The Sexual

Human Sexual
Self
Behavior
Erogenous Zones
The parts of the body that are primarily
receptive and increase sexual arousal
when touched in a sexual manner. Some
of the commonly known erogenous zones
are the mouth, breasts, genitals, and anus.

Erogenous zones may vary from one person

to another. Some people may enjoy being
touched in a certain area more than the
other areas.
The Psychology of Sex
 Are you ready for Sex?
● Am I pressuring my partner?
● Who am I doing this for?
● Does it go along with my
values of waiting until
marriage?
● Do I only feel the desire to
have sex when I am drunk or
high?
● Am I having sex to keep my
partner or to make him or
her happy?
● What could I gain or lose
from having sex?
● If the relationship breaks up,
will I be glad I had sex with
this person?
● Do my partner and I share
the same feelings and
attitudes about the meaning
of sex and relationships?
● Am I ready to deal with a
possible pregnancy or STI?
● Am I being pressured to do it?
 Warning Signs that a dating partner
may eventually become abusive
● Extreme jealousy, monitors your every move
● Blaming others for problems
● Never able to admit wrongdoings
● Cruelty to animals
● Rigid beliefs about sex-roles
● Controlling : makes all decisions and keeps you from seeing
friends/family
● Name calling, put-downs, make you feel bad about yourself
● Threats
● Violent behavior: slams doors, hits, punching walls,etc.
● Tries to make up buy saying they are sorry, they love you, it will
NEVER happen again and/or buying you flowers, jewelry
Types of Behavior
1. Solitary Behavior
2. Sociosexual
Behavior
 Solitary Behavior
● Self-gratification means self-stimulation that leads to sexual arousal
and generally, social climax.
● Usually takes place in private but may also be done in a
sociosexual relationship.
● Generally begins at or before puberty and is very common among
young males
● Most frequent among the unmarried
● The frequency greatly varies among individuals and it usually
decreases as soon as they develop sociosexual relationships.
Sociosexual Behavior
• Heterosexual behavior is the
greatest amount of sociosexual
behavior that occurs between only
one male and one female.

• Physical contact involving necking

and petting is considered as an
ingredient of the learning process
and eventually of courtship and the
selection of a marriage partner.
William Masters and Virginia Johnson
 Physiology of Human Sexual
Response
Sexual
Excitement Plateau Resolution
Climax

Excitement Phase – caused by increase in pulse and blood

pressure; a sudden rise in blood supply to the surface of the body
resulting in increased skin temperature, flushing and swelling of all
distensible body parts (male reproductive structure and female breasts),
more rapid breathing, the secretion of genital fluids, vaginal expansion,
and a general increase in muscle tension.
 Physiology of Human Sexual
Response
Sexual
Excitement Plateau Resolution
Climax

Plateau Phase – it is generally a brief duration. If stimulation is continued,

orgasm usually occurs.

Sexual Climax – a feeling of abrupt, intent pleasure, a rapid increase in

pulse rate and blood pressure, and spasms of the pelvic muscles causing
contractions in the female reproductive organ and ejaculation by the male. It
may last for a few seconds (not normally over ten), after which the individual
enters the resolution phase.
 Physiology of Human Sexual
Response
Sexual
Excitement Plateau Resolution
Climax

Resolution Phase – it is the last stage that refers to the return to a

normal or subnormal physiologic state. Males and females are similar in their
response sequence.

