EL6240

Sains Data & Teknologi Web

Python

Dr.-Ing. Eueung Mulyana

Intro
 Dynamic programming language
which supports several different
programing paradigms:

What is ● Procedural programming

Python?
● Object oriented programming
● Functional programming

Python is often described as a

“batteries included” language due
to its comprehensive standard
library.
● Extremely versatile language: Website
development, data analysis, server
maintenance, numerical analysis, ...
● Syntax is clear, easy to read and learn
(almost pseudo code)
●
●
Common language
Intuitive object oriented programming Why Python?
● Full modularity, hierarchical packages
● Comprehensive standard library for Graf, Linner, Lischewski @FZJuelich
many tasks
● Big community Python has built-in libraries for nearly
● Simply extendable via C/C++, wrapping everything… and there are third-party
of C/C++ libraries
libraries for everything else (@jvp)
● Focus: Programming speed
 For user programs: Python is fast
enough!

Most parts of Python are written in C

Is Python Fast For compute intensive algorithms:

Enough? Fortran, C, C++ might be better

Performance-critical parts can be

re-implemented in C/C++ if
necessary

First analyse, then optimise!

Strong & Dynamic Typing
Strong Typing
● Object is of exactly one type! A string is
always a string, an integer always an
integer
● Counterexamples: PHP, JavaScript, C: char
can be interpreted as short, void* can be
everything
Dynamic Typing
● No variable declaration
● Variable names can be assigned to
different data types in the course of a
program
● An object’s attributes are checked only at
run time
● Duck typing (an object is defined by its
methods and attributes)
When I see a bird that walks like a duck
and swims like a duck and quacks like a
duck, I call that bird a duck. (James
Whitcomb Riley)
Documentation
Online help in the interpreter:

● help(): general Python help

● help(obj): help regarding an object, e.g. a function or a module
● dir () : all used names
● dir(obj): all attributes of an object

Official documentation: https://docs.python.org/

Python’s
Scientific Stack

@jakevdp PyCon 2017

Why is Python 1. Interoperability with other
languages
such an 2. “Batteries Included” +
third-party modules
effective tool 3. Simplicity & dynamic nature

[in science]?
4. [Open ethos well-fit to science]
Quotes (@jakevdp)

People want to use So people build

Python because of its Python packages that
intuitiveness, beauty, incorporate lessons
philosophy, and learned in other tools
readability. & communities.
Quotes (@jakevdp)

Python is not a data Python is a

science language. general-purpose
language, and this is
one of its great
How did Python become a strengths for data
data science powerhouse? science.
Showcases
Credit @moskytw Practicing Py3
Syntax Summary
Basics
Variables
Strings

Lists
Tuples
Dictionaries

Conditionals (IF)
User Input

Python Crash Course

Conditionals (WHILE)

Functions
Classes

Files
Exceptions

Python Crash Course

Python Basics &
Intermediate

DS Cheat Sheet

@dataquest
END