 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬

1
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 W،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ?   ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ? ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬          ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

2
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 ‫א‬
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 2  
5 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 43  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
119 ABS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
134  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 198 ‫א‬
273 ‫א‬
314  E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
359 ‫א‬‫א‬

3
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E143F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 12K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 26 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 12 KABS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
30 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 24  ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 24 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 23 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

4
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬  
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

5
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 12 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

6
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
K
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 
7
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
   
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L7
{‫א‬{‫א‬{E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
 K ‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L10
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L13
 
 
 

8
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L  
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L14
 K
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 
 K
 L16
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L17
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L19
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L20
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L21
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L 22
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  23
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬20‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L24
 
 K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L25
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L26
 L
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  27
 L28
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   
 

9
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 J1F
‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J1F
 

10
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬??
‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬7D3K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
100D10‫א‬‫א‬K50Kws
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K580Kws‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 J1F
 

W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
11
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬، 
K‫א‬، 
K‫א‬، 
 
 

 

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J1F

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 
 

12
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KK3K‫א‬K2K‫א‬‫א‬K1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J1F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
Bull Dozing (Dozer Blade) J
(Pipe layer) Side Boom ‫א‬ J
Excavator (Bucket)  J
Crane J
 Track type loader  J
 
 

13
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W Bull Dozing (Dozer Blade)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEF
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6 J1F
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

14
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7 J1F

K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ K2
K K3
K K4
K K5
K‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

15
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J1F‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

16
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  :(Pipe layer) Side Boom) ‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9 J1F
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬L 1
K‫א‬L 2
KL 3
K‫א‬L 4
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

17
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E10 J1F
 
K‫א‬‫א‬L1
KL 2
KL 3
K‫א‬L 4
K‫א‬L 5
K‫א‬L6
 

18
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
WExcavator (Bucket)
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 E11 J1F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬360‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬
K‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

19
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K1
K‫א‬
‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬
K‫ א‬K3
 K4
K‫א‬
K K5
‫א‬‫א‬E12 J1F
K K6
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

20
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E13 J1F
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ K2
K K3
 K‫א‬ K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14 J1F
21
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WCraneEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E15 J1F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
360‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،F،،L ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

22
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K1
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬ K4
K K5

  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16 J1F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
 
 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
23
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
WTrack type loader
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  
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 E17 J1F
 
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 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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24
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
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  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18 J1F
 

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 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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25
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬E19 J1F
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20 J1F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

26
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫ א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬360‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KL‫א‬
 
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 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E21 J1F
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

27
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬
K K2

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22 J1F
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
Drive F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESprocket Shaft
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{{‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23 J1F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ED8K{F
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 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

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29
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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D8K{‫א‬‫א‬E24 J1F
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
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 W‫א‬‫א‬E25 J1F‫א‬

30
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
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 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E26 J1F
 

،‫א‬‫א‬K1
‫א‬K2
K‫א‬‫א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
K‫א‬‫א‬K7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K9
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

31
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27 J1F
 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K K2
K‫א‬ K3
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
 

32
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E28 J1F

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
D8K{K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 
 
 
 
  
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E29 J1F
 

 
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
33
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬،
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E30 J1F
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   

 
 
 

34
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2

 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31 J1F
 ‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬
{‫א‬{E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

35
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

36
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

37
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬4‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،ED8KF‫א‬‫א‬
11.39 in + 0.12 F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EBF2
‫א‬1‫א‬‫א‬EAF‫א‬E289.3 + 3.0 mmFEin
‫א‬KE52.3 + 3.0 mmFE2.06 + 0.12 inF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

38
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

 W‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

39
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

40
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ERTF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

41
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،EF‫א‬15‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E J JF‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 

42
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

43
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
Automotive Braking System E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 26 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 

44
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬ L8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12

45
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ W ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   L1
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  L2
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L13
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L14

46
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L16
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L17
 K‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    L18
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L19
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L20
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L21
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L22
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L23
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L24
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L25
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L26
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L27
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L28
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L29
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L30
 

47
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
WBraking Theory‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WBraking System Main Job ‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ J3

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

48
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WTypes of Braking Systems ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬ J2
‫א‬ J3

