KCC Institute of Technology & Management

Greater Noida (U.P)

Capgemini Technical Interview Questions

The Capgemini Interview Round as discussed above is further divided into 2 parts

  Technical Round
 HR Round

In the Technical Round, the executives will be judging you on your:

  Technical Knowledge
 IQ Quotient
 Final Year Projects, that you have mentioned in your resume.

Q1. What is the use of DBMS?

Answer:
DBMS is also known as Database Management System. It is an application system wherein its
main purpose is to revolve around data. This allows its user to store the data, define it, retrieve it
and update the information about the data inside the database.

Q2. What do you mean by Database?

Answer:
Simply put, Database refers collection of data in some organized way to facilitate its user’s to
easily access, manage and upload the data.

Q3. Why is the use of DBMS recommended? Explain by listing any 4 of its major
advantages.
Answer:
Reducing Data Redundancy: DBMS supports a mechanism to reduce the data redundancy
inside the database by integrating all the data into a single database and as data is stored at only
one place, the duplicity of data does not happen.
Sharing Data: Sharing data among multiple users can be done simultaneously in DBMS as the
same database will also be shared among all the users and by different application programs.
Data Integrity: This means that the data is always accurate and consistent in the database. It is
very important as there are multiple databases in a DBMS and all of these databases contain data
that happens to be visible to multiple users. So it is vital to ensure that the data is correct and
consistent in all the databases and for all the users. 
Data Security: In data security, only authorised users are allowed to access the database and
their identity should be authenticated using a valid username and password. Unauthorised users
are not be allowed to access the database under any circumstances as doing so violates the
integrity constraints.
Q4. What is normalization needed in DBMS?
Answer:
Normalization is the process of analyzing relational schemas which are based on their respective
functional dependencies and the primary keys so that they fulfill certain properties.
Properties:

 To minimize data redundancy.

 To minimize the anomalies of Insert, Delete and Update.

Q5. Explain the concepts of a Primary key and Foreign Key.

Answer:
Primary Key uniquely identifies the records in a database table while Foreign Key, on the other
hand, is used to link two or more tables together.
Example: Consider 2 tables – Employee and Department. Both have one common field/column
as ‘ID’ where ID is the primary key of the Employee table while this happens to be the foreign
key for the Department table.

Q6. What is the biggest difference between UNION and UNION ALL?
Answer:
They are both used to join the data from 2 or more tables but UNION removes duplicate rows
and picks the rows which are distinct after combining the data from the tables whereas UNION
ALL, unlike UNION, does not remove the duplicate rows, it just picks all the data from the
tables.
Q7. Explain the concept of ACID properties in DBMS?
Answer:
ACID properties are a combination of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability
properties. These properties prove to be very helpful in allowing a safe and secure way of
sharing the data amongst multiple users.
Atomicity: When changes are being done to the data it feels as though a single operation is
performed. In other words, either all the changes are performed, or none of them is performed.
Consistency: Data must be in a consistent state at the beginning of the transaction as well as the
end of the transaction.
Isolation: As the name itself suggests, this ensures that each transaction that occurs is in
isolation from others. Simply put a transaction that has started but not yet completed should be in
isolation with others, this is done so that the other transaction does not get impacted with this
transaction.
Durability: In the event of system failure, after the transaction is completed, changes to the data
persist and are not undone. Hence, due to this property data is always in a durable state.

Capgemini Interview Questions - Java

Q8. Explain JDK, JRE and JVM?

Answer:
JDK JRE JVM

JDK stands for Java JRE stands for Java

JVM stands for Java Virtual Machine
Development Kit Runtime Environment

This tool plays an important JVM is an abstract machine and it is said to

This refers to a runtime
role in compiling, be a specification that provides a run-time
environment where Java
documenting, and packaging environment in which the Java bytecode can
bytecode can be executed
Java programs be executed

JRE happens to be an
JDK consists of  JRE + JVM follows three notations: Specification,
implementation of the JVM
development tool Implementation, and Runtime Instance
which physically exists

Q9.  Explain public static void main(String args[]) in Java.

