Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Topic 19: What would it be like if dinosaurs roamed the Earth? ............................90
1
Topic 20: If I could talk to animals… ....................................................................100
Topic 25: If I could change three things about the world, it would be… ..............127
Topic 27: If you were famous, what would you do? .............................................142
Topic 31: How I care for the environment every day ............................................150
2
Topic 42: If I were in charge, the rules I would make would be… .......................172
3
Phrases to Improve the Flow of
Your English Presentations
The Introduction
All good presentations start with a strong introduction. There are a number of
different ways you can open your English presentation, depending on your goal.
Here’s a simple, but effective introduction structure which works for most types of
business presentations:
Here are some phrases which you can use to structure the introduction in this way:
Introduce
Văn bản
4
6. I’m going to talk about…
7. The subject of my talk is…
Outline
8. My talk will be in (three parts).
9. In the first part…
10. Then in the second part…
11. Finally, I’ll go on to talk about… lastly
in conclusion/ to sum up
Questions
12. Please interrupt if you have any questions.
13. After my talk, there will be time for a discussion and any questions.
Main Body
Now that you have finished the introduction, we now need to transition to the main
body, and its individual parts in a smooth way.
There are three parts of the main body of a presentation where linking phrases can
be used:
Here are some phrases which you can use for these parts:
5
15. So, first…
16. To begin with…
Listing
25. There are three things to consider. First… Second… Third…
26. There are two kinds of… The first is… The second is…
27. We can see four advantages and two disadvantages. First, advantages…
28. One is… Another is… A third advantage is… Finally…
Sequencing
6
29. There are (four) different stages to the process.
30. First / then / next / after that / then (x) / after x there’s y.
31. There are two steps involved. The first step is… The second step is…
32. There are four stages to the project.
33. At the beginning / later / then / finally…
34. I’ll describe the development of the idea. First the background, then the present
situation, and then the prospect for the future.
Ending
After you have presented the main body of your English presentation, you will
want to end it smoothly.
Here are typical sections transitioning from the main body to the ending of the
presentation, and then inviting the audience to ask questions:
Here some phrases which you can use for these parts:
7
Beginning the Summary and/or Conclusion
37. To sum up…
38. Ok, in brief, there are several advantages and disadvantages.
39. To conclude…
40. I’d like to end by emphasizing the main points.
41. I’d like to end with a summary of the main points.
Concluding
42. I think we have seen that we should…
43. In my opinion, we should…
44. I recommend/suggest that we…
45. There are three reasons why I recommend this. First, … / Second, … /
Finally,...
An Ending Phrase
46. Well, I’ve covered the points that I needed to present today.
47. That sums up (my description of the new model).
48. That concludes my talk for today.
8
Conclusion
Linking phrases are like the skeleton which holds your presentation together.
Not only do they improve the flow and help guide the audience, by memorizing
them they can also help you remember the general structure of your presentation,
giving you increased confidence.
To help you memorize, I recommend saying the linking phrases on their own from
the beginning to the end of your presentation while you practice.
I also suggest memorizing the introduction word for word. By doing this, you will
get off to a great start, which will settle your nerves and transmit a positive first
impression.
9
Topic 1: Why I love my mom and dad
Sample
She is the perhaps the first riser in the morning. She wakes up before everybody
does and does work for the entire family. She cooks food for us all and gets
involved in household activities. She is also the one who goes to the bed late, after
everyone. She always prays for the family and tries her best possible attempt to
make the family free from household and other additional troubles.
What does she do?
Whenever we are called to attend social functions like marriages or birthday
parties, she takes us there. Same is the case with shopping. She often gets the
things which she assumes, I desire the most. She tries her best to keep me satisfied.
I’m nothing without my mother. I can never imagine a life without my mother. She
is the pillar structure of our household life. Whenever I do not see her after I come
back from school, I start feeling uneasy.
She is a God figure for every child. The God, we believe to be on the Earth is our
MOTHER. There is no one else in the universe who can love like a mother and
sacrifice almost everything just for the sake of us being happy. She can never be
10
replaced by anyone in our entire life. She sacrifices and assists us even in the most
difficult circumstances.
Her encouragement can make us do every possible thing in our life. She often
restricts us from doing certain things. That is all because of her attempt to make us
go on the right path. She is the embodiment of true love, care, and
sacrifices. Mother, you are in my heart and I adore you very much!
“I remember my mother’s prayers and they have always followed me. They have
clung to me all my life.” —Abraham Lincoln
My mother is a GOD for me. She is the one for which I am able to see the beautiful
universe around me. She is responsible for all the joy, happiness, pleasure or any
other emotion I am possessing right now. She keeps me shielded from everyone.
My mother becomes my umbrella when I get stuck in the rain. She supports me in
all my bad times. For me, it is because of her, that our home feel likes a ‘home’. I
have a very profound admiration in my heart for my mother. She is the first best
friend of everyone’s life. It is because no one can be fully authentic and genuine in
love like her. The proof that the bond of our love reflects upon is the fact that,
when we met with an accident, the first word we speak up is ‘mother’.
11
homework but also assists us in making decisions. She is strict at times, no doubt,
but she also has a very soft heart. She gently corrects us whenever we make a
mistake.
My mother plays a very significant role in our family. Early in the morning, she
cooks food for all of us. She helps me and my brother to get ready for school. After
we go to school, she spends her time in household activities. She also has a praying
session in the early part of the day. She prays for us, hoping to see us brighter,
every day. Furthermore, she, in the afternoon and at the night cooks food for us
again. This way her day gets over. Serves the entire family, still, we do not have
any concrete recognition of her work and end up not praising her.
She is never tired of giving us love and affection. Considering my mother’s love to
be an ocean, it can never be waterless. She is unique and is irreplaceable by anyone
else in the universe. We cannot find any kind of love in the world which is
comprehensively mighty, liberal and genuine. She removes all the darkness from
our life and brings out light.
To be honest, the need and value of a mother are known by the one who doesn’t
have someone to call ‘mother’. The ones having a mother beside them must
appreciate their presence. There are still some wicked mentality people who, after
marriages keep their parents in old age home which is completely pathetic. When
we were young, she never left us. She assisted us in every possible decision we
take, yet she is being kept aside by their kids after they grow old. That is the time
when we must actually spend time with her, share feelings and emotions and try to
keep her smiling. We must never for forget that our mother is the sunshine of our
life! Those pathetic wicked minded people must never be accepted in the society.
12
There might be a lot of sadness attached to our mother’s face which she keeps
hidden. We must try to understand her of her feelings and make her smile all the
time, no matter whatever the circumstance is. Mom, you are in my soul and I love
you.
13
Your Presentation
Hello everyone, today, I plan to say a few words about……………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
14
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
15
Respond (v) to st: Phản ứng với cái gì
This phrase is the gateway drug of parenting sayings. Once a parent blurts out
phản ứng
"Because I said so," in response to a child, their transformation is complete. It's a
quick jump from "Because I said so," to all the other classics (which you'll
Tình cờ incidentally find on this list). This particular phrase is a parent's way of planting
her flag firmly in adulthood.
It's her way of drawing a line between her children and her. "Because I said so,"
WHY
means the children must accept rules and regulations simply because their parents
Thiết lập
have set the agenda. It's the way to establish a natural order of power and to lead
from the top. So much oomph is packed into that one short phrase.
have argument with: tranh luận/ cãi vã với ai
And it almost always gets blurted out in the heat of an argument with a defensive
Chấp hành
WHEN child who does not want to comply with the family rules. Does it sound like a
dictator? Sure does, but democracy is for building free nations, not households
with adults raising children.
Parents, especially fathers, favor, "Money doesn't grow on trees," because they
quickly learn that having kids is often equivalent to going bankrupt. At first, the
kids can't be blamed. When they're babies, they need diapers, food, healthcare, and
all those contraptions (car seats, cradles, swings). But it's out of their hands.
Blame sb (for doing st): đổ tội cho ai vì làm gì
VD: I blame the cat (for breaking the vase)
16
They didn't ask for life. Parents decided to bring them into the world, after all. So,
spending on them doesn't seem so bad. Besides, babies are so flipping cute, moms
and dads could care less. The thing about kids is they get less cute as they grow up
and especially when they get a mouth on them.
Sort (v): Phân loại
Sort (n): Thể loại
The kids get older and begin asking for all sorts of stuff, including toys, video
games, computers, smart phones, and the list goes on and on. Maybe they aren't as
grateful as they should be. And some are downright spoiled from the gilded baby
years. The material items get progressively more expensive as does the resentment
on the part of parents, not to mention the dwindling bank account.
to be grateful for: biết ơn về điều gì
That is about the time when the "Money doesn't grow on trees" statements start
dropping like rain in April. The kids don't know what hit them.
