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  • PhaseBehaviorofPureFluids PartII

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    dinesh
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    The document discusses phase equilibrium and vapor-liquid equilibrium of pure fluids. It explains that mechanical stability requires the derivative of pressure with respect to volume at constant temperature to be negative. It also discusses determining vapor pressure at a given temperature using Maxwell's rule and the condition that the Gibbs free energy of the vapor and liquid phases must be equal at equilibrium. Finally, it introduces concepts like binodal and spinodal curves that define the stable, metastable and unstable regions in the phase diagram of a fluid.

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    PhaseBehaviorofPureFluids_PartII

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    The document discusses phase equilibrium and vapor-liquid equilibrium of pure fluids. It explains that mechanical stability requires the derivative of pressure with respect to volume at constant temperature to be negative. It also discusses determining vapor pressure at a given temperature using Maxwell's rule and the condition that the Gibbs free energy of the vapor and liquid phases must be equal at equilibrium. Finally, it introduces concepts like binodal and spinodal curves that define the stable, metastable and unstable regions in the phase diagram of a fluid.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    7 views13 pages

    PhaseBehaviorofPureFluids PartII

    Uploaded by

    dinesh
    The document discusses phase equilibrium and vapor-liquid equilibrium of pure fluids. It explains that mechanical stability requires the derivative of pressure with respect to volume at constant temperature to be negative. It also discusses determining vapor pressure at a given temperature using Maxwell's rule and the condition that the Gibbs free energy of the vapor and liquid phases must be equal at equilibrium. Finally, it introduces concepts like binodal and spinodal curves that define the stable, metastable and unstable regions in the phase diagram of a fluid.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 13

    Phase Behavior of Pure Fluids

    BT2061: Biochemical Thermodynamics

    M. Hamsa Priya

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 1 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    P − V diagram and Stability


    Mechanical stability condition:
     
    ∂P
    <0
    ∂V T

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 2 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
    The 3 roots of van der Waals equation:
    Liquid volume
    Vapor volume
    One value in the unstable region

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 3 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
    Maxwell’s rule or Lever rule:
    V = ω V VV + ω L VL

    V − VL VV − V
    ωV = ; ω L
    = 1 − ω V
    =
    VV − VL VV − VL

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 4 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium

    How to determine the isobar signifying Vapour-liquid equilibrium?


    In otherwords, how to determine the vapour pressure at a given T for
    a vdW fluid?

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 5 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
    Recollect the conditions of equilibrium
    TI = TII
    PI = PII
    GI = GII

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 6 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
    How to determine the isobar signifying Vapour-liquid equilibrium?
    The condition Z
    V L
    G = G =⇒ VdP = 0

    This implies area of region I = area of region II

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 7 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 8 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Water Vaporization

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 9 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 10 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium

    Binodal and Spinodal Curves

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 11 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
    Stable, Metastable and unstable regions

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 12 / 13


    Phase Equilibrium – P-V diagram

    Phase Equilibrium

    M. Hamsa Priya BT2061:Phase Equilibrium 13 / 13

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