Answer:
main() in Java refers to the entry point for any Java program and is always written as public
static void main(String[] args).
public: Public is an access modifier. It is used to specify who can access this method. Public
means that this Method could be accessed by any Class.
Static: Static is a keyword that identifies it is class-based. main() is made static in Java so that it
can be accessed without creating the instance of a class but if main is not made static then the
compiler will throw an error as main() which is then called by the JVM before any objects are
made and only static methods can be directly invoked via the class. 
void: Void refers to the return type of the method and it defines the method which will not return
any value.
main: It is the name of the method which is searched by JVM as a starting point for an
application with a particular signature only and main is the method where the main execution
occurs.
String args[]: This is the parameter that is passed to the main method.

Q10.  Is Java platform-independent, if yes why?

Answer:
Yes, Java is platform-independent. This is because for every operating system present a separate
JVM is available which is capable to read the .class file or byte code.
But while JAVA is a platform-independent language, the JVM is platform-dependent. Different
JVM is designed for different OS and the byte code is capable of running on different OS.

Q11. What are constructors in Java?

Answer:
A constructor in Java refers to a block of code which is used to initialize an object and it must
have the same name as that of the class. Also, a constructor does not have a return type and it is
automatically called when an object is created.
There are two types of constructors in Java. They are :
Default Constructor: A default constructor does not take any inputs. In simple terms, default
constructors are the no-argument constructors which will be created by default in case no other
constructor is defined by the user. The main purpose of a default constructor is to initialize the
instance variables with the default values. Also, it is majorly used for object creation. 
Parameterized Constructor: A parameterized constructor, unlike the default constructor, is
capable of initializing the instance variables with the provided values. In other words, the
constructors which take the arguments are called parameterized constructors.

Q12. What is the final keyword in Java?

Answer:
 final is a special keyword in Java and can be used as a non-access modifier. It could be used in
different contexts. They are given below
the final variable: When the final keyword is used with a variable then its value can’t be
changed and if you consider the case where no value has been assigned to the final variable then
with the help of the class constructor a value can be assigned to it.
final method: A simple way to explain the final method is, when a method is declared final then
it can’t be overridden by the inheriting class.
final class: When you declare a class as final, it can’t be extended by any subclass class but it
can extend other class.

Q13. What is Java String Pool?

Answer:
It refers to a string collection that is stored in heap memory.
So, whenever a new object is created, the String pool first checks whether the object is already
present in the pool or not, and if it is present then the same reference is returned to the variable. 
Otherwise, a new object will be created in the String pool and the respective reference will be
returned.

Q14. Why Java Strings are immutable in nature?

Answer:
In Java, string objects are immutable in nature. 
This means that once the String object is created its state cannot be modified. So, if you do try to
update the value of that object instead of updating the values of that particular object, Java
creates a new string object. 
Java String objects happen to be immutable as String objects are generally cached in the String
pool. 
As the String literals are usually shared between multiple clients, action from one client might
affect the rest. 
By doing so, it enhances the security, caching, synchronization, and performance of the
application. 

Capgemini Interview Questions - C Language

Q15. What are the different storage class specifiers in C?

Answer:

 auto
 register
 static
 extern

Q16. What is the scope of a variable?

Answer:

Scope of a variable refers to the part of the program where the variable may directly be
accessible. DO note that in C, all identifiers are lexically (or statically) scoped.
Q17. What is Dangling pointer?
Answer:
Dangling Pointer could be defined as a pointer that doesn’t point to a valid memory location. 
Dangling pointers are created when an object is deleted or deallocated, without modifying the
value of the pointer, so that the pointer still points to the memory location of the deallocated
memory.
Q18. What is a NULL pointer?
Answer:
A NULL pointer is often used to indicate that the pointer doesn’t point to a valid location.
In an ideal situation, we should initialize pointers as NULL if we are not aware of their value at
the time of declaration. 
Also, a pointer must be made NULL when memory pointed by it is deallocated in the middle of a
program.