I'M COUNTING TO 5
Ah, sometimes parents need a time out, too. When they feel the heat overcoming
them and they might blow, they take a deep breath and tell their kid, "I'm counting
to five." Granted, some moms prefer three. But the idea is the same. They want to
give themselves a chance to cool down and collect their thoughts.
And they want their kids to get into gear and do whatever is being asked of them.
For generations, parents have used this method to instill some fear in their kids and
gain a little bit of control. No children ever want to find out what happens if they
don't comply by the time mom gets to the last number.
17
So, rooms get cleaned, shoes are put on, and homework gets started in those all
important five seconds. It's like mom's prayer, and whatever she asks for gets
answered.
Although healthy eating has become extra trendy in recent years, moms have been
telling kids to eat their vegetables for generations. This saying is tied with "Eat,
there are kids dying in whatever country is struggling with famine at the moment."
It's a torturous beginning to a night full of angst, yelling, crying, and usually little
eating.
It's a surefire way to ruin dinner, which might be why parenting experts have
suggested telling kids to eat their veggies isn't the most effective way of getting
them to eat. The funny thing about telling kids to clean their plates or eat veggies is
that it's usually their first lesson in hypocrisy.
Mom and dad rarely finish everything on their plates, nor do they eat enough
vegetables, unless pizza and French fries count. Let's be honest here. Put brussel
sprouts or broccoli on a dish, and tell everyone to dig in, and no one in the family
is going to jump for joy. Unless mom is serving chocolate zucchini cake (with
sugar), she is going to have a hard time convincing the brood, including herself, to
eat.
18
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
19
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
20
Topic 3: What I do in the bathroom.
Your Presentation
Hello everyone, today, I plan to say a few words about……………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
21
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
22
Topic 4: My family’s traditions
Family Traditions essay
As a rule, family traditions are important in the life of each family and each family
member. The maintenance of family traditions and conveying family history from
one member to another is exactly what makes the family the solid unit, whose
members feel close relations and unity. In this regard, I can refer to the experience
of my own family, which like any other family has its traditions and history, which
shape views and values of each family member.
In fact, family traditions and cultural legacy affects consistently individual self-
identification. Each family member is vulnerable to the impact of family traditions
and cultural legacy since the early days of his or her life (Walker, 181). People
cannot live in isolation from their family. As a rule, they start their life in the
family and grow up in the family environment. Naturally, in such a situation, they
are vulnerable to the impact of family. More important, they learn key values from
the family and steadily individuals adapt those values to the extent that those
values become their individual values. Anyway, personal views of family members
are affected consistently by family values and traditions.
23
we take the mutual support of family members for granted. Even when we are
apart and have not seen each other for years, we will definitely help each other just
because we are the family.
We learn our family values and how they were shaped from the history of our
family. The history of our family is shared between its members from the elder
generation to the younger. For instance, I recall my grandfather telling me about
his life and the life of his parents. His wartime stories were particularly interesting
for me because he participated in World War II and that was really hard time for
our family. Also I recall his stories about the Great Depression, when our family
was on the edge of survival. Definitely, I would tell the history of my family to my
children and grandchildren just like grandfather did. In such a way, the process of
sharing history of our family occurs, as the history is conveyed from an elderly
family member to a younger one.
Each family member learns to respect our family history since early childhood. We
learn to respect values of our family and its traditions. In the course of education of
each individual family member, he or she learns basic family values, while the
family history helps him or her to understand how those traditions and values were
shaped and why he or she should respect them. For instance, as I learned the
history of my family life in the time of Great Depression, I accustomed to take
financial difficulties easy as provisional problems because I am certain that my
family will help me as well as I will help my family and altogether we will stumble
through the hardest time.
However, the family history and values go far beyond the regular actions we
perform or stories we tell each other or recall together (Meinke, 156). In fact, the
family history and values are uniting factors that make our family members really
24
close to each other. Our family history is our past and our values have been
conveyed from parents to children, generation after generation.
In fact, our family history and values make us feel being members of our unique
but small community. For instance, achievements of my ancestors make me proud
that I am a member of my family and I want to make my children and
grandchildren to be proud of me. The family history and traditions and family
values help people to feel being members of the small community – their family.
However, this community is probably the most important in their life.
The maintenance of our family traditions and values is very important for family
members because it helps our family to survive in hardest times. People attempt to
convey their family history and family traditions from one generation to another
not just because they want to tell each other noteworthy stories (Fierstein, 195).
Instead, they want to share common values and respect traditions, which were
important for their ancestors.
Thus, taking into account all above mentioned, it is important to place emphasis on
the fact that family traditions, history and values are crucial for the formation of an
individual cultural identity and personal values and views. The family is small but
highly influential community, which people can never ignore.
Your Presentation
Hello everyone, today, I plan to say a few words about……………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
26
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
27
Go on/ Spend a vacation/ holiday: Đi nghỉ Kỳ nghỉ
6 (800 WORDS)
The journey started with a visit from my town to my ancestral village and then to a
wildlife reserve, which, I am sure you too will plan to go this vacation, after going
through my experiences.
28
The journey began on the next day of my summer vacation. These arrangements
were made well in advance by my father, supposedly when I was preparing for my
exams. When I came back home after writing my last exam, my mother and sister
were already packing for the journey. Though, I knew that we were going to visit
our grandparent’s village and staying there for a couple of days; I had no idea
about the further planned trip.
The journey to the village was smooth one. We started well ahead to the train’s
arrival time and reached the platform before its arrival time. It is a three hours of
train journey from my city to the grandparent’s village, passing through lush green
agricultural fields and glimpses of village life.
When we got down from the train, I saw my grandfather waving at us and walking
towards us, accompanied by my cousins. After exchanging initial greetings, we
started walking towards our house which was a couple of kilometers from the
station. Though, there is a road to reach the house, we rather took rather secluded
trails, passing through the fields.
There is something mesmerizing about an Indian village, the cool breeze, the peace
and calm, the smell and sound of cattle and the distant sound of a pumping set
from the fields, entices you and make you cherish every passing moment of it.
The food, milk and even water, everything tastes so much better in village than in
the city. We stayed at village for four days, during which I met many of my
relatives, elders and friends from the village. I even went to our family’s
agricultural field and learnt few tips of farming. Four days passed quickly and the
day soon arrived, when we had to move on a further journey. However, it appeared
that there were few surprises waiting for me.
29
Trip to the Dudhwa National Park
When the day arrived, I was in for two surprises. Firstly, that we were going to
“Dudhwa National Park” and secondly that my grandparents were also going with
us.
Dudhwa tiger reserve is a protected area spanning over 1280 sq Km in the state of
Uttar Pradesh. It stretches across the districts of Lakhimpur Kheri and Bahraich,
sharing the northeastern boundary with Nepal.
We reached the park in evening and stayed in a simple yet comfortable resort,
having all the comforts and basic amenities. The staff was very helpful and the
food simply delicious. The resort was surrounded by forest on all sides and was
securely fenced and well-guarded. We fell to sleep listening to the voices of jungle
fowls and animals coming from a distance.
Next morning, we all woke up early and got ready for the jungle safari. The safari
was organized by the forest department, in open roof bus, with a guard and an
experienced guide onboard. As soon as we entered the forest, we started seeing
birds and animals, which we have only seen in books and television. Birds like
Bengal Florican and great slaty woodpecker were a delight to watch. Different
species of lizards were also seen crawling to cover.
30
As we progressed deeper, many species of deer- swamp deer, barasingha and chital
came into view. We were also lucky enough to spot barking deer, which is very
difficult to spot due to its shy nature. On our third and last day we were lucky
enough to spot a tiger lurking in the bushes. With this last sighting our journey
came to an end and we headed back home on the same evening.
Conclusion
Summer vacation is the best time of the year in any student’s life. A month or more
of fun time at your disposal is nothing less than a blessing. There are number of
ways to spend a summer vacation, although we must spend it in such a way, so that
we learn new things and gain new experiences. Also, take care to not to harm or
disregard anyone during your enjoyment.
Your Presentation
Hello everyone, today, I plan to say a few words about……………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
31
Finally, I’ll go on to talk about………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
32
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
33
Topic 6: What is my favorite song
DESCRIBE YOUR FAVORITE SONG
Music is a very significant aspect in the life of the human being that plays a very
vital role in educating, influencing and entertaining people. Although, music is a
very broad field, it has attracted and influenced many people. In fact, once music is
played, it draws the attention of almost every person around. There are wide
varieties and forms of music which include gospel, reggae, locals and hip hop
among many others.
However, different people from various regions and background have different
tastes for music. Some people like gospel music, others like reggae music while
prefer locals to any other form of music. Nevertheless, almost all people have got
one thing in common, that is, they are in mad love with certain tunes of music.