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J4

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

49
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WMechanical Braking System‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
WHydraulic Braking System ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E‫א‬F‫א‬E1 J2F

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K

50
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J2F
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  F1/ A1 = F2/ A2

F1E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
F2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
A2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

51
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫ א‬ J
  J



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E3 J2F

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

52
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WSingle Piston Hydraulic Braking System ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J2F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

53
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


  
Double Piston Braking ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WSystem
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J2F


W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

54
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

: Master Cylinder of Double Acting ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ Pistons
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6 J2F

 

55
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

: Hydraulic Forces E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKF1
K‫א‬‫א‬KKKKA1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKF2
F2f E‫א‬‫א‬F
KF2rE‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KKKKA2
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

56
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W
‫א‬‫א‬22‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬64‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬12‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
  F1/ A1 = F2/ A2
F1= 12 x 2 = 24 kg
/ 4 = 379,94 mm² A1= л (22)²
A2= 2 x ((л x ( 64 )²/4 )) =6430,72 mm²
F2 = F1 x A2 / A1
= ( 24 x 6430,72 / 379,94 ) / 4 = 101,55 kg
 K‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E7 J1F
 
 

57
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J1F
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

58
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ 
  
 
 EF
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E9 J2F
 E
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

59
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬E10 J2F
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 

60
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬E11 J2F
 ‫א‬
 
 
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

61
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
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 
 
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12 J2F
 
 WHydraulic Braking Fluid ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬GG
60 JF‫א‬E200FGG
 E
 
62
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 
‫ﻏﻄﺎء ﻣﻨﻊ اﻷﺗﺮﺑﺔ‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E13 J1F

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14 J1F
 

63
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E15 J2F
 

 
 
 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16 J2F
 

64
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17 J2F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18 J2F

65
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WBraking pads ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E19 J2F
 
 

66
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20 J2F
 
 

 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21 J2F

 
 

67
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22 J2F
 

W‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
WEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
68
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23 J2F
 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
  
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E24 J2F‫א‬
 

69
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

:Vacuum Braking Servo‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E25 J2F

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E26 J2F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27 J2F
 
WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
WE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬GG
‫א‬‫א‬GG

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

: Disc Brakes ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E28 J2F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E29 J2F
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 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WSLIDING FLOATING BRAKE CALIPER‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E30 J2F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31 J2F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WNON FLOATING BRAKE CALIPER‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32 J2F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

W‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E33 J2F
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
: E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F Drum Brakes ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
76
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 

W‫א‬ 
K‫א‬

 
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77
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E34 J2F
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E35 J2F

78
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬E36 J2F
 
 

W‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

79
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ J2  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3 ‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬ J4 ‫א‬ J4
‫א‬ J5 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
K‫א‬
 
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 

80
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E37 J2F
 

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 
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 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E38 J2F
 
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81
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E39 J1F
 
 K6K1
 K7‫א‬K2
 K8‫א‬‫א‬K3
 K9‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4
 K10K5
 ‫א‬K11

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

82
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
E‫א‬F‫א‬ -1

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
EkgF‫א‬m
 EN)EG= mgF‫א‬G
 ENF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 ENF‫א‬FBr
 ENF‫א‬‫א‬FSt
 Em/ s2F‫א‬ Amax, a
 Em/ s2FEg= 10 m /s2F‫א‬‫א‬g

 ‫א‬‫א‬ μ o 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
Fst = G.μ o =FBr  
 
G=m.g
 
 
 
 

83
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FBr‫א‬
  
 
F = m . a = FBr  
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
FBr,max = Fst   
 
 W‫א‬
 
 
m . amax = m . g . μo  
 
 W‫א‬
 
 
amax = 9,81 . μo  
 
 W
 
 
amax  9,81 . μo
84
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬ -2

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
F = m . a = FBr
 
 
 W‫א‬
 
 
2
v  
S=
2.a
 
 W‫א‬
 
 

85
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
  WBr = FBr . S 
m . v2  
WBr =
a  
W  
PBr = Br
t  
 
 
 
 W
 EkgF‫א‬m
 Em/ s2F‫א‬a
ENF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
 ENF‫א‬FBr
 EmF‫א‬s
 Em/sF‫א‬v
EjFENmFE‫א‬F‫א‬ WBr
 EWFEN/mF‫א‬PBr
 EsF‫א‬t
 