Whereas males return to normal even if stimulation continues, but continued

stimulation can produce additional orgasms in females. Females are physically
capable of repeated orgasms without the intervening “rest period” required by
males.
Sexual Problems
Sexual problems may be
classified as physiological,
psychological and social
in origin.
 Physiological Conditions
● Vaginal infections
● Retroverted uteri
● Prostatitis
● Adrenal tumors
● Diabetes
● Senile changes of the vagina
● Cardiovascular problems
 Psychological Problems
● Comprise by far the largest category
● Usually caused by socially induced inhibitions, maladaptive
attitudes, ignorance and sexual myths held by society.
● Example: Good and mature sex must involve rapid erection,
prolonged coitus, and simultaneous orgasm.
● Magazines, marriage books, and general sexual folklore often
strengthen these demanding ideals, which are not always
achieved.
● Therefore, they can give rise to feelings of inadequacy, anxiety
and guilt.
Premature Emission
• A common problem especially for young males

• Not always psychological but the natural result of

excessive tension in a males who has been
sexually deprived
Erectile Impotence
• Almost always of psychological origin in males under
40
• In older males, physical causes are more often
involved
• Fear of being frequently causes impotence
• In other cases, the impotence may be the result of
disinterest in the sexual partner, fatigue, and
distraction of nonsexual worries, intoxication, or
other causes – such occasional impotence is
common and requires no therapy.
Ejaculatory Impotence
• Results from the inability to ejaculate in coitus
• Uncommon and usually of psychogenic origin
• It appears to be associated with ideas of
contamination or with memories of traumatic
experiences
• Occasional ejaculatory inability can be possibly
expected in older men or in any male who has
exceeded his sexual capacity.
Vaginismus
A strong spasm of the pelvic musculature
constricting the female reproductive organ so
that penetration is painful and impossible.

It can be due to anti-sexual conditioning or

psychological trauma that serves as an
unconscious defense against coitus

It can be treated by psychotherapy and by

gradually dilating the female reproductive
organ with increasingly large cylinders.
Methods of Contraception
Natural and Artificial Methods
Natural Method
The natural family planning methods do not
involve any chemical or foreign body
introduction to the human body.

People who are very conscious of their

religious beliefs are more inclined to use
the natural way of birth control and others
follow such natural methods because they
are more cost-effective
Abstinence
This natural method involves
refraining from sexual
intercourse and is the most
cost effective natural birth
control method with ideally
0% fail rate.

It is considered to be the most

effective way to avoid STIs.
 Calendar Method
● This method is also called as the rhythm
method.
● It entails withholding from coitus during the
days that the woman is fertile.
● According to the menstrual cycle, the
woman is likely to conceive three or four
days before and three or four days after
ovulation.
● The woman needs to record her menstrual
cycle for six months in order to calculate
the woman’s safe days to prevent
conception.
 Facts about Timing
Ovulation is when a mature egg is released from the ovary. The egg
●
then moves down the fallopian tube where it can be fertilized. If sperm
are in the fallopian tube when the egg is released, there is a good
chance that the egg will be fertilized, creating an embryo, which can
grow into a baby.

● Pregnancy is technically only possible if you have sex during the five
days before ovulation or on the day of ovulation. But the most fertile
days are the three days leading up to and including ovulation. Having
sex during this time gives you the best chance of getting pregnant.

● By 12-24 hours after ovulation, a woman is no longer able to get

pregnant during that menstrual cycle because the egg is no longer in
the fallopian tube.
 Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
● Indicates the woman’s temperature at rest
● Before the day of ovulation and during ovulation, BBT falls at
0.5°F; it increases to a full degree because of progesterone and
maintains its level throughout the menstrual cycle.
● The woman must record her temperature every morning before
any activity.
● A slight decrease in the basal body temperature followed by a
gradual increase in the basal body temperature can be a sign
that a woman has ovulated.
Cervical Mucus Method
During ovulation, the cervical mucus is copious, thin, and watery.
It also exhibits the property of spinnbarkeit, wherein it can be
stretched up until at least 1 inch and is slippery.

The woman is said to be fertile as long as the cervical mucus is

copious and watery. Therefore, she must avoid coitus during
those days to prevent conception.
Symptothermal Method
Basically a combination of the BTT method and the cervical
mucus method. The woman records her temperature every
morning and also takes note of the changes in her cervical
mucus.