On hearing the tune, my heart relaxed and calmness overwhelmed my nerves. I felt
a sense of joy running down my streams despite the hardships and challenges I was
34
facing after losing one of my beloved pals. Though I was feeling lonely and
eradicate from the rest of the word, this song really changed my sad moods.
The beats of the song brings the sense of humility and humbleness in my life. The
fact that I love gospel music and more specifically worship songs has played a
significant role on the influence of this song in to my life. The song as well acts as
my prayer to the almighty God, as it is my desire to be close to his throne.
Every time I feel lonely, stressed or in bad moods, I just listen to this song which
really helps me to overcome my negative feelings and situations and give me
courage and strength to face these challenges with boldness. Draw Me Close by
Michael W. Smith is really a blessing song which I will ever love to listen every
minute of my life.
35
Your Presentation
Hello everyone, today, I plan to say a few words about……………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
36
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
37
Topic 7: My favorite season of the year is…
Describe your favorite season of the year.
Band 8 Sample:
Today, I am going to tell you about my favorite season. Honestly, I love all the
seasons but I think my favorite is spring. Usually, it starts at the end of December
in our country and lasts till the middle of March.
The weather in Vietnam is the best during spring because you will not suffer
from the excessive heat of summer or the freezing wind of winter. The
temperature is tolerable both day and night. One of the best things about spring is
that, during this poetic season, nature displays itself in beautiful green and flowers
are noticed everywhere. Fruit trees, such as cherry and apricot trees are in full
blossom, and colorful flowers such as daffodils and marigolds bloom in parks and
gardens. The sounds of spring are wonderful too. A typical spring day will begin
when some birds start their morning chorus as they look for a mate. We also
celebrate Tet, one of the most anticipated holidays by the Vietnamese people. This
38
is an occasion for pilgrimages, family reunions and many festivals. Parties full of
delicious traditional dishes are the main theme for the whole holiday of Tet.
I am of the opinion that different kinds of weather can affect people’s health. Even
among those in the prime of health, an excessively hot or cold day can lead to
illness or injury, let alone the elderly, who can be more susceptible to extreme
weather conditions. Weather can also make a huge impact on people’s lives.
Obviously, the weather dictates what you are going to wear for the day, often
depending on the time of year. Also, winter snow storms in Western countries can
cancel school or make your morning commute a hassle.
Vocabulary highlights:
39
OutdoorS (adv): ngoài trời
adventures. This is what I can do for the summer (why I prefer it):
40
Summer is the hottest season in a year, but thanks to the long holiday, the children
are having a lot of fun. This is a very fun and pleasant season because they have
swimming, hilly areas, ice cream and the opportunity to eat their favorite fruits.
They enjoy long-term study during summer vacation. We offered several articles
on summer vacation, with different word restrictions, to help students assigned by
teachers write paragraphs and complete papers on this topic, with different word
restrictions. You can choose a summer passage or paper according to your need
and requirements.
Summer is one of the four seasons. Although it is the hottest season in a year,
children like summer vacation, but summer vacation can be enjoyed in various
ways. In the summer, the rotation axis of the earth tilts toward the sun during
annual rotation around the sun. In the summer it brings very hot and dry weather
(Mediterranean) and rain (East Asia due to the weather). Depending on the
location, from spring to summer, storms and thunderstorms (especially hail, strong
winds, tornadoes occurring) are very common.
41
Topic 8: My favourite time of day or week.
My favourite time of the day is between 5 p.m. and 7 p.m. This is the time when
the sun is setting and the air is cooling down. At this time I either go for a stroll,
play some games or sit quietly watching the activities around me.
However, I cannot just sit quietly all the time. My parents sometimes ask me to
mow the lawn or help them with some gardening tasks. This I do gladly for the air
is nice and cool. Working under a hot sun is one thing I do not like. In the evening
the sun is soft and gentle. It is pleasant to potter around the garden then.
Again, it is pleasant to stroll around or play games when the sun is not hot in the
evening. In fact, many people come out of their houses to breathe in the cool
evening air and to relax a bit, unless it is raining. This is the time of the day when
the playing fields parks and other recreational areas are filled with people. I guess
it is only my favourite time of the day. It is many people’s favourite time as well.
Your Presentation
42
Good morning/evening everyone/ladies and gentlemen. Today, I’m going to talk
about…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
My talk will be divided into…………………parts.
In the first part, I’ll mention…………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Next, in the second part, I’ll talk about……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I’ll go on to talk about………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
After my talk, there will be time for a discussion and any questions.
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
43
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
44
Topic 9: 3 of my favorite words
1. Love
I know it sounds like a cliché but the love I get from my family and my dogs
makes me want to wake up in the mornings.
2. Motivate
I love reading inspirational books or attending seminars. It reminds me that it’s not
impossible to achieve what I want; I need to keep moving forward.
3. Success
This is my last word because its what I want in life. I want to be successful as a
student.
4. Strength
I keep reminding myself that I need to be strong, no matter what happens.
Your Presentation
Good morning/evening everyone/ladies and gentlemen. Today, I’m going to talk
about…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
My talk will be divided into…………………parts.
In the first part, I’ll mention…………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Next, in the second part, I’ll talk about……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
45
Finally, I’ll go on to talk about………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
After my talk, there will be time for a discussion and any questions.
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
46
……………………………………………………………………………………….
47
Topic 10: 3 favorite things to buy at the market
Your Presentation
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
48
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
49
Topic 11: If I went to my favorite restaurant I would order…
Your Presentation
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
50
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
51
Topic 12: Mom and my favorite place to visit is..
What is your favorite place you have visited in the world?
Switzerland
It is surreal. = mesmerizing
The grass is a deeper shade of green here. The sweeping valleys make you want to
find a small cottage and settle down there in peace.
The water is in fifty shades of blue. Most of the lakes look like you are looking
through a live Instagram filter.
No, I am sorry, no filter can compare to the natural beauty of lake Lungern or
Brienze or other alpine beauties.
52
The extensive snow covered mountain ranges make this country adventure seekers’
heaven. We visited in summer but could imagine what a winter wonderland this
place will be in months of snow.
Matterhorn - the most photographed mountain in the world, Jungfrau - the highest
point of Europe, Schilthorn - the James Bond mountain - Alps is in its full glory
here. These mountains and slopes make Swiss Alps one among the best Ski-ing
destination.
The Swiss villages deserve a special mention. We chose to live away from the
bustling cities in a quaint little village by the lake Thun for a few days. That was
the best travel decision we ever made. This was the view of sunset from our room.
Every morning we would walk through the green fields by the lake to the boat
dock. Or the small train station which has only one train. One hour of ride on boat
or train would take us to the nearest big city. This is the way to the boat dock we
walked every day.
After an entire day of traveling, we would head back home from the train through
some mesmerizing scenery. Last rays of sun, first rays of moon, the quiet wind
blowing through the mountains, the church bell, the old couple walking the dark
53
dirt roads after dinner, it all seemed to make us feel what home is. We didn't feel
like we traveled to Switzerland. It felt like home. Home of Mother Nature.
Apologies for the quality of photos. They are all taken on my phone, so the real
scenary is a few hundred times better. I cannot even begin to portray the beauty
that Switzerland is, especially the remote countryside.
The small villages on the mountains like Wengen or Murren gave us a good
glimpse of Swiss culture and food.
But as travelers, we are enticed by natural beauty above everything else. And if
you are anything like us, Switzerland will take your breath away.
54
Your Presentation
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
55
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
56
Topic 13: My favorite thing about summer
Your Presentation
To start with,……………………………....................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Now let’s move to the second part of my talk which is about,………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
57
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I want to mention……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
58
Topic 14: Favorite sundae toppings
The 12 Best Ice Cream Toppings, Ranked
We all scream for ice cream, but what about toppings? Sure, a plain vanilla or
chocolate cone can be satisfying, but sometimes we need something extra. That's
where toppings come in. There seems to be endless topping options wherever you
go, so it's good to know the best ice cream toppings.
1. Hot fudge
2. Sprinkles
59
3. Caramel
If hot fudge isn't your thing, caramel
probably is. Caramel has a buttery taste
that isn't super overpowering, so a drizzle
here and there works perfectly to
compliment any flavor. Just try to keep the
caramel inside the bowl, or you'll have a
sticky situation on your hands...literally.
4. Oreos
C'mon, Cookies and Cream is one of the
most popular ice cream flavors of all time,
so you know people like their ice cream
with Oreos. If you don't want the
smoothness of your ice cream to get
messed up by the crunchiness of Oreos,
mix the Oreos in and wait for them to soften up for the perfect bite.
60
ice cream, I will assume either two things: 1. You forgot to add them and are
finding a way to get some or 2. You're allergic to peanut butter and can't eat them.
