The Proposed Modern Residential Passive House in the Philippines, March 2022

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The Project

This project shows how design strategies in applying passive designs are important in tropical climates.
Every house's energy usage is increasing, and it's predicted to continue to rise as living standards improve as well
as the global population is growing. Ac system became more widely used in recent years and has played a
significant role in the rise in overall power usage. A passive design depends on various mechanisms both heating
and cooling. energy is transported by natural processes in passive strategies such as sunlight, conductivity, or
circulation, without the use of any electrical equipment. In a tropical environment, keeping a comfortable place
inside a building requires lowering the rate of energy gains into the facility.

Project Objectives

This project aims to prioritize passive solar energy-efficient in residential design since it is typically a
reduced activity that saves money on the development costs of a wind system. Also, this project seeks to interpret
human comfort throughout changeable warm climates. Process improvement, inventing new active and reactive
cooling systems, and creating sophisticated components for thermal insulation are also important, especially in the
summer season and future climate changes.

Project Scope and Limitations

The selected structure is considered to represent a residential house constructed in the Philippines using
readily available materials as a scope limitation. A capstone project is a two-story structure including one house
on every level. Every component of this residential house includes the important living area, which includes the
kitchen area, family area, bedrooms with toilet and bath, as well as a hallway.

DESIGN INPUTS
Design Standards and Pertinent Laws
Review of Related Case Studies

Sadeghifam, et al. (2020) In this case study is modelled and then reproduced using the Building Information
Modeling, which is suitable for energy simulation, to process that, four physical parameters of the U-factor, heat
gain rate, apparent transparency, and transmittance were factored. The analysis indicates that windows kinds
02 and 03 have been the most efficient frame materials, resulting in a 10% energy savings in the base model,
whereas windows type 05 had a high U-factor, resulting in more inner area transmission therefore high energy
expenditure.

Kamal (2012) this case study examines and evaluates several passive cooling strategies, as well as their
importance in delivering thermal comfort and energy reduction. In developing countries, there has been a
significant energy crisis in the previous two decades, particularly during the summer season, owing to the
cooling load requirements of structures. Increased energy use has resulted in pollution, which has resulted in

SANTOS, EFRAIM LEMUEL M.

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The Proposed Modern Residential Passive House in the Philippines, March 2022

global warming and ozone layer depletion. Passive cooling systems employ non-mechanical means to maintain
a suitable indoor temperature and are an important part of reducing the environmental impact of buildings.

Rizvanda, (2020) this case study discussed how good strategies in applying passive designs are important in
tropical climates from some of the theories. House heat management considers the power office house's
proposed design. Theorizes and designs energy-efficient office buildings that use evaporative cooling to reduce
solar heat and boost natural cooling. Solar heat is an important aspect of gaining heat in a building. As a result,
it's important to remember to regulate buildings temperatures to prevent heat transmission into structures.

Review of Pertinent Laws and Regulations

The architectural works shall be accordance in with the following Philippine laws, codes, and standards:

RULE VIII - LIGHT AND VENTILATION

SECTION 806. Sizes and Dimensions of Rooms

1. Minimum sizes of rooms and their least horizontal dimensions shall be as follows: a. Rooms for Human
Habitations – 6.00 sq. meters with a least dimension of 2.00 meters

SECTION 808. Window Openings

1. Rooms intended for any use, not provided with artificial ventilation system, shall be provided with a window or
windows with a total free area of openings equal to at least 10% of the floor area of the room, provided that such
opening shall be not less than 1.00 sq. meter. However, toilet and bathrooms, laundry rooms and similar rooms
shall be provided with window or windows with an area not less than 1/20 of the floor area of such rooms, provided
that such opening shall not be less than 240 sq. millimeters. Such window or windows shall open directly to a court,
yard, public street or alley, or open watercourse.

SECTION 810. Ventilation Skylights

1. Ventilation skylights shall have a glass area not less than that required for the windows that are replaced. They
shall be equipped with movable sashes or louvers with an aggregate net free area not less than the parts in the
replaced window that can be opened, or else provide artificial ventilation of equivalent effectiveness.

SECTION 1802. Area Limitation

1. Exterior glass and glazing shall be capable of safely withstanding the load due to wind pressure for various
height zones above ground acting inward or outward. The area of individual light shall not be more than the
maximum allowable area of glass according to the wind load multiplied by the appropriate adjustment factor.

2. Glass panels which are more than 600 millimeters in width and 180 millimeters or more in height adjacent to
wall opening shall be safety glass unless a bulkhead of opaque materials not less than 450 millimeters high is
provided.

SANTOS, EFRAIM LEMUEL M.

ARCH42S2
The Proposed Modern Residential Passive House in the Philippines, March 2022

References

Sadeghifam, et al. (2020) “Analysis of Windows Element for Energy Saving in a Tropical Residential Buildings in
Order to Reduce the Negative Environmental Impacts”. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques 2021,
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages: 1-6

Kamal (2012) “An Overview of Passive Cooling Techniques in Buildings: Design Concepts and Architectural
Interventions”. Acta Technica Napocensis: Civil Engineering & Architecture Vol. 55, No. 1 (2012)

Rizvanda, (2020) “Review on Design Strategies of Energy Saving Office Building with Evaporative Cooling in
Tropical Region”. PTEK The Journal of Technology and Science, 31(2), 2020 (e/pISSN:2088-2033, 0853-4098)

SANTOS, EFRAIM LEMUEL M.

ARCH42S2