Mathematics GN PERMUTATION 1, In how many ways ¢ that two particu In how many w an eight people be se, ated in a r¢ ig] ars persons ave ‘ow of eight seats so always together? Ans: 10080 "the word COMPLETE can be arranged are always together? Ans: 5040 letters of the word HE rd HEXAGON AYS together? are 4, How many different numbers of five digite Ans: 720 0.1,2.3.42 've digits can be formed with the digits Ans: 96 How many numbers between 3000 ar y and 4000 i digits 2, 3. 4, 5, 6,72 can be formed with the poiainoee Ans: 60 6, Inhow many ways can 7 students be seated ina circle? Ans: 720 7, In how many ways the letters of the world ELEMENT can be arranged so that vowels are (i) Always together (ii) Never together YS the letters o so that the repeated letters 3, In how many ways the so that vowels are alw Ans: (i) 120 (ii) 720 8 In how many ways can eight different coloured beads be made into a bracelet? Ans: 2520 9. Six children are to be seated on a bench. How many arrangements are possible if the youngest child sits at the left end of the bench? Ans: 120 10. How many numbers of three different digits less than 500 can be formed from the integers 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6,7? Ans: 120 Il. In how many ways can four boys and three girls be seated in a row containing seven seats (i) If they may sit any where ? (ii) Boyd and girls are at alternate order. one (i) 5040, (ii) “A 12. How many license plates consisting of 3 different digits can be mms a i nS: of given integers 3, 4, 5, 6, 77 Scanned with CamScanner116 | GSS Practice Book - XII a 13. ; 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. d In how many ways letters of the word PRECARIOUS can BE arran ‘ans: 43,200 so that all the vowels are always together ? igits 0, 1 How many four digits odd numbers can be formed using the SB | 2,3, 4, 5 no digit being repeated ? ary digit How many numbers are there between 100 and 1000 such that ery ces is either 2 or 9? ; lace ? In how many ways can 6 different beads be strung 07 nec vas: 60 f the word . ati f the letters © Find the numbers of permutation o! ‘ans: 4989600 'MATHEMATICS'. In a certain election there are three cal secretary and only two for the treasurer. Find in ndidates for president, five for how many ways the Ans: 30 ways election may turn out. from the letters of the word How many words can be formed he letters “ENGLISH” 2 How many of these do not begin with E ? How many of these begin with E and do not end with H? ‘Ans: 5040, 4320 and 600 In how many ways can the letters of the world "ARRANGE" be arranged so that no two R's come together ? Ans: 900 How many numbers of 4 different digits can be formed from the digits 4, 5, 6, 7, 8? How many of these numbers are divisible by 5 ? How many of these numbers are not divisible by 5? Ans: 120, 24, 96 In how many ways can the letter of the word "TUESDAY" be arranged? How many of these arrangements do not begin with T ? How many begin with T and do not end with Y? Ans: 5040, 4320, 600 In how many ways can the letter of the word "COMPUTER" be arranged so that (i) all vowels are always together ? (ji) the relative positions of the vowels and consonants are not changed ? (iii) the vowels may occupy only odd positions. ‘Ans: (i) 4320 (ii) 720 (iii) 2880 In how many way can the letters of the word, "CALCULUS" be arranged so that the two L's do not come together? Ans: 3780 In how many ways can the letters of the word 'MONDAY' be arranged? How many of these arrangements do not begin with M ? How many begins with M and does not end with Y 2 ‘Ans: 7205 60059 In how many ways can ten people be seated in a round table iftwo peopl insists on sitting next to each other? Ans: 8 Scanned with CamScanner| pal 4 Gifu 3, | fis Ss ‘YY » total no. of permutat; 7 ~ | ye tat te total no. OF Permutations of Set of “ate \ eq | «con by P(n 1) = n(n — obje, | ., given by P(n, (n= 1) (n— HCAs tap, ‘2oy eS ie ise 7 (n~2),., (~r4 1). 