees may be making decisions about specific vendors,
customers, and other employees. Because employees interact directly with the
public, how well they make their decisions can directly impact the firm’s revenue
streams.

2.2. Software

PRTG Network Monitor

PRTG Network Monitor is an agentless network monitoring software from Paessler AG. It can
monitor and classify system conditions like bandwidth usage or uptime and collect statistics from
miscellaneous hosts as switches, routers, servers and other devices and applications
Nagios XI
A list of tools server monitoring software, would not be complete without Nagios. It’s
a reliable tool to monitor server health. This Linux based monitoring system provides
real-time monitoring of operating systems, applications, infrastructure performance
monitoring, and systems metrics.

A variety of third-party plugins makes Nagios XI able to monitor all types of in-house
applications. Nagios is equipped with a robust monitoring engine and an updated web
interface to facilitate excellent monitoring capabilities through visualizations such as
graphs.

Getting a central view of your server and network operations is the main benefit of
Nagios. Nagios Core is available as a free monitoring system. Nagios XI comes
recommended due to its advanced monitoring, reporting, and configuration options.

 SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer

SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer is the database management software that
can perform SQL query performance monitoring, analysis, and tuning.
It supports cross-platform database performance tuning and optimization.

Few features of SolarWinds are as follows:

SolarWinds Database Performance Analyzer has the features of Machine Learning, Cross-
Platform Database Support, Expert Tuning Advisors, Cloud Database Support, and
Automation Management API, etc.

Hardware

Desktop computer (Dell opt. 7020, 7090)

Desktop computer (Dell Opt. 3060, 3050)