ACTIVITY # 3

Solve the following problems. Show clean and complete details of your work for
each number.

1. What is the measure in mil unit equivalent to one and one – half of a revolution
clockwise?
A. 9,600 mils C. 600 mils
B. – 9,600 mils D. – 600 mils

Solution:

The angle is negative because that is rotated clockwise. Let  be the angle.

 6,400 mils 
 = – 1.5 rev.  
 1 rev. 
 = – 9,600 mils

Y
Y

3π
2. Convert rad to grads unit.
20
A. 45 grads C. 30 grads
B. 60 grads D. 40 grads

Solution:
3π  400 grads 
rad   = 30 grads
20  2π rad 

3. Find an angle in degree unit that measures 12o more than twice its complement.
A. 26o C. 39o
B. 64o D. 51o

Solution:

Let: x = the angle

 90o – x = the supplement

Equation:
x = 2( 90o – x ) + 12o
x = 180o – 2x + 12o
3x = 192o
x = 64o

4. Simplify the expression sinx + cosxcotx?

A. cscx C. cos2x
B. tanx D. sin2x

Solution:
 cos x 
sinx + cosxcotx = sinx + cosx  
 sin x 
sin2 x  cos 2 x
sinx + cosxcotx =
sin x
1
sinx + cosxcotx =
sin x

sinx + cosxcotx = cscx

Another Solution: Assign a value for x then solve for the value of the given.
Say x = 12o( any value ).

sinx + cosxcotx = sin12o + cos12ocot12o

sinx + cosxcotx = 4.81

Substitute to the choices: x = 12o

A. cscx = csc12o = 4.81 C. cos2x = ( cos12o )2 = 0.96
B. tanx = tan12o = 0.21 D. sin2x = sin( 2( 12o ) ) = 0.406

Therefore A. cscx.

cos x tan x  sin x

5. Simplify the expression ?
cos x
A. cscx C. cos2x
B. 2tanx D. sin2x

Solution:
 sin x 
cos x    sin x
cos x tan x  sin x
=  cos x 
cos x cos x
 cos x tan x  sin x sin x  sin x
=
cos x cos x
cos x tan x  sin x 2 sin x
=
cos x cos x

cos x tan x  sin x

= 2tanx
cos x

Another Solution: Assign a value for x then solve for the value of the given.
Say x = 12o( any value ).

cos x tan x  sin x cos 12 o tan 12 o  sin 12 o

=
cos x cos 12 o
cos x tan x  sin x
= 0.425
cos x

Substitute to the choices: x = 12o

A. cscx = csc12o = 4.81 C. cos2x = ( cos12o )2 = 0.96
B. 2tanx = 2tan12o = 0.425 D. sin2x = sin( 2( 12o ) ) = 0.406

Therefore B. 2tanx.

6. An angle  in standard position has its terminal side passes through ( - 2, 4 ). Find
the cosine of .
5
A. C. 2 5
5
5
B. – D. – 2 5
5

Solution:

P( - 2, 4 )
y=4 r

x=-2
x
cos =
r= x2 y2 = 2 2  4 2 r
2
r= 2 5 cos =
2 5

5
cos = 
5
7. There exist a value of x in degree unit such that the sine of the expression ( 2x – 36 )o
is equal to the cosine of the expression ( 4x + 12 )o. The value of x could be
A. 15 C. 19
B. 14 D. 0

Solution:

sin( 2x – 36o ) = cos( 4x + 12o )

sin( 2x – 36o ) = sin( 90o – ( 4x + 12o ) )
2x – 36o = - 4x + 78o
x = 19o

8. A wire is stretched so that one end is on top of a vertical wall and the other end is on
the horizontal ground. The wire reaches a point 3.2 ft from the foot of the wall, and
makes an angle of 63o with the ground. Find the height of the wall and the length of
the wire.
A. h = 6.28 ft, L = 7.05 ft C. h = 5.36 ft, L = 6.75 ft
B. h = 7.05 ft, L = 6.28 ft D. h = 6.75 ft, L = 5.36 ft

Solution:

Let: h = the height of the wall

L = length of the wire

wall
L
wire h

63o

3.2 ft
h 3 .2
For h: tan 63 =
o
For L: cos 63o =
3 .2 L
3 .2
h = 3.2tan63o L=
cos 63 o

h = 6.28 ft L = 7.05 ft

9. The upper end of a ladder reaches a window of a building 10 ft above the ground
when the lower end of the ladder is 15 ft from the base of the building. A second
window of the same building is 6 ft directly above the first. How far should the lower
end of the ladder be placed from the base of the building in order that the upper end of
the ladder will reach the second window?
A. 7.12 ft C. 8.31 ft
B. 7.58 ft D. 8.68 ft.
 Solution:

ladder
lower window

L
10 ft

15 ft
By Pythagorean Theorem: L2 = 152 + 102
L2 = 325
L = 18.03 ft

Upper window
ladder

L 16 ft

By Pythagorean Theorem: x2 + 162 = L2

x2 + 162 = ( 18.03 )2
x2 = 69.08
x = 8.31 ft

10. A flagpole is standing on top of a pedestal. At a point A on the level ground and 18 ft
from the base of the pedestal, the angle of elevation of the top of the pedestal is 34o.
Also from point A, the angle of elevation of the top of the flagpole is 56.31o. Find the
height of the pedestal and the height of the flagpole.
A. hp = 11.86 ft, hf = 12.15 ft C. hp = 12.12 ft, hf = 14.88 ft
B. hp = 13.15 ft, hf = 15.75 ft D. hp = 10.18 ft, hf = 13.26 ft
 Solution:

hf

hp
56.31 o

A 34

18

hp h
For pedestal: tan 34o = For flagpole: tan 56.31o =
18 18
hp = 12.12 ft h = 27
hf = h – hp
hf = 27 – 12.12
hf = 14.88 ft

11. Two observation towers A and B are standing vertically on a horizontal ground. From
the top of tower A, the angle of elevation of the top of tower B is 12o, and the angle of
depression of the base of tower B is 48o. If tower B is 32 m high, find the height of
tower A and the distance between the two towers.
A. 25.85 m C. 29.12 m
B. 24.14 m D. 26.86 m

Solution:

32 – hA
12o
48o

hB = 32 m
hA

48o

x
 hA 32  h A
tan 48o = tan 12o =
x x
x = 0.90 hA --------- ( 1 ) x( tan12o ) = 32 – hA --------- ( 2 )

substitute ( 1 ) to ( 2 ): ( 0.90hA )tan12o = 32 – hA

0.1913hA = 32 – hA
1.1913hA = 32
hA = 26.86 m

12. A straight road is heading N 24o W. A man driving on the road observes that at a
point A on the road, an observation tower is located at 34o E of N. When he reach
point B on the road, 1000 m from A, he observed that the tower is now located 53o E
of S. Estimate the shortest distance from the tower to the road.
A. 515.12 m C. 319.75 m
B. 214.95 m D. 411.82 m

Solution:

Let: x = the shortest distance from the tower to the road

a = the distance from A to D
1,000 – a = distance from B to D

53o
29o

1,000 – a 93o C
x

D
1,000 m
58o
24o
a
34o

A
 x
Consider triangle ADC: tan 58o =
a
a = 0.625x ---------------- ( 1 )

x
Considering right triangle BDC: tan 29o = ----------- ( 2 )
1,000  a

x
Substitute ( 1 ) to ( 2 ): tan 29o =
1,000  0.625 x

x = 554.31 – 0.346x
1.346x = 554.31
x = 411.82 m

13. From the top of a 120 m high tower, two objects A and B, in the plane of the base are
found to have angles of depression of 18o and 12o respectively. The horizontal angle
subtended by A and B at the foot of the tower is 52o. How far apart are the objects?
A. 445.41 m C. 218.19 m
B. 314.65 m D. 552.12 m

Solution:

Let: d = distance between A and B

D
18o

12
o

120 m
18o A
x

C 52o
d
y 12o

B
120
Considering right triangle ACD: tan 18o =
x
x = 369.32 m

120
Considering right triangle BCD: tan 12o =
y
y = 564.56 m
 Considering triangle ACB, by cosine law:

d2 = x2 + y2 – 2xycos 52o
d2 = ( 369.32 )2 + ( 564.56 )2 – 2( 369.32 )( 564.56 )cos 52o
d = 445.41 m

14. A survey instrument was set up at P, with a known elevation of 442.60 m above sea
level, and the angle of elevation of the top of a mountain was measured as 34.66o.
The instrument was moved to Q, 450 m nearer to the mountain but 25 m lower in
elevation than P, and the angle of elevation was 43.22o. Determine the elevation of
the top of the mountain.
A. 859.36 m C. 1,775.25 m
B. 828.92 m D. 1,689.62 m

Solution:
Triangle PST: Triangle QRT:
h h  25
tan 34.66o = tan 43.22o =
x  450 x
h h  25
0.6914 = 0.9397 =
x  450 x
h = 0.9397x – 25 --------- ( 2 )
h = 0.6914x + 310.5 ------- ( 1 )
T

P 34.66o
S
25 m 43.22o
Q R
450 m x

Substitute ( 2 ) to ( 1 ): 0.9397x – 25 = 0.6914x + 311.13

0.2483x = 336.13
x = 1,353.73 m

Substitute to ( 2 ): h = 0.9397( 1,353.73 ) – 25

h = 1,247.10 m

Elevation top T = 442.60 + 1,247.10 = 1,689.70 m

15. Ship Alpha started sailing N 40o32’ E at a rate of 3 mph. After 3 hours ship Gamma
started from the same point going S 45o18’ E at a rate of 4 mph. What is the bearing
of ship Gamma from ship Alpha 3 hours after Ship Gamma started?
A. S 8o 9’ W C. S 6o 42’ W
B. S 7o 11’ W D. S 9o 8’ W

Solution:


6( 3 ) = 18
40o32’

x
94o10’
45o18’

3( 4 ) = 12

x 18 2  122  2  12  18  cos 94o10'

x = 22.35 mi

sin θ sin 94o10'


12 22.35
 = 32o23’

 = 40o32’ – 32o23’
 = 8o09’

Bearing is S 8o09’ W.