 

86
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
v s
t= ‫ أو‬t =  
a t
 
 
 ‫א‬–3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FP ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬imech
 EmmF‫א‬‫א‬r , rp
 ENFE‫א‬F‫א‬Fp
 ENF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬V1
 
 
r2  
i
 mech
=  
r1
  
Fp
i mech =  
F1
 
 

87
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬i mech
 ‫א‬‫א‬ i hydr
 ‫א‬‫א‬i
 EmmF‫א‬‫א‬r1 , rp
 ENF‫א‬‫א‬Fp
 ENF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F1
 ENFEF2 = FsF‫א‬Fs
 Ecm2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A1
 Ecm2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2
 EN/mm2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬p
 EmmF‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d1
 EfrontF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬df
 ErearF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬dr
 
 
F  
i hydr = 1  
Fs
A  
i hydr = 1
A2
F  
P= 1
A  
 
 
 

88
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
i = i mech .i hydr  
F  
i= P
FS
 
 
 
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2.π.d 2
 A = ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
4
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2.π.d 2
 A =
4 ‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K38 tW
 W0.65‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
 

89
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  0.65, m = 38000 kgW‫א‬

  a , FBrW‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 
 G = m . g = 38000 kg . 9,81 m/ = 372780 NE
 Fst= FBr = G = 372 780 N . 0,65 = 242307 N
FBr 242307 kg m /s 2
  a= m = = 6,37 m /s 2 E
38000 kg
 
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
5 ،72 km/h38000 kgW
 W‫א‬m/s2
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
a = 5 m/s2 , v = 72 km/h , m = 38000 kgW‫א‬
  WBrEW‫א‬
 PBrE
 W‫א‬
72
v = 72 km/h = 3,6 = 20m/s (‫أ‬

m.v 2 38000 kg.(20m/s) 2

WBr = = = 7600000 Nm (‫ب‬
2 2

v 20 m/s
t= = 2
= 4s
a 5 m/s

90
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WBr 7600000
  PBr = = = 1900000Nm/s = 1900kW (‫ت‬
t 4s
 
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬1 : 4‫א‬‫א‬W
 K300 N‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1 : 15‫א‬
 .‫א‬W
 
Fp = 300 N, ihydr = 1 : 15 , imech 1 : 4W‫א‬
 
 FsW‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
1 1 1
i=i mech . i hydr = . =
4 15 60
FP 300
Fs = = = 18000N
  i 1
60
 
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
19.05 mm‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬4‫א‬K22.2 mm
 W600 N‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1 : 5‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E

91
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Fp = 600 N , imech = 1 : 5 , d2 = 19.05 mm, d1 = 22.2 mmW‫א‬

ihydrEW‫א‬
pE
  Fs E
 
 W‫א‬
π.d12
A1 = = 0,785 . (22,2mm) 2 = 386,8 mm 2 
4 (‫أ‬

2.π.d 22
A 2 = 4. = 4.2.0,785 . (19,05mm)2 = 2279 mm 2
4
A1 386,8mm 2 1
i hydr = = =
A 2 2279mm 2 5,89
 
FP 600N N N
P= = = 1,55 = 155 =15,5 bar (‫ب‬
A1 386,8 mm 2 mm 2 cm 2

(‫ج‬

FP FP 600N
Fs = = = = 17670N
  i i mech .i hydr 1 1
.
5 5,89

 
 
 
 
 
92
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

93
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K K1
K‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬ K4

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ K1
K K2
K K3
 K K4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

94
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬

 
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

95
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

96
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬

 
 
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

97
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

98
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Braking Pedal Free Travel ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Adjustment
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 

99
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 

100
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
WAir Bleeding‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K 
K 
K 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬

101
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 

102
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 

103
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K 
K 
K 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

104
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 

 
105
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬

 
 
 

106
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

 
‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 
107
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 

‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 
 
 
 
108
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 
 

 ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬
 
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 
 
 

109
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 

110
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 

111
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 
112
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
113
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 

114
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

115
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K 
K 
K 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