7 May “| how a” ways can 4 Art students and 4 oj (n~piomzy 14g PY ly ata round table ? NCE student digi | * aeet Sbearange Rit Be Ans: | Sg TION ial JNA cous © 60 rind the yalue of r if °C2r-1= °C, vo |b na examination, @ candidate has to pass in each of th Ans: 1,2 be d pow many Ways can the candidate fail? © four subjects, jn for yruhere are 10 persons in a party and each two of them shak Ans: 15 the other, how many handshakes happen in the pay? eshands with ne | From 10 persons, in how many ways can a selection of 4 be nak ns: 45 d+ particular persons are always excluded? — y a ns: i 5, Find the number of ways in which 5 courses out of 8 can be a ged when 3 courses are compulsory. as: 18 900 4 Aman has 5 friends. In how many ways can he invite one or more of 34, them to a dinner? Ans: 31 ai 7, From 10 persons, in how many ways can a selection of 4 be made when 96 two particular persons are always included ? Ans: 28 ed? §, From 6 gentlemen and 4 ladies, a committee of 5 is to be formed. In how gin many ways can this be done so as to include at least two gentlemen? 500 Ans: 246 zed 9. In an examination paper containing 10 questions, candidate has 2 of | answer 7 questions only, in how many ways can he choose the ae | Ans: 12 tpy ‘80 4 coins of ed |X. How many different sums of money can be made from a D different denominations? 7 ! : relatives. Inhow many d? '. Aperson has got 12 acquaintances of whom 8 el aves? Ate 336 ny i Ways can he invite 7 guests so that 5 of them ee and ist 088 96 - committe isto be chosen from 12 men and” Ty be fame le of 3 men and 2. women. How many such © ns: 6 40 4 = Scanned with CamScanner20. 21. 22. 23. to (wo A oe n examination paper con: groups A’ end B, Group’ ¢ of 10 questions, is divided 1 an examines attempt ? contains 6 questions. In how many W°Y" can each group? questions selecting at least (wo questions a ns: 116 From 3 men and vi a . 7 women a committee ofS is to be formed: In how many ‘Ans: 231 { of 5 men and ‘one women? Ans: 25 oy 5 a ee done 50 as to include at least one man? aa ae Sena of three can be formed ou! ys consists at least There are ten electric bulbs in the stock of a shop ‘out of which four are defectives. In how many ways can a selection of 6 bulbs be made so that 4 of them may be good bulbs? Ans: 90 Prove that C(n, r) + C(n, r~ where C(n, 1) is the combination of n things taken rata time. ‘A committee of five persons jg to be selected from 5 men and 4 ladies. In how many ways can this be done so that at least two ladies are always =can +19 included ? Ans: 105 Ina group of 10 students, 6 are boys. In how many ways can 4 students 19 include at most two be selected for mathematical competition so as t Ans: 185 2 questions divided into two parts A s remaining questions. Jecting at least 3 from wuestions? ‘Ans: 420 girls? An examination paper consists of 1 and B. Part A contains 7 questions, part B contain: A candidate is required to attempt 8 questions se each part. In how many ways can the candidate select the q mmittee of & members be selected from 8 Jn how many