Asio, Alondra

1. The pesticide DDT is an example of which one of the following?

A. Biological agent
B. Atomic agent
C. Chemical agent
D. Capricious agent
E. Inorganic agent
2. From the perspective of human health, malnutrition is important because it…
A. Causes the majority of birth defects
B. Is the primary source of teratogens for most children
C. is an important contributor to child mortality
D. Is the second leading cause of death from emerging disease
E. Increases the occurrence of infectious cancers
3. Antibiotic resistance in organisms is the result of what process?
A. Differentiation
B. Evolution
C. Emergence
D. Succession
E. Fixation

Balili, David
4. Which one of the following is an example of an emerging disease?
A. Malaria
B. Ebola
C. Cancer
D. Heart disease
E. Leukemia
5. “Effective dose – 50%” describes which one of the following?
A. The dose that results in 50% mortality
B. The dose the results in 50% survival
C. The dose that is 50% less than the lethal dose
D. The dose that results in a significant response in 50% of subjects
E. The dose that is 50% more than the minimal dose
Bautista, Roudell
6. You are working as an environmental toxicologist for the government. Your results
indicate that a particular chemical causes birth defects. Which one of the following best
describes the effects of this chemical?
A. Teratogen
B. Carcinogen
C. Mutagen
D. Endocrine disruptor
E. Neurotoxicant
7. Which one of the following is most directly associated with radon?
A. Radiation
B. Endocrine disruption
C. Birth defects
D. Biological agents
E. Biomagnification
8. Which one of the following is an example of bioremediation?
A. Adding chemical dispersants following an oil spill
B. Growing large colonies of bacteria to produce antibiotic chemicals
C. Mimicking the processes of natural in a laboratory or industrial context
D. Removing invasive species that are overpopulating an ecosystem
E. Using plants to remove toxic metals from soils following a mining operation

Boniila, Reymarie
9. Which one of the following is not a naturally-occurring element that may be hazardous
to human health?
A. Lead
B. Radon
C. Phthalate
D. Mercury
E. Arsenic
10. Which one of the following is not true regarding the “Love Canal Disaster”?
A. It involved the improper storage of chemical waste
B. It was one of several incidents that led to the creation of the Superfund
C. A school was built on the contaminated site
D. Many homes had to be evacuated due to contamination from various biological agents
E. Many people living in the year reported serious health problems
Borja, Norilie
11. Approximately 97% of all water on Earth is found in what reservoir?
A. Oceans
B. Lakes
C. Streams
D. Groundwater
E. Glaciers and ice caps
12. The majority of freshwater, whether accessible to humans or not, is contained in what
reservoir?
A. Ocean
B. Lakes
C. Streams
D. Groundwater
E. Glaciers and ice caps
13. You are studying a river and notice that it contains chemical waste. You have
thoroughly searched the entire length of the stream and ruled out that the waste is directly
entering the stream. Instead, the waste must by entering by one of its many tributary
streams. Because these streams empty into the river you are studying, they must be within
the same…
A. Watershed
B. Irrigation district
C. Riparian area
D. Aqueduct
E. Water zone

Coloma, Jiven
14. Adding water to a recharge area would have what practical effect?
A. Increased amount of groundwater
B. A more pronounced cone of depression
C. Depletion of an aquifer
D. Less infiltration
E. Greater precipitation
15. With removal of groundwater, which of the following may result?
A. subsidence
B. sinkholes
C. cone of depression
D. decreased water table
E. All of the above.
De Guzman, Richardson
16. For individuals living in areas where no freshwater is available, which one of the
following would produce water that could be used for drinking?
A. desalination
B. groundwater mining
C. sublimation
D. transpiration
E. saltation
17. Three carcinogens are equally harmful at equal concentrations. In a terrible industrial
accident, 2 tons of each type of carcinogen were discharged into a river at the same time.
The residence times of each pollutant is as follows: Chemical X = 2.8 days; Chemical Y =
3.5 days; Chemical Z = 17.2 hours. Which one possesses the greatest risk of exposure to the
nearby community over the course of a week following the spill?
A. Chemical X
B. Chemical Y
C. Chemical Z
D. All chemicals provided equal likelihood of exposure
18. Fertilizers applied to residential lawns and gardens can end up in water bodies through
the process of surface run-off or movement through ground water. This type of pollution
would be considered…
A. Point source
B. Bioremediation
C. Non-point source
D. Throughput sourcing
E. Tangential