If you don't have peanut allergies, give your ice cream some peanut lovin'.
6. Cookie dough
7. Whipped cream
61
8. Hard chocolate coating
9. Melted marshmallows
62
10. Cereal
11. Nuts
63
12. Fruit
While anything on top of ice cream tastes good, I think these are the best ice cream
toppings. From a classic topping like hot fudge, to a newbie like cookie dough,
toppings make ice cream fun. If you can't decide on just one topping, you can
always get them all.
64
Your Presentation
65
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
66
Topic 15: Three thing I know how to cook is…
7 foods everyone should know how to cook
We talked to professional chefs and culinary schools to find out what recipes
aspiring home cooks should master, and each suggestion will also lead you to more
recipes to try out in the kitchen.
67
While everyone seems to have their own additions to a scrambled egg recipe (such
as cheese, butter, oil, or cream, among others), the technique should be spot on.
Scrambling eggs is a quick process, but it can also go south fast.
"Doing them wrong is unforgivable," Liya Swift of Chef Apprentice School of the
Arts (CASA) told INSIDER.
Remember to cook them low and slow for best results. No one wants to eat burnt
eggs.
Swift recommends that home cooks know how to properly roast a chicken. Roasted
chicken can go far. Whether you serve it as-is with vegetables, top a creamy pasta
with it, toss it into a salad, or shred it for tacos, a roasted chicken can make many
meals delicious.
68
It's also versatile, in that it can take any number of seasonings for a different flavor
profile. It's great for preparing meals in advance. Once you have that down, you
can master many recipes.
Take a simple pasta dinner to the next level with homemade spaghetti meat sauce.
Swift told INSIDER that mastering spaghetti meat sauce is important. It's going to
taste fresher than store-bought tomato sauce, and it will elevate both the dish and
your leftovers. If you're vegan or vegetarian, you don't have to be left out. Play
around with different proteins until you find a taste and texture you love, then wow
your friends and family with the results.
69
Boxed macaroni and cheese is fine and all, but making macaroni and cheese from
scratch is infinitely better. Swift recommends that everyone should know how to
make good macaroni and cheese on their own, no powdered cheese required. The
results are impressive and delicious, and you'll be surprised at just how easy and
cheap it is to make it yourself. You might never eat the boxed stuff again.
70
Whether you are hosting brunch or surprising a loved one with breakfast, pancakes
are an easy way to boost your credibility in the kitchen. Plus, once you have this
quick meal down, you can easily upgrade it further with customized toppings or
fillings. Mix in chocolate chips or blueberries, or try filling the insides with a
chocolate hazelnut spread. Even plain pancakes topped with sliced fruit can be an
eye-catching dish that is simple to prepare.
71
Chef Raymond Dawson of the Culinary Institute of America told INSIDER that
home cooks should become skilled at making basics like stocks and the "mother
sauces," or the basis of most other sauces.
Making stock isn't difficult, but relying on homemade over store-bought will make
all the difference in the world to the soups and sauces the stock for which the stock
is used.
72
Dawson told INSIDER that the recipes just aren't as important as the techniques.
That's because not everyone is going to love or even be able to eat certain recipes,
whether for medical, religious, cultural, or other personal reasons.
But as Dawson says, "If you know how to cook, saute, braise and poach, you can
execute any recipe the way it was written."
73
Your Presentation
74
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
75
Topic 16: Different ways to eat an apple
7 Different Ways To Eat An Apple
1. Classic
2. Slice
3. Apple Sauce
76
(optional), and bring it to a boil. Cover the saucepan, reduce the heat and let it
simmer while stirring occasionally for 20 minutes or until it is tender. You can also
heat the applesauce in the microwave, uncovered, at high for 12 minutes, pausing
to stir twice. Once your applesauce is heated, let it stand for 5 minutes.
4. Apple Pie
77
6. Apple Chips
Bake these in the oven until the apples are dry and the edges curl up. This will take
45 minutes to an hour.
7. Caramel Apples
78
Your Presentation
79
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
80
Topic 17: A day in the life as a fly
Your Presentation
81
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
82
Topic 18: What my dog is thinking
What Do Dogs Think About?
Sometimes we feel like we could stare into our dog's adorable eyes forever.
But sometimes, when we're snuggling with our number one pup, we wonder what
exactly goes on behind those eyes. What kinds of thoughts or feelings are going on
in their head. We pulled together some of the latest research to find out what
exactly our dogs are thinking about.
83
Dr. Jill Sackman, senior medical director of BluePearl Veterinary Partners in
Michigan, was emphatic in her response. "Oh my gosh yes! They probably have
the level of cognition of a 3 to 5-year-old human," she said. And that's pretty
good. By that age, human toddlers have definitely started to understand the world
around them. That means there's quite a bit going on in our dogs' heads, and it's
pretty fascinating. In fact, scientists have been studying dog brains to understand
better how they think and why. Using state of the art imaging technology, scientists
have been looking at what's going on in our canines' craniums.
While imaging a dog's brain, scientists let dogs smell the aroma of their owners,
and it activated the "reward center" of their brains. So just the smell of their
humans makes dogs giddy. Our dogs also think a lot about how we're feeling. In
84
fact, their brains are in tune to the inflections of emotion in our voice in a similar
way to humans. Their brains are constantly in tune to their humans, which explains
why they're so good at comforting us.
85
WOOF: Do Dogs Have Long-Term Memory?
The majority of the dogs responded to both options equally, so they love both
about the same. About 20 percent of the dogs actually responded more positively
to the praise than they did to the food. Dr. Berns explained, "From that, we
conclude that the vast majority of dogs love us at least as much as food."
We've always been surprised when we spend time away from a family member or
friend's dog, and yet when we see them again, the recognition is instant. Now,
some of that may be due to our pups' abilities to detect the most subtle smells, but
that isn't the whole story.
86
Dr. Berns and his team showed dogs objects and faces, and he found that dogs'
brains seem to process faces naturally, as if they were designed to do it. That
means that along with other distinctive qualities your dog might remember about
you, it can also easily recognize your face.
Your dog does have emotions, but she probably doesn't feel guilt.
There is little doubt that our dogs do feel emotions, and strong emotions at that, but
their emotional range is more limited than ours. Dogs feel the simple emotions like
joy, pain, fear, anger, excitement, contentment, and love. However, they probably
don't feel the more complex that require conscious thought, like guilt, shame, or
pride.
However, many dog owners swear that they've seen their dog make a "guilty face"
when doing something bad. However, guilt requires them to understand right and
wrong, choose to do something wrong, but then feel bad about it afterwards.
Instead, by testing dogs who have actually misbehaved next to dogs who just look
like they misbehaved, scientists found that dogs cower in "guilt" either way.
87
Your Presentation
88
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
89
Topic 19: What would it be like if dinosaurs roamed the Earth?
What if dinosaurs were alive today?
What if dinosaurs were alive today? Well, technically, many scientists would argue
that dinosaurs are alive in modern times. In fact, you probably see them every day
since birds are descended from dinosaurs. Minuscule avians like flittering
hummingbirds might make a disappointing sight if it was the mighty reptilians of
the prehistoric age you were hoping for, but that's what evolution and extinction
events have dictated.
But back to our scenario: Researchers have toyed with the idea of recovering
preserved DNA and cloning long-dead dinos, à la "Jurassic Park," but it's a
challenging proposition. Most dinosaur species haven't walked the Earth in about
65 million years, so the chances of finding DNA fragments that are robust enough
to resurrect are slim.
So, chances aren't great we'll ever need to worry whether roaming herds of
theropods will disrupt our rush-hour commutes. Or even get to marvel in wonder at
specimens concocted in labs occupying prime zoo real estate. After all, if dinosaurs
were alive today, their immune systems would probably be ill-equipped to handle
our modern panoply of bacteria, fungi and viruses. The chasm is just too large to
make that a likely possibility.
We'll explore a thornier side of the question: What if dinosaurs hadn't been almost
universally wiped out some 65 million years ago when the Chicxulub meteor hit?
Would they still be around today? Would we?
90
15 Things That Would Happen If Dinosaurs Were Still Around
If dinosaurs were still around, what might have happened to the world? Will there
be a change for the better or worse?
1. Massive damage
Without a doubt, dinosaurs can cause serious damage, especially when they are
aggressive. This is due to their extensive height and immense weight. In fact, the
size of the dinosaurs was compared to the size of the chickens because of
the lesothosaurus, but there are also dinosaurs that stretch more than 40 meters and
weigh more than 70 tons.
With just one small mistake, they can be triggered and angered. They can easily
ruin infrastructure. They can cause fires when they fiddle with electrical wires.
They might even shake a certain part of the land and leave cracks on it.
