Tourist Motivation in Visiting Corregidor's Attributes

TOURIST’S MOTIVATION IN VISITING CORREGIDOR ISLAND’S ATTRIBUTES
Jaydee C. Coladilla
Yeeun D. Kim
MaryJean C. Martinez
Southern Luzon State University
College of Business Administration
December 2018
ii
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Name : Jaydee C. Coladilla
Birth Date: August 1, 1998
Birthplace : Paete, Laguna
Permanent Address : P.Madriñan Street. Brgy Maytoong
Paete Laguna
Contact Number : 09213168682
Email Address : jaydee.coladilla@gmail.com
Educational Background:
School/ University Inclusive Year
Paete Elementary School 2005-2011
Poten and Eliseo M. Quesada Memorial 2011-2015
National High School
Southern Luzon State University 2015-Present
Academic Affiliation
Management and Restaurateur Quintessentially Unified in Soaring Excellence
( MARQUISE)
Member, 2015-Present
iii
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Name: Yeeun D. Kim
Birthday: March 25, 1998
Birth place: Seoul, South Korea
Permanent Address: 28 Juan de Placencia St. Lucban Quezon
Contact Number: 09457820642
Email Address: Yeeunkim66@Yahoo.com
School / University Inclusive Year
Dong-beak Elementary School 2005- 2009
Southern Luzon State University 2015 up to present
Lucban Academy High school 2011-2015
Academic Afflication:
( MARQUISE)
iv
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Name: MaryJean C. Martinez
Birthdate: June 17, 1998
Birthplace: Lucena City
Permanent Address: 4 Intr. Marcos Tigla Street Lucban, Quezon
Contact Number: 09153480942
Email Address: maryjean0617@gmail.com
School/University Inclusive Years
Paaralang Elementarya ng Lucban-3A 2005-2011
Paaralang Sekundarya ng Lucban 2011-2015
Southern Luzon State University 2015-present
Academic Affiliations:
( MARQUISE)
v
Program/Project Planning and

Administrative Support
CERTIFICATION OF AUTHENTICITY FROM ADVISER
This is to certify that the undersigned has thoroughly reviewed the accompanying
submissions in the form of soft and hard copy of the work entitled Tourist’s Motivation
in Visiting Corregidor Island’s Attributes by Jaydee C. Coladilla, Yeeun D. Kim and
MaryJean C. Martinez and that as far as my knowledge, the hard and soft copies are one
and the same.

vi
APPROVAL SHEET
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in
Hotel and Restaurant Management, this research paper entitled, Tourist’s Motivation
in Visiting Corregidor Island’s Attributes, has been prepared and submitted by Jaydee
C. Coladilla, MaryJean C. Martinez and Yeeun D. Kim , who is hereby recommended
for oral examination.
Research Adviser
Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Bachelor of Science in Hotel and
Restaurant Management, by the oral examination committee.

vii
DEDICATION
I would like to extend my most heartfelt gratitude to the people who believed in me all
throughout my journey, To my parents Tatay Jester and Nanay Edith, thank you
for giving me courage and dauntless for everyday life specially to financial
issue; Tatay Joey, Kuya Jerwin for believing in me. To my siblings
Maria Lourdes and Majed Coladilla for giving me love. To my
thesis partners, MaryJean Martinez and Yeeun Kim.
Especially MY SON, ART
JHUDIEL I love you and this is for
you Son,love Mommy
JD
JCC
viii
DEDICATION
I dedicate my thesis work to my family and many friends. A special feeling of gratitude
to my loving parents, Rosallie D. Kim and Sekwan Kim and to my siblings who always
supportby my side, Yejin and Yohan. And my endless gratitude goes to god
almighty who keptme alive all through out my university day to this
moment in my life. I am thankful togod that he blessed me with
a family who loves me so dearly, with friends who
inspire and support me, I really could
not ask for anything more.
May his light be
with us .
YDK
ix
DEDICATION
First of all I dedicate this accomplishment to the Almighty God, thank you for always
being there for me, thank you for the strength, guidance, love and knowledge to
finish this research. I dedicate this study wholeheartedly to my beloved parent,
Papa Marlon and to my brother and sister Mark and Christalyn for
pushing me that I can finish this research and my relatives and
cousins who continually provide their support
I want to thank my thesis adviser
Sir Sherwin Pernia
and my thesis
mates.
MJCM
x
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to extend their deepest and sincerest gratitude to the
following persons who have shared their time, wisdom and effort in the accomplishment
of this research.
MR. SHERWIN R. PERNIA , research adviser, for willingly giving his extra
time and effort to provide necessary suggestions for the improvement of the study;
MR.ANGELO SHAN E. MENDOZA, MS. MANILYN G. ZUBIETA and
MS. CLAIRE ANN M.YAO, the panel and chairperson, for giving their honest opinions
and suggestion to make the study better;
Dr. JOANNA PAULA A. ELLAGA, dean of College and Business
Administration, to conduct the study;
RESPONDENTS, for taking time answering the questionnaire given by the
researchers;
PARENTS, relatives, brother and sister, who gave their knowledge and
support to the researchers while making their study;
Friends, classmates and other people around them who willingly help and
suggest that help us improve our work;
And most of all, THE ALMIGHTY GOD, for the endless guidance, strength,
skills and wisdom that He gave us to make this research successful
JCC,YDK,MJCM
xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page i
Biographical Sketch ii
Certificate of Originality v
Approval Sheet vi
Dedication vii
Acknowledgement x
Table of Contents xi
List of Tables xiii
List of Figures xvi
List of Appendices xvii
Abstract xviii
Chapter 1 Introduction
Background of the Study 3
Objectives 4
Significance of the Study 6
Scope and Limitation 7
Definition of Terms 8
Chapter II Review of the Literature
Related Literature and Study 10
Conceptual Paradigm 29
xii
Hypothesis 30
Chapter III Methodology
Research Locale 31
Research Design 32
Respondents of the Study 32
Research Instrument 33
Data Gathering Procedure 34
Statistical Treatment 35
Chapter IV Results and Discussions
Tourist’s Profile 38
Destination Attributes 45
Tourist’s Motivation 61
Summary of Tables 66
Difference of Motivation when grouped according
to their profile 68
Relationship of Destination Attributes and Tourists Motivation 69
Chapter V Summary, Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary 70
Findings 71
Conclusions 73
Recommendations 74
References Cited 75
Appendices 78
xiii
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
1.1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution
of the Respondents in terms of Age 38
of the Respondents in terms of Gender 39
of the Respondents in terms of Occupation 40
1.4 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents
in terms of Highest Educational Attainment 41
of the Respondents in terms of Civil Status 42
1.6 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents
in terms of Travel Characteristic: Place of Origin 43
of the Respondents in terms of Frequency of Visit 44
1.8 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the
Respondents in terms of Travel Characteristic: Length of Stay 45
2.1 Destination Attributes in terms of Travel Environment
in Corregidor Island 45
2.2 Destination Attributes in terms of Natural Attraction
2.3 Destination Attributes in terms of Entertainment

xiv
and Events in Corregidor Island 49
2.4 Destination Attributes in terms of Historic Attraction
in Corregidor Island ` 51
2.5 Destination Attributes in terms of Infrastructure
2.6 Destination Attributes in terms of Accessibility
2.7 Destination Attributes in terms of Relaxation
2.8 Destination Attributes in terms of Outdoor Activities
2.9 Destination Attributes in terms of Price and Value
3.1 Tourist Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island
in terms of Physical Motivation 61
3.2 Tourist Motivation in terms of Social Motivation 62
3.3 Tourist Motivation in terms of Psychological Motivation 63
3.4.1 Tourist Motivation in terms of Emotional Motivation 63
3.4.2 Tourist Motivation in terms of Intellectual Motivation 64
3.4.3 Tourist Motivation in terms of Spiritual Motivation 65
3.4.4 Summary of Tables 66
3.4.5 Summary of Tables 67
4.1 Differences of Motivation When Grouped according to their profile 68

xv
5.1 Significant Relationship between Destination attributes
and Tourist motivation 70

xvi
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
1 Conceptual Paradigm 29
2 Location Map 31
xvii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
PAGE
A Letter for Questionnaire Psychological Critic 79
B Letter for Validation 80
C Letter for Questionnaire Language Critic 81
D Letter to Adviser 82
E Letter for Dean 83
F Letter for Anti-Plagiarism 84
G Letter for Respondents 85
H Letter for Statistician 86
I Questionnaire 87
J Reliability Test Result 92
K Pictures 95
Plagiarism Result 96
xvii
i
ABSTRACT
Title: “TOURIST’S MOTIVATION IN VISITING CORREGIDOR
ISLAND’S ATTRIBUTES”
Researchers: Jaydee C. Coladilla
Yeeun D. Kim
MaryJean C. Martinez
Keywords: Destination Attributes, Tourist’s Motivation, Physical Motivation,
Social Motivation, Psychological Motivation, Corregidor Island
This study aims to determine the destination attributes and tourist’s motivation in
visiting a site specifically Corregidor Island. The study also sought to determine the
demographic profile of the tourists in terms of age, sex, civil status, place of origin,
educational attainment, occupation, and length of visit in Corregidor Island; determine
the destination attributes in terms of Travel Environment, Natural Attraction,
Entertainment and Event, Historic Attraction, Infrastructure, Accessibility, Relaxation,
Outdoor Activities, Price and Value. It also sought to determine the motivations of
tourists in terms of physical, social, psychological, emotional, intellectual and spiritual
motivation; determine the difference of motivation as to profile and lastly test the
relationship of destination attributes and tourist’s motivation. To discover the relationship
between destination attributes and tourist’s motivation, descriptive research design using
a quantitative approach through a cross sectional study was applied. The respondents of
this study are 382 tourists who visited Corregidor Island. The said respondents are
xix
randomly chosen. The researchers utilized the correlation method in interpreting the data
gathered. The researchers administer a 4 point likert-scale questionnaire to determine the
relationship between destination attributes and tourist motivation. The result of this study
shows that the age bracket of the respondents who visited Corregidor Island falls under
21-30 years old, in terms of sex, most of the tourists are male, and most of the tourists are
single. Moreover, the tourists are mostly from NCR or nearby areas. Most of the tourists
are students. The purpose of visit is mostly by educational reasons and historical trips;
they visit the location on occasional basis only. For destination attributes, Corregidor can
accommodate different tourists because the features of the place are well developed; all
attributes fall from strongly agree. For tourist’s motivation, the tourists are well
motivated by physical, social, psychological, emotional, intellectual and spiritual
motivators of the destination. Base from the result, there is a high significant relationship
between destination attributes and tourist’s motivation in a destination.

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Tourists have been going to networking due to the development of high
technology. Era and the relationship are very close through E-mail, Facebook and Line.
Numerous telecommunication products are not only developing gradually but also
tourism industries are becoming popular. Tourists are easy to get travel information so
that travel styles become expanded.
Destination attribute is an important concept in tourist motivation (Dobni and
Zinkhan,2010). The most common and widely accepted definition of destination attribute
is the perceptions about a site reflected as associations existing in the memory of the
consumer (Keller, 2008). The central claims that destination attributes are studies of
crucial role in an individual's travel purchase related in decision making. It is theorized
that this occurs because tourists only has limited exposure and experience in a particular
destination he is considering to get to. The decision depends upon the image or the
destination attributes perceived by the decision maker. So to come up with the choice of
travel destination, the best marketing strategy of the tourism industry is to identify what
images associated with his particular destination site. (Leisen, 2001). Attribute is an
important representation of how a destination accommodates tourists that will motivate
them to travel (BAI, 2013).
The motivation behind researching this chosen topic is due to the fact that there
are factors influencing the behavior and decision-making of local tourists in choosing
Corregidor as a destination. Tourists motivation are analysed. The understanding of

3
attributes is defined and the peculiarities of motivation are presented. The main
significance and relationship of the attributes in influencing tourist’s motivation are
summarized (Isaac and Cakmak, 2013). The researchers were inspired from the previous
studies of Rheeanne Alpuerto and Joan Aliwalas from BS HRM 4th year in Southern
Luzon State University about Dark Tourism in Nagcarlan Cemetery last year (2017)
The purpose of this study was to identify the key motivators to visit Corregidor
Island, and other factors that influence tourists to visit such site, to know if the tourists
are knowledgeable enough before and after visiting Corregidor Island, and to determine
the groups that are more drawn to historical locations of death and disaster. Also by
providing more insights for the managers to help gain sustainable development of tourism
in their destination. Corregidor has been one of the Philippines most popular tourist
attractions, and was opened to the public in the late 1960's. Not everyone visits it because
they know its history, they have heard of it being historic, but they know nothing of
“why”. In the 1970's it was very popular for its day trips available for tourists, and it was
second in popularity to Pagsanjan Falls since it was packaged as a day trip to "Historic
Corregidor". (Whitman,2018)
Background of the Study
The primary reason tourist comes to a particular local area such as Corregidor
Island is to understand the suffering of the people and to know what happen in the past
years. Attractions are considered the gravitational core of a destination; they draw tourists
to the destination by building a motive for tourists to travel (Julie A. Avery, 2009).
4
The 546-hectare Corregidor island is considered “one of the most dramatic and
historical landmarks in the Pacific” during World War II. Corregidor Island is one of the
provinces in Cavite City that attract significant number of tourist annually. The town is
blessed with many attractions both natural and man-made, its historic and cultural
destination, events, foods and more. But nowadays, Corregidor Island has one big
problem, the tourist visits are dramatically decreasing as years passed. With the mere
51,000 tourists last 2017.
As tourist, understanding and knowing the dissimilar factors influencing the
behavior of place is difficult because tourist or travellers exhibit not only marked
differences according to preference and behavior but they also differ with respect to
experience, religions and others. They may also become aware of behavior differently as
they have different sets of value. Not all people are interested in engaging themselves
Corregidor Island.
However, Corregidor Island today has so much more to offer than just a place to
contemplate and learn the patriotism and history of Filipinos, it is also the best place to
have a break and relax. There are various activities you can do. One of the highlights in
visiting Corregidor Island is the Malinta Tunnel by giving tourists audio visual of the
events occurred in World War II, even the departure of Gen. MacArthur and President
Quezon from Corregidor Island to Australia.
Because of the widespread of tourism and increase of tourists: They can be
anybody given that tourism attractions are multi-faceted (2007, Yuille), this thesis will
serve as key for other motivations of tourists and wants to find out if the attributes of
5
Corregidor Island match the motivations of tourists. To help increase the tourists’
awareness of the destination, thus increase tourists arrival.
To identify what motivates tourists to visit sites of death and disaster specifically
Corregidor Island; in order to understand better visitor behavior at such sites. Also to
provide site managers or marketers with more general information that would help them
in better site management and visitor experiences. Because Corregidor Inc. management
only stuff the visitors on Sun Cruises, they must take the package tour, pay the room rate
and there's no alternative options available for tourists which is a huge problem for them.
(Harbour,2018)
Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to familiarize the researchers and the readers
about what motivated tourists to visit Corregidor Island, Cavite City and the attributes of
the place.
Specifically, this study was pursued to meet the following objectives:
1. To determine the tourists profile in term of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Place of Origin
1.4 Educational Attainment
1.5 Occupation
1.6 Length of Visit to Corregidor Island
2. To find out the destination attributes of Corregidor Island in terms of:

6
2.1 Travel Environment
2.2 Natural Attraction
2.3 Entertainment and Event
2.4 Historic Attraction
2.5 Infrastructure
2.6 Accessibility
2.7 Relaxation
2.8 Outdoor Activities
2.9 Price and Value
3. To identify the tourist motivation in visiting Corregidor island in terms of:
3.1 Physical motivation
3.2 Social motivation
3.3 Psychological motivation
3.4 Emotional, Intellectual and Spiritual motivation
4. Determine the difference of motivation as to profile
5. Test the relationship of destination attributes and tourists’ motivation
Significance of the study
This research will be helpful in providing knowledge and better understanding of
the destination attributes of Corregidor Island to different people and provides
information regarding tourist’s motivation in visiting this tourist spot. This will add as an
existing study for few literatures about Corregidor Island and will help increase the
numbers of research about its attributes in modern times.