116
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 
 

117
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 

118
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 

 
 
 

‫א‬‫א‬
(A.B.S.) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

119
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
Anti-lock Braking System (A.B.S.) ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 12 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 

120
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12

121
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  L2
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L11
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L13
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L14

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L16
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L17
 K‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    L18
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L19
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L20
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L21
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L22
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L23
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L24
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L25
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L26
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L27
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L28
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L29
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L30
 

123
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
Anti-lock Braking System (A.B.S.) ‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ABS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
_12V_‫א‬_5V‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬o
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW‫א‬ o
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 

124
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ABS‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 J3F

 
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 
 ‫א‬E2 J3F
  

W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E9F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3,4,5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KK‫א‬
 
 
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 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E3 J3F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ABS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
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 
 
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‫א‬ABS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J3F
 ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
:Advantages of A.B.S ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬ J5
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–3
 
 
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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127
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J3F
 

K‫א‬‫א‬ J6K‫א‬‫א‬ J1
K J7K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
K J8K‫א‬‫א‬ J3
K‫א‬ J9K J4
K J10K‫א‬‫א‬ J5
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128
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
:Retardation E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

‫א‬ (S )
L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVF
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
L85‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
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129
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

130
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Anti-lock Braking System (A.B.S.) ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
ABS ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫ א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J2

131
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬  J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ABS ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 
 
 
 

132
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬CHASSIS & BODY
‫א‬BRAKE SYSTEM ‫א‬BR 
K Checks and Adjustments ‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
K‫א‬
 
 

133
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  

134
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Air Braking System‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 30 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
  

135
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12

 

136
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
    ‫א‬   ‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  L2
K‫א‬‫א‬
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   L3
K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L7

  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L9

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 

 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L11
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L13
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L14
 
 
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137
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L16
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬L17
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    L18
 
 K
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L19
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L 20
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L 21
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L22
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L23
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L24
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L25
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L26
   K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L27
 
 K‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L28
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L29
 
K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬L30
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138
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 Air Braking System‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬7 5 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬    ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
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 
 
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 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 J4F
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139
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J4F
 
 ‫א‬ J2     ‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4      J3
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6    ‫א‬ J5
F‫א‬‫א‬ J8  E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 E‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J10   ‫א‬‫א‬ J9
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140
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E3 J4F
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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141
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬E4 J4F

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

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142
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J4F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6 J4F
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143
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7 J4F
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J4F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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144
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬ J3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E9 J4F
 

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10 J4F
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145
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11 J4F
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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146
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12 J4F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13 J4F
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147
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
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 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14 J4F
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 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15 J4F
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148
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16 J4F
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149
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J7
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E17 J4F
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
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150
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18 J4F
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19 J4F

151
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20 J4F
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21 J4F
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W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

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152
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22 J4F
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 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
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153
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WAIR PUMOP‫א‬‫א‬EF K1
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‫ﺿﺎﻏﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻬﻮاء‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E23 J4F
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W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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154
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24 J4F
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W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

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155
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E25 J4F
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156
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 {26K1
 ‫א‬K27‫א‬K2
 ‫א‬K28K3
 ‫א‬‫א‬K29‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬‫א‬K30‫א‬K5
 ‫א‬K31‫א‬K6
 K32K7
 ‫א‬K33K8
 K34K9
 K35K10
 K36K11
 K37K12
 K38K13
 ‫א‬K39K14
 K15
 K16
 K17
 K18
 K19
 K20
 K21
 K22
 K23
 K24
 ‫א‬K25
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157
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 WAIR DRIER ‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K   180 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ، 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ALCOHOL INJECTOR ‫א‬ K3
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E27 J4F
 
 

159
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬  ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

160
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E28 J4F

‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

161
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E29 J4F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KK
 
 
 
 
 
 

162
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
WFlexible Membrane
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 (Air Seal)K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E30 J4F
 

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31 J4F
 
 

163
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
WPressure Arm ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32 J4F
 ‫א‬‫א‬



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E33 J4F

164
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

WControl Valve‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬E34 J4F
 
 
 