2. Solved mysteries
We have only dug up fossils that confirm their existence in this world. We have
on2ly listened to the confusing whispers of historians and archaeologists. We have
only read statements that may or may not be facts. There are still questions that are
yet to be answered. Take the following questions as examples. How did dinosaurs
learn to fly? Why are so many dinosaurs extinct? How did dinosaurs reproduce?
Did all dinosaurs hatch from eggs? Did they hunt in groups? If they still existed
until today, we would not doubt anymore since we could study them more intently.
We would finally hold the answers to the endless list of questions.
91
3. Death of human beings
This may or may not happen because it still depends on the scenario, but there is a
possibility that dinosaurs might think of us as food. Knowing what human beings
do when they are curious about new things, they may anger the dinosaurs,
especially when they see them as an experiment. Or worse, these dinosaurs might
devour us just like other animals. They might eat off our heads or chew on our
arms and legs. We might be their target for as long as they could survive. Thus,
their existence might also be the cause of death of human beings.
4. Heavier Traffic
TomTom Traffic Index is responsible for gathering data about the congestion
levels in each country. In 2016, Mexico City garnered congestion level of 66%,
which means that Mexico City experiences the heaviest traffic among other cities.
Bangkok in Thailand trails behind with 61%. The lowest congestion level is in
Dayton, in the United States of America at 9%.
No matter how high or low, each country will experience heavy traffic if the
dinosaurs were still around. Their massive bodies would flood streets and cause
overcrowding. They will have to wait in line for the go signal as well. Surely,
dinosaurs will replace trucks on the jam-packed streets.
Dinosaurs were given the special treatment because they were one of a kind. They
were studied thoroughly because they could be the key to unsolved mysteries that
still linger around today. They were also a rare sight. If they were still around,
would that remain the same? Maybe. Maybe not.
92
Just like dogs and cats, they may be appreciated, but they would also be considered
normal and ordinary. They are not that special, particularly when they do not have
an extraordinary breed. For instance, we know that stray cats and street dogs exist,
but do we take care of them as much as we take care of Persian cats and pugs?
Perhaps, with dinosaurs, that could happen, too.
6. National animals
National animals carry symbolism that promotes the reputation of the country it is
representing. They may signify humility, perseverance, pride, or strength. Usually,
they are also the unique animals of each country that are preserved for the nation’s
delight. Right now, national animals include the red kangaroo (Australia), the
North American beaver (Canada), the green pheasant (Japan), the Eurasian brown
bear (Russia), the Arabian oryx (United Arab Emirates), and the bald eagle (United
States of America). If dinosaurs still existed, they might be a nation’s choice to be
the national animal. Or, they could be every country’s pick. Each country might
have a different species to glorify.
7. Hunting enemies
Human beings depend on other animals for food since we need to eat to survive.
We need the nutrients from pork, beef, chicken, and seafood to have healthy
bodies. Dinosaurs see these animals or prey as a necessity as well. If they were still
here, they would probably be our hunting enemies. They would fight with us to get
food. It would be challenging to catch these animals since the dinosaurs would get
to them before us. They would have them fresh.
8. Living proof
93
Instead of observing the fossils of dinosaurs at museums, we could see them
personally. We would not only watch them in movies. We would not only read
about them in books because we could book a ticket to interact with them. The
doubts in our minds regarding their existence would be lessened. The theories
would turn into facts, since we could study more about them.
We could dissect them if we wanted. We would not rely on remains anymore. Who
knows? We could gain more knowledge about them that we still have not found
out, which can lead to another bright discovery.
9. Extra careful
If dinosaurs were still here on Earth, human beings would be extra careful with
their plans. We would think twice before doing anything to avoid getting hurt. Our
normal routines would be filled with fear and terror because dinosaurs could act up
and attack us. We could not go shopping without the thought that they may be
waiting for us at the corner of the store. We could not watch a movie without
thinking that they may ruin the screen and pop their head out. We could not travel
around the world fearlessly, especially to appreciate nature, because they could eat
us alive. In short, life would not be a simple walk in the park, particularly
since parks would also be risky.
The elderly and children would have the most panic attacks, so they would need
more protection from other people. In fact, it is the highest level of anxiety any
person can have. It is usually caused by traumatic life events. Thus, it is necessary
to help them calm down to avoid further damage. Maybe, we would be walking
94
around with guns in our pockets. Maybe, we would be holding out torches
wherever we go. Maybe, we would be carrying knives or daggers to defend
ourselves. Maybe, we would be working together to keep ourselves alive.
Without a doubt, if they were still here, we would live in a Jurassic world. Perhaps,
the scenes in the Jurassic Park and Jurassic World might turn into reality.
Dinosaurs would roam around carelessly, threatening our safety. Though not all
dinosaurs would be harmful and toxic. Some could be friendly, too, just like those
projected in the movies. There would be blameless ones fighting the aggressive
dinosaurs to protect other life forms. It would be like living on a safari, but it
would be more risky and challenging. We would be unfolding more mysteries in
the world we claim to know.
There would be a lower population on Earth if the dinosaurs still existed. In 2017,
the estimated population of human beings reached 7.6 billion. The dinosaurs might
cut that down to half, especially when human beings cannot survive with them
around anymore.
Yet, not only the population of human beings will decrease, the population of
animals and plants would as well. The population of animals that is around 500
trillion and the number of plant species that are around 400,000 would be reduced
because they would become the food of plenty of dinosaurs. So, basically, the
population of the inhabitants of Earth will narrow down.
95
13. Changes to ecosystem
Live on Earth would be dramatically different if dinosaurs were still alive today.
There would be chaos or imbalance in the environment, because we would all still
need to cope with their presence. To give an example, if ordinary animals can be
the root of many communicable diseases, there is a huge possibility that dinosaurs
can spread such illnesses as well.
There is one assumption about dinosaurs that human beings might be able to
dominate them. If we discover the secret to taming them, we could be friends with
96
them. They would not see us as pure meat. They would learn to respect and obey
us. They could be our modern day helpers that would run all our errands. For
instance, they could help us in factories by carrying heavy equipment from one
place to another. They could help us to travel from here to there. They could also
transport goodies and packages to their rightful owners. They could clean buildings
and roads rather than wreck them.
97
Your Presentation
98
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
99
Topic 20: If I could talk to animals…
1. If I could talk to the animals I would be very happy.
4. I would also ask his or her views about his or her life.
5. We would cooperate with each other and share our views with each other.
6. I would try to understand his or her life and experience of his or her life.
7. I would understand his or her difficulties which he or she faced in her life
journey.
13. I would ask him about his or her other personal secrets .
15. I would be very surprised and happy to see him and talk with him or her .
100
Grade 2 - Newville Elementary School
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a horse because I take lessons with
horses and I just want to talk to them and see how their day is, see how their life is
interesting, why they’re ... happy and see if they would go somewhere fun—maybe
go to Hersheypark or go riding.”
Marissa, 9
“If could talk to any animal, I would talk to a cat because they are cute and they
can see in the dark, they are better than dogs and they eat fish.”
Christopher Downey
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a penguin because penguins are my
favorite animal, and I could swim with them, slide on ice and, best of all, I could
keep one as a pet.”
Tristan Wolfe, 10
101
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to turtles because I love turtles. They
are also endangered, so I will do anything for a turtle. I might even pick up trash
for them.”
Haley Buterbaugh
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a shark so then it could feed me (and)
take me all over the world. It could take to me to Maryland and wherever you
want. Plus, I would touch it and it will give my oxygen. And I would live happily
ever after.”
Jacek Sobota, 9
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a dog. Dogs are my favorite animal. I
love them so much. I would talk about what kind of dog it is. I would love that so
much. I love pit bulls. They are super cute.”
Miya O’Neal
102
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a monkey because I really like
monkeys. Also because I would want to eat bananas with the monkey because I
know monkeys love bananas. I would just want to talk with one.”
Charlie Lennon, 10
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a dolphin, a cat, a dog, and a bunny. I
would talk to them all day. And I would talk to a butterfly. They would love to talk
to me. I wish I could actually talk to animals in real life.”
Caroline Franklin
“If I could talk to any animal, I would talk to a dog because I’m scared of dogs,
and so I would know why they bark when someone comes through the door.
Another reason why I would talk to dogs is I would tell the dogs, ‘Can you be a
little nicer to humans?’”
Nevaeh, 9
103
Your Presentation
104
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In the third part,……………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
105
Topic 21: What do cows think about
Cows: Science Shows They're Bright and Emotional Individuals
Cows are truly amazing and extremely interesting beings. Often thought of as
simply steak, burgers, beef, veal, leather, and global dairy producers, numerous
people see them only as food items or products, rather than as highly sentient and
intelligent individuals with markedly different personalities. However, a major
review essay published in the journal Animal Behavior and Cognition by
neuroscientist Lori Marino and Kristin Allen called "The Psychology of Cows"
goes along way toward dispelling countless myths about who these bright and
emotional bovines truly are.1,2
Cows are typically recognized for their ubiquity as various sorts of products,
whose value is cashed out in terms of their instrumental value—namely, what they
can do for us. Their inherent value as living sentient beings with distinct
personalities often is glossed or totally ignored.