7
The researchers expecting that the result of this study would be much significance
to the following:
For the Tourists, this will help them to be informed more about destination
attributes and tourists motivation. This study will help the tourist to be educated to visit
Corregidor Island and they can give reviews about what experience they have.
Furthermore, this study would help tourist notice what motivates them to visit Corregidor
Island.
For the Local Government Unit (LGU) and Tourism Office, this study will give
perceptions regarding on the tourist needs about the tourism experience in Corregidor
Island, Cavite City. It will also give some ideas for them how to manage the tourist
attraction to attract in Corregidor Island that would there for prioritize the needs and
wants of tourist. Thus, will be beneficial in maintaining and maximizing tourist arrival
and promoting a safe and satisfying travel for each prospected tourist.
For the Tourist Spot Management, so they would be aware on the perception of
the tourist on the service of tourism experience that they offer and would give an idea to
continuously give quality service and improve the services they offer to achieve the
ultimate level of tourist attraction.
For the HRM and Tourism Students, this would not only help them fulfill one of
the requirements in their chosen course but they would be able to know the importance of
sharing the tourism experience to others. Also this would be help them as a reference for
their academic study.

8
For the researchers and future researchers, this study will serve as reference
and material for future researchers, who want to conduct deeper study of the same field.
It gives more information and data for the researcher.
Scope and Limitation
This study is all about the motivations of tourists in visiting Corregidor Island.
This topic was chosen because the researchers believe that further studies on this subject
can be contribute to better understanding of tourists’ behavior.
This was conducted for those tourists who visited Malinta Tunnel, Pacific War
Memorial, Filipino Heroes Memorial, Spanish Lighthouse, Gun emplacements, Eternal
Flame of Freedom, Aviary and Theme Park, Filipino-American Friendship Park Barracks
ruins, famous tourism sites in Corregidor Island. The researchers used electric mail to
interview tourists that already went to Corregidor.
Former tourism undersecretary and fitness guru Cynthia Lagdameo Carrion,
recently appointed to head the Corregidor Foundation Inc states that there are estimated
51,000 tourists last year (2017). With the use of Slovin’s formula, the respondents of the
study are estimated to be three hundred eighty-two (382) who visited Corregidor Island.
The researchers used purposive sampling in selecting respondents. The survey
was conducted in October 25 to the month of November 5, first semester school year
2018-2019.
The researchers used descriptive method study. This was conducted for those
tourists who visited Corregidor Island. This study is limited only on determining the
destination attributes and tourists’ motivation in visiting Corregidor Island, determine the
9
difference of motivation as to profile and to test the relationship of destination attributes
and tourists’ motivation. A self-structured questionnaire stimulated from the previous
study of Jose Chito A. De Leon Jr. and Glecie Mae R. Guevarra for the respondents will
serve as the instrument to gather data needed for the research.
Definition of term
The researchers defined the terms operationally and conceptually to make this
study more understandable.
Attributes are the traits of the tourist destination that attracts a number of tourists and
Corregidor Island possess different attribute that attracts the tourist. (Grace,2014)
Functional Attributes the attributes that consists in a destination which a tourist can
perceive as observable or measurable (Ecthner 2011).
Intellectual motivations are form of analyzing your life, taking stock of your current
situation and creating a logical reason for motivation, whereas the researchers
believe that even this analyzing exercise is supposed to bring you the emotional
gain of feeling in control.
Psychological Attributes the auras and atmosphere that Corregidor Island provides
to the tourists (Ritchie 2011) .
Psychological motivations are the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-
oriented behaviors .(Yan,2015).
Physical motivation activity that helps in reducing stress or tension through physical
action and the physical attributes of a tourist destinations (Cohen,2014).
Social motivations are the human need to interact with others (Gray 2010)
10
Chapter II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Numerous literature and studies were collected that relates to the problem of the
research. These studies will serve as guide in conducting the study about Tourist’s
Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island’s Attributes in visiting in Corregidor Island.
Destination Attribute
A destination, as a tourism product, should consist the favorable environment that
the tourists look for. Not only that it is safe and accessible but it should also have
uniqueness from other destinations. The destination attribute influences the potential
tourist’s subjective perception and can greatly affect what choice of destination they want
to travel. It is a key component in the positioning process. When the destination is
positioned carefully in the mind process of a tourist, there is a greater chance they will
visit the site because they perceived the uniqueness of that particular destination.
A tourist might want to savor various food or extend their religious beliefs and
visit destinations that are known for their cuisine such as Philippines or Muslims visiting
Mecca (Smith, et.al. 2010,). Tourists might also be swayed by the particular weather
conditions in a state or country in relation to temperature, humidity and precipitation
(Wordweb, 2013). Absence or unavailability of general infrastructure in a country such as
the basic facilities for example roads, water, sewage, power lines, services, and
installations or airports may caution tourists to think twice before getting ito a particular
destination (Farlex, 2013).

11
Rajesh (2013) describes the study of Chi,C.G Qing and Qu,H (2208) that
classified attributes into nine aspects: Travel environment (i.e. safe and secure
environment, clean and tidy environment, friendly and helpful local people, tranquil and
restful atmosphere and pleasant weather);Natural attractions (i.e. scenic drive, parks,
lakes, rivers, wildlife, caves and underground formations); Entertainment and Events (i.e.
shows or exhebitions, culutural events and festivals, quality , fun, western music,
nightlife and entertainment); Historic attractions (i.e history and heritage, Vintage
buildings); Infrastructure (i.e. traffic flow and parking information, parking facilities,
access to the area and affordable trolley system); Relaxation ( i.e. spa ,soothing the mind
and refreshing the body spiritual rejuvenation); Outdoor activities (i.e. boating, fishing,
hiking, pick-nicking, camping, and hunting, outdoor recreation and golfing) and Price
and Value (i.e accommodation, good value for money, attractions and activities and good
bargain shopping
Travel Environment
Safety and security was rated the most important factor in selecting a destination
by 54 per cent of people in key overseas markets, ahead of value for money and natural
attractiveness and will support the tourism industry carry on its solid growth. (News Corp
Australia Network,2016)
Safety and security are also vital to providing quality in tourism. Comparing to
any attributes of a place, the success and even the failure of tourism destination relies to
the provision of safe and secure environment. But it is an undeniable fact that safety and
security issues gained a much bigger importance in the last two decades in tourism.
12
Changes in the World during the last two decades were enormous. Terrorist attacks, wars
and natural disasters are only a few reasons why security suddenly decreased its power.
The tourism industry suffered more because of such events.
Moreover, some of these events manifested the vulnerability of tourism both on
global and regional levels (Zimányi,2010). So safety and security in the travel
environment of a destination is vital for tourists and even locals to live in.
Also the impact of natural disasters has been more profound during the last few
years and this can be attributed to the changing weather patterns around the world as well
as the increased number of tourist spots. Currently, more natural reserves that were
inhabitable are now available to draw tourists. This may help develop the local tourism
and lift visitors, it also increases the chance of getting more damage due to natural
disasters. The scale of the damage depends to a large extent on the fury of the natural
disaster (Tourism Embassy ,2014) For this reason, it is important to have a tragedy plan
in place when nature attacks with her wrath. A better choice is to adapt to the change
because natural disasters are inevitable and uncontrollable.
As a tourist, waste affects each water and soil quality and might take away from a
destination’s image if treated improperly. The effective management of liquid and solid
waste — from households and any native industrial processes — is so essential to the
perception of a destination as clean and healthy. No person needs to
stress regarding catching a sickness on his or her journey; a whiff of foul
air will quickly affect a tourist’s perception of even the most stunning destinations. (Booz
& Company,2010)
13
Natural Attraction
Natural attractions are geographical sites that give charm to the business market.
Globally, there are countless kinds of natural attractions – no two natural attractions are
the identical as a result and formed by the distinctive natural forces of the surroundings.
Natural attractions embody deserts, polar regions, rainforests, alpine areas, woodlands,
grasslands, mountains, beaches, swamps, caves, oceans, cliffs, and rivers, also because
the unique living organisms that inhabit those environments (animals, birds, insects, and
plants).(ACS,2018)
Many of those areas are given a standing to guard their surroundings and supply
facilities in order that the general public to enjoy the sights. There are attractions like
caves, waterfalls, seashores and the other scenic read interest that haven't been created by
world. (Paxton,2018) this may be in fossils, rocks and the way the land and natural
options like mountains are influenced.
If a destination contains rare natural formations, like distinctive rock shapes, or is
extremely stunning, or has habitats and species of animals and plants that may solely
exist there, it becomes necessary to guard it. This additionally makes it attainable to
World Heritage website. Cultural sites taking care of the place is extremely necessary.
(SAHO,2011). Nowadays, ‘attractions’ turn natural and artificial beauty of a destination
confusing, whereas many of us come back to go to sites just like the island of Skye for its
natural beauty, they willl get there by walking through artificial ways, and stop at
artificial refreshment areas on the means. The Quirang, as an example typically has
burger vans within the area at the most entrance. Tourists could say the number of true
14
‘natural attractions’ in the world is rapidly diminishing as tourism increases globally
year-on-year (Smith,2018).
Tourists visit natural attractions for many reasons, To enjoy the grandeur of
nature, escape from the pressures of urban life, escape from humanity, explore different
landscapes, experience outdoor adventures in a natural setting, learn about the
environment, and also participate in conserving the environment. Some natural attractions
are close to cities and transport systems whereas others require considerable effort to get
there may be part of the appeal.
Some natural attractions are highly publicized and attract hundreds of thousands
of tourists across the globe each year. Others are hidden treasures identified solely to a
lucky few. Some natural attractions have multiple traveler facilities like accommodation,
target-hunting tours, cafes, retailers and also the like however others have very little or no
development.
However, irrespective of any attraction’s location, popularity, or associated
development, it has to be managed in order that humans don't degrade the natural
ecosystems (animals, plants, geology, watercourse systems, etc)that are an intrinsic
element of the attraction and that have taken millions of years to evolve. (ACS,2018)
Entertainment and Event
Events are activities that belong to the cluster of created attractions, which each
destination that plans the roaring development of business ought to have. (Beograd, 2006)
It is a continuous activity that "happens – takes place" once a year, and which promotes
the tourism of a certain destination through the autonomous power atraction of the event
15
itself, and encourages the guests to require direct participation and involvement. In order
to become a part of a tourist destination, events need to attract participants and / or
observers who are not part of the local community (Wiley,2008) Events, as fashionable
and growing development supported business, leisure and business, are public gatherings
of individuals with a specific intent. Their special charm comes part from the restricted
period and natural simplicity, that makes them completely different from permanent
establishments and created attractions. Often, their fame and festivity atmosphere raise
their importance above everyday events (Sad,2002). They may occur in every culture and
community, and a degree of interest in the contemporary society depends on the media
coverage.
Most usually, events have a calming character, with so much less competitive and
business characteristics. Events are one amongst the foremost exciting and quickest
growing kinds of phenomena supported leisure, business and business. Their special
charm comes part from the restricted period and their distinctive nature that creates them
completely different from permanent establishments and created attractions. Often, their
fame and competition atmosphere raises their significance higher than everyday
events.The role of the event is to create a specific atmosphere that characterizes the spirit
of different people, their uniqueness, quality, authenticity, tradition, hospitality, certain
themes and symbolism. (Elsevier,2009.)
Events have existed throughout human history the least bit times and altogether
cultures, and through the last half of the 20th and also the early 21st century have evolved
into event industry with a variety of sectors. (Podgorica, 2009) All events have a direct
social and cultural impact on its participants and sometimes the entire local community.
16
These socio-cultural impacts may be each positive and negative. Positive impacts
include: inflated expertise, revitalization of traditions, forming native or national pride,
confirmatory teams within the community, inflated community participation, introducing
new and difficult ideas and broadening cultural views. The negative effects are mirrored
within the community alienation, community manipulation, a negative image of the
community, improper mass behavior, social disorder and also the loss of attraction.
Events may produce unintentional social consequences, such as abuse, mass misconduct
and increased criminal activity, as well as alcohol and drug addiction (Đorđević, 2011)
Events attract guests, increase the typical consumption and length of keep and
have an effect on recurrent visits of tourists to a specific destination. totally different
events have the power to draw in guests within the low season, that will increase the
usage of capacities and provides further financial gain from business enterprise. The
event is a specific product because it is held usually once a year and has an unusually
strong impact on creating the image of a tourist destination. (Beograd,2011)
Historic Attraction
Recently, visiting of historical place has inflated hugely thanks to the outstanding
development of communication sector. individuals of the many countries, the western
countries specifically, have influenced hugely in business enterprise over the few years.
Personal, religious, and academic are the vital factors for motivating these individuals to
go to the historical place.
First and foremost, some individuals from several places of the planet are visiting
the historical places for refreshing their bodies and minds. These few days travel of an
17
individual not solely refresh their body and mind, however additionally it is cathartic an
enormous quantity of mental pressure from one’s daily monotonous activities. as an
example, it ought to be noted that recent studies by the World Health Organization show
that changes weather are raising the mental strength of the individuals. As will clearly be
seen from this instance travel makes relaxation moreover because it keeps the body
healthy of the individuals. Thus, some people like to visit the different historical places
for their personal satisfaction (Jahangir,2015).
Secondly, it's human inherent that they continuously wish to explore new things,
additionally some want to develop their basic information concerning history by visiting
the historical place. As associate degree example, some individuals, standard historical
places just like the Himalaya in Asian country, are going for exploring and gaining their
information. Although there is a risk to go this traditional place, some people like to visit
this place for educational purposes (Silva,2016). Finally, some people are fond to visit the
different historical places in order to perform religious activities. Millions of individuals
from several components of the planet are viewing their non-secular places. for instance,
every year, many of us are visiting totally different countries particularly in KSA, Nepal,
and Asian nation to determine and do the non-secular connected works. Thus, this
example makes it clear that people are visiting the various places for religious aspects
(Seabra,2016).
In conclusion, after analyzing the above discussions, it is clear that personal
satisfaction, enhance educational knowledge, and religious activities are the main cause
that influence the people to visit the different historical places it's suggested to each
18
government of the countries to open their historical places for the tourists, which can
have brought associate degree vast, quantity of advantages each tourer and host country.
Infrastructure
The development of tourism anywhere very much relies on the development of
appropriate infrastructure, which services the needs of a tourist and encourages
investment in the sector. Infrastructure such as accommodation, restaurants, built-up
attractions, tours and transport are primarily developed by the private sector.
Private investors would be unwilling to invest in tourism facilities, however,
without good airport and road infrastructure and the availability of affordable basic
services such as power, water, sewerage, electricity, health facilities and
telecommunications, which together make tourism investments economically viable
(Karim,2011).
All major hotels and restaurants have had to invest in boreholes as the supply of
piped water is not reliable if not non-existent. The ever-increasing power cuts have also
forced most hotels to rely on generators, which has driven up operational costs. The
various tourism bodies need to continue lobbying government and authorities to develop
and deliver affordable, reliable and sustainable utilities. (Kenya, 2011)
The revitalization of town precincts is also a way of tapping into the tourism
potential of destinations and maximizing the use of existing assets. Precinct re-
development involves the transformation of existing buildings to provide new and
innovative functions. Tourism can offer an attractive new use for a public building,
19
bringing life and vibrancy to the area. Heritage buildings in particular are attractive assets
for a tourism developer, as long as the conversion costs are not too high. (Atherley,2008)
The Government needs to continue investing in development of appropriate
infrastructure to make our tourism industry competitive against other tourist destinations
like Egypt, South Africa and parts of Asia for the international tourism dollar from
overseas destinations, and also deepen our long-term capacity to prosper in an
increasinglyglobal world.
increasingly
Accessibility
Accessibility to travelers attractions is one amongst the vital factors that influence
travelers deciding on the selection of attractions to go to (Boniface & Cooper 2001).
Accessibility will be outlined because the simple planning to traveler attractions by the
supply and quality of travel modes, road networks, attractions facilities like bathrooms
and drinkable and attractions functionalities like open hours and entrance fees within the
field of tourism, accessibility to traveler attractions has not been completely investigated,
though it is sometimes thought of one amongst the powerful factors within the
attractiveness of traveler destinations (Davidson 2010).
Today, there are over one billion international traveler arrivals worldwide per
annum, forecast to rise to one.5 billion per annum by 2020. Growth can return
particularly from developing economies with the rise in disposable incomes of their
populations. Transport is an important element of touristry by definition, providing
connections between regions, domestically and internationally, and connecting
attractions, accommodation and industrial services at destinations. Touristry could be a