ways a CO gentlemen and 6 ladies, if the committee js to include not more than three ladies. Ans: 158° from six boys and five gitls In e is to be constituted A committee of fiv this be done so as how many ways can one girl? Acandidate is required to answer 6 out of 10 questio into two groups each containing 5 questions an _ attempt more than 4 from any group. In how many different we a | make up his choice? | to include at least one boy a Ans: 485 Scanned with CamScannerGic st HOOL Mathematics 119 From 10 football players in how ma NY Ways can a selection of a4 be player is aly particular players are always excluded? 42 BINOMIAL THEOREM made (i) when one particula ays included (ii) when two Ans: (i) 84 (ii) 70 —aIAL THEOREM JNOMIAL THEOREM B 1. Find the coefficient ofx*inthe expansion af(x°+ 2)!” Ans: 210 2, Find middle term in the expansion of(x-3t " Ans: 208 ee" TAB XP 3 Find the middle term in the expansion of(x + 2) s Ans: 33 4, Find the coefficient of the term containing x? in the expansion of \6 G -3) nese 3 2 308 5. Find the term independent of x in the expansion of(x? xe) AMS! 943 . ‘ 5 NS, 6. Which term i fee from x inthe expansion of (x 4 2 Ans: 3003 7. Find the seventh term of (2x + y)!. Ans: 59136 x°y* 8. Write the middle terms in the expansion of (a + x)* when n is odd. F" anac En) AT a Ans: C(n, 257 11, Prove that: 12, If Co, C1, C2--.s Ca are binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)*, prove that Co-+4Cy +7C2 + 10C) +... + @n-+ I)Cq= Bn + 22". 13, Show that the middle term in the expa sion of (1 + x)" is Scanned with CamScanner120 | GSS Practice Book - XI as 5..(00=V) 99 0, nt : 7 ine the general term of the binomial expansion of (x 4 any laupet )® prove thatthe sum of all the coefliciens ns expansion of (1 +x ae i arya 15. ithe coffe ox inthe expansion of re) 18270, od Any, 16, If(1+x)?=Co+ Cix $C yx? +... + Cox”, prove that: (2n)! CECE HCH. + C= (que 17. If three consecutive coefficients in the expansion of (I + x)" be 165, 33) and 462, find n, Ans: 11 18. If Co, Ci, Ca, ..., Cn are the binomial coefficients in the expansion of 1 2n! (1 +x) then prove that CoCa + CiCo-t + +++. + CxCo= 57 oy 19. If (1 +x)"=Co+ Cix + Cox? + .... + Cox", prove that Cr 202, 3G, nC _ nfm +)) GC CC Cot 2 20. Prove that C) ~ 2C2 + 3C;~4Cy +... + n(-1)"! Cy = 0, where Co, C;, «++ Cn are binomial coefficients. 21. IF(1 + x)"= Co + Cix + Cox? .... + Cox", prove that: CoC2 + C)C3 +... + 2n! CoaCn= GOH (EDL 22, State Binomial theorem. In the expansion of (1 + x)* prove that the sum of the coefficients of the odd terms is equal to the sum of coefficients of the even terms and each equals to 2, 23. Show that the middle term in the expansion of (-27" i 13.5 ... Qn~ 1 ay. nl ar aS EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC SERIES a od 3 Tnart sn show thatx=y+¥ 48 state. 1 2. Prove that:5(e~1) = Scanned with CamScannerpalty qt See .. t0 00; prove that: . Prove that: wm (b- 2° Se +3) ais . Prove that: 37 2 . Prove that: |. Prove that: ut Mathematics | +» Show that x = yy vy 4, + sh cess show that x yada. Show that log.2 = 224 34 a ee +... t0.0= 2e . Prove that: oo clei te . Sum to infinity the series: 1+ 7; +35 +3) Ans: 3e ee e2e 3 Sum to infinity the series: 7 +57 +37 * + Ans: 2e e-1 e+ rm . show that: J Ty qy7 en! Scanned with CamScanner122 20. 21. | GSS Practice Book - XI 143 14345 14345+7 | Prove that: 1+>y + 3 4! 142 14243 U42+3+4 Show that: 1 +3 +7~3y 4! 