Here is a general summary of some of their findings from Marino and Allen's
detailed analyses of available literature found in books, book chapters,
dissertations and theses, and empirical and review papers in peer-reviewed
professional journals.
Marino and Allen separated their findings into four broad categories,
namely, Learning and Cognition, Emotions, Personality, and Social Complexity.
Of course, there is overlap among these topics, but this delineation serves to
highlight what we know in each.
106
Learning and Cognition: In this section, we learn that cows display the ability to
rapidly learn different tasks, display long-term memory, extrapolate the location of
a hidden moving object, discriminate complex stimuli, and discriminate humans
from one another. The authors note, "Calves as well as adult cows show
learned fear responses to humans who have previously handled them in a rough
manner." Cows also display complex spatial memory and are able to discriminate
among individual cows and recognize cow faces as different from the faces of
other species.
Emotions: A good deal of research has been done on the emotional lives of cows
and we know that they experience a wide range of emotions. For example, they
display fear and anxiety and the less eye white that is seen, the better they feel.
When cow mothers are separated from their calves, as is done as they are being
prepared for meals, there is an increase in the amount of eye white.
Ears also are indicators of a cow's emotional state. Relaxed ear postures indicate
cows are feeling okay. Cows also like to play, as do countless other nonhuman
animals. Also, one very important discovery is that when cows are stressed, such
as after they're branded with a hot iron, they show a decrease in the ability to judge
ambiguous stimuli, as do humans
Marino and Allen also report that cows display emotional contagion. They write,
"…when cows are exposed to stressed conspecifics they too show pronounced
stress responses, such as decreased feeding and increased cortisol release."
I often stress that cows and other so-called "food animals" not only see family
members, friends, and others being killed for food; they also smell and hear what's
happening. It's also known that the presence of other cows can buffer the stress that
107
cows feel on their way to market. This called "social buffering" and has been
demonstrated in other nonhumans. Mothers and calves also show extreme
distress when separated. This is not at all surprising but remains a common
practice in the animal-food industry.
Social Complexity: The authors conclude that research on cows clearly shows that
"given a general definition of social complexity as the number of differentiated
relationships, the knowledge about conspecifics, and the knowledge of one’s own
and other animals' social interactions and relationships, cows display broad
parameters of social complexity in empirical studies. They have demonstrated
knowledge about conspecifics and the exchange of relevant social knowledge with
conspecifics. Through dominance hierarchies and affiliative bonds, they have
demonstrated knowledge about conspecifics and of their own social interactions
with them."
All in all, the cognitive and emotional lives of cows are not all that different from
many other non-food animals, including the companions with whom we share our
homes. To bring the discussion of "food animals" into focus and bring it closer to
home, I often ask people if they would allow their dogs, or other dogs, for
example, to be treated in the incredibly inhumane ways that cows and other food
animals are routinely mistreated. I've never gotten a "yes" to this question. So, why
is it that cows and other food animals are brutally mistreated "in the name of food,"
108
given what we know about these bright and emotional bovines and others who
humans consume in great numbers?
I look forward to further discussions on this disconnect and how Marino and
Allen's essay will inform future discussions, as it should and must.
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
109
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
110
Quyền lợi
Gorillas are critically endangered with fewer than 175,000 left in the wild
worldwide, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature
(IUCN). The death of Bantu, the last male western lowland gorilla left in Mexico,
brought the debate over animal rights back into the limelight, particularly with
regard to those who spend their lives behind bars.
You are one of the co-founders of the so called Great Ape Project. What exactly
is it all about?
111
It's an effort to achieve basic rights for great apes, for chimpanzees, gorillas,
bonobos and orangutans, in particular. We know that they are like us in many
important ways: that they are complex beings with rich emotional lives, that they
are capable of reflecting on their situation, of thinking, of problem solving, that
they are self-aware, that they can think about the future. We argue, that in these
respects they are so like humans, that we should give them some basic rights.
Meaning rights to life, liberty and protection from torture. We would like to see
them recognized in the law as people, therefore as beings who can bring a case in
the courts. Obviously, through a guardian or advocate, as a small child would bring
a case in the courts. But not simply (being seen) as items of property.
Are terms such as “freedom” and “captivity” not merely expressions of our own
creation? Isn't there a difference between humans and animals due to our
capacity to think rationally?
That is certainly true. But you can't explain these concepts to a two-year-old either,
nor to someone with profound intellectual disability. Nonetheless, we do not lock
them up and put them on display for others to look at. We don't perform the kind of
112
medical experiments on them, that have been performed on great apes. Although,
fortunately, now medical research on great apes in many countries has been
prohibited and that is, I think, partly a result of the work of the Great Ape Project.
But given that we think all human beings have some basic rights, irrespective of
their capacity to reason or reflect, or think about freedom as an abstraction, then to
grant that to all humans beings, but to deny it to chimpanzees and gorillas is simply
saying: “Oh well, they are not members of our species, and only our species has
rights.” That is simply not defensible. We think it is very similar to racist or sexist
ways of limiting the rights of non-european races, or those of women, as it has
happened in the past.
113
cages: chuồng
sự yêu thích, sở thích tránh đau đớn
pain and pleasure and animals do have preferences, obviously for avoiding pain
and experiencing pleasure, as well as perhaps many other preferences as well. And
we are not justified in disregarding or discounting those preferences or those pains
loài
and pleasures, just because they are not members of our species. That is why from
a utilitarian perspective, animals clearly do have a kind of moral status, that means
that we have to consider their interests, and we should not regard those interests as
less significant than ours, just because they are not members of our species.
You travel a lot. Which general differences in the protection and treatment of
animals do you encounter?
I have seen significant improvements in Europe over the past couple of decades,
particularly with regard to factory farming. Some of the worst forms of
confinement have been prohibited, for example the standard battery cages for egg
laying hens. Those are advances which, to the best of my knowledge, do not exist
in Latin America. So in general you'd have to say that the region needs to catch up
with where Europe is on that kind of progressive legislation. Also on matters like
the testing of cosmetics on animals. So there are problems, and not only in Latin
America, but also in Asia. Very severe problems in China in terms of animal
welfare, where there is really a national animal welfare war.
Why do you think is it so difficult to get through claims for better living
conditions for animals in zoos, let alone a ban on keeping apes and other
animals in them?
It is always hard to produce change against established interests, and zoos have
been doing what they're doing for a long time. Especially when you have urban
zoos with rather limited amounts of land, it is very hard for them to change,
114
because they just do not have the space to provide the proper conditions for
animals.
They would have to greatly reduce the number of animals and the variety of
different species that they have. For this they worry that people would not come to
visit them anymore, so it is a constant struggle. I think we really need to get zoos
out of these urban areas where they don't have enough space, and move them
outside cities where they can be more like a sanctuary or wildlife park, and provide
dignified conditions for animals.
115
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
116
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
117
Topic 23: If I was the President of the U.S….
If I Were The President of the U.S.A.
We have two candidates still standing in the race for President of the United States
of America. Arguably it's the most powerful office in the world. And, this year we
really do have a choice. Whether you support the Democrat or the Republican, you
have do admit we have a clear choice.
Obviously, if you're going to run for any office, you expect to win or you wouldn't
waste your time, would you?
Why is this so? We live in a world where everyone wants instant results.
Everything is instant these days. Candidates know that people want instant fixes
for the problems that plague American society these days, so they promise instant
fixes for complex problems and we buy into it every single election year.
118
2. A modern, up-to-date public transportation system (High-speed Trains, Metro-
Monorails, streetcars, "Green" busses, trolleys, etc).
In the 1970's gasoline prices skyrocketed and supply dwindled. People started car
pooling, buying subcompact cars and selling their gas guzzlers. American car
companies were a decade behind Japanese car companies in quality and fuel
economy and Toyota, Nissan, Honda and others used the niche created by the oil
crisis to enter the American car market in a huge way. Today, Toyota is
challenging General Motors as the biggest automobile company in the world.
Soon, they will be.
If Americans and their elected leaders had taken steps in the 1970's to find
alternatives to oil we would have had or been close to having real and viable
alternatives today. Here we are more than thirty years later. America is one of the
only major countries in the world without a modern public transportation system.
We have the best airline system in the world, but soon only the well-off will be
able to afford to fly, leaving the rest of us to find alternate ways of getting from
point A to point B. The only viable alternative we have is our cars. Cars use
gasoline. And the wheel goes 'round and 'round.