16. A ship is sailing due west when a lighthouse is observed having a bearing of
N 58o28’ W. After the ship has travelled 2,125 m the lighthouse bears N 46o35’ W. If
the course is continued, how close will the ship pass the lighthouse?
A. 2,386 m C. 2,872 m
B. 3,568 m D. 3,709 m
 Solution:

11o53’

x
d

46o35’ 136 35’

o
58o28’
31 32’
o

2,125 m

By cosine law: By sine function:


x
sin 136 o35'


2,125

sin 11o53'   
sin 31o32' 
d
7,092 .60

x = 7,092.60 m d = 3,709 m

17. A vertical aerial AB, 9.60 m high, stands on a ground which is inclined at an angle of
12o with the horizontal. A stay connects the top of the aerial A to a point C on the
ground 10 m downhill from B, the foot of the aerial. Determine the angle that the stay
makes with the ground.
A. 41.60o C. 38.07o
B. 29.40o D. 39.20o

Solution:
A

9.60
x

102o

B
C 10
12o

By cosine law: x2 = 102 + 9.602 – 2( 10 )( 9.60 )cos( 102o )

x = 15.23 m
 sin θ sin102 o
By sine law: 
9.60 x
sin θ sin102 o

9.60 15.23

 = 38.07o

18. A tower stands vertically on a hillside which makes an angle of 22 degrees with the
horizontal. From a point 60 ft. up the hill from the foot of the tower, the angle of
elevation of the top of the tower is 35 degrees. How high is the tower?
A. 66.97 ft C. 57.96 ft
B. 59.76 ft D. 61.43 ft

Solution:

55o

57o 35o
68o
60 ft

By sine Law:
H 60

sin 57 o sin 55 o
H = 61.43 ft

19. Cocoy commissioned Praxie, contractor, to manufacture a window which is triangular

in shape. Cocoy described the window as triangle ABC with internal angle A= 42
degrees, length of side AB = 15 cm, and BC = 12 cm. How many distinct triangles can
Praxie construct using these dimensions?
A. 0 C. 2
B. 1 D. 3

Solution:

Given 2 sides and one angle opposite one of the given sides
B

c = 15 a = 12
h

42o
A C
 Solve for h: h = 15sin42o = 9.19

Possibility 1: if h > a, no triangle is formed

Possibility 2: if h < a and a< c, 2 triangles can be formed
Possibility 3: if h < a and a > c , 1 triangle is formed

Check the given: h = 9.19, a = 12, c = 15 ------- h < a, and a< c.

Therefore 2 triangles are possible.

The triangles are drawn below.

B B

c = 15 a = 12 c = 15
h a = 12

42o 42o
A C A C

20. Compute the smaller angle between the hands of the clock at 3:45 PM.
A. 157.5o C. 144.5o
B. 148.5o D. 154.5o

Solution:

6o

Note: one minute space = 6o

45 45
 
 12
 = 6o 30  45
12

 = 157.5o

x x π
21. Find the value of x if arctan + arctan = .
3 2 4
A. 3 C. 4
B. 1 D. 2
 Solution:

By substitution technique:

x x π
A. 3 ------ arctan + arctan =
3 2 4
3 3 ? π
arctan + arctan = .
3 2 4
1.768  0.785

x x π
B. 1 ------ arctan + arctan =
3 2 4
1 1 ? π
arctan + arctan = .
3 2 4
0.785 = 0.785 ( check )

Therefore x = 1.

22. Find the value of arcsine ( 2x + y ) given that

π π
sin – 1( 4x + 3y ) = and cos– 1( x + y ) = .
2 3
π π
A. C.
3 4
π
B. D. 0
6

Solution:

π
sin – 1( 4x + 3y ) = ---------- 4x + 3y = 1 --------------- ( 1 )
2
π
cos– 1( x + y ) = --------------- x + y = 0.50 ------------ ( 2 )
3

By calculator: x = – 0.50 and y=1

arcsine ( 2x + y ) = sin –1
( 2(– 0. 5 ) + 1 )
arcsine ( 2x + y ) = 0.

23. Of what quadrant is A located if cosA is positive and tanA is negative.

A. I C. III
B. II D. IV

Solution:
 Quadrant IV.

5 3
24. If tanA = and A in quadrant III, sinB =  and B in quadrant IV, find the value of
12 5
cos( A + B ).

63 63
A.  C.
65 65
5 5
B.  D.
13 13

Solution:

A = 180o + arctan( 5/12 ) = 202.62o A

x = – 12

y=–5

B = arcsin( – 3/5 ) = – 36.87o

B
y=–3
r=5

cos( A + B ) = cos( 202.62o – 36.87o )

63
cos( A + B ) = 
65

4
25. If tan = , which of the following is not correct?
x
4 x
A. sin θ  C. cot θ 
2
x  16 4

x x 2  16
B. cos θ  D. sec θ 
x 2  16 x

Solution:

x 2  16
4 x 2  16
sec θ  is not correct
 x