20
key part in promoting national and regional economies however it will place pressure on
existing transport services and infrastructure. Cities and regions are long-faced with
gripping seasonal traveler flows whereas delivering adequate transport network
performance (WTO,2016).
The location, capacity, potency and property of transport will so play a big role in
however a destination develops. At the identical time the growing variety of travelers
creates various challenges in terms of transport infrastructure and capability, border
crossing, intermodality, info for travelers and inter-operability of technologies with
touristry service suppliers. (Martinez,2015)
Relaxation
Tourists might travel expertise an amendment in climate and place and learn one
thing new, fancy pleasant scenery, or to understand a lot of regarding the culture of a
destination. Tourists, World Health Organization request break from the strain of day to
day life, devote their vacation to rest and relaxation, refresh themselves. These tourists
like better to keep in some quiet and relaxed destination ideally at a hill resort, beach
resort or island resort. these days tourists undertake varied journey sports activities for
leisure and to refresh themselves when operating exhausting (NIOS 2013).
Tourists may have to flee, relax, to realize relief of physical- and mental tension
and for typical sun lust reasons. Crompton (as cited by Saayman, 2006) .Chang (2007)
indicated that the motives for tour travelers are: relaxation and pleasure, social
relationships, socio-economic factors and socio-psychological wants.

21
The emotional advantages will be delineated because the intangible advantages
received throughout the visit at a destination. These are the extra advantages that a
traveler failed to expect to receive once deciding to travel a destination. These advantages
embody self-development, health and relaxation in addition because the ability of the
destination to supply tourists with new experiences (Chen, 2012).
Outdoor Activities
The growing demand for outdoor adventure tourism activities, and the rapid
growth in associated industry supply, means we need an improved understanding of
outdoor adventure tourists (Pomfret,2014).
Outdoor activities will be assumed to have no spatial or temporal boundaries or
restrictions. Thus, outdoor recreation may take place anywhere, from an individual’s back
yard to a local park to a distant location, i.e., while engaging in tourism (Nicholls, 2012)
Adventure business enterprise is outlined by the journey Travel Trade Association
as an out of doors activity combined with a nature or cultural part, or ideally a
combination of all three (3). Most tourists tend to think of bungee jumping, white-water
rafting and skydiving as adventure activities but 90% of adventure tourism is "soft
adventure". It covers everything from walking, cycling, horse riding and water sports,
through to archaeology, fishing and birdwatching (Failte,2013).
Price and Value
Value for cash is that the term wont to assess whether or not or not a client has
obtained the utmost take pleasure in the products and services non-heritable and/or
22
provided. It not solely measures the value of products and services, however conjointly
takes account of the combination of quality, cost, resource use, fitness for purpose,
timeliness and convenience.
Value for cash demand, in an exceedingly business enterprise context, may be a
conception that captures each value and quality in one construct; and includes such
measures as value goodness of tour package, value goodness of accommodation, value
goodness of food and eating place and value goodness of products in retailers. value and
worth are signiﬁcant factors to the guests of nowadays. Guests are immune to paying a lot
of (instead, they like to induce a lot of for less) and also the key word nowadays is "value
(Kalulu,2012).
The perception of price and value is examined in previous studies as it is
considered “one consistent satisfaction attribute” (Yu and Goulden, 2006) Price
competitiveness is an essential component in the overall tourism competitiveness of a
country or a destination. There is widely accepted evidence that prices are one of the
most important factors in decisions about whether, and where, to undertake trips. This is
reflected in the Travel &Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI,2008)
According to a study in 2010, 80 percent of travelers who use the Internet visit
three or more Web sites before purchasing their tickets. Their decisions depend on price,
not brand loyalty on-line travel sites, like Priceline and Hotwire, profit of the price-
minded travel shopper. These name-your-price travel sites permit the user to request a
particular value for a price tag, offer credit-card details, then purchase the price tag.
23
Online travel services are reaching millions of users. However, there are
drawbacks for some consumers, such as no refunds for tickets and inconvenient flight
times (MarketingSeries,2012).
Tourist Motivation
Motives are a second component of the Personal Structure that’s relevant to social
behavior, these are the needs, drives and concerns that causes an individual to achieve
certain ends or goals. (Crano,Messe n.d.). People nowadays are drawn to travel for many
different reasons but some are partially unknown (Barbara 2014). By using tourism, we
attempt to understand and approach otherness (Willis,2014) which is why tourist prefer
having a personal interaction between other tourists in different places.
Tourist motivators can be classified into physical, social, psychological,
emotional, intellectual and spiritual (Mcintosh) Dunkley (2005) stated that these
classifications depend on different destinations and infrastructure on every tourist site.
Therefore, these motivations are not the only reasons why a tourist comes to a
destination. It varies from a person and the destination itself. (Brand and Platter in
Papathanassis, 2011). Whatever the behaviors are made, we assume that they are the
result of our motives, even when the tourist is not aware of the motives behind that
specific action.
Tourists desire for the unknown rises and now seen as the “push” factor in the
motivation process while the “pull” factor can be the location or tourists spot that the
tourists choose as their destination after experiencing the “push” factors (Malra,2016).
24
Physical Motivators
People like some setting and dislikes others. We develop strong feelings about
specific places. Certain buildings have meaning for us and some areas seem dangerous.
Different places attract people for its appearance but also to its ability to provide
activities that are beneficial to tourists.
In general, motivators to travel embrace physical motivators that are related to
reduction of stress through physical activities, like sport and journey and are grounded
within the have to notice peace, tranquility, and relaxation at the destination (Jonsson &
Devonish, 2008).
Based on Tutorialspoint.com, physical motivators give a huge influence in
tourist’s behavior. Tourists are more attracted to a destination when it provides all the
necessary needs of a traveler, the basic needs and wants like wifi and amenities is a huge
factor.
Once a place and activity are selected and the trip begins, the traveler enters the
experience phase. This includes all the events and occurrences from departure return such
as travel itself, the weather, interactions with people and on site activities that were the
reason for the trip, the motives for going were fulfilled, general satisfaction,
dissatisfaction and safety or harm (Beatrice,2014).
Tourism motivations are influenced by different factors and the destination image
and the physical attributes provides the biggest influence to the tourist’s behavior
(UKEssays 2015).
25
Social Motivators
There are many motives whose goals usually involve other people. Human beings
are thoroughly social animals and our motives reflect this obvious phenomenon (Gray,
2010). So it is safe to say that tourists travel to socialize and meet other people.
The study of Vuuren and Slabbert in North University, revealed that the tourist’s
motives in travelling is to rest and relax, to participate in exciting activities, to participate
in enriching and learning experiences, social interaction and sure personal values.
Gisolf (2014) identified different travel motives and it includes social
psychological needs; escape from a perceived ordinary environment, exploration and
evaluation of self-relaxation, respect, regression, development of relationships and
enabling social interaction.
Maslow’s theory is one of the most frequent used to explain the idea of
motivation. Maslow uses five sets of goals which are also referred to as basic needs:
physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, self-esteem and self-actualization
(Tikkanen, 2007). Tourists look for ways to escape, relax and relieve the tensions given
by his or her everyday environment. Having a group or just a companion may help a lot
to regain his self-worth and avoid being lonely and depressed. Tourists can actually
satisfy their self-esteem by travelling and learning something new or improve their skills
(Kolb 2015). These activities can also be done through participation in events that are
unique and rare.

26
Psychological Motivators
Tourists are motivated to travel not only to escape from their everyday life but to
gain certain psychological rewards (Hsu,Huang 2008). Those escapes can be from
personal problems or their environment such as their families and friends. The
psychological rewards however can be learning new things and self-satisfaction.
Bowen & Clarke (2009) cue US that tourists might produce their own balance
between the shake the better-known and standard and therefore the explore for the new
and completely different. additionally, every motive features a psychological and social
part which suggests that along four motivation dimensions have an effect on the tourer at
the identical time: personal escape, personal seeking, social escape, social seeking.
Again, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs can be considered also in psychological
motivators. The psychological needs include affection, desire to learn, socializing and
both giving and receiving love and affection. The theory of Maslow clearly supports the
tourist’s motivation in visiting the tourist’s spots in order to learn more and gain self-
discovery while traveling.
Emotional, Intellectual and Spiritual Motivators
By having emotional needs, tourists are pulled to seek pleasure and satisfy their
emotional and experiential needs by making choices and changing their behavior. They
expose and direct their attention to desirable and leisurely experiences. In short,
motivations occur when a tourist feels the urge to satisfy himself. Having a particular
goal and being able to achieve it causes a good feeling to an individual (UKEssays,
2015).
27
Crocker (2013) states that motivation and cognition (strategic thought) are both
related to emotion. She believes that when using the term emotion, it is not just about the
feelings. It refers to many variables and processes such as the stimulating environmental
and internal conditions that produce a person- environment relationship. There are
multiple researches that argues about the aspects of consumption. One example is
tourist’s feelings and fantasies play an important part in consumer behavior particularly
in leisure activities. Knowing and observing the strength of feelings achieved in any
holiday is a very important aspect.
A place that also gives knowledge and intellect leads to a person’s feeling of
fulfillment, a reward from all the hard work a tourist been through on constructing a
holiday. It is important to retain this feeling as it leads to repeat visits and more travels in
a destination. (UKEssays 2015).
More tourists use travel as a way to find their true self. It is not surprising that
spirituality is one of the motives of tourists to visit different destinations. Because of this,
the increase in demand for satisfaction of spiritual renewal is established. (Ambroz,
2011). The concept of spirituality is often mistaken with religious beliefs. Spirituality in
tourism refers to the tourist’s search for deeper meaning of their lives not through religion
but through otherness and reconnection.