Q19. What are the local static variables? What is their use?
Answer:
A local static variable could be defined as a variable whose life doesn’t end with a function call
where it is declared. 
Local static variable extends for the lifetime of the complete program.
All calls related to the function do share the same copy of local static variables. 
They can be used to count the number of times a function is called.
DO note that initially, static variables get the default value is 0.

Q20. What are static functions? What is their use?

Answer:
Functions happen to be global by default, in C. 
The static keyword before a function name makes the function static.
Access to static functions is restricted to the file where they are declared as compared to the
global functions.
Therefore, to restrict access to functions, we make them static. 
By making functions static, they can reuse the same function name in other files. 

Capgemini Interview Questions - Python 

Q21. Why is Python needed?

Answer:
 Python is a general-purpose and a high-level programming language and you could use Python
for developing desktop GUI applications, websites and web applications.
It lets you focus on the core functionality of the application by taking care of common
programming tasks.
The code in Python is easily readable and maintainable.
It supports multiple programming paradigms
It happens to be compatible with major platforms and systems
Most importantly Python does have a very robust standard library

Q22. Where is it used in real life?

Answer:
Python could be used in:

 Game development
 Web development
 Language development
 Operating systems
 Image processing
 Graphic design applications

Q23. What are the key features of Python?

Answer:
 Python is an interpreted language.
It is dynamically typed
Python functions happen to be first-class objects, in other words, they can be assigned to
variables, returned from other functions, and passed into functions.
Writing the code in Python is quicker but running it is comparatively slower than in other
languages
It could be used in many spheres of life, such as game development, web applications,
automation, and more.
Q24. How is memory managed in Python?
Answer:
The memory is managed by Python private heap space. All Python objects and data structures
are located in a private heap but the programmer does not have access to this private heap.
Instead, this is taken care of by the Python interpreter.

 Python’s memory manager is responsible for the allocation of heap space for Python
objects. The core API then gives access to a few tools for the programmer to code.
 It also has an inbuilt garbage collector, as the name suggests this basically recycles all the
unused memory and so that it can be made available to the heap space.

Q25. What are modules in Python?

Answer:
Python modules are could be referred to as files containing Python code and this code could
either be function classes or variables. Simply put, a Python module is a .py file containing
executable code.
Given below are some of the commonly used built-in modules:

 os
 sys
 math
 random
 data time
 JSON

Q26.  Explain namespace in Python.

Answer:
Variables are the names or identifiers that map to objects. Whereas the namespace is a dictionary
of variable names that could also be referred to as keys and their corresponding objects or values.
A Python statement can access variables in a local as well as the global namespace. If a local and
a global variable have the same name, then the local variable shadows the global variable.

Q27. What is a dictionary in Python?

Answer:
A dictionary in Python is the built-in data type. 
A dictionary in Python defines a one-to-one relationship between keys and values. 
They usually do contain a pair of keys and their corresponding values and are indexed by keys.

Capgemini Interview Questions - C++

Q28. Briefly explain the concept of Inheritance in C++.

Answer:
When C++ allows classes to inherit some of the commonly used states and behaviour from other
classes, it is known as inheritance.

Q29. Define C++

Answer:
C++ could be defined as a computer programming language that is a superset of C wherein
additional features are made in the C language.

Q30. Can we call C++ as OOPS? and Why?

Answer:
Yes, we can call C++ as OOPS. Object-Oriented Programming System means that it provides an
application of various concepts including data binding, polymorphism, inheritance, and various
others.

Q31. What is the function of the keyword “Volatile”?

Answer:
Volatile is a function that is used to declare whether the particular variable is volatile and thereby
directs the compiler to change the variable externally. 
This way helps in avoiding the compiler optimization on the variable reference.
Q32. Define storage class in C++? Name some?
Answer:
A storage class in C++ specifically resembles that of life or even the scope of symbols, including
the variables, functions, etc.
 Some of the storage classes in C++ are mutable, auto, static, extern, register, etc.
Q33. Explain ‘this’ pointer?
Answer:
The ‘this’ pointer could be referred to as a constant pointer that holds the memory address of the
current object. 
It passed off as a hidden argument to all the nonstatic member function calls and is available as a
local variable within the body of all the nonstatic functions.
The static member functions can be called even without any object, i.e. with the class name,
which is why the ‘this’ pointer is not available for them.
Q34. Why do we need the Friend class and function?
Answer:
At times there is a need for allowing a particular class to access private or protected members of
a class and to do so we make use of a friend class, that is capable of accessing the protected as
well as the private members of the class in which it is declared as a friend.
A friend function, on the other hand, can access private and protected class members. It could
either be a global function or a method of some class.