Some of the railroad tracks that our rail system depends on were laid decades ago.
We don't have a modern high-speed rail system in this country like Europe and
Japan do.
Now, politicians want to drill off-shore and in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuge for
more oil. For what? So we can get enough oil to last for another fifty years? A
hundred years?
119
Oil is a limited resource. Someday, the world is going to run out of oil. It might not
happen in our lifetimes or even in the lifetimes of our children. But what about our
grandchildren and their children. What are we leaving to them.
It's the new American way to leave it all to somebody else. No one wants to
sacrifice or be inconvenienced. But someday, someone is going to have to sacrifice
and be inconvenienced. You cannot move forward unless some generation is
willing to sacrifice something. It looks like we're not going to be the ones willing
to give up something to ensure the future. It looks to me like it's going to be our
children, grandchildren or their children who have to make the sacrifices that need
to be made in order to free ourselves from oil (and the Mideast). Our children,
grandchildren and their children will look back upon our generation and wonder
how we could have been so blind and short-sighted. They're not going to look back
on us favorably. We are going to hand them a mess and they're going to have to
solve it because we're too comfy and lazy to give up anything to change the world.
If we continue to view finding new oil as the ultimate fix and the number one
priority - the real disaster will just be delayed for a decade or two or three - we'll be
leaving a very poor legacy behind.
It is our children, grandchildren and their children who will ultimately pay the
price for our urge to expediency, our mixed-up priorities, our misjudgments and all
our foolish mistakes.
120
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
121
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
122
Topic 24: My dream vacation
My Dream Vacation Essay
Everyone has a dream place to visit once in life, and many get the chance to fulfill
their dream trip. In this regard, I also have a dream place to visit with the intention
to feel about the people, place, and things of that particular place. For me, my
dream vacation in France, especially Paris. France is one of the unique countries of
the world having its people with different culture, language, traditions, and habits
of living life as well. Therefore, I have chosen my dream vacation in France for
many reasons.
First of all, the reason behind my dream vacation to France Essay is the language
of France which I am learning for almost one year and know the way to speak
French. Not only this, I have read some French books which have attracted me at
first place. In reality, French authors are straightforward in their writings and, for
this fact; I love to read a French book whenever I have some time.
Secondly, France has become one of the significant countries of the world with its
unique habits of food available at restaurants and homes as well. In reality, people
of France have adopted the most attracting and delicious way to prepare their food
items and, for this fact, thousands of visitors every year tend to visit France just
because of its eating habits.
Thirdly, France is known for its beauty and nature over which the theme of love
and romance is living in the ordinary lives of the people of France. For example,
123
La Seine is one of the romantic rivers that an individual can imagine when the river
floats under the shining lights of its surroundings. No doubt, such places cast an
image of love and romance in the hearts of the people and, for this reason; I love to
feel the same sense of love and romance in France.
Conclusion
Overall, there are some places in this world to visit, according to their particular
historical significance. However, for me, France is my dream vacation where I
always wanted to visit people, places, and things with the intention to make realize
about the nature of life French people are experiencing. Also, I always wanted to
be a part of such a country where there are set patterns of life, and all individuals
look happy and cheering in every mood.
Your Presentation
124
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Finally, I’ll go on to talk about………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
125
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So, now we have time for questions and discussion.
Thank you for your attention.
126
Topic 25: If I could change three things about the world, it
would be…
20 things worth changing about the world
If you could change one thing in the world, what would it be? Air travel?
Education? The health care system? Think about it for a minute.
If you need some inspiration or a motivational kick in the butt, here are 20 things
worth changing:
“I think everyone on this planet should have access to electricity and the
opportunities that come with this access,” says Brian Gramm, Founder of
Peppermint Energy. “In fact, I wake up every day and work to make that happen.”
“We really need to change the way society treats animals. Animal testing, breed-
specific legislation, and over-populated shelters are all contributing to an issue we
cannot possibly solve without major changes,” says Brandon Forder, co-owner of
Canadian Pet Connection. “I don’t believe this problem has a single solution. With
that said, the best way to lay solid groundwork is through education. Give people
the knowledge to make better decisions when it comes to pet ownership. Too many
people know too little about animals, and in the end, it’s always the animals that
end up suffering.”
127
3. Underfunded green technologies
4. Bullying
“Bullying is a hot topic these days, and I am glad it’s getting the attention it
deserves. It’s about time,” says Amy Porterfield, co-author of Facebook Marketing
for Dummies. “The way I go about helping to eradicate bullying is by starting in
my own home. My husband and I talk to my son about it, and teach him about the
importance of acceptance. We talk about how being gay, looking different or
acting different does not mean you should be treated differently–and I love when
we get to have those talks that I know are shaping him to see the world in a new
light.”
“Right now, people need jobs,” says Wade Eyerly, co-founder of Surf Air. “So I’m
building a business that employs a lot of people. Airlines don’t scale with
technology. More server boxes don’t make us more money. More planes, more
pilots, and more sales do. We hire 30 people for every two planes we fly. That’s a
lot of jobs–good jobs that we’re proud to be creating. (It’s even better that we get
128
to employ former military pilots, real American heroes.) My proudest moment as a
startup CEO was the day we first made payroll.”
6. Public education
“Every child deserves a good, free education,” says Erin Levin, Producer of
African Children’s Choir Film. “If I had all the money and time in the world, I
would spend it making sure each child on Earth has access to that. Thankfully,
making my film is a small step in that direction. The African Children’s Choir has
created a clever, compelling, entertaining and sustainable way to educate children
across Africa and people around the world. I am humbled and honored to share
their success story as an example of how we can all help make a difference.”
“The education system has lost its common sense–it’s purpose,” says Brett Neese,
founder of Just Run. “It’s turned into a giant, impersonal, bureaucratic, structured
factory with a huge amount of accepted waste because ‘that’s the way it is.’ Even
those working in the school system have admitted that it’s broken, and yet millions
of young people are forced to suffer through this madness every year. I know I
can’t solve this single-handedly. In fact, I’m not even ready to tackle it head-on.
It’s a huge problem. But if I can make a dent in the lives of a few young people
who are going through it, then maybe the system will start to change and mold and
improve.”
129
Khan Academy. Every other problem that we have, be it health, technological,
social, or humanitarian, is almost always better pursued—and sometimes outright
resolved—when people have the context of a broader education.”
“I would make everything that’s bad for me, good for me,” says Vince LaVecchia,
director of operations at Instrument. “I’d start with time and gravity, the two most
powerful negative forces in my life. I would find the world’s smartest scientists
and ask them to find me more time and to reverse gravity’s effect on my life. Then
I’d figure out a way to sell my new-found powers to people–and I’d give it away to
all of the people I love.”
“I would change how people think about careers,” says Cal Newport, author and
assistant professor at Georgetown University. “The sooner as you transform from
thinking, ‘What does this job offer me?’ to ‘What can I offer this job?’ the sooner
you can actually start down the path that really leads people to work they love.
Don’t follow your passion; let it follow you in your quest to become good at rare
and valuable things.”
9. Concealed information
“I’d champion the basic civil rights of adoptees and change the laws that bar access
to their original birth certificates. Everyone deserves to know their own history,”
says Lisa Kenefick, founder of Probate Research.
10. Apathy
130
“I went to Rwanda with Save the Children to support their No Child Born to Die
campaign,” says Ruth Clemens, creator of The Pink Whisk. “The conditions I saw
there were unbelievable. When I came back I was very angry with the world, and it
has been difficult to deal with that. There is such inequality, pain and suffering in
the world, including in the UK. There’s also a huge feeling of apathy for the
charities trying to change things. If I could change one thing it would be for more
people to support charities, and I’m not talking monetary donations. I’m talking
about simple things, such as signing petitions or raising awareness; these actions
would actually work wonders. Apathy isn’t something I can change, but I will
continue to support worthwhile charities where and when I can.”
“I’d teach people how to have a better relationship with themselves,” says Trevor
Silvester, training director at The Quest Institute. “If we loved ourselves, we
wouldn’t start wars, buy things we don’t need, over-consume or contribute to other
people’s unhappiness. I’m going about changing it now; I see therapy as improving
the world one person at a time.”
131
“There are many issues that we do not have control over, but childhood obesity is
one that we theoretically do,” says Edward Garber, president of The Florida
Design Group.
“I have a whole vision for changing the food industry as it relates to what can be
bought with public assistance and what can’t,” says Derek Wyatt, co-founder of
Consulting And Knowledge Exchange. “It all begins with corn and its presence in
everything. Nutritional food is too expensive, which leaves cheap, processed foods
as the main alternative for people with restricted budgets.”