Ebana, Melanie
19. Which one of the following would most directly prevent a dead zone from forming in a
water body that is already experiencing eutrophication?
A. Increase the O2 concentration in the water
B. Lower the nutrient levels
C. Increase the amount of algae and phytoplankton
D. Increase the amount of bacteria that decompose dead organic matter
E. Make the water more hypoxic
20. If you analyzed waste water directly after primary treatment, what would you notice?
A. Harmful bacteria and other biological agents have been killed or removed
B. The water is potable
C. Much of the dissolved solids have been removed
D. Many suspended solids have been removed
E. The water is mostly sludge
Esconde, Alyanna
21. Which one of the following is not one of the four pillars of food security?
A. Availability
B. Access
C. Utilization
D. Transformation
E. Stability
22. Which one of the following statements is false regarding selective breeding?
A. It results in genetic changes in the offspring
B. It is anthropogenic
C. Is reliant upon modern, lab-based methods
D. It can produce new traits over time
E. It was responsible for creating many common crops, such as maize (corn)
23. The US National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, along with other
organizations such as the American Medical Association, have determined that GE crops…
A. Are safe to consume
B. Likely pose a risk to human health
C. Pose a serious risk to human health
D. Should be banned
E. Have not been scientifically studied and therefore they cannot make any recommendations.

Feliciano, Wencie
24. Which one of the following regions has obesity rates that are lower than rates of
undernourishment?
A. Middle East and North Africa
B. Latin America and Caribbean
C. Europe and Central Asia
D. South Asia
25. Potatoes, tomatoes, and tobacco were are developed by humans many thousands of
years ago by the genetic modification of wild nightshade species. Specifically, these crops
were developed using…
A. Selective breeding
B. Horizontal gene transfer
C. Epigenetics
D. Natural selection
E. Anthropogenesis
Hipolito, Jhastine
26.Which of the following is not one of the five soil-forming factors?
A. Climate
B. Organisms
C. Relief
D. Transpiration rate
E. Time
27. You analyze a soil sample for a farmer that has been dealing with fertility issues on her
land. You find that it is deficient in all of the soil-derived macronutrients. Which one of the
following is macronutrient derived from the soil?
A. carbon
B. nitrogen
C. hydrogen
D. iron
E. oxygen
28. The farmer adjacent to your land plants a single crop (soybean) over their entire 100
hectare field. This practice is known as a…
A. Monoculture
B. Crop plot
C. Agriplot
D. Rotational farming
E. Millibar

Inoc, Romer
29. Salinization is bad for farmers because it results in…
A. Pesticide resistance
B. Increased salts in the soil
C. Nutrient-poor soils
D. Blight
E. Desertification
30. Besides being long-lasting, persistent organic pollutants share which of the following
characteristics:
A. accumulate in higher trophic levels and are toxic
B. accumulate in lower trophic levels and are toxic
C. accumulate in higher trophic levels and are infectious biological agents
D. accumulate in lower trophic levels and are infectious biological agents
E. Are toxic and infectious
Luna, Religiosa
31. The grasshopper effect explains which one of the following phenomena?
A. The mass migration patterns of insects that are similar to, and include, grasshoppers
B. The lowering of nutrient capacity in soils due to the action of certain types of organisms
C. The long-range movement of certain types of pollutants across different regions of the Earth
D. The long-range atmospheric distribution of soil following tilling by farm equipment
E. The spread of invasive species through international trade in potted plants
32. An important goal of integrated pest management is to reduce the amount of pests
while also…
A. Reducing the amount of genetically modified crops grown
B. Reducing the amount of fertilizer used
C. Introducing species that prey upon and destroy pest species
D. Integrating market-based strategies for maximization of profits
E. Reducing the amount of synthetic chemical pesticides used
33. Which one of the following describes the use of organisms to control pests?
A. Bioremediation
B. Intercropping
C. Species niche partitioning
D. Vector control
E. Biological control