165
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E35 J4F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KL1, L2 ‫א‬KA
‫א‬K P2,P1‫א‬‫א‬KB
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K S1‫א‬‫א‬KC
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KS2‫א‬‫א‬KD
‫א‬‫א‬K V2,V ‫א‬‫א‬KF
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KR F‫א‬
 
 

166
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E36 J4F
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167
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E37 J4F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K9K1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K10K2
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K11K3
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KD‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬‫א‬KP‫א‬K5
 KVa‫א‬‫א‬K6
 ‫א‬KM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K7
 E،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K8
 ‫א‬KH2‫א‬‫א‬KH1
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168
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
S2S1‫א‬Vp‫א‬E38 J4F
 Ve‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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169
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gr ‫א‬‫א‬E39 J4F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬KC
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KA
 ‫א‬‫א‬KVm
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KVn
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K7
 ‫א‬K9
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170
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

:Retarder E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

171
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 W
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

: Hydraulic Braking System with a Hydraulic  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Pump
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

172
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E40 J4F
 ‫א‬‫א‬K9K1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K10‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2
 ‫א‬‫א‬K11K3
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K12‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬K13K5
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K14‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
K15‫א‬K7
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K8

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E41 J4F
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 
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174
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

175
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

‫א‬E42 J4F
 ‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5‫א‬‫א‬K1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6‫א‬K2
‫א‬‫א‬K7K3
 ‫א‬
‫א‬K8‫א‬‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬
 
 

176
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
E6F‫א‬E7F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E5F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E8F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E4F‫א‬‫א‬
 E1F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F
 KE‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E43 J4F
 

177
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E44 J4F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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178
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E45 J4F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬
 
 
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

179
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 

180
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 

181
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬

 K‫א‬ J2K‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬ J4K‫א‬‫א‬ J3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J6K‫א‬‫א‬ J5
K‫א‬ J8K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J7
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J10KE‫א‬F‫א‬ J9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J12K‫א‬‫א‬ J11
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J13

182
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

183
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 

184
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

185
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESafety ValvesF
K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

186
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 ‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 

187
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

188
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬
 
 
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬  ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

189
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.‫א‬
 
 

 
 
 
 

190
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

191
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬
KK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


 
 

192
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

193
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

194
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

195
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 

196
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

197
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

198
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 24 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–EF 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬

199
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
K
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
 

200
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
   K‫א‬

   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬L4
 
 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L9
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬L13
   K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 

201
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L14
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L16
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L17
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L19
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L20
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬L21
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L22
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L23
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L24
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L25

202
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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203
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬F ‫اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 

‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ذراع‬ ‫ﻗﻀﻴﺐ اﻷﺛﺮ‬ ‫ذراع ﺑﺘﻤﺎن‬ ‫ذراع‬

‫اﻟﻌﺠﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺠﻞ‬

‫أذرع اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬

‫א‬E1 J5F

: ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬    
K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬        ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬K‫א‬

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

205
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

W‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 E‫א‬F   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
K ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬     ‫א‬    K‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، 
     ‫א‬‫א‬
        ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K2
  ‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫?א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K?‫א‬‫א‬

206
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ،،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KACKERMANN‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
E‫א‬F‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬،KE‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 15 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬، 20‫א‬ ‫א‬
35‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 15‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
15‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
90 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،E
 20‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K17‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬      
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

‫اﻷﻧﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻮد‬
‫اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻮي‬

‫وﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻧﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺎﻧﻊ زﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎي‬

‫ﻋﻤﻮد اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 J5F
 

209
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J5F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

210
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
6 3‫א‬K º 70 60‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K 1 W20   1:18    
   ‫א‬  K   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  { ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬      ، ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
K   ‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬       ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
  

213
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K 
 
 
 

 
‫ﻋﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﻘﻴﺎدﻩ‬  
 
‫ذراع اﻟﻘﻴﺎدة‬
‫ﺗﺮس ﺑﻨﻴﻮن‬  
 

‫اﻟﺠﺮﻳﺪة اﻟﻤﺴﻨﻨﺔ‬
‫ذراع اﻟﻌﺠﻞ‬

‫ذراع اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6 J5F
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

214
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬ K1
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
  K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
  K‫א‬ K5
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K6
  K‫א‬ K7
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K8

