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COMPUTER SYSTEM
An Introduction
 After the lesson, student must be able to:

Identify Basic Concept of Computer System, Terminologies and Applications

IDENTIFY

Learn the Basic Concept of Computer System and be familiarize with its basic f
LEARN unctions

Apply the concept learned in everyday life

APPLY

Expand learning towards future career in Maritime

EXPAND
HUMAN - Alphabet and Symbols
Hello

Machine - Binaries
01001000 01100101
01101100 01101100
USER
the prson using or operating the computer sy
stem directly or indirectly

USER

SOFTWARE HARDWARE
a set of instructions or prog any physical device or equip
rams that tells a computer ment used in or with a comp
SO

what to do or how to perfor uter system (anything you ca

RE
m a specific task (computer n see and touch).
FT

WA
software runs on hardware).
WA

RD
R

HA
E
• Super Computers
• Analog Computers
• Mainframe Computers • Special Purpose
• Digital Computers
• Mini Computers • General Purpose
• Hybrid Computers
• Mircro Computer
BASED ON SIZE
What is a super computer
A super computer is any of a class of
extremely powerful computers. The term is
commonly applied to the fastest high-
performance systems available at any given
time. Such computers have been used
primarily for scientific and engineering work
requiring exceedingly high-speed
computations.

FUGAKU SUPER COMPUTER IN JAPAN
FUGAKU, Japan
Built by Fujitsu, Fugaku is installed at the RIKEN
Center for Computational Science (R-CCS) in Kobe,
Japan. With its additional hardware, the system
achieved a new world record of 442 petaflops result
on HPL, making it three times ahead of the number
two system in the list.
SUMMIT, USA
Based at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL) in Tennessee, Summit was built by IBM
and is the fastest system in the US.. Launched in
2018, it has a performance of 148.8 petaflops and
has 4,356 nodes, each one housing two 22-core
Power9 CPUs and six NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPUs.
SIERRA, USA
A system at the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory (LLNL) in California, Sierra has an HPL
mark of 94.6 petaflops. With each of its 4,320 nodes
equipped with two Power9 CPUs and four NVIDIA
Tesla V100 GPUs, it has an architecture similar to
that of Summit.
What is a mainframe computer
A mainframe computer is a large computer
capable of rapidly processing massive
amounts of data at high speeds. Mainframe
computers by definition are computers that
have a lot of memory and processors, so they
can do billions of transactions and simple
calculations in real time. A mainframe is used
for transaction servers, commercial databases,
and applications that need ample reliability,
security, and speed.
 IBM Z mainframe

The zSeries, zEnterprise, System z and IBM Z

families were named for their availability – z stands
for zero downtime. The systems are built with spare
components capable of hot failovers to ensure
continuous operations.

UNIVAC series

The UNIVAC I was designed as a commercial data-

processing computer, intended to replace the
punched-card accounting machines of the day. It
could read 7,200 decimal digits per second (it did
not use binary numbers), making it by far the fastest
business machine yet built.

IBM Z Mainframe
What is a mini computer
Minicomputer, computer that was smaller, less
expensive, and less powerful than a
mainframe or supercomputer but more
expensive and more powerful than a personal
computer. Minicomputers were used for
scientific and engineering computations,
business transaction processing, file handling,
and database management.
What is a micro computer
A microcomputer is a complete computer on a
small scale, designed for use by one person at
a time. An antiquated term, a microcomputer is
now primarily called a personal computer (PC),
or a device based on a single-chip
microprocessor.
 USERS MEMORY SIZE USES EXAMPLES

At least twice
2 or more Server and
at least 10 GB as big as POS Machines,
users at the business
or more micro Server
same time institues
computers

Mobile
as small as
Only 1 user at at least 1GB For personal Phones,
your mobile
a time of memory use Laptops and
phones
desktops
BASED ON MECHANISM
 What is an analog computer
analog computer, any of a class of devices in
which continuously variable physical quantities,
such as electrical potential, fluid pressure, or
mechanical motion, are represented in a way
analogous to the corresponding quantities in
the problem to be solved.
SPEEDOMETER ANALOG WATCH

SEISMOGRAPH
 What is an digital computer
Digital computers are computers that process
data in binary forms ie. 0's and 1's. The main
benefit of digital computers is that they are
quick and re-programmable. Some examples
are laptops, smartphones, and calculators.
DESKTOP COMPUTER LAPTOP
 What is an hybrid computer
a computer system consisting of a combination
of analog and digital computer systems.
TOUCH SCREEN PHONE ANALOG WATCH

SPEEDOMETER
BASED ON PURPOSE
What is an special purpose computer
Special purpose computer is tailor-made solely
to cater to the requirements of a particular task
or application, for example, weather
forecasting. It incorporates the instructions
needed into the design of internal storage so
that it can perform the given task on a simple
command.
What is an special purpose computer
Special purpose computer is tailor-made solely
to cater to the requirements of a particular task
or application, for example, weather
forecasting. It incorporates the instructions
needed into the design of internal storage so
that it can perform the given task on a simple
command.
CPU vs GPU
 What is a CPU?
Known as the “brain” of a computer, they are
composed of millions upon millions of tiny
transistors with multiple “cores.” It is critical
for handling the main processing functions of
a computer. Actions like running the
operating system and applications would not
be possible without it. The CPU is also what
determines the general speed of a computer.
 What is a GPU?
GPUs are more specialized in nature.
Originally designed to help with 3D rendering,
they can do more processing in parallel. This is
perfect for use in graphic-intensive applications
that rely on displaying dynamic content for
gaming, or compressing/decompressing
streaming videos. GPUs are also being used in
many other areas beyond rendering and image
processing, like Artificial Intelligence and
Bitcoin mining.
 A CPU receives a set of data for processing and
does so sequentially. Everything is processed in
order. GPUs can spread the data across multiple
processing units designed for specific tasks. This
method of distributing the workload into parallel
processes is the core reason to offload tasks to
the GPU whenever possible.
GPU is not meant to replace CPU: the CPU is
still the main processor of computing
hardware flow. It is the one that makes the
decision to handle a batch of data for
processing or pass that on to the GPU.
Just because they’re different doesn’t mean
one is better than the other.
SOFTWARE
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used
to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is
the opposite of hardware, which describes the physical
aspects of a computer. Software is a generic term used
to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run
on a device.
What is an operating system
An operating system (OS) is the program
that, after being initially loaded into the
computer by a boot program, manages all of
the other application programs in a computer.
The application programs make use of the
operating system by making requests for
services through a defined application
program interface (API).
What is an application software
Application software is a type of computer
program that performs a specific personal,
educational, and business function. Each
application is designed to assist end-users in
accomplishing a variety of tasks, which may
be related to productivity, creativity, or
communication.
END