28
Difference of Motivation as to Profile
It is important to include the visitor’s motivation as a theoretical concept (Kozak,
2011). These motivations in each person vary and include activities that interact with
other cultures and helps increase their knowledge about these locations. Also,
motivations always involve entertainment purposes, having fun or looking for an
adventure. Getting close to nature, being able to relax and getting active are also common
incentives in a tourist destination.
However, motivations between regular touristic locations are different from
motivations of tourists that visits such as Corregidor island. Only a handful of literatures
are available that focuses on motivation to these places. The available literatures use
similar questionnaires of these research. Some examples are the studies of Yuille (2007)
that focused on the motivations of visitors of the Holocaust Museum in Houston, Niemela
(2010) studied the visitors’ motivation of the House of Terror Museum located in
Budapest that is built to remember the people tortured during WWII. Also there’s a
document that shows the motivation of tourists to the Ann Frank House in Armsterdam
(Poria,Reichel and Biran ,2006). The location used in their studies are museums
associated with death and suffering which is different from the location used in this
research, but it shows similarities in motivation. Different motivations may be found
depending on the specific tourist site. Motivations in this sites involve entertainment to
some visitors like thrill and adventure (Yuille,2007)
Education is much more suitable as a visitor’s motivation to visit such places and
emotional attachment within tourism site. Niemela (2010) states that people may have a
deeper connection and personal involvement with the cruelties that happened.
29
They also stated that there’s two other motivators included: the tourist spot is
famous and they feel the historical importance. Media is the largest influence regarding
motivations. They can report or cover a tragic story that happened in such places. The
attention the media gains contribute so much with the tourism industry. Media helps
“bring back tourisms sites to the minds of the people and awareness”. This makes the
people motivated to visit tourist spot to be able to experience what’s behind the media’s
representation (Stone 2011). Corregidor Island haven’t gain enough attention in the
media that’s why it not yet visited much by the tourists.
Relationship of Destination Attributes and Tourist Motivation
To get a good idea of the tourists behavior and of their overall satisfaction
towards a destination or a set of tourism attributes a site can supply is essential for
tourism managers and marketers to better positioning and promoting the destination
(Martin et.al., 2008). If tourists got satisfied with their travel experience, they will tend to
revisit the destination and recommend it to relatives and friends (Yuill , 2007). Taking the
case of Corregidor Island, in this paper we inquire on the level of motivation tourists get
from its visit and the destination attributes. This way, we will try to get a better look to
the attributes of the island that are more valued by visitors and if the features of the island
that have been promoted by local tourism authorities match with the image perceived by
visitors.
Esther (2013) suggest that the push and pull factors that motivates tourists should
be determine in order to use the gathered data to target the right market and tourists with
30
similar profiles. The destination attributes that is linked with the push and pull factors
should be promoted more.
Because of the trends and changes happening nowadays, motivations in tourism
become more complex and diverse. A study by Fields (2002) suggested that sensory
experience such as sight, taste and smell contributes a lot with the destination attributes to
gather motivation. Examples are the taste of local food and the sight of heritage
buildings, even the auditory cues of traditional music in a particular destination.
Conceptual Paradigm
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Destination Attributes Tourists’ motivation

of Corregidor Island as in visiting Corregidor
a Tourism Site Island a tourism
Demographic Profile of Tourist
Figure 1. Tourists’ Motivation In visiting in Corregidor Island
The variables being study are provided in Figure 1, since this is a descriptive
research, destination attributes of Corregidor Island as a tourism spot is the independent
variables. The dependent variable is tourists’ motivation in visiting Corregidor Island a
tourism site.
31
The independent variables are related to the dependent variable in such a way that
the destination attribute and tourist motivation affect the demographic profile of the
tourists are the primary determinants and basis of dependent variable.
Ho1: There is no significant difference in tourist motivation in visiting when grouped
according to their profile.
Ho2: There is no significant relationship in destination attributes and tourists’ motivation.

32
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presented the methodology in securing the data needed for the study.
It includes the research locale, research design, respondents, research instrument, data
gathering procedures and statistical treatment.
Research Locale
This study was conducted using technology as a tool like social media. The
researchers viewed different Corregidor Island pages, travel groups and sites which
contains reviews and opinions of various tourists and even veteran’s families about the
historical island which is located at Cavite City, near Bataan. The researchers chose this
as their research locale for the reason that there is a dramatic decrease in tourists visit.
Figure 2. Corregidor Island Location Map

33
Research Design
To discover the relationship between destination attributes and tourists’
motivation, descriptive research design using a quantitative approach through a cross
sectional study was applied. Descriptive research is meant to cast light on problems
through a method of data collection that allows them to describe the situation more
entirely than was possible without employing this method.” (Fox,2008).
In its principle, descriptive studies are used to describe several aspects of the
occurrence. A modified adapted questionnaire was designed, and the instruments was
adapted from previous studies.
The purpose of the descriptive method is to secure the data evidences concerning
existing situations or current conditions; hence, the method is very appropriate because of
the nature of the problems being needed was mostly used of finding evidences (Aguilar
and Lucas, 2014).The researchers used descriptive method of research design and
utilized a modified adapted questionnaires as the main tool of the gathering by means of
recording, interpreting, analyzing and comparing the gathered information about the
tourist motivation in visiting in Corregidor Island
Respondents of the Study
Former tourism undersecretary and fitness guru Cynthia Lagdameo Carrion,
recently appointed to head the Corregidor Foundation Inc states that the fast declining of
visitors is alarming with the mere 51,000 tourists last 2017. The researchers used Slovin’s
formula to come up with the number of respondents that will be needed in the study.
34
The respondents of the study are three hundred eighty-two (382) who visited
Corregidor Island with the right age, male or female, foreign or domestic tourist of the
Corregidor Island. The consumer sample are initially selected by making a survey to
those tourists in Corregidor Island by sending out an email to tourists asking them if they
had visited a Corregidor Island, or if any of their friends or relatives had visited such sites
and sending them the google form survey.
Research Instrument
The researchers gathered information from the book and online resources in order
to come up with the study, to determine the destination attributes and tourist motivation
in visiting Corregidor Island. The researchers devise a modified adapted questionnaire
from the studies entitled “Tourists’s Motivation in Visiting Nagcralan Underground
Cemetery”by Rheeane Alpuerto and Joan Aliwalas, also by Jose Chito De Leon Jr. and
Glecie Mae Guevarra entitled “Tourism Attributes and Tourists Motivation among Travel
Destinations in Real, Quezon : Basis for Tourism Management Plan” wherein the tourists
answered different questions about their motivation in visiting a Corregidor Island.
Afterwards, they presented it to their adviser for consultation and validation. The
revisions were made through the help of an English Critic and were validated through the
process including psychological test, pilot survey in selected non respondents. The
questionnaire consists of three parts: tourist demographic profile, destination attributes
and tourist motivation are measured with the 4-Likert scales which are: highly motivated,
less motivated, not motivated and not motivated at all. Lastly, tourist perceptions in
35
characteristic are measured with the 4-Likert scale which are: strongly agree, agree,
disagree, strongly disagree.
Table 1.for the interpretation and analysis of data, the following descriptions are utilized:
SCALE RANGE DESCRIPTION CODE
4 3.25-4.00 Strongly Agree Highly Motivated SA HM
3 2.50-3.24 Agree Motivated A M
2 1.75-2.49 Disagree Less Motivated D LM
1 1.00-1.47 Strongly Disagree Not Motivated SD NM
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers first secured the approval letter to the dean to conduct the study
and asked for the permission of their research adviser to use google form survey as a
method to conduct their study with the consultation of the chairperson of Hotel and
Restaurant Management. Then, the researchers had sight and request for the total number
of tourist who visited Corregidor Island, Cavite City. The researchers gathered recent
studies for verification. The researchers presented the questionnaire to their evaluator.
Afterwards, the researchers create a google form survey in their google drive to distribute
many survey forms at once. The researchers only chose the tourists with pictures and
reviews that can prove they have been to the island. Once they confirm the trip of the
tourists, they sent out the link of the survey so the tourists can answer when they are
36
available and have enough free time. This method saved the researchers from getting into
a risky trip to the island due to the bad weather and rainy season.
The research participants will not be subjected to harm in any ways whatsoever.
Respect for the dignity of research participants will be prioritized. Full consent will be
obtained from the participants prior to the study. The protection of the privacy of research
participants will be ensured and adequate level of confidentiality of the research data will
be ensured (Sanjari,2014).
Statistical Treatment of the Data
To attain the objectives, pose in this study, the following statistical tools were
applied on the data collected.
The frequency distribution and percentage are to identify the demographic profile
of the respondents.
P=𝑛 x 100%
𝑁
Where;
P=Percentage
n=frequency of respondents
N=total number of respondents
Chi-suare and Kruskal-Wallis Test is use to determine the difference of motivation as to
profile.
37
The formula is
Spearman rank is used to Test the relationship of destination attributes and tourists
motivation in visiting Corregidor Island .The formula is

Chapter IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the gathered data taken from the results of the questionnaire
administered by the researchers. They are tabulated and interpreted based on the findings.
1. Tourist’s Profile
Table 1.1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents in terms of

Age
AGE Frequency Percent

11-20 116 30. 4
21-30 136 35.6
31-40 60 15.7
41-50 41 10.7
51 and above 29 7.6
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.1 presents the frequency and percentage distribution of the respondents’
profile in terms of age. The table reveals that out of 382 respondents, 136 (35.6%) are 21
to 30 years old, 116 (30.4%) are 11-20 years old, 60 (15.7 %) are 31 to 40 years old, 41
(10.7%) are 41 to 50 years old and 29 (7.6%) are 51 and above.
The findings connote that the majority of the tourists who visit in Corregidor
Island in Cavite City were those who have an age of 21 to 30 years old and they were
more motivated than the other age brackets. The researchers reflect that this could be
because ages 21to 30 are more adventurous and seeking for challenges seek or recall
history.
The result agreed with Austin Miller (2014), that peoples’ motivation changes as
their age changes, from the study of Bowman (2001) 21-30 years old is philosophical,
having a calm attitude, and idealistic. They also set goal, or future oriented, once they
39
become motivated by a tourism destination. They can have their own decision anytime
and anywhere to travel because they were the ones who were called independent. They
were eager and willing to fuse things when it comes to traveling. They are setting their
aims and target to travel those places that suits with them. They have dynamic nature of
transition which results in changing perceptions for they are the kind of people that were
always adventurous and curious.

Gender
GENDER Frequency Percent

Female 196 51.3
Male 186 48.7
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.2 presents the frequency and percentage distribution of respondents’
profile in terms of gender. It indicates that out of 382 respondents 196 (51.3%) are female
and 186 (48.7%) are male.
The finding implies that the majority of the tourists who visited Corregidor Island
were female and they were more motivated than men. The researchers mirror this as male
prefers to travel alone than female who travel in pairs or in group. Also, nowadays,
millennial female chooses to visit unknown or new places and seek thrills.
The result agreed with Guy (2010) that nowadays, females are more adventurous
than males. He stated that women are more used to put risk into context. They deal with
threats personally much higher than men in their everyday lives, also women are more
40
likely to enthralled and excited by the idea of travel and men are more likely to ask about
safety.

Occupation
OCCUPATION Frequency Percent

Student 129 33.8
Unemployed 30 7.9
Self-employed 43 11.3
White collar job 82 21.5
Blue collar job 35 9.2
Pink collar job 29 7.6
Green collar job 21 5.5
Other 13 3.4
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.3 proves the frequency and percentage distribution of respondent profile
in terms of occupation. It reveals that 129 (33.8.9%) are students ,82 (21.5%) are belong
to White Collar Job, 43 (11.3%) are self-employed, 35 (9.2%) are Blue Collar Job,30
(7.9%) are unemployed, 29(7.6%) are belong to Pink Collar Job and 21 (5.5%) are Green
Collar Job.
The finding connotes that the majority of the tourists visited Corregidor Island are
students they are more motivated than those who are under White Collar Job, pink collar
job, unemployed, self-employed and blue collar job. Students prefer to visit this kind of
site for the purpose of education.
The result agreed with Grina and Pasamba (2016), student’s status and behavior is
one of the big impacts to travel for a destination. The result also corresponds to
Robertson (2012) that students travel more than others because they are over stimulates
41
in stress that can disrupt the ability to attend to the world. So, these people tend to use
their vacation to reduce the overstimulation of a stressful life, but others look for
stimulation in their vacation, searching for new sights, sounds and smells that might
spark new ideas and fresh approaches to ways of life that may have come to feel a little
jaded.
Highest Educational Attainment
EDUCATIONAL Frequency Percent

ATTAINMENT
High school undergraduate 22 5.8
High school graduate 36 9. 4
College undergraduate 92 24.1
College graduate 196 51.3
TESDA 23 6.0
Other 13 3.4
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.4 shows the respondents profile in terms of Highest Educational
Attainment. It reveals the 196 (51.3%) are college graduates, 92 (24.1%) are College
undergraduate, 36 (9.4%) are high school graduate, 22 (5.8%) are high school
undergraduate, 23 (6.0%) are TESDA graduate and there are 13 (3.4) other educational
attainment.
The finding connotes that the majority of the tourists visited Corregidor Island
were College Graduate and they were more motivated than high school undergraduate,
high school graduate, college undergraduate and those who are graduated under TESDA
and different education. The researchers reflect to this as college graduate has adequate
jobs that make them have more enough time and currency to travel.
42
The result agrees with Cruz (2009) stated that the group of educated tourists’ have
more desire to travel than those who are not because for them education is one way that
provides understanding of overwhelming events. Albama (2014), stated that the more
educated tourists tend to seek more adventure for their chosen tourist destination. As
indicated in the study of Oren (2011) College graduates are those people who are always
looking for thrill and aroused to experience new things.

Civil Status
CIVIL STATUS Frequency Percent

Single 253 66.2
Married 120 31.4
Separated 5 1.3
Widowed 4 1.0
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.5 shows the frequency and percentage of tourists’ civil status. It reveals
253 (66.2%) are single, 120 (31.4%) are married,5 (1.3%) are separated and 4 (1.0%) are
widowed.
The findings connote that the majority of the tourists visited Corregidor Island
were single and they were more motivated than those who are married and widowed. The
researchers mirror this as single people are more adventurous when it comes choosing
destination in their vacation.
The result agreed with the study of Pyo (2007) that most of the tourist who seek
adventure and challenge are those who are single because they have less responsibilities
and they have more time to travel.

43
Table 1.6. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents in terms of
Travel Characteristic: Place of Origin
PLACE OF ORIGIN Frequency Percent

NCR 94 24.6
CAR 13 3.4
Region 1 21 5.5
Region 2 20 5.2
Region 3 31 8.1
Region 4A 65 17.0
Region 4B 14 3.7
Region 5 9 2.4
Region 6 7 1.8
Region 7 5 1.3
Region 8 5 1.3
Region 9 5 1.3
Region 10 3 .8
Region 11 8 2.1
Region 12 0 0
Region 13 4 1.0
Other country 78 20.4
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.6. proves the frequency and percentage of tourists’ profile in terms of
Place of Origin. It reveals 94 (24.6.8%) are from NCR, 78 (20.4%)are from other
countries, 65 (17.0%) are from Region IV-A, 31 (8.1%) are from Region III, 20 (5.2%)
are from Region I and Region II, 14 (0.8%) are from Region 4B and CAR, 9 (0.5%) are
from Region V,VI and XI 5 (1.3%) are from Region VII,VIII and IX. The findings
connote that the majority of the tourists’ visited Corregidor Island are from CR and they
are more motivated than those who are from Region I, CAR, Region II, Region III,
Region IV Region V, Region VI, Region VII, VIII ,IX Region X, and Region XIII. The
researchers view this as because tourists who are from NCR are more capable to visit the
site since the location is can be more easily reached by them.