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 
‫א‬   ‫א‬   E‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E7 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E8 J5F
 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E10 J5F
 
 
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 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
.‫ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E11 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
           ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E12 J5F
 

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

220
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   K‫א‬     ‫א‬   
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   K ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E13 J5F
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬E14 J5F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
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 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15 J5F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16 J5F
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 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫ א‬K3
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

227
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -1

K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬i
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬α
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬β
 {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬b
 EmmF‫א‬d 
 EmmF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬w
 EmmF‫א‬‫א‬L 
 
 

228
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -2

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ αW
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n 
 ‫א‬‫א‬δ
 {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬β1t
 {‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬α1t
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬it
 
 
 
 
 

229
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬ -3

 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
W
 Em)‫א‬lB
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬γ 
 Em)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬D
 Em)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d
 ‫א‬‫א‬X
 Em)‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬rdynW
 E2 K FZ‫א‬
 
 
 
 

230
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–4
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬i1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬iE
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬α
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬α1t
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ β1t
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،camber angle‫א‬‫א‬wheel track‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬spreading or inclination ( king pin angle )K‫א‬‫א‬
 caster
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

231
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬*
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬3.5‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

232
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2.8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 

 
 

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 D = 23.2 m, d = 20 m , rdyn = 304 mm
 
 W‫א‬
 
 γZ 90° ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 

233
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬F

 

 
 
 E‫א‬F


 
 
 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

234
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

235
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬K1
،‫א‬     ‫א‬      
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،E‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬    
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬ E1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E2
K‫א‬ E3
K‫א‬ E4
K‫א‬ E5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E6
K‫א‬‫א‬ E7

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬K2
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬ K

 ‫א‬ K

K‫א‬‫א‬ K

K‫א‬ K

K‫א‬‫א‬ K
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬K3
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WK5
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬      ‫א‬   
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

238
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E2
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E3
K‫א‬ E4
K‫א‬‫א‬ E5
K‫א‬‫א‬ E6
K‫א‬‫ א‬E7
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬        ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬ K6
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K7
W‫א‬‫א‬K7
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،   ‫א‬       ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
 

239
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬K8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬K9
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬K10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(b)‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F(b)‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E17–5F
 
 
 

240
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K(b)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18–5F
 
 
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

241
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

242
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬ K3
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .4
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E19–5F

 
 

243
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
 

 ‫א‬E20–5F

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

244
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
K K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21–5F
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K1
‫א‬ .2
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E22–5F
 
 
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

246
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

247
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E23–5F
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 

248
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E24–5F
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

249
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E25–5F
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬
 
 
 
 

250
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E26–5F
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 

 

251
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27–5F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E28–5F
 
 

252
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E29–5F
 ‫א‬
 

    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E30–5F

253
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31–5F

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32–5F

254
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E33–5F
 
 

 W‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

255
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 

256
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬E34–5F
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

257
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،   
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E35–5F
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K9
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K10

258
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

259
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

260
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ .2
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬ K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K9
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K10

 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

261
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E36–5F
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K11

 ‫א‬‫א‬E37–5F
 
 
 

262
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E38–5F
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K13

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E39–5F
 

263
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K14
K‫א‬ K15
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K16

 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬E40–5F
 

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

264
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
W‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E41–5F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
W‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E42–5F

265
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

266
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KW
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K4
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K2
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬31‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
 K‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

267
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J

K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E43–5F
 
 

268
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬45‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E44–5F
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 

269
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E45–5F
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

270
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫ א‬K4
K‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K K7
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K9
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K10
K
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K3
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

271
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

 E46–5F
 
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K8
K‫א‬‫א‬ K9
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K10
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K11
 
 
 
 

272
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

 

273
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 24 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–EF 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 

274
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L9
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬
 
   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬L4
 
 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
   K‫א‬‫א‬

 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L9
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L12
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬L13
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L 
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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L14
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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L16
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L17
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L19
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L20
   K‫א‬
   K‫א‬‫א‬L21
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L22
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L23
 
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L24
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ K‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    K‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
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 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 J6F
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 

278
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K  ‫א‬       
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬    
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J6F
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬   K   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 J6F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

280
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 
 
 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J6F
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J6F

281
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬، K1
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬، K2
 