Capgemini Interview Questions - Project Related

Q35. What is your project about?

Answer:

 Do show your individuality in the project

 You might have worked on several projects, choose the right one.
 Instead of giving a long lecture, you should try giving a precise answer that would cover
up all the points.
  You could go as far as to add the challenges you faced and where this could have been
applied.

Q36. What are the tools and technologies used in your project?
Answer:

 This is a pretty important aspect of your project.

 This gives the interviewer a better understanding of your project and also about its
working.
 Try making your answer short and to the point.

Q37. The reason behind picking up a particular language for the project
Answer:

 This could be answered by talking about the merits of that particular language. Say, the
language could have a good ecosystem, vendor support is provided, it could integrate
with other languages as well, and more.
 It would be advantageous to prepare beforehand the languages you have used in your
project.

Q38. Your role in the project

Answer:

 Your role could be a small or a big one but the most important thing is how you portray
yourself.
 Be specific in terms of actual contributions that you brought to the table in your project,
in terms of how you added value to the main objective
 You might want to be modest by telling that it is teamwork but remember that it is an
interview for an individual, not a team.

Capgemini Interview Questions - HR

Q39.  Tell me about yourself.

Answer:
This question is asked to ease the candidate into the actual interview. Here are a few pointers that
could help you while answering this.

 Be succinct. Or in layman’s terms don’t waste your time regurgitating every single detail
of your life.
 Keep it professional but do inject some passion into your answer, this helps in engaging
the interviewer and also sets you apart from the rest.
 Try structuring your answer. You could first start with the present i.e your current
achievements, then the past that could consist of previous experience relevant to the job.
 Finally, the future could include what you are looking for and why you are interested in
the job.
 Remember, your answer will help the interviewer find their next question.

Q40. What’s your family background?

Answer:

 You must prepare for this question instead of fumbling.

 Try to show good values that have been inculcated in you by your parents
 You could even add a few things that have been taught to you by your family.

Q41. Why choose Capgemini?

Answer:

 To answer this question you will have to do your research on the company
 This question gives the interviewer the perfect opportunity to find more about your career
goals and how this job role will fit your plan.
 You could highlight a few points on the company’s general reputation, admiration for the
products and services offered by the company, the company values and other initiatives
taken by the company. 

Q42.  Are you comfortable with reallocation?

Answer:

 You could give a positive answer if you are willing to relocate anywhere they would like
 This would show that you would do anything necessary to be a part of the company and
the team
 Moving isn’t exactly the best situation that you could be in, even though the job
opportunity is exactly what you’re looking for. Be confident while you are answering and
if you do have queries about this, you could ask.

Q43. What is the toughest decision that you have made in your life?
Answer:

 The interviewer asks this question to see how well you can handle stressful situations.
 This question could also be a good judge of your critical thinking skills
 Firstly, pick the right challenge
 Then discuss your options, how you weighed them and what made you choose one of
them.
 This should exhibit your ability to remain calm and solve problems in a difficult
situation.

Q44. Have you had any gaps in your academic years?

Answer:
  If you haven’t had a gap during your academic years you could simply say no. But if you
have had gaps in your academic years, here’s how you could reply.
 Give the interviewer a simple explanation of what you did during your gap year.
 The reasoning behind your gap year proves to be compelling for an interview.
 You could then further explain how your gap year helped you gain invaluable skills.

Q45. Did you work as a team leader?

Answer:

 You could give an example that exhibits your decision and problem-solving skills
  By working as a team leader, the interviewer now becomes aware that you are an
excellent communicator and a good motivator.