1.3 ELEMENTARY GROUP THEORY . If possible, solve 2x + 1 =6 in Zy. Ifa and b are the elements of a group (G, *) and a * b= ¢, prove tha bea, Solve 3x +6 =5 in Z7. Ans; 2 If the binary operation * on Z the set of integers is defined by m * y= m+n-+1 for every m,n € Z, show that * satisfies associative property, Let a * b = a - b on Z. Show that "*" is not an associative binary operation. Prepare Cayley's table for the set $ = {0, 1, 2} under the operation of multiplication modulo 3. Show that the set G = {-1, 1, -i, i}, the fourth roots of unity satisfies the binary operation of multiplication, Find the inverses of the elements of G = {-1, 1} under multiplications, if exist, Ans:—1,1 Let G = {0, 1, 2}. Forma composition table for G under addition modulo 3. Find the inverse element of 2 and identify element of 1. Ans: 1,0 Let G = {0, 1, 2}. Form a composition table for G under multiplication modulo 3. Find the inverse element of 2. Ans: 2 Ifa *b=3a+2b fora, b Z, the set of integers, show that * operation on z, Ina Caley’s table fora finite group, why does each element occur exactly once in each row and exactly once in each column ? Test the commutative property ofthe operation * defined by m * n =n, mneZ. isa binary Ans: Not commutative Ans: x=6 Show that the multiplication isa binary operation onthe set $= {-1, 0,1) Let m *n=sfinn for m,n € Z. Verify tat the operation * is not binary operation on Z. Scanned with CamScanner20. 2. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. Mathematics | 123 tet S = (I, 1} and * denote the usual oj Lion, Represent it by Cayley's table. Sho. operation on S. If the binary operation * on Q, the set of Tational numbers is defined by a*b=atb+ab for every a,b € Q show that * peration of multiplication, w that the multiplication is a binary Satisfies associative property. Show that the set of integers Z forms a group under the operation of addition. Ifa and b are the elements of a group (G, *), Q the prove that a” x=b has a unique solution in (G, *) Let * be defined on Q* by a* Show that (Q*, *) is an Abelian group. Let G = {1, -1, i, -i}. Show that G forms a group under the operation of multiplication, Ifa and b are the elements of group (G, *) and i. Ifa *b=e, prove that b= a7 ii, Ifa*b=b, prove that a Show that {2", n € z} is an Abelian group with respect to multiplication. If.a,b © (G, 0) where G is a group. Prove that: (a0by'=bl oat (ay! =a, Verify that {27 : m € Z} is an abelian group with respect to multiplication, where Z is the set of integers. Define Abelian group. Prove that a group G is Abelian if and only if (a0 by! =a! 0b" foralla,b ¢G. Given the algebraic structure (G, *) with G = {1, , @} where represents the cube roots of unity and * stands for the binary operation of ordinary multiplication of complex numbers, show that (G, *) isa group. Show that the set of all vectors in space under addition is a group. Define a group. Let a, b, c and x be elements of a group G. Solve the following for x : x? =a? and x5=e - Show that the set T= {-1, 1} forms a group under multiplication operation. Prove that every element in a group (G, 0) has unique inverse. Ifa, b,c, are the elements of a group (G, *), prove that: ~~. j Scanned with CamScanner124. | GSS Practice Book - XII a*b=a*c=b=c and b*a=c*a=b=c 33. A binary operation * defined on the set S = {a, b,c} is Preseny, following Cayley's table. nt, 7 e b c a a b c b b c a © c a b Show that: (S, *) forms a group. 