‫א‬ 
  
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
:‫ اﻟﻴﺎﻳﺎت اﻟﺤﻠﺰوﻧﻴﺔ‬/‫ﻻ‬
ً ‫أو‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

282
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
 E6 J6F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7 J6F
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K K1
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،   ‫א‬   K2
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3

283
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

.‫א‬‫א‬ .4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬ 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J6F
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 E9 J6F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 WE‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬L 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬         ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬      K   ‫א‬ EF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E10 J6F
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E11 J6F
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E12 J6F
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13 J6F
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E14 J6F

287
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

288
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
W‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15 J2F
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

289
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
KE‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

290
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

291
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  W‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
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 

292
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
‫א‬ K4

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

293
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{{
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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294
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F1‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬{E‫א‬F1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

295
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 

296
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    14 { 11 { 9 {7   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 ‫א‬‫א‬    E  F    ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ E ‫א‬ ‫א‬ F        ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬K{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

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297
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬  J1
KE‫א‬F  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬  J3
KE‫א‬F‫א‬  J4
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J6
 
 
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 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

298
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
       E ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  {‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
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299
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 
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 
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 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ K2
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
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 W‫א‬W
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‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 F   E ‫א‬  ‫א‬  F      ‫א‬  
‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    E  ‫א‬
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 K

300
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

301
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 

302
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J1
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬
 

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬  J1
K‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬  J4
K‫א‬  J5
 
 
 
 

 

303
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬ K2
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
   {       ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
‫א‬ K5
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬ K5
 

304
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ K1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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305
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
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 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J6
K‫א‬‫א‬  J7
 
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306
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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307
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EIF‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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 ‫א‬‫ א‬B ‫א‬‫ א‬A
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EIF
 W
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
 
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309
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

310
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J1
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3
 K‫א‬‫ א‬ J4
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

311
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EKKKKKKKK‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
 W‫א‬
KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J3

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬

312
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

313
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

314
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 15 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–EF 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 

315
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 K‫א‬‫א‬L8
‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬    L9
K
 K‫א‬‫א‬L10
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L12
 

316
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L1
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L2
 K‫א‬
 
   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L3
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬L4
 
 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L5
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L6
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L7
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L8
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
   K‫א‬‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L9
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L10
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L11
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  L12
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 L13
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
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317
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L   
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L14
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L15
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L16
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L17
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L18
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L19
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L20
   K‫א‬
   K‫א‬‫א‬L21
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L22
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L23
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬L24

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   

  

318
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬  
   ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
  ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  K5
‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬
 
 

319
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 J7F
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

320
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2 J7F
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 
 
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 J7F

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
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321
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J7F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬
       ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬ K‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K

‫א‬ K

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K
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322
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬E5 J7F

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬ K4
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
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323
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
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 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E6 J7F
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 

W‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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324
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7 J7F
 
،   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K

K ‫א‬ K

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K
 
 
 

325
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J7F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 

 

326
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W 
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 
W 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   E‫א‬F ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 

 

 
‫א‬‫א‬E9 J7F

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 

327
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
–   ‫א‬     ‫א‬   K ‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬      ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E10 J7F
 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
 
 
 
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328
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
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 
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 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E11 J7F
 
W 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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329
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬  E‫א‬F ‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E12 J7F
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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330
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    K ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬      K  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬E13 J7F

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E14 J7F
 
 

332
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15 J7F
 ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16 J7F
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

333
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17 J7F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫ א‬K6
K‫א‬ K7
K‫א‬‫א‬ K8

334
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫ א‬K4
K‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
K‫א‬‫א‬ K8
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K9
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬E18 J3F

335
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫א‬ K4
K ‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K6
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7
 K‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
     ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ،  ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K1
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K2
K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K4
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C ‫א‬‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19 J7F
 ‫א‬

337
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬E20 J7F
 
 ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬       ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 E‫א‬F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
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   
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 ‫א‬E21 J7F
 

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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339
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬          ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬      
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬180‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22 J7F
 ‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

340
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23 J7F
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬           ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 
 
 

341
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  ‫א‬E24 J7F
 
 
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

342
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬60km/h‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  = 1799 r.p.m W
 