“I’m feeling pretty hurt and angry about the shootings that have happened this year
involving innocent people,” says Laura Pepper Wu, co-founder of 30 Day Books.
“I hope that there is a big change in gun policy and weapon availability in the U.S.
soon.”
“Few things bug me more than the ‘us vs. them’ mentality that so many people
(including myself) tend to have,” says Billy Coffey, author of Paper Angels. “I
think it’s important for everyone to understand our common humanity—that
despite who we are on the outside, on the inside we all love, we’re all struggling,
and we all want to make a world that is better for our children.”
132
viewpoints and cultures. People of the world would find more ways they are alike
than different if we were all mixed.”
“I just know there is no way of changing only one thing, as changing something
requires a lot of changes,” says Andrew Rachmatovas, Owner of PUBLIC
SCROLL. “It’s better to just change your attitude or understanding of the things
you don’t like. Yeah, changing your attitude is the place to start.”
“I’m a big techie and spammers, virus-writers and other people up to no good
really bother me,” says Phil Simon, author of The Age of the Platform. “I wish that
I could write a piece of software that eliminated malware, viruses and all of that
crap. Imagine what those smart but misguided folks could do if they put their
talents to productive uses rather than causing destruction.”
“I would choose to change the way our legislators and politicians interact with one
another,” says Bennett Resnik, creator of The Hands We Shake. “We have become
a hyper-partisan nation racing to the far-left and far-right. If we are going move
forward as a global super-power, we need to collaborate and push for policies that
complement both sides of the political spectrum.”
“I would change politics because the state of the two-party political system in the
U.S. is a complete joke,” says Sunil Rajaraman, CEO and co-founder of
Scripted.com. “We need outsiders with fresh ideas to step up and take over the
government.”
“I would take the vast surplus of CO2 that’s going into the sky and pay the poorest
people in the world for pulling it out,” says Tim Whitley, founder of Carbon
Offsets To Alleviate Poverty. “I’d do this by paying them to plant trees through the
instrument and system of accredited forestry carbon offsets. I’d do it by launching
a new nonprofit called Carbon Offsets To Alleviate Poverty.”
“World change can only come from personal change,” says Brigitte Lyons, founder
of Unfettered Ink. “The one area I focus on above all–and I think this applies to all
of us–is empathy. Empathy is something we can always use more of, and it’s
nearly impossible to put into practice. Think about it. Can you really put yourself
into another person’s headspace? Of course not. The best we can hope for is to try.
It’s useful to make a habit of asking where people are coming from, while
acknowledging that you can never know their motivations or feelings. All we can
do is accept that they are doing the best they can do with what they have, just as
they are.”
134
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
135
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
136
Topic 26: If I had three wishes, they would be…
If I had three wishes, what would they be?
137
3. After this my next 16 wishes and all my wishes before will be granted
and received as I imagined and wished them with no catches and tricks (which
includes not hurting or affecting anyone else unless I wish for it)
4. My wishes only count if they are spoken. Any accidental thought does
not count as a wish
5. I wish to be able to fly. Not with wings or anything like that. I wish to
fly like superman, but to not have any weaknesses like him.
6. I wish to have full control over my body and abilities for flying and any
other powers I wish for afterwards and have already wished for.
7. I wish for superspeed. I want it to be like that of the flash on the tv show
up to the latest episode of the fourth season. Which means I will have all the
powers he has up to this point and any more I wish for.
8. I don’t want my speed to affect my lifestyle or my metabolism.
9. I want my speed to be limitless. I want to move googolians and even
googleplexians of times faster than light if I want to when I want to and for
however long I want to without any consequences.
10. I wish to have something speedforce-like protecting me when I move at
superspeed. This will protect me from the laws of physics. So I will not blow
up if I crash or phase through something and stop and explode or destroy the
multiverse by accident.
11. I wish to have the ability to control the vibrational energies of the
universe and open in-universe breaches similar to what Vibe does on the
show.
12. I want all my abilities to be in sync with one another and I want full
control over them individually and combined.
138
13. I want to have $300,000,000,000 added to my parents account and used
only for whatever me and they want. So if they have debts and don’t want to
use the money to pay them then they can without consequences.
14. I want to have all the episodes of the flash, gotham, arrow, legends,
supergirl, lab rats, mighty med, and kickin’ it to watch whenever and
wherever I want for no money at all. This includes already aired episode and
every future episode that will eventually be made until the series’ end,
respectively.
15. I want a puppy golden retriever as a pet
16. I want a more suitable house for my parents with a backyard and a pool.
17. I want DC to make better movies
18. I wish to have a license on my first try whenever it is I try out and to
have my own brand new car less than a week after I have obtained my
driver’s license.
19. I realize I still have some more wishes so I wish for 2 more wishes after
this 19th wish and they shall be granted and received in accordance with the
rules set for the previous 19 wishes, so there will be no catches for the next
two wishes.
20. I want to marry the love of my life (whoever that may eventually turn
out to be) and not mistakenly choose someone else
21. I want my mom and dad to achieve all their fitness goals they have
already set and might set in the future using whatever method or technique
they want whether logical or illogical.
139
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
140
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
141
Topic 27: If you were famous, what would you do?
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
142
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
143
Topic 28: Best inventions
Your Presentation
So, first……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s turn to the next part,…………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
144
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
145
Topic 29: The best part about being sick
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
146
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
147
Topic 30: The best things about me are:
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
148
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation
149
Topic 31: How I care for the environment every day
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
150
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
151
Topic 32: Why are farmers important
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
152
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
153
Topic 33: Why best friends are so special
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
154
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
155
Topic 34: How I decorate my room at home.
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
156
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
157
Topic 35: Good kid games online.
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
158
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
159
Topic 36: Nice birthday presents you like to get.
Your Presentation
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
160
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Thirdly,……………………………….……………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
I’d like to thank you for taking time out to listen to my presentation.
161
Topic 37: What you could do without television or video.
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
162
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
163
Topic 38: What it would be like to meet an alien
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
164
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
165
Topic 39: The happiest day of my life
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
166
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
167
Topic 40: A day at the beach
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
168
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
169
Topic 41: What I know about soccer
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
170
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
171
Topic 42: If I were in charge, the rules I would make would be…
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
172
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
173
Topic 43: My three favorite animals.
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
174
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
175
Topic 44: If I could design a school.
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
176
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
177
Topic 45: If I could have dinner with anyone.
Your Presentation
To begin with,………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Let’s move to the next part,………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
178
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
So now we come to the last point, which is………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
179
Topic 46: If I could travel through time.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
180
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
181
Topic 47: Why sports are important.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
182
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
183
Topic 48: Why I deserve an allowance.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
184
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
185
Topic 49: How to achieve your dreams?
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
186
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
187
Topic 50: How to save money.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
188
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
189
Topic 51: How to spend a rainy day?
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
190
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
191
Topic 52: How to walk a dog?
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
192
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
193
Topic 53: Great things about the ocean.
10 Unbelievable Facts About the Ocean
1. Our oceans cover more than 70 per cent of the Earth’s surface.
With so much of the Earth’s surface taken up by ocean, it’s evident how vital these
marine environments are to the planet, and how much there still is to be explored.
3. Less than five per cent of the planet’s oceans have been explored.
According to the Ocean Service, man has explored less than five per cent of
Earth’s oceans. As researchers strive to discover more, we’re continually getting to
know our oceans better.
194
5. There are more historic artefacts under the sea than in all of the world’s
museums.
Around 1,000 shipwrecks lie off the Florida Keys alone, some of which are within
the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Other underwater museums have
been created in recent years, including the Mediterranean’s submerged bronze
statue, Christ of the Abyss.
According to the World Register of Marine Species there are now 240,470
accepted species, but this is believed to be just a small proportion of the species
that exist, with new marine life being discovered everyday.
195
7. Over 70 per cent of our planet’s oxygen is produced by the ocean.
It’s thought that between 70 and 80 per cent of the oxygen we breathe is produced
by marine plants, nearly all of which are marine algae.
When salt water and hydrogen sulphide combine, it becomes denser than the rest
of the water around it, enabling it to form a lake or river that flows beneath the sea.
196
9. Around 50 per cent of the US lies beneath the ocean.
Not only does a large part of the planet exist beneath the ocean, so does the United
States – around 50 per cent, in fact.
10. The Pacific Ocean is the world’s largest ocean and contains around 25,000
islands.
With 25,000 islands lying within it, the Pacific Ocean has more islands than
anywhere else on the planet.
197
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
198
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
199
Topic 54: Great things about the ocean.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
200
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
201
Topic 55: Why I like my town.
Your Presentation
First of all,……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Second of all,………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………….
202
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………….
Okay, that’s all I want to say for now on (the 2017 results/…)……………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………….
In my opinion, we should……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
203