34, Let G = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}. Construct Cayley’s table for G Under thy multiplication modulo 5. Find the inverse of each element of G, 1.4 COMPLEX NUMBERS 1. Express the complex number —-/2 +i /2 in polar form. Ans: 2(cos 135° + i sin 135°) 16 2. Simplify: | 3 (cos 2+ i sin 2 Ans: 3! 4 4 3. If 1, @, @* be the cube roots of unity, prove that (1 + @}-(1 +o) =0, 4. Ifa, B are the complex cube roots of unity then show that: 1 Oo pet on at + Bi tos 0 5. Prove that (2 + @) (2 + w*) (2-2) (2-o)=21 6, Express the complex number 7 3 (08 198° + sin 1389 7. State De-Moivre's theorem. Using De Moivre's theorem, find the square roots of -2~ 23 i. Ans: £ (-1 +i yi) 8. Find the cube roots of unity. Ifo be on imaginary cube root of unity, a1+ V3i that: 1+@+0%=0 Ans: 1, and £ Scanned with CamScannerMathematics | 125 ifwbea complex cube root of unity, find the y, ew wy tw wt Ans: 1, Bi ANE 2, shi 11. Find the square root ofthe complex number ~5 + 124 by using De-Moivre's theorem. Ans: + (2+ 3i) 12, State De Moiver's theorem, Apply it to compute 4th roots of -1, Ans: 4 (134), 13, State and prove De Moivre's theorem. Is the t fheorem true for integers? Justify your answer, Ans: Yes win 14, Express ~ Se in the form of x + iy, ans: 598, ” és 15. Express ~ 2 — 2i in the form of re, Ans: 22e4° BR Solve Z°= 1 by using De-Moivre's theorem, mind al 1.5 QUADRATIC EQUATION ) 1. Ifthe roots of the quadratic equations are p + q and p ~q, Find the quadratic equation. Ans: x?— 2px + p?—q?=0 2. The quadratic equation: ax?+ bx + ¢ = 0 can not have more than two roots, Prove it, 3. Under what conditions are the roots of the ax? +bx+c=0: i) real and unequal (ii) imaginary (ii) equal quadratic equation Ans: (i) b? - dac > 0 (ii) b?- 4ac <0 (j 4. Find the equation whose roots are reciprocal to the roots of X=x+1=0, Scanned with CamScanner16. | Gs Practice Book = xil Be = Is, s ation ax? + bx + O= 0 be the square of the other. aa . e 1e root of the equi ie = 3abe. that; be+atet ac? If the roots of the equation (a a_¢ equal, prove that: = ; If the roots of the equation ax’ 24 be) x2- 2 (ac + bd) x + (+8)=044 24 bx +.¢ = 0 be in the ratio 3:4, prove that 12b? = 49ac. : . 4 Determine the values of p for which the equations 3x2 + 4px +2.=0 ang ax? + 3x -2= 0 may have a common rO0!- A Ans: 56,44 Prove that the roots of x? - 3x +2 =0 are rational. 2 O has equal roots, find k. 4 Ifthe equation x? + 2 (k + 2)x + 9k = Ans: k =1or4 Find the condition under which the two quadratic equations 1424! x +c! = 0 may have a root common. 4 ‘Ans: (be! — b'c) (ab! - a" b) = (ca' ~ 'a)? 2 Ans: x?-4x+1=0 =p and product of roots is q, find the quadratic equation. 2 ‘Ans: x? +px+9=0 Ifa and B be the roots of the equation px? + gx + q= 0, prove that: a B PR _ evi ‘ Determine the value of p for which one root of the equation : x2 + px +1 =0 is the square of the other. Ifx? + px + q=0 and x? + qx + p= 0 have a root in common, show that: ax? + bx +¢=Oanda' Find the quadratic equation whose one root is 2 + B Ifthe sum of roots is. either p=qorp+q+l = 0. 4 If the roots of the equation x? + px + q = 0 are in the same ratio as those of the equation x? + Ix + m = 0, show that pm = Pq. 4 Find a quadratic equation whose roots are twice the roots of: 4x2 + 8x-5=0. 2 If the difference of roots of the equation x*+px+q = 0 is unity, show that p? =1+4q. 2 Ifa, b, c are rational and a + b + c = 0, show that the roots of: (b+c—a) x2+(¢+a—b)x+(a+b—c)=O are rational. 4 Scanned with CamScannerone root 2 Ans: k= 6 <,_aae sum ofthe oots ofthe equation mt 1x7 + 2m + 3)x+ Bm +4)= 0, is zero find the product of its roots, 2 Ans: 2 33. the roots of the equation p (q.