44
The result agreed with (Barbara, 2013) that most of the tourists who visited a
particular destination were form near town and cities because it is more accessible and
convenient for them to travel.
Frequency of Visit
FREQUENCY OF VISIT Frequency Percent

First visit 332 30. 4
Second visit 33 8.6
3 days or more 17 4.5
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.7 reveals frequency and percentage distribution of tourists’ profile in
terms of Frequency of visit. It reveals that 332 (86.9%) first visit, 33 (8.6%) second visit,
and 17 (4.5%) third visit and above.
The findings connote that the majority of tourists visited Corregidor Island were
their first visit and they were more motivated than those people who visit the place for the
second time.
In contrast with the statement of Prebenson (2006), what drives satisfaction for
tourists is one of the most relevant areas of research from the tourism industry, as
motivated and satisfied tourists tend to transmit their positive experience to other and to
repeat their visit.

45
Travel Characteristic: Length of Stay
LENGTH OF STAY Frequency Percent

1 day 290 75.9
2 days 40 10.5
3 days or more 52 13.6
Total 382 100.0
Table 1.8 reveals frequency and percentage distribution of tourists’ profile in
terms of length of stay. It reveals that 290 (75.9%) stayed one day because Corregidor
Island offers day tour to most tourists (SunCruises Co.)
The findings connote that all of the tourists visited Corregidor Island stayed one
day. Corregidor Island is a site that tourists can stay overnight and it also provides
accommodation.
The result corresponds with the case study of Yang, Wong, Zhang (2011, that
distance, age, work, organized tour, transportation, motivation, past visit and assessment
of accommodation are one of the major determinants of tourists’ length of stay.

46
Table 2.1 Destination Attributes in terms of Travel Environment in Corregidor
Island
To find out the destination attributes among travel destination in Corregidor
Island toward the respondents.
2.1 Travel Environment Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. Corregidor Island is safe and 3.69 Strongly Agree
free from harm of hazard while
travelling.
2. Corregidor Island is a good 3.67 Strongly Agree
option to foreign or local tourist
who wants to go on a day trip or
stay overnight.
3. The place has sustainable 3.59 Strongly Agree
environment that attract the
tourist as a dark tourism site.
4. A clean and green environment 3.52 Strongly Agree
is maintained throughout the
vicinity.
5. There is a harmonious 3.62 Strongly Agree
relationship between the guest and
the staff.
Average Weighted Mean 3.62 Strongly Agree
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.1 Corregidor Island is safe and free from harm of hazard while
travelling.” got the highest weighted mean of 3.69 and it belongs to descriptive rating of
strongly agree. A clean and green environment is maintained throughout the vicinity, got
the lowest weighted mean of 3.52 and it belongs to descriptive rating of strongly agree.
Corregidor Island is a good option to foreign or local tourist who wants to go on a day
trip or stay overnight weighted 3.67. The place has sustainable environment that attract
the tourist as a dark tourism site with weighted mean of 3.59. There is a harmonious
47
relationship between the guest and the staff which weighted 3.62 also belongs to the
descriptive rating of strongly agree. The findings connote that the majority of the tourists’
visited Corregidor Island.
believed that the place is safe and free from harm of hazard while travelling. The
researchers believed that this is because there are different cruises available for various
tourists that offered round trips from Manila to Corregidor. This ensures the safety of
each and individual traveler.
With the average weighted mean of 3.62, describe strongly agree implies that
tourist perceived that the travel environment is one of the best attribute of the destination
which is Corregidor Island. Safety and security are crucial aspects for the development of
all tourism destinations. It is natural to have anxiety when travelling typically with
regards to safety and security. This is due to the insufficient knowledge available on the
destination that tourists intend to visit, compared to the knowledge that they have about
their own country. Many people including tourists are very concern that they might be in
the risks of getting physically injured due to any possible harm. For example, the
insecurity of becoming a potential victim to cases such as crime, terrorism, or road
accidents. Tourism is a fragile industry. It depends on many encouraging or discouraging
factors. Some of the factors are the economic condition, political stability, and most
importantly safety and security assurance. Image of a destination may be tarnished if it is
perceived as a dangerous place to visit. (Ahmad Fitri Amir et al, 2015).

48
Table 2.2 Destination Attributes in terms of Natural Attraction in Corregidor Island
2.2 Natural Attraction Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It offers historical landscape, 3.69 Strongly Agree
attractive feature, and unique
objects.
2. There is a healthy and abundant 3.62 Strongly Agree
natural environment.
3. It has a unique beauty as a 3.73 Strongly Agree
destination of battlefield ruins.
4. Corregidor Island maintains the 3.68 Strongly Agree
old buildings and preserves them
to its original form.
5. The scenic beauty of the place is 3.66 Strongly Agree
authentic.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.2 It has a unique beauty as a destination of battlefield ruin got the highest
weighted mean of 3.73 which underlies at descriptive rating of strongly agree. There is a
healthy and abundant natural environment got the lowest mean which is 3.62 underlies at
descriptive rating of strongly agree. It offers historical landscape, attractive feature, and
unique objects that got 3.69 weighted mean. Corregidor Island maintains the old
buildings and preserves them to its original form with 3.68 weighted mean. The scenic
beauty of the place is authentic got a 3.66 weighted mean which also underlies at
descriptive rating of strongly agree.
believed that it has a unique beauty as a destination of battlefield ruins. The researchers
supposed this is because Corregidor Island is a battleground used to protect Manila

49
during World War II. The ruins and tunnel still holds today and is being preserved well
by the Corregidor’s Tourism Department.
With the average weighted mean of 3.67, describes as strongly agree implies that
the tourists perceived that Corregidor Island offers natural environment as a strong
destination attribute. Corregidor Island enjoys the privilege of having rich background
tourism elements. The destination is unique in its natural surroundings and has all the
qualities to attract high-value tourists, potential to successfully compete with other dark
tourism destination. Lee (2009) proposed that natural environment is one of the notable
attributes that affect destination attributes of a destination. Dark tourism sites have
become significant tourist destination, in fact, the act of touristic travel to places of death,
war, genocide, assassination and disaster is becoming the most developing branch of
tourism during the past years and cultural activity within contemporary society (Kessays,
2015).
Table 2.3 Destination Attributes in terms of Entertainment and Events in
Corregidor Island
2.3 Entertainment and Event Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. The place conducts different 3.57 Strongly Agree
travel package that explores the
beauty of Corregidor Island as a
dark tourist site
2. Some tour guides offer a travel 3.42 Strongly Agree
at night in the tourist site.
3. The tour guiding is entertaining, 3.65 Strongly Agree
safe, and secured.
4. Different events such as Hero’s 3.64 Strongly Agree
day suits to interests of the tourist.
5. Events and entertainments are 3.51 Strongly Agree
appropriate to the venue site.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
50
Table 2.3 The tour guiding is entertaining, safe, and secured got the highest
weighted mean of 3.65 which is underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree. Some
tour guides offer a travel at night in the tourist site got the lowest weighted mean which is
3.51 and underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Different events such as
Hero’s day suits to interests of the tourist with weighted mean of 3.64 also underlies at
the descriptive rating of strongly agree. The place conducts different travel package that
explores the beauty of Corregidor Island as a dark tourist site” also underlies to
descriptive rating of strongly agree with 3.57 weighted mean.
believed that the event and entertainment by tour guiding is entertaining, safe, and
secured. The researchers believe that since the package includes different activities that
can make the trip enjoyable yet safe to achieve.
With the average weighted mean of 3.56, describe as strongly agree implies that
the tourist perceived the entertainment and event that is being conducted in the island is
also a strong destination attribute as a dark tourist site. The concept of “experience” is
strictly connected with the entertainment aspect and implies the consumer participation
and interaction during the product or service creation. Building an experience means
bring the product or service to life and underline its identity through the sensorial
involvement of the consumer (Shaw, Ivens, 2010).

51
Table 2.4 Destination Attributes in terms of Historic Attraction in Corregidor
Island
2.4 Historic Attraction Weighted Qualitative Description

Mean
1. Corregidor Island presents latent 3.72 Strongly Agree
imagery leading to connotation of
historical incidents combined with
grief, horror, and death.
2. The place is quite educational 3.71 Strongly Agree
because of its historical attributes.
3. The Corregidor Island evokes an 3.72 Strongly Agree
emotional experience or allows the
individual to feel connected to
incidents that took place during the
2ndWorld War.
4. The Corregidor Island displays or 3.75 Strongly Agree
often times represent more than just a
formal educational experience.
5. The Corregidor is one of the most 3.68 Strongly Agree
important historical sites in the
country.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.4 The Corregidor Island displays or often times represent more than just a
formal educational experience got the highest weighted mean of 3.72 underlies to
descriptive rating of strongly agree. The Corregidor is one of the most important
historical sites in the country got the lowest weighted mean which is 3.65 and underlies at
the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Corregidor Island presents latent imagery leading
to connotation of historical incidents combined with grief, horror, and death and The
Corregidor Island evokes an emotional experience or allows the individual to feel
connected to incidents that took place during the 2nd World War also underlies at the
descriptive rating of strongly agree got the same weighted mean 3.72. The place is quite
52
educational because of its historical attributes.” also underlies to descriptive rating of
strongly agree with 3.71 weighted mean.
believed that it displays or often times represent more than just a formal educational
experience. The researchers believe that since Corregidor is the largest of the five islands
guarding the entrance to Manila BayA tadpole-shaped island, besieging was once a mere
fishing village with a beacon and signal station for all ships coming into and deed Manila
Bay. yankee colonizers engineered all-out fortifications on the island, complete with
long-range tractor guns, anti-aircraft guns, tunnels, Associate in Nursing underground
command center, and a hospital for wounded troopers.
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island is indeed a very historical attraction and plays
a big role as a destination attribute of a tourism site within the last Pacific War, besieging
became an important combat zone between the Japanese Imperial Army and therefore the
allied forces. it absolutely was the last defensive structure to fall within the hands of the
enemy. Today, aboard the silent cannons and rust artillery are various memorials for our
war heroes. The island is currently the favorite traveler destination with a primary
category building and resort facilities. It humbly plays a role in the tourism in the
Philippines due to its historical significance (Guia,2016).

53
Table 2.5 Destination Attributes in terms of Infrastructure in Corregidor Island
2.5 Infrastructure Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. Corregidor Island provides 3.50 Strongly Agree
accommodation like hotels, apartel
etc. that are necessary during the
stay of the tourists.
2. Tourism Information Office is 3.47 Strongly Agree
present near the tourist spot.
3. There are restaurants that offer 3.35 Strongly Agree
authentic or native cuisine of the
place.
4. Comfortable restroom is always 3.43 Strongly Agree
available to entertain visitors.
5. The place has a good 3.49 Strongly Agree
maintenance such as good
electricity and enough clean water.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.5 Corregidor Island provides accommodation like hotels, apartel etc. that
are necessary during the stay of the touristsgot the highest weighted mean of 3.50
underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree. There are restaurants that offer authentic
or native cuisine of the place got the lowest weighted mean which is 3.35 and underlies at
the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Got a weighted mean 3.49 which is The place has
a good maintenance such as good electricity and enough clean water. Tourism
Information Office is present near the tourist spot also underlies at the descriptive rating
of strongly agree. Comfortable restroom is always available to entertain visitors.” also
underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree with 3.43 weighted mean.
believed that the destination provides accommodation like hotels, apartel etc. that are
necessary during the stay of the tourists. The researchers believed this is because the Sun
54
Cruise Corp. have been providing a package with night tour for tourists who wants to
explore the Malinta Tunnel at night. So they provide accommodations for tourists who
stay for more than a day and also for travelers who seek historical objects left during the
war.
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island is indeed a place with enough infrastructure
to accommodate tourists like tourism department and restaurant with buffet available for
tourists. Corregidor Island has some good quality accommodations, and one of the most
beautiful beaches as well. All the preceding attractions offer tourists the wonderful
infrastructure and atmosphere for his or her recreation and relaxation. French etal. (2015)
describe a tourist destination as 'a subset of tourism products that form part of the total
tourism product.' They present the components of tourist destinations that include
attractions, amenities, and accessibility. Attractions embrace several aspects like sites
each human-made and natural, events, and activities. Amenities include both
infrastructure and superstructure.
Table 2.6 Destination Attributes in terms of Accessibility in Corregidor Island
2.6 Accessibility Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. Transport services in and out of 3.52 Strongly Agree
Corregidor Island are well
provided.
2. Roads and highways are all fully 3.45 Strongly Agree
constructed.
3. The place is very accessible. 3.41 Strongly Agree
4. Tourist bus inside the Island is 3.48 Strongly Agree
very comfortable.
5. The place is accessible and 3.60 Strongly Agree
suitable for all ages.
55
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.6 The place is accessible and suitable for all ages got the highest weighted
mean of 3.60 underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree. The place is very
accessible got the lowest weighted mean which is 3.41 and underlies at the descriptive
rating of strongly agree. Got a weighted mean of 3.52 which is Transport services in and
out of Corregidor Island are well provided. Tourist bus inside the Island is very
comfortable also underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Roads and
highways are all fully constructed.” also underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree
with 3.45 weighted mean.
believed that the destination provides great access to tourists in all ages. 'Accessibility' is
the term referred to the relationship between both private and public transport forms in
tourism. It is an important element of the tourism product which carry travelers from the
generating regions to tourist destination (Prideaux, 2009).
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island tours covers the transport within and between
the destination. These include air, sea, and land transport. Just as the attractions and
facilities and services attract visitors; ease of access to any destination is regarded as a
very crucial attribute which tourists consider before their last buying decision is made
(French et al., 2010).

56
Table 2.7 Destination Attributes in terms of Relaxation in Corregidor Island
2.7 Relaxation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. Corregidor Island helps an 3.60 Strongly Agree
individual to reflect, relax, and
break away to everyday pressure.
2. Resorts and other recreational 3.52 Strongly Agree
facilities inside the Corregidor
Island offers opportunity to rest.
3. Touring the Corregidor Island 3.63 Strongly Agree
gives us a break from the routine of
everyday life.
4. Beaches of Corregidor Island are 3.41 Strongly Agree
good for soothing the mind and
refreshes the body and soul.
5. Natural scenery of Corregidor 3.60 Strongly Agree
Island is suitable for meditation
activities and connection to self.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.7 Touring the Corregidor Island gives us a break from the routine of
everyday life.” got the highest weighted mean of 3.63 underlies to descriptive rating of
strongly agree. Beaches of Corregidor Island are good for soothing the mind and
refreshes the body and soul got the lowest weighted mean which is 3.41 and underlies at
the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Corregidor Island helps an individual to reflect,
relax, and break away to everyday pressure and Natural scenery of Corregidor Island is
suitable for meditation activities and connection to self got the same weighted mean of
3.60 also underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree.Resorts and other
recreational facilities inside the Corregidor Island offers opportunity to rest with 3.71
weighted mean also underlies to descriptive rating of strongly agree.

