Diploma Programme (2020-2022)

Term End Assessment 2 - May 2022

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MATHEMATICS APPLICATIONS & INTERPRETATION

HIGHER LEVEL
PAPER 2

Day: Monday
Date: 2nd May 2022
Duration: 2 hours

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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.

• A graphic display calculator is required for this paper.
• Answer all the questions in the answer booklet provided.
• Unless otherwise stated in the question, all numerical answers should be given exactly
or correct to three significant figures.
• A clean copy of the mathematics: applications and interpretation formula booklet is
required for this paper.
• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [110 marks].
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1. [Maximum mark:17]

Joey was very late to his math class and missed the lesson on Markov chains. He also
missed the chance to sit next to Maria. All he saw on the board was the semi-erased
remnants of the last problem the class had solved, as shown below:

a) Write down:
i) the proportion of days the weather will be just right in the long run.

ii) the probability the weather will be too hot after a day when it was too cold. [2]

Joey decides to denote the probability that the weather will be just right the day after it was
too hot as x, and the probability that the weather will be too hot the day after it was just right
as y.

b) Using all the available information, complete the transition table below in terms of x and y.
[3]

c)

Construct and solve a system of linear equations to find x and y, correct to two decimal places.
You are advised to show all your working. [6]

On one of the desks, Joey found a forgotten scrap of paper.

d) Find the probability Maria will go skateboarding on Saturday, if today is Tuesday and the
weather is just right. [6]
2. [Maximum mark:15]
The population P(t) of a species of deer in t years in an island can be modelled using
300,000
𝑃1 (𝑡) =
2 + 8𝑒 −0.245𝑡
where t is the number of years that have passed since 1st January 1990
a) Find the population of this species of deer in 1990. [2]

b) Find the time for the population to first exceed 100,000. [2]

c) Sketch a graph of P1(t) against t. Identify the vertical intercept and the horizontal
asymptote on your sketch. [4]

d) Let us assume the model above is valid for future.

(i) State the maximum population of deer in this island. [1]

(ii) Find the time for the population to first exceed 98% of the above maximum
population. Leave your final answer in years, months and days (to the nearest
day). [3]
The population model can be written in its generic form as
𝑑
𝑃(𝑡) =
𝑎 + 𝑏𝑒 −𝑐𝑡
(e) The value of parameter c is increased from 0.245 in P1(t) to 0.450 in P2(t).
(i) Describe the graphical transformation from P1(t) to P2(t). [2]
(ii) Identify one parameter in the model above and the magnitude of change so that the
maximum population is now 200,000. [1]
3. [Maximum mark:14]
Mr Brown gets sick on average once every 7 months.
a) Write down the expected value and the variance of the number of times Mr Brown will
be sick during a year. [2]
Mr Brown works with two other people, Ms Green and Ms White. Ms Green gets sick on
average once every 6 months, and Ms White gets sick on average once every 8 months.
Let 𝑁 be the total number of days of sick leave the team will take during a year.
b) Find the expected value and the variance of 𝑁. [3]
c) State an assumption required for the calculation in b) to be valid. Suggest why this
assumption might not be valid, and predict how the expected value and variance of 𝑁 are each
likely to change if this assumption is relaxed. [4]
d) Find the expected value and variance of the total number of times members of the team will
be sick over a 4-year period. [2]
e) Each time they get sick, Mr Brown, Ms Green and Ms White take 4 days off from work. Find
the expected value and variance of the total number of sick days the team will take during a
year. [3]
4. [Maximum mark:16]
Each athlete on a running team recorded the distance (M miles) they ran in 30 minutes. The
median distance is 4 miles and the interquartile range is 1.1miles. This information is shown
in the following box-and-whisker plot.

The distance in miles, M, can be converted to the distance in kilometres, K, using the
8
formula K=5M. The variance of the distances run by the athletes is 169 km2. The standard
deviation of the distances is b miles. A total of 600 athletes from different teams compete in
a 5km race. The times the 600 athletes took to run the 5 km race are shown in the
following cumulative frequency graph.
There were 400 athletes who took between 22 and m minutes to complete the 5 km race.
a) Find the value of a.
[2]
b) Write down the value of the median distance in kilometres (km).
[2]
c) Find the value of b.
[4]
d) Find m.
[3]
e) The first 150 athletes that completed the race won a prize. Given that an athlete
took between 22 and m minutes to complete the 5 km race, calculate the probability
that they won a prize.
[5]
5. [Maximum mark:17]
Analysis has shown that, after students graduate from university, the probability that they
donate money to the alumni fund in a given year is 0.72 if they donated the previous year and
0.16 if they did not donate the previous year. It is assumed that final year students do not
donate.
a) Write down the transition matrix, T, for this information.
[2]
b) Find the probability of a student donating in the third year after graduating.
[3]
c) Find the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors of T.
[4]
d) Hence write down matrices P and D such that T=PDP-1.
[3]
e) Find an expression for the probability of donating in year n.
[3]
f) Hence find the long term probability of donating.
[2]
6. [Maximum mark:15]
In this question, give all answers accurate to 2 decimal places. Amara is looking at a
couple of education savings schemes for her child.

Saving Option A: Amara deposits AUD 2000 at the beginning of each year for 10 years.
The rate of interest is fixed at R% per year and compounded yearly. The value of the
scheme Vn at the end of nth year is given by

𝑅 100 𝑅 𝑛
𝑉𝑛 = 2000 (1 + )( ) [(1 + ) − 1]
100 𝑅 100

Let R = 2.5.

(a) Find the value of the scheme at the end of 10 years. [2]
Given that Real Interest = interest rate (R) – inflation rate.
The average inflation rate in these 10 years is 1.8% per year.
(b) Find the Real total interest earned after 10 years. [3]

Saving Option B: Amara deposits AUD 200 at the beginning of each month for 100
months. The rate of interest is fixed at 0.2% per month and compounded monthly.
(c) Find the value of the scheme at the end of 100 months. [3]
Amara does not make any new deposit after 100 months but allows the savings to
compound monthly until 120 months.
(d) (i) Find the value of the scheme at the end of 120 months. [2]

(ii) Explain the saving option that Amara should choose to maximize her savings.
[2]

Amara finds a third option, investing AUD 200 at the beginning of each month for
100 months, at the end of which the total value of the scheme is AUD 21 000.

(e) Work out the monthly interest rate r% that this third option offers. [2]
7. [Maximum mark:16]
On her first day in a hospital, Kiri receives u1 milligrams (mg) of a therapeutic drug. The
amount of the drug Kiri receives increases by the same amount, d, each day. On the
seventh day, she receives 21 mg of the drug, and on the eleventh day she receives 29 mg.
Kiri receives the drug for 30 days.
Ted is also in a hospital and on his first day he receives a 20 mg antibiotic injection. The
amount of the antibiotic Ted receives decreases by 50 % each day. On the second day, Ted
receives a 10 mg antibiotic injection, on the third day he receives 5 mg, and so on.
a) Write down an equation, in terms of u1 and d, for the amount of the drug that she
receives on the seventh day.
[1]
b) Write down an equation, in terms of u1 and d, for the amount of the drug that she
receives on the eleventh day.
[1]
c) Write down the value of d and the value of u1.
[2]
d) Calculate the total amount of the drug, in mg, that she receives.
[3]
e) Find the amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives on the fifth day.
[3]
f) The daily amount of antibiotic Ted receives will first be less than 0.06 mg on the k th
day. Find the value of k.
[3]
g) Hence find the total amount of antibiotic, in mg, that Ted receives during the
first k days.
[3]