 
U dyn = 2. π . rdyn  
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬X‫א‬‫א‬Z‫א‬
 
 
v = 2. π . rdyn . n A  
 
 W

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ n A
m
r.p.m n A E ‫ أو‬Fmm  rdyn ‫א‬‫א‬
1000
1
 E ‫ أو‬F
60. s
3,6 . 2 . π . rdyn . n A  
v=
1000 . 60  
 

343
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

m
 WE3,6 km/hF (1 ) 
s
 
 
3,6 . 2 . π . rdyn . n A  km  3,77 . rdyn . n A  km   
v=  =  
1000 . 60  h  10000  h   
60.1000.v 10000.v
nA = r.p.m = r.p.m
3,6 . 2 . π . rdyn 3,77.rdyn

60 . 1000 . v 10000 . v
rdyn =  mm  =  mm 
3,6 . 2 . π . n A 3,77 . n A

3,6 . 2 . π
= 3,77
6

 W
‫א‬K rdyn = 304 mm ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ n A =800r.p.m ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  n A= 800 r.p.m , rdyn = 304mm W‫א‬
 v= ? km/h  W‫א‬
 W‫א‬
3,6 . 2 . π . rdyn . n A 3,6 . 2 . π . 304 . 800
v= = = 91,7km/h
1000.60 1000.60


 

344
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K175/70 HR 13‫א‬
 K190km/h
U dyn =1760mm 175/70 HR 13‫א‬W‫א‬
  v=190km/h 
 
  nA = ? r.p.m W‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
60 . 1000 . v 60 . 1000 . v 60 . 1000 . 190
n =
  A 3,6 . 2 . π . r
= =
dyn 3,6 . U dyn 3,6 . 1760 
 = 1799 r.p.m
 
 
 
 

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

345
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 
 

346
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
 
 

347
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

{‫א‬{‫א‬{‫א‬{{‫א‬{‫א‬{‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬

 W
E225 / 50 R 16 92 VF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 
 ‫א‬W225

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W50

 ‫א‬W B‫א‬EF‫א‬W R

 ‫א‬W16

 E1‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬W92

 E2‫א‬F‫א‬WV
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬Passenger)‫א‬‫א‬PP 155 / 80 R – 13
 E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C
 
 
 
 
 

348
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 EF  EF  EF  EF
 670  94  487  83 355 72 257  61
 390  95  500  84 365 73 265  62
 710  96  515  85 375 74 272  63
 730  97  530  86 387 75 280  64
 750  98  545  87 400 76 290  65
 775  99  560  88 412 77 300  66
 800  100  580  89 425 78 307  67
 825  101  590  90 437 79 315  68
 850  102  615  91 450 80 325  69
 875  103  630  92 462 81 335  70
 900  104  650  93 475 82 345  71
 ‫א‬‫א‬E1F
 
ELF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 160 Q
 170 R
 180 S
 190 T
 200 U
 210 H
 240 V
 270 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬E2F
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

349
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬K1
.‫ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ أو اﻟﺸﻘﻮق ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺟﺴﺎم ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬.2
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬W 
‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ K1
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1
K K2
K‫א‬ K3
K‫א‬‫ א‬K4
W‫א‬‫א‬ K5
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 
 
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

352
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬KKK
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K1
 K‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬K3
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K3
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 

353
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬{ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬
 
 W ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K3
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K4
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K6
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬K7
 

 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬
 
 

354
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
4 5
 
 
 
2
 
 
1  
3
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
  J1
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J2
 ‫א‬ J3
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J4
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J5
 
 

355
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K 
K‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
K‫א‬ 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬{K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬5000
 E‫א‬F‫א‬

356
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

357
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

      ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 
 
 
W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

358
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K1979‫א‬‫א‬ J  –‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬
 K1979‫א‬‫א‬ J   J‫א‬
 ‫–א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ {‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬
 K2000{‫א‬‫א‬  
{
  1979{‫א‬‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬
 K
L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬W
  ‫א‬
KW‫א‬L‫א‬
 K
 W  K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 1986‫א‬‫א‬––
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬، ––‫א‬K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬ K1986‫א‬‫א‬
   

359
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Jack Erjavec , Automotive Technology 3ed ,Delmar, 1999

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