57
The findings connote that the majority of the tourists’ visited Corregidor Island
believed that the destination provides a break from the routine of everyday life. . The
researchers supposed that tourists look for a destination that is different from the usual.
They want to see new setting and try a new taste of environment.
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island is a relaxing place. Since it is an island,
tourists are physically away from Manila. Also the fact that the destination has no wi-fi,
people can also detach from the world wide web even just for a few days. Internet can
also cause so much stress. Corregidor gives the tourists opportunity to relax and meditate
(Ilagan,2011).
Table 2.8 Destination Attributes in terms of Outdoor Activities in Corregidor Island
2.8 Outdoor Activities Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. There are different recreational 3.46 Strongly Agree
activities along the area like
hiking, team building, tour
guiding, biking and sightseeing.
2. There are activities that can 3.60 Strongly Agree
stimulate our curiousity towards
the 2nd world war.
3. The activities are worth the time 3.49 Strongly Agree
and fun.
4. The outdoor activities are 3.45 Strongly Agree
something extra ordinary.
5. There are activities that give 3.51 Strongly Agree
chance to meet new people with
similar interest.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
58
Table 2.8 There are activities that can stimulate our curiosity towards the 2 nd
world war got the highest weighted mean of 3.60 underlies to descriptive rating of
strongly agree. The outdoor activities are something extra ordinary got the lowest
weighted mean which is 3.45 and underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree. Got
a weighted mean of 3.51 which is There are activities that give chance to meet new
people with similar interest. The activities are worth the time and fungot a weighted mean
of 3.49 also underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree. There are different
recreational activities along the area like hiking, team building, tour guiding, biking and
sightseeing with 3.46 weighted mean also underlies to descriptive rating of strongly
agree.
believed that the destination provides activities that can stimulate our curiosity towards
the 2nd world war. The researchers supposed that tourists can take a walk down the path
of history inside the tunnel through an audio-visual presentation by National Artist
Lamberto V. Avellana, recollecting significant events that occurred during the war. Part
of the night tour is exploring the recent beleaguering Hospital and therefore the laterals of
the Malinta Tunnel that are believed to be haunted places. Tourists can have ghost-
hunting in the tunnel's 24 laterals. One of the many highlights of the tour is the sunset and
sunrise watching in Corregidor has so much in store especially for overnightershe
activities being offered are not only for sports enthusiast. People who wish to urge nearer
to nature will have the most effective time enjoying the spectacular scenery of the place.
They can also try a nature-oriented recreational activity, like bird watching. There are lots
59
of exciting activities that adventurers will opt for from: zip-lining, kayaking, ATV ride,
and hiking.
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island outdoor activities is one of the strong
attributes the destination has. Tourists can enjoy the beauty and nature of the island itself.
With various activities to choose from and being isolated for once in the busy streets of
manila and other places, Corregidor attracts different types of tourists. Haynes C.D. et al.
(20120 insist that the number of people taking part in many outdoor activities is growing,
especially in hiking, cycling and water based activities such as sea kayaking and scuba
diving.
Table 2.9 Destination Attributes in terms of Price and Value in Corregidor Island
2.9 Price and Value Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. Corregidor Island offers cheaper 3.47 Strongly Agree
price but good quality services to the
tourist.
2. It is worth to investing in 3.45 Strongly Agree
Corregidor Island.
3. The price of accommodation here 3.40 Strongly Agree
is reasonable.
4. Prices of souvenir items are very 3.33 Strongly Agree
affordable.
5. Good value for money. 3.51 Strongly Agree
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.9 Good value for money got the highest weighted mean of 3.51 underlies
to descriptive rating of strongly agree. Prices of souvenir items are very affordable got
the lowest weighted mean which is 3.33 and underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly
60
agree. Corregidor Island offers cheaper price but good quality services to the tourist got a
weighted mean of 3.47. It is worth to investing in Corregidor Island got a weighted mean
3.45 also underlies at the descriptive rating of strongly agree. The price of
accommodation here is reasonable with 3.40 weighted mean also underlies to descriptive
rating of strongly agree.
believed that the destination is a good value for money. Ragavan (2014) cited that tourists
nowadays choose to travel and have their vacation in a much affordable place yet good in
service and accommodation. That is one of the main reasons why Sun Cruises offer
different promos that suited to the budget of every tourist.
the tourist perceived that Corregidor Island captures both price and quality in one
construct. Cheung (2011) explains that travel and vacation nowadays is not just a luxury
but it becomes part of everyone’s budget.
Table 2.10 Summary of Tables
AVERAGE WEIGHTED QUALITATIVE

MEAN DESCRIPTION
Travel Environment 3.62 Strongly Agree
Natural Attraction 3.67 Strongly Agree
Entertainment and Event 3.56 Strongly Agree
Historic Attraction 3.71 Strongly Agree
Infrastructure 3.45 Strongly Agree
Accessibility 3. 49 Strongly Agree
Relaxation 3.55 Strongly Agree
Outdoor Activities 3.50 Strongly Agree
Price and Value 3. 43 Strongly Agree
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.10 shows the average weighted mean for Destination Attributes of Corregidor
Island in terms of 1 Travel Environment, Natural Attraction, Entertainment and Event,

61
Historic Attraction, Infrastructure, Accessibility, Relaxation, Outdoor Activities, Price
and Value. It shows that the best attribute of Corregidor Island as a tourist destination is
Historic Attraction, therefore it has a highest average weighted mean.
Table 2.11 Summary of Tables
AVERAGE WEIGHTED QUALITATIVE

MEAN DESCRIPTION
Physical Motivation 3.71 Strongly Agree

Social Motivation 3.49 Strongly Agree
Psychological Motivation 3.60 Strongly Agree
Emotional Motivation 3.53 Strongly Agree
Intellectual Motivation 3.51 Strongly Agree
Spiritual Motivation 3.37 Strongly Agree
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Table 2.11 shows the average weighted mean for tourists’ motivation in visiting a
Corregidor Island site in terms physical, social, psychological, emotional, intellectual and
spiritual motivation. It shows that most tourists are motivated to visit because of physical
motivators, therefore it has a highest average weighted mean.
Table 3.1 Tourist Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island in terms of Physical
Motivation
3.1 Physical motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It offers historical landscape, 3.71 Strongly Agree
attractive feature, and unique objects.
2. It serves as a memorabilia of the 3.70 Strongly Agree
historic II World War.
3. There is a pleasant weather and 3.71 Strongly Agree
peacefulness in Corregidor Island
that overshadow the darkness of the
site.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
62
Base from the table statement number 1,2 and 3 are all strongly agree with a
weighted mean of 3.71, 3.70 and 3.71 respectively. The total average weighted mean for
Physical Motivation is 3.71 that falls under Strongly Agree.
The result shows that tourists are motivated to experience the physical
characteristics the Corregidor Island as Dark Tourism spot possess. The oldest landmark
on the island is that the beacon dated 1853, however abundant of this lush tropical island
is dominated by ruins that mirror the extreme fighting that transpire in war II.
Additionally, to defense and battery buildings, there are outlets, a movie show, and a
natatorium, all from the troopers stationed here a few years past. The expansive tunnels
below ground are aforementioned to be the eeriest a part of the island. These dark
corridors are allegedly haunted by Japanese troopers United Nations agency took their
own lives before defeat.
The island is currently a chosen monument and war memorial. The ruins have
been maintained in memory of the American, Philippine, and Japanese soldiers who
fought and died here. (Geordie,2018).
Table 3.2 Tourist Motivation in terms of Social Motivation
3.2 Social motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It helps me develops social 3.53 Strongly Agree
norms such as shake hands when
you meet someone and don’t
invade someone’s personal space
etc.
2. It develops companionship, 3.43 Strongly Agree
support, and intimacy with other
people.
3. It boosts confidence. 3.50 Strongly Agree
63

Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Social Motivation is 3.49 that falls under Strongly Agree.
The results shows that tourists were motivated to develop social norms while
travelling. A study in Switzerland by Bieger and Laesser (2008) indicated that tourists
with social motivations tended to travel in larger groups. They have the desire for escape,
rest and relaxation, health and fitness, adventure, prestige, and social interaction. But also
to boost self-confidence by participating in activities with others.
Table 3.3 Tourist Motivation in terms of Psychological Motivation
3.3 Psychological motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It triggers curiosity about the 3.63 Strongly Agree
historical events in Corregidor
Island.
2. It encourages to do adventures or 3.56 Strongly Agree
thrilling things in Corregidor Island.
3. It lets me encounter unfamiliar 3.62 Strongly Agree
environment and experience new and
different things.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Psychological Motivation is 3.60 that falls under Strongly Agree.
The results shows how tourists look for a way to answer their curiosity. Curiosity
embraces motives ranging from fulfilling fascination for morbid to

64
adventure/thrill/stimuli of unique sites or events (Bigley, Lee, Chon et al., 2010). Human
beings we are all born with a sense of curiosity and an insatiable appetite to explore the
world, this level of curiosity can diminish as people become older or when motivations
associated with push and pull change (Robinson, 2015).
Table 3.4.1 Tourist Motivation in terms of Emotional Motivation
3.4.1 Emotional motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It lets me evoke an emotional 3.57 Strongly Agree
experience feel connected to ancestors
and historical roots.
2. Tragedies and incidents that took 3.52 Strongly Agree
place in here makes me learn how to
life at its best.
3. The place gives me an opportunity 3.49 Strongly Agree
to express my emotions towards death
and tragedies.
Based from the table statement number 1,2 and 3 are all strongly agree with a
Emotional Motivation is 3.53 that falls under Strongly Agree.
Emotions are affectional states characterized by episodes of intense feelings
related to a selected referent (such as someone, an object, or AN event) and instigate
specific response behaviors (Cohen and Areni 2008) This table shows however tourists’
emotional experiences influence their overall image perception. additionally, assessment
of overall image has a control on satisfaction and intention to suggest. (Mooradian 2011)
Beyond Corregidor Islands physical properties, the holistic image of a destination is
influenced by a mixture of emotional attributes (Walmsley 2010). Prior studies establish
that people provoke emotions toward physical and social environment (Farber and Hall
2007). When emotions elicited by an area coincide with the advantages wanted, tourists
65
can construct a positive analysis of the destination’s overall image (San Martin and del
Bosque 2008).
Table 3.4.2 Tourist Motivation in terms of Intellectual Motivation
3.4.2 Intellectual motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It helps me in enriching 3.51 Strongly Agree
individual intellect and sensation
of an authentic experience.
2. It helps me gain a lot of new 3.55 Strongly Agree
knowledge and experiences in this
tourist destination.
3. It helps me improve the ability 3.46 Strongly Agree
to think in a logical way by
engaging in team building
activities.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Intellectual Motivation is 3.51 that falls under Strongly Agree.
The search for knowledge and truth is natural in every person. The selection of
particular destination or a specific form of tourism is sometimes based on potential for
education and for quest of knowledge. This is why museums, tours, workshops are
attractive for tourist choices in engaging in tourism. Tourists may want to explore a
particular destination that has a rich historical or scientific significance, or they may visit
a specific form of tourism site like heritage site where tourists get to learn about historical
events (Guha, 2010).

66
Table 3.4.3 Tourist Motivation in terms of Spiritual Motivation
3.4.3 Spiritual motivation Weighted Mean Qualitative Description

1. It gives me desire to exploreAVERAGE
the 3.48WEIGHTED Strongly QUALITATIVE
unknown and unusual on vacation. MEAN AgreeDESCRIPTION
2. It makes me feel connected 3.36 Strongly Agree
spiritually.
3. It makes me attend some camp 3.27 Strongly Agree
retreats that will boost spiritual
well-being.
Legend: 3.25-4.00 SA; 2.5-3.24 A; 1.75-2.49 DA; 1.00-1.74 SD
Intellectual Motivation is 3.37 that falls under Strongly Agree.
Spirituality is becoming an important motive for travel. Many people see tourist
travel as an effective means to find their true self. Experience of spirituality is closely
related to the experiences with the destination and with the quality of tourism services on
the destination (Ambroz,2011).
Corregidor Island provides a spontaneous and natural environment, where tourists
find themselves through the interaction with others, enhances their spiritual growth,
deepens their experience and accelerates healing.

67
Table 4.1 Differences of Motivation When Grouped according to their profile
Significant Difference between p-value Rejected/Accepted

motivation and profile in
terms of:
AGE .289 Accepted
GENDER .017 Rejected

OCCUPATION .000 Rejected
EDUCATIONAL .099 Rejected
ATTAINMENT
CIVIL STATUS .001 Rejected
PLACE OF ORIGIN .003 Rejected
FREQUENCY OF VISIT .038 Rejected
LENGTH OF STAY .000 Rejected
Ho1: There is no significant difference between motivation and profile.
Ho2: There is a significant difference between motivation and profile.
Decision Rule:
lf p-value<0.05, we reject the null hypothesis.
The table illustrated the summary of tourists’ motivation in visiting a Corregidor
Island site when grouped according to their profile. It reveals that the demographic
profile of the respondents, in terms of gender, occupation, civil status, place of origin,
frequency of visit and length of stay proved that it can greatly affect tourists’ motivation.
The tourists have a contrasted overview and motivation by gender, occupation, civil
status, place of origin frequency of visit and length of stay
Based from the table computed value of gender is 0.017, occupation is 0.000,
educational attainment is 0.009, civil status is 0.001, place of origin is 0.003, frequency
of visit is 0.038 and length of stay is 0.000 respectively and all less than the alpha level
0.05 the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that there is a difference on the
68
motivation of tourist in visiting a Corregidor Island site when grouped according to their
profile in these terms
Findings also highlight women's role as the sustainable tourists of the future:
women harbor strong sustainability values and see travel as a growth opportunity
(Cavagnaro, 2011).
Occupation affects the tourists’ motivation differently. As stated (Robertson,
2012), tourists’ that have stressful time in their job tend to seek relaxation in their leisure
while other looks for stimulation in their vacations, searching for new sights that might
spark new ideas and fresh approaches to ways of life that may have come to fill a little
bored.
Albama (2014) stated that the more educated tourists tend to seek more adventure
for their chosen tourist destination. Most of educated people seeks challenges and want to
discover something new. While others who are less educated focuses on how to support
their physiological needs in daily lives.
Travelling solo has lost much of the lonely hearts stigma it once carries
(Winston,2015). Single tourists travel more for they have all the time they can handle
than tourists that are married.
Tourists also tend to repeat closer destinations (Moutinho and Trimble,2009)
In a research to determine what affects the length of stay in a tourism destination.
(Barros & Machado 2010) it is concluded that socio- economic characters like age,
gender, education and nationality explain the length of stay. On the other hand, it states
that variables like type of accommodation, tourist destination and level of education are
aspects which further increase (or decrease) days stayed at a destination.