She should abstain from coitus three days after a rise in her
temperature or on the fourth day after the peak of a mucus
change.
Ovulation
Detection
Uses an over-the-counter kit that requires
the urine sample of the woman. The
kit can predict ovulation through the
surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) that
happens 12 to 24 hours before
ovulation.
Coitus Interruptus
• One of the oldest methods that prevents
conception

• A couple still goes on with the coitus, but the

man withdraws the moment he ejaculates to
emit the spermatozoa outside of the female
reproductive organ

• A disadvantage of this method is the pre-

ejaculation fluid that contains a few
spermatozoa that may cause fertilization
Artificial methods
Oral Contraceptives
• Also known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic
estrogen and progesterone.
• Estrogen suppresses the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and
LH (Luteinizing Hormone) to prevent ovulation.
• Moreover, progesterone decreases the permeability of the cervical
mucus to limit the sperm’s access to the ova.
• It is suggested that the woman takes the first pill of the first
Sunday after the beginning of a menstrual flow, or as soon as it is
prescribed by the doctor.
Progesterone
Progesterone helps to regulate your cycle.
But its main job is to get your uterus
ready for pregnancy.

After you ovulate each

month, progesterone helps thicken the
lining of the uterus to prepare for a
fertilized egg. If there is no fertilized
egg, progesterone levels drop and
menstruation begins.
Transdermal Patch
• Contains both estrogen and progesterone.
• The woman should apply one patch every week for three
weeks on the following areas: upper outer arm, upper
torso, abdomen, or buttocks.
• On the fourth week, no patch is applied because the
menstrual flow would then occur.
Vaginal Ring
The vaginal ring releases a combination
of estrogen and progesterone and it
surrounds the cervix.

The silicon ring is inserted into the female

reproductive organ and remains there
for three weeks and then removed on
the fourth week, as menstrual flow
would occur.
Hormonal Injections
• Contains medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone,
and is usually given once every 12 weeks
intramuscularly

• The injection causes changes in the endometrium

and cervical mucus and can help prevent ovulation.
 Intrauterine Device (IUD)
● A small, T-shaped object containing progesterone that is inserted into the uterus
via the female reproductive organ
● It prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory condition to
prevent implantation of the zygote
● The IUD is fitted only by the physician and inserted after the woman’s menstrual
flow
● The device can be effective for five to seven years.
Chemical Barriers
• Spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin
films are used to cause the death of sperms before
they can enter the cervix and to lower the pH level
of the female reproductive organ so it will not
become conducive for the sperm.

• On the other hand, these chemical barriers cannot

prevent sexually transmitted diseases.
Diaphragm and Cervical Cap
Male Condom
● A latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is
placed on the erect male reproductive organ
before penetration into the female
reproductive organ to trap the sperm during
ejaculation.
● It can prevent STIs and can be bought over-
the-counter
● Male condoms have an ideal fail rate of 2%
and a typical fail rate of 15% due to a break
in the sheath’s integrity or spilling of semen.
Female Condoms
• Female condoms are made up of latex rubber sheaths
that are pre-lubricated with spermicide.

• They are usually bound by two rings: the outer ring is

first inserted against the opening of the female
reproductive organ and the inner ring covers the cervix.

• It is used to prevent fertilization of the egg by the sperm

cells.
 Surgical Methods: Vasectomy
● During vasectomy, a small incision
is made on each side of the scrotum.
The vas deferens is then tied,
cauterized, cut or plugged to block
the passage of the sperm.

● The patient is advised to use a

backup contraceptive method until
two negative sperm count results
are recorded because the sperm
could remain viable in the vas
deferens for six months.
 Surgical Methods: Tubal Ligation
● In women, tubal ligation is
performed after menstruation and
before ovulation.

● The procedure is done through a

small incision under the woman’s
umbilicus that targets the fallopian
tube for cutting, cauterizing, or
blocking to inhibit the passage of
both the sperm and the ova.