Misa, Ime
34. What practice allows farmers to improve soil fertility, diversify their crops, and reduce
pesticide costs by naturally breaking the cycle of weeds, insects, and diseases?
A. Monoculture
B. Biological control
C. Crop sharing
D. Crop rotation
E. Soil tilling
35.Which one of the following is more indicative of conventional agriculture, and not
sustainable agriculture?
A. Biological control
B. Intercropping
C. Monocultures
D. Integrated pest management
E. Minimal tillage
Nieves, Rhesel
36. Ground-level ozone…
A. Protects us from radiation
B. Is a primary pollutant
C. Is a secondary pollutant
D. Reduces visibility but is mostly harmless to human health
E. Is emitted from motor vehicles
37. Secondary pollutants are pollutants…
A. Emitted from non-point sources
B. That are created from the reaction of primary pollutants and other chemicals
C. That are less hazardous than primary pollutants
D. That have reduced ability to stay aloft in the atmosphere
E. Emitted by Class 2 polluters
38. Depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer occurs when molecules of ozone are
destroyed by chemicals such as…
A. CFC
B. DDT
C. O3
D. PCB
E. CH4

Panyo, Yna
39. What is the function of the stratospheric ozone layer?
A. Provides the biosphere with a source of elemental oxygen
B. Protects against ultraviolet light
C. Shields the Earth from high-energy cosmic rays
D. Protects organisms from infrared radiation
E. Creates UVB radiation for vitamin D synthesis
40. Anthropogenic causes of acid rain are primarily due to which one of the following?
A. Destruction of the ozone layer
B. Emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the combustion of fossil fuels
C. Emissions of carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels
D. Industrial emissions of acids
E. Acids formed in the contrails of airplanes
Rioflorido, Mark
41. The scientific consensus regarding global Bchange is that these changes are…
A. Caused by natural, Earth-based phenomena such as volcanoes
B. Poorly understood and no scientific conclusions can be made at this time
C. Primarily caused by human activities
D. Caused by eccentricity in Earth’s orbit and by changes in solar intensity
E. No greater or different than changes seen in the medieval times
42. Greenhouse gases are known to raise air temperatures by…
A. absorbing infrared radiation
B. creating heat through chemical reactions with atmospheric pollutants
C. absorbing incoming visible light from the sun
D. trapping high energy molecules and atomic particles
E. releasing heat stored in high-altitude catalytic cycles
43. Changes in reflectivity of visible light affect how much energy enters Earth’s system.
What term is used by scientists to describe the reflectivity of a surface?
A. Contrastivity
B. Libido
C. Mirror-effect
D. Alluvium
E. Albedo

Tesoro, Dianne
44. What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
A. Atmospheric CO2 dissolving in ocean water
B. Increases in acid rain
C. Increased erosion of acid-containing rocks
D. Water draining into the ocean has a higher pH from industrial pollutants
E. All of the above
45. Which one of the following is not a predicted consequence of global climate change?
A. Spread of diseases carried by insects, such as malaria
B. Rise in sea levels
C. Increases in the global average air and ocean temperatures
D. Intensity of precipitation events will likely increase on average.
E. All of the above
ANSWERS:
1. C 27. B
2. C 28. A
3. B 29. B
4. B 30. A
5. D 31. C
6. A 32. E
7. A 33. E
8. E 34. D
9. C 35. E
10. D 36. C
11. A 37. B
12. E 38. A
13. A 39. B
14. A 40. B
15. E 41. C
16. A 42. A
17. B 43. E
18. C 44. A
19. A 45. E
20. D
21. D
22. C
23. A
24. D
25. A
26. D