69
Table 5.1 Significant Relationship between Destination attributes and Tourist

motivation
Significant relationship p- Rejected/Accepted Strength of

between: value relationship
Destination attributes .000 Rejected .493 (moderate
and tourists motivation correlation)
Ho1: There is no significant relationship between destination attributes and tourists
motivation.
Ho2: There is a significant relationship between destination attributes and tourists
motivation.
Decision Rule:
lf p-value<0.05, we reject the null hypothesis.
Table 5.1 shows the relationship between destination attributes and tourists
motivation in visiting Corregidor Island. As the table reveals, destination attributes and
tourist motivation have a p-value of 0.000 that is interpreted as having a significant
relationship. The value is less than 0.05, and we reject the null hypothesis stating that
“There is no significant relationship between destination attributes and tourists’
motivation.” Thus, the destination attributes of Corregidor Island were fitted to the travel
motivations of the tourists.

Chapter V
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusion drawn and recommendation
offered in this study.
Summary
This study aims to determine the tourism attributes and tourist motivation and to it
sought to answer the following objectives; determine the demographic profile of tourist in
terms of age, sex, civil status, place of origin, occupation, frequency of visit and length of
stay; Identifying destination attributes among travel destination in Corregidor Island
towards the respondents in terms of travel environment, natural attraction, entertainment
and event, historic attraction, infrastructure, accessibility, relaxation, outdoor activities,
and price and value. Also, finding the difference of motivation as to profile. It also sought
to identify the relationship of destination attributes and tourist’s motivation among travel
destination in Corregidor Island in terms of, physical motivation, social motivation,
psychological motivation, and, and emotional, intellectual, and spiritual motivation;
determine the significance of destination attributes to travel motivations of tourists.
Findings
Based on the gathered data, the following are the findings:
The demographic profile of tourist is determined as follows: In terms of Age, out
of 382 respondents, the dominant age group is 21-30 years old with the frequency of
116(30. 4%); In terms of sex, majority of the respondents are “female” with the
71
frequency of 196 which is 51.3%; mostly have a white collar job 82(21.5%); In terms of
Educational Attainment, majority of the respondents are college graduate with the
frequency of 196(51.3%). In terms of civil status, most of the respondents are single with
a frequency of 253(66.2%); in terms of Place of origin, NCR with a frequency of 94
(24.6. In terms of frequency of visit, mostly are first visits with a frequency of
332(86.9%); In terms of length of stay, with a frequency of 290(75.9%) for one-day stay.
In terms of Travel Environment, the tourist strongly agreed that the Corregidor
Island is safe and free from harm of hazard while travelling with an average weighted
mean of 3.62 is strongly agree. In terms of Natural Attraction, tourist strongly agreed that
it has a unique beauty as a destination of battlefield ruins with an average weighted mean
of 3.67 which is strongly agree. In terms of Entertainment and events, tourist strongly
agreed that the tour guiding is entertaining, safe, and secured with the average weighted
mean of 3.56 which is strongly agree. In terms of Historic Attraction, the Corregidor
Island displays or often times represent more than just a formal educational experience
with the average weighted mean of 3.71 which is strongly agree. In terms of
Infrastructure, Corregidor Island provides accommodation like hotels, apartel etc. that are
necessary during the stay of the tourists, with the average weighted mean of 3.45 which is
strongly agree. In terms of Accessibility, tourist strongly agreed that tourist bus inside the
Island is very comfortable and the place is accessible and suitable for all ages with the
average weighted mean of 3.49 which is strongly agree. In terms of Relaxation, tourist
strongly agree that the Corregidor Island gives us a break from the routine of everyday
life with the average weighted mean of 3.55 which is strongly agree. In terms of Outdoor
Activities, tourist strongly agreed that there are activities that can stimulate our curiosity
72
towards the 2nd world war with the average weighted mean of 3.50 which is strongly
agree. In terms of Price and value, tourist strongly agreed that the Corregidor Island
offers cheaper price but good quality services to the tourist, it is worth to investing in
Corregidor Island, with the average weighted mean of 3.43 which is strongly agree.
In terms of Physical Motivation, the tourist strongly agreed that it offers historical
landscape, attractive feature, and unique objects and there is a pleasant weather and
peacefulness in Corregidor Island that overshadow the darkness of the site with the
average weighted mean of 3.71 which is strongly agree. In terms of Social Motivation,
the tourist strongly agreed that it helps develops social norms such as shake hands when
you meet someone with the average weighted mean of 3.49 which is strongly agree. In
terms of Psychological Motivation, the tourists strongly agreed that it triggers curiosity
about the historical events in Corregidor Island, with the average weighted mean of 3.60
which is strongly agree. In terms of Emotional Motivation, the tourist strongly agreed
that it lets evoke an emotional experience connected to ancestors and historical roots,
with the average weighted mean of 3.53 which is strongly agree. In terms of Intellectual
Motivation, the tourist strongly agreed that the it helps gain a lot of new knowledge and
experiences in this tourist destination, with the average weighted mean of 3.51 which is
strongly agree. In terms of Spiritual Motivation, the tourist strongly agreed that the it
gives desire to explore the unknown and unusual on vacation, with the average weighted
mean of 3.37 which is strongly agree.
There is a significant difference on tourists’ motivation in visiting a Corregidor
Island site when group according to their profile in terms of gender, occupation, highest
73
educational attainment, place of origin, frequency of visit and length of stay while there is
no significant difference in terms of age.
There is a significant relationship between tourist motivation in terms of physical
motivation, social motivation, emotional motivation, intellectual motivation and spiritual
motivation and destination attributes in terms of travel environment, natural attraction,
entertainment and event, historic attraction, accessibility, relaxation, outdoor activities,
price and value have a significant relationship with a p-value of .000.
Conclusion
Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. The respondents who visited the travel destinations falls under 21-30 years old, in
terms of sex, most of the tourists are female and most of the tourists are single. Most
of the tourists are college graduate. Moreover, the tourists are mostly in NCR and
most of the tourist stay and visit for one day only. For tourism attributes in terms of
travel Environment, natural attraction, entertainment and event, historic attraction,
infrastructure, accessibility, relaxation, outdoor activities, price and value are all
strongly agree.
2. For tourist motivation, the tourists are motivated through physical motivation, social
motivation psychological motivation, emotional motivation, intellectual motivation
and spiritual motivation.
3. There is a significant difference between motivation and profile in terms of gender,
occupation, civil status, place of origin, frequency of visit and length of stay.
74
4. There is a significant relationship between destination attributes and tourists
motivation.
Recommendation
Based from the findings and conclusion of the study, it is suggested that:
1. The LGU should protect the island from looters of historical artifacts used in
the war. Some tourists tend to wander in the forest and loot some bullets that
are left during the war.
2. The LGU should focus more on maintaining not only the historical ruins and
weapons but also the environment. Foreign tourists often notice how Filipinos
neglect their surroundings on their own tourist destinations.
3. Have more attentive personnel that should be responsible for the cleanliness
of the south beach.
4. To the Sun Cruise Corporation, provide more selection of transportation,
activities and accommodations. Tourists have no other choice but to purchase
a certain package or promo.
5. For future researchers, conduct a study about the ethical issues connected with
dark tourists’ destination. People who visit such places unconsciously
disrespect and forget where history and death occurred. Bringing cameras
instead of flowers, selfie instead of prayers is a growing problem to
Corregidor Island.
75
References Cited
Retrieved from:
Alpuerto,Aliwalas (2018) “Tourist’s Motivation in Visting Nagcarlan,Underground
Cemetery”
Bissell, L. (2009). Understanding Motivation and Perception at Two Island
Attractions in Winnipeg, MB. University of Manitoba
Caton, K. & Santos C. A. (2017). Heritage Tourism on Route 66: Deconstructing
Nostalgia. SAGE Publication
Chang, J., Wall, G., & Chu, S. (2006). Novelty Seeking at Aboriginal Attractions.
Elsevier Ltd. Printed in Great Britain
Chang, T. (2014). The effect of motivation and Environmental Attitude on the Benefits of
Experience. Revista Internacional De Sociologia (RIS)
Chanuanthong, R. & Batra A. (2016) Push-Pull Motivation Satisfaction Experience
and post Behavioural Intention- Sites of Death Railway Tragedy Kanchanaburi
Province Thailand. Retrieved from: www. assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/AU-
GSB/article/view/2518
Chito,(2017)“Tourism Attributes and Tourist Motivation among travel destination in Real
Quezon: Basis for Tourism Management Plan”
Cruz, Z. L. (2007) Tourist Motivation, October 28, 2017
Deutsch, B. (2014). Tourist Motivation for engaging in Tourist Sites. Modul Vienna
University
Esther, G. (2013). Understanding motivation of visitors at War sites: Case study of
August 7th Memorial Park, Kenya. HAAGA-HELIA ammattikorkeakoulu

76
Griña, J. & Pasamba K. R., Demographic Profile, October 28, 2017
Kim (2015) “LUCBAN TOURIST PRODUCTS AS TO ITS ATTRACTIVENESS”
Kulcsar, E. (2015). The Magic of Tourism. Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj Napoca,
Romania
Imperial, J. P. & Vasquez, B. M. (2015). Travel Characteristics, October 28, 2017
Isaac, R. & Cakmak E. (2013). Understanding Visitors Motivation at Sites of Death and
Disaster: The Case of Former Transit Camp Westbork, The Netherlands.
Routledge Taylor and Francis Group
Manco, C. A. & Oliveros H. E. (2014) Tourist Motivation, October 28, 2017
Mudzanani T. (2014). Why is Death so attractive? An analysis of Tourist Motives for
Visiting the Hector Peterson Memorial and Museum in South Africa. MCSER
Publishing, Rome Italy
Niemela, T. (2010). Motivation Factors in Dark Tourism. Lahti University Applied
Science
Robinson, N. (2015). Dark tourism Motivation: An Investigation into the motivation of
visitors to site associated with War University of Salford, UK
Tourism Theories Organization (2014). Motivation and Needs. Retrieved from:
www.tourismtheories.org/?=341
Vibar, I. (2016). A hidden Laguna gem: Exploring history, nature in Nagcarlan.
Retrieved from: news.abs-cbn.com/life/12/17/16-a-hidden-laguna-gem-exploring-
history nature-in-Nagcarlan
Weaver, P. A., McClearly, K. W., Han J. & Blosser P. E. (2009). Identifying Leisure
Travel Market Segment Based on Preference for Novelty. Routledge Taylor and Francis
77
Yuille, S. (2007). Understanding Visitor Motivation at Sites of Death and Disaster.
Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A &M University

APPENDICES
79
APPENDIX A
Letter for Questionnaire Psychological Critic
Republic of the Philippines
Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management
Lucban, Quezon
80
APPENDIX B
Letter for Validation
Lucban, Quezon
81
APPENDIX C
Letter for Questionnaire Language Critic
Lucban, Quezon
82
APPENDIX D
Letter for Adviser
Lucban, Quezon
Mr. Sherwin R. Pernia

HRM Faculty
Dear Sir,
Greetings a Peace!
We, the third year students of Bachelor of Science in hotel and Restaurant Management
enrolled in RES01: Methods of Research. Academic Year 2017-2018 (2nd Semester)
In line with this, we choose you as our adviser. Your experience and expertise in the field
of Hotel and Restaurant Management will be great help in the realization of our research.
Proposed Title: "Tourist's Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island's Attributes"
It’s out humble request to ask for your approval as the adviser of our research. Your
favourable response regarding this matter will be very much appreciated.
Thank you very much and God Bless!
Respectfully yours,
COLADILLA, JAYDEE C.
KIM, YEEUN D.
MARTINEZ, MARYJEAN C.
Researchers
Approved:
(SGD) MR. SHERWIN R. PERNIA

Research Adviser
83
APPENDIX E
Letter for Approval
Lucban, Quezon
Dear Sir,
Greetings a Peace!
We, the fourth year student of Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management
tudents enrolled in RES02: Methods of Research. Academic Year 2018-2019 (2nd
Semester)
In line with this, we are asking for your approval to let us conduct this study,
Proposed Title: "Tourist's Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island's Attributes"
We are looking forward to your affirmative response regarding this matter. Thank you
and God Bless!
Respectfully yours,
KIM, YEEUN D.
Researchers
Approved:
MS. JOANNA PAULA A. ELLAGA, DBA

Dean of College of Business Administration
84
APPENDIX F
Letter for Anti-Plagiarism
Lucban, Quezon
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that the study entitled "Tourist's Motivation in Visiting
Corregidor Island's Attributes" by Jaydee C. Coladilla, Yeeun D. Kim and
MaryJean C. Martinez has been processed and scanned for anti-plagiarism and
formatting.
(SGD) SHERWIN R. PERNIA
Research Adviser
85
APPENDIX G
Letter for Respondents
Lucban, Quezon
Dear Respondents,
We, Fourth Year students of Bachelor in Hotel and Restaurant Management of

Southern Luzon State University would like to request you to be our respondents by
answering our structured questionnaire for our research study entitled "Tourist's
Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island's Attributes" Rest assured that the information
will be used for study purposes only and will be treated with confidentiality.
Your kind consideration for this request will be great help in the fulfillment of the
researcher’s study.
Thank you very much and God bless you!
Respectfully yours,
KIM, YEEUN D.
Student Researchers
Noted by:
MR. SHERWIN R. PERNIA
Research Instructor/Adviser
86
APPENDIX H
Letter for Statistician
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS
ADMINISTRATION
Lucban, Quezon
November 8, 2018
Madam:
Greetings of peace and solidarity!
We, Fourth Year students of Bachelor in Hotel and Restaurant Management of
Southern Luzon State University, are currently conducting the study entitled: “Tourist’s
Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island’s Attributes”for this semester, A.Y. 2018-2019.
In this regard, we are humbly requesting you to be our statistician. We believe

that your experience and expertise in this field will be a great help in the completion of
our research.
We shall look forward to your favorable response regarding this matter. Your
approval and response will be highly appreciated.
Thank you very much and God bless you.
Respectfully yours,
KIM, YEEUN D.
Student Researchers
MR. SHERWIN R. PERNIA (SGD) MS. IRENE JOYCE AVILA

Research Instructor/Adviser Statistician
87
APPENDIX I
Republic of the Philippine
Lucban, Quezon
"Tourist's Motivation in Visiting Corregidor Island's Attributes"

This study aims to know the tourists’ motivation in visiting Corregidor Island which is a
tourism site in Cavite City, Bataan. This will be achieved through survey questionnaire to
be answered by the tourists.
Survey Instrument
Part 1. Demographic Profile of the Respondent
Direction: Found below are statements that will determine your demographic profile.
Put a check on the space provided that corresponds to your answer.
Name (optional):
Age: 11- 20 41-50 Gender:

21-30 51-above
31-40
Occupation: Student Unemployed Self-Employed

White collar job (Teacher, sales representative, Doctor, Attorney,
Pharmacist, Manager, Engineer, Architect, Office Worker, etc. )
Blue collar job (Automotive, Carpenter, Construction, Driver, Plumber,
Machinist, Electrician, Firefighter, etc.)
Pink collar job(Caregiver, Bank teller, Casino host, Hotel Housekeeper,
Food attendants, Fitness Instructor, Receptionist, Flight Attendant,
Nurse, Waitress, Event Planner, etc.)
Green collar job (Building consultant, Energy Analyst, Carbon Consultant,
Environmental service, Power plant Manager, etc.)
Highest Educational Attainment: High school undergraduate

High school graduate
College Undergraduate
College
graduate TESDA
"Others pls. specify "
Civil Status: Single Separated

Married Widowed
88
Travel Characteristic:
 Place of Origin NCR Region 5 Region 11
Region 1 Region 6 Region 12
CAR Region 7 Region 13
Region 2 Region 8 ARMM
Region 3 Region 9
Region 4-A Region 10
Region 4-B
 Frequency of Visit First Visit Second Visit others; pls. specify

 Length of Stay 1 day 2 days others; pls. Specify
I. TOURISM ATTRIBUTES
This questionnaire aims to determine the level of agreement of tourism
attributes among travel destination in Corregidor Island. Read the statement
carefully. Put a check (/) on the space provided that corresponds to your experience.
Use the scale below to rate your answer.
4- Strongly Agree 3- Agree 2- Disagree 1-Strongly

Disagree
A. TRAVEL ENVIRONMENT 4 3 2 1
1. Corregidor Island is safe and free from harm of hazard while
travelling.
2. Corregidor Island is a good option to foreign or local tourist who
wants to go on a day trip or stay overnight.
3. The place has sustainable environment that attract the tourist as a
tourism site.
4. A clean and green environment is maintained throughout the
vicinity.
5. There is a harmonious relationship between the guest and the staff.
B. NATURAL ATTRACTION 4 3 2 1
1. It offers historical landscape, attractive feature, and unique objects.
2. There is a healthy and abundant natural environment.
3. It has a unique beauty as a destination of battlefield ruins.
4. Corregidor Island maintains the old buildings and preserves them to
its original form.
5. The scenic beauty of the place is authentic.
89
C. ENTERTAINMENT AND EVENT 4 3 2 1

1. The place conducts different travel package that explores the beauty
of Corregidor Island as a tourist site
2. Some tour guides offer a travel at night in the tourist site.
3. The tour guiding is entertaining, safe, and secured.
4. Different events such as Hero’s day suits to interests of the tourist.
5. Events and entertainments are appropriate to the venue site.
D. HISTORIC ATTRACTION 4 3 2 1
1. Corregidor Island presents latent imagery leading to connotation of
historical incidents combined with grief, horror, and death.
2. The place is quite educational because of its historical attributes.
3. The Corregidor Island evokes an emotional experience or allows the
individual to feel connected to incidents that took place during the
2ndWorld War.
4. The Corregidor Island displays or often times represent more than just
a formal educational experience.
5. The Corregidor is one of the most important historical sites in the
country.
E. INFRASTRUCTURE 4 3 2 1
1. Corregidor Island provides accommodation like hotels, apartel etc.
that are necessary during the stay of the tourists.
2. Tourism Information Office is present near the tourist spot.
3. There are restaurants that offer authentic or native cuisine of the
place.
4. Comfortable restroom is always available to entertain visitors.
5. The place has a good maintenance such as good electricity and
enough clean water.
F. ACCESSIBILITY 4 3 2 1
1. Transport services in and out of Corregidor Island are well provided.
2. Roads and highways are all fully constructed.
3. The place is very accessible.
4. Tourist bus inside the Island is very comfortable.
5. The place is accessible and suitable for all ages.
G. RELAXATION 4 3 2 1
1. Corregidor Island helps an individual to reflect, relax, and break away
to everyday pressure.
2. Resorts and other recreational facilities inside the Corregidor Island
offers opportunity to rest.
3. Touring the Corregidor Island gives us a break from the routine of
everyday life.
4. Beaches of Corregidor Island are good for soothing the mind and
refreshes the body and soul.
5. Natural scenery of Corregidor Island is suitable for meditation
activities and connection to self.
90
H. OUTDOOR EXPERIENCE 4 3 2 1
1. There are different recreational activities along the area like hiking,
team building, tour guiding, biking and sightseeing.
2. There are activities that can stimulate our curiousity towards the 2nd
world war.
3. The activities are worth the time and fun.
4. The outdoor activities are something extra ordinary.
5. There are activities that give chance to meet new people with similar
interest
I. PRICE AND VALUE 4 3 2 1
1. Corregidor Island offers cheaper price but good quality services to the
tourist.
2. It is worth to investing in Corregidor Island.
3. The price of accommodation here is reasonable.
4. Prices of souvenir items are very affordable.
5. Good value for money.
II. TOURIST MOTIVATION
This questionnaire aim to determine the level of agreement of respondent’s
motivation travelling destination in Corregidor, Island. Read the statements
carefully. Put a check (/) on the space provided for each item that corresponds to
your experience. Use the scale below to rate your answer.
4- Strongly Agree 3- Agree 2- Disagree 1-Strongly

Disagree
A. PHYSICAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
1. It offers historical landscape, attractive feature, and unique objects.
2. It serves as a memorabilia of the historic II World War.
3. There is a pleasant weather and peacefulness in Corregidor
Island.
B. SOCIAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
1. It helps me develops social norms such as shake hands when you
meet someone and don’t invade someone’s personal space etc.
2. It develops companionship, support, and intimacy with other people.
3. It boosts confidence.
C. PSYCHOLOGICAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
91
1. It triggers curiosity adobt the historical events in Corregidor

Island.
2. It encourages to do adventures or thrilling things in
Corregidor Island.
3. It lets me encounter unfamiliar environment and experience
new and different things.
D. EMOTIONAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
1. It lets me evoke an emotional experience feel connected to
ancestors and historical roots.
2. Tragedies and incidents that took place in here makes me
learn how to life at its best.
3. The place gives me an opportunity to express my emotions
towards death and tragedies.
INTELLECTUAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
1. It helps me in enriching individual intellect and sensation of
an authentic experience.
2. It helps me gain a lot of new knowledge and experiences in
this tourist destination.
3. It helps me improve the ability to think in a logical way by
engaging in team building activities.
SPIRITUAL MOTIVATORS 4 3 2 1
1. It gives me desire to explore the unknown and unusual on
vacation.
2. It makes me feel connected spiritually.
3. It makes me attend some camp retreats that will boost spiritual
well-being.
92
APPENDIX J
Reliability Test Result
Republic of the Philippine
Lucban, Quezon
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's
Alpha N of Items
.938 63
Since the Cronbach’s Alpha is greater than 0.7 (0.938>0.7), we can say that the
questionnaire is reliable.
Item-Total Statistics
Cronbach's
Scale Mean if Scale Variance Corrected Item- Alpha if
Item Deleted if Item Deleted Total Item
Correlation Deleted
VAR00001 210.4000 296.933 .676 .935
VAR00002 210.3000 298.900 .568 .936
VAR00003 210.2000 313.956 -.059 .939
VAR00004 210.4000 304.489 .347 .937
VAR00005 210.4000 300.933 .501 .936
VAR00006 210.2000 307.067 .313 .937
VAR00007 210.1000 315.211 -.128 .939
VAR00008 210.3000 313.567 -.039 .939
VAR00009 210.1000 320.989 -.440 .941
VAR00010 210.3000 308.900 .218 .938
VAR00011 210.7000 306.900 .363 .937
VAR00012 210.6000 307.822 .250 .938

93
VAR00013 210.5000 305.833 .311 .937
VAR00014 210.1000 294.767 .744 .935
VAR00015 210.3000 306.678 .342 .937
VAR00016 210.1000 304.544 .461 .936
VAR00017 210.1000 293.433 .802 .934
VAR00018 210.0000 298.667 .600 .936
VAR00019 210.0000 302.667 .608 .936
VAR00020 210.0000 302.667 .608 .936
VAR00021 210.5000 309.833 .130 .938
VAR00022 210.3000 308.011 .267 .937
VAR00023 210.5000 308.722 .180 .938
VAR00024 210.3000 307.344 .304 .937
VAR00025 210.4000 298.933 .588 .936
VAR00026 210.7000 311.344 .057 .939
VAR00027 210.3000 304.678 .454 .937
VAR00028 210.6000 300.044 .311 .938
VAR00029 210.7000 307.122 .238 .938
VAR00030 210.6000 309.600 .115 .939
VAR00031 210.1000 304.544 .461 .936
VAR00032 210.2000 296.622 .657 .935
VAR00033 210.3000 294.678 .748 .935
VAR00034 210.4000 300.933 .501 .936
VAR00035 210.2000 304.178 .471 .936
VAR00036 210.6000 305.378 .374 .937
VAR00037 210.0000 310.889 .117 .938
VAR00038 210.2000 304.178 .471 .936
VAR00039 210.3000 304.456 .466 .936

94
VAR00040 210.6000 306.489 .318 .937
VAR00041 210.4000 294.044 .804 .934
VAR00042 210.4000 304.933 .472 .936
VAR00043 210.7000 303.567 .392 .937
VAR00044 210.4000 298.711 .598 .936
VAR00045 210.2000 305.067 .422 .937
VAR00046 210.2000 295.956 .685 .935
VAR00047 209.8000 303.733 .843 .936
VAR00048 210.0000 314.667 -.104 .939
VAR00049 210.2000 306.178 .361 .937
VAR00050 210.5000 295.611 .787 .935
VAR00051 210.3000 305.789 .391 .937
VAR00052 210.3000 305.789 .280 .938
VAR00053 210.5000 300.500 .557 .936
VAR00054 210.5000 288.278 .769 .934
VAR00055 210.2000 294.178 .760 .934
VAR00056 210.4000 295.156 .755 .935
VAR00057 210.1000 299.878 .527 .936
VAR00058 210.1000 305.656 .399 .937
VAR00059 210.1000 305.433 .411 .937
VAR00060 210.4000 298.933 .475 .936
VAR00061 210.1000 293.878 .782 .934
VAR00062 210.3000 302.456 .579 .936
VAR00063 210.4000 303.378 .395 .937

95
APPENDIX K
Lucban, Quezon
PICTURES
96
PLAGIARISM RESULT
97

Tourist Motivation in Visiting Corregidor's Attributes

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tourist Motivation in Visiting Corregidor's Attributes

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TOURIST’S MOTIVATION IN VISITING CORREGIDOR ISLAND’S ATTRIBUTES

Southern Luzon State University

College of Business Administration

Name : Jaydee C. Coladilla

Birth Date: August 1, 1998

Birthplace : Paete, Laguna

Permanent Address : P.Madriñan Street. Brgy Maytoong

Contact Number : 09213168682

Email Address : jaydee.coladilla@gmail.com

School/ University Inclusive Year

Paete Elementary School 2005-2011

Poten and Eliseo M. Quesada Memorial 2011-2015

National High School

Southern Luzon State University 2015-Present

Management and Restaurateur Quintessentially Unified in Soaring Excellence

Name: Yeeun D. Kim

Birthday: March 25, 1998

Birth place: Seoul, South Korea

Permanent Address: 28 Juan de Placencia St. Lucban Quezon

Contact Number: 09457820642

Email Address: Yeeunkim66@Yahoo.com

School / University Inclusive Year

Dong-beak Elementary School 2005- 2009

Southern Luzon State University 2015 up to present

Lucban Academy High school 2011-2015

Management and Restaurateur Quintessentially Unified in Soaring Excellence

Name: MaryJean C. Martinez

Birthdate: June 17, 1998

Birthplace: Lucena City

Permanent Address: 4 Intr. Marcos Tigla Street Lucban, Quezon

Contact Number: 09153480942

Email Address: maryjean0617@gmail.com

School/University Inclusive Years

Paaralang Elementarya ng Lucban-3A 2005-2011

Paaralang Sekundarya ng Lucban 2011-2015

Southern Luzon State University 2015-present

Management and Restaurateur Quintessentially Unified in Soaring Excellence

Program/Project Planning and

CERTIFICATION OF AUTHENTICITY FROM ADVISER

in Visiting Corregidor Island’s Attributes by Jaydee C. Coladilla, Yeeun D. Kim and

and the same.

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in

C. Coladilla, MaryJean C. Martinez and Yeeun D. Kim , who is hereby recommended

for oral examination.

Restaurant Management, by the oral examination committee.

issue; Tatay Joey, Kuya Jerwin for believing in me. To my siblings

Maria Lourdes and Majed Coladilla for giving me love. To my

thesis partners, MaryJean Martinez and Yeeun Kim.

Especially MY SON, ART

JHUDIEL I love you and this is for

you Son,love Mommy

moment in my life. I am thankful togod that he blessed me with

a family who loves me so dearly, with friends who

inspire and support me, I really could

not ask for anything more.

May his light be

finish this research. I dedicate this study wholeheartedly to my beloved parent,

pushing me that I can finish this research and my relatives and

cousins who continually provide their support

I want to thank my thesis adviser

Sir Sherwin Pernia

MR.ANGELO SHAN E. MENDOZA, MS. MANILYN G. ZUBIETA and

and suggestion to make the study better;