=1) x7 (F- p).x-+ r(p-q) = 0 are equal, show iat + 1 ae i +4, Find the condition for the equation (x—a) (\~b) + (Xb) (Kc) + (Kc) (Xa) = 0 to have real and distinct roots. Ans:a=b=c 25, Ifa and are the roots of ax? + bx + ¢ = 0. Find the equation whose roots are af"! and Bort. Ans; acx? — (b? - 2ac)x + ac = 0 26. If the quadratic equations ax? + bx + ¢ = 0 and bx? + cx +a =0 havea common root, then prove that a? + b* + c} = 3abe, 27. If the quadratic equations ax? + bx + c = 0 and bx? + cx + a = 0 have a ‘common root, then prove that either a+b +c=0ora= 1.6 SEQUENCE AND SERIES 1 42,3,4 1. Sum ton terms ofthe series:l+5-+33+35 +... A Ans: 4395 _nin )@n+1) 2. Prove that: 12 +2243?+ 42+ ene tn? = an ny 7 3. Find the general term and also the sum ofn terms of the series. 6 + Lon t2(n-1)+3.0-2)* oe Ans: r(a—r +, Both ot2 4, Sum to n terms of the series: 5 24 CD" an -2) Ans: 5+ UG 5, Sumtonterms of the series 1.12+4.22+ 7,324... , 7) Scanned with CamScanner128. | GSS Practice Book - XII 1 Ans: 730" 10n?—3q 4 6. Prove that: antl) ene 2p Saeeent tl em] b. 143454... 4(2n- 1) =n? c 244464... +2n=n(n+1) +12 7. Prove that Pavers ={My } 8. Find the sum ton" terms of PHRES+.. Ans: 3 (4n?~1) 9. Find the sun ton" terms of +1 + 1+(14+2)+(1+243)4... Ans: MA*N +2 10. Using the principle of mathematical induction, n(n+1) prove that: 1+2+3+4+...+n=—— 11, Using the principle of mathematical induction. Prove that: 24446+...+2n=n(n+1). 12. Prove by the principle of mathematical induction. PHD+3 4.4 w =o 13, Prove by mathematical induction: 14+345+.....¢mterms =n? 14. Prove by the principle of mathematical induction that: 23" -1 is divisible by 7. 15, State the principle of mathematical induction. Using it prove that: 1 1342.4 +35 +... +m (n42)= Gn (ntl) (2047). 16. Prove by the principle of mathematical induction that: 1 pe ae ~~ 3334+ ntl) ntl ( 1 12723734 17. Prove by the principle of mathematical induction that Scanned with CamScannerMathematics | 129 use mathematical induction to prove that for any positive integer n, 32° — 1 1S visible by 8. 2 9, show by principle of mathematical induction n? +n is an even number. ! i ae 30, For any positive integer n, by using principle of mathematical induction prove: (+ 3p>n+7. 1.7 MATRIX BASED SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATION 1, Using inverse matrix method, solve the following equations. gy-Sx=3, x+2=1, 242y=2 Ans: x =3, y=2,2=-2 Solve by inverse matrix method: aty=7, xt3y=H Ans: x=2,y=3 3, _ Using inverse matrix method, solve the following equations: x+2y-32=9, 2x-y+22=-8, 3x-y-42=3 Ans: y=2,2=-2 4. Give reason why simultaneous equation x + 2y = 5 and 3x + 6y = 12 are not solvable by Cramer's Rule. 5. Solve the equations by Cramer's rule 9y-Sx=3,xtz=1&2+2y=2 Ans: x=3,y=2,2= 6. Using Cramer's rule solve the following system. xtyt2=6, x-y+z=2, Sx-9y 4,6 7. Using Cramer's rule, solve: 5 += Ans: x=3,y=2,2=1 8. Solve by row-equivalent method: 3x—2y =8; 5x +3y=7 9, Solve by row equivalent matrix method gy —5x=3,x+2= 1, 2y 42-2 Ans: x =3,y=2,2=-2 10, Solve the following system of equations by the row-equivalent matrix method 4 xoty +272, 2+ 8y +5225, x4 2y— =3,y=2,22-1 Scanned with CamScanner130 | GSS Practice Book - XI — nee TRIGONOMETRY CIRCULAR FUN (CTIONS 21 INVERSE 1. Prove that cot (tan 2x) + cot (tan 3x) =X 2m. 20 Ans: 28 2. Solve: 2 tan! x=sin "Ty qi t SI T+ Tag i 1-03 3. Solve: cos (sin"! x) =5- Ans:x=¥) 4, Prove that: tan” (5) Hi 5. Prove that: sec"!x + cosee™'x =5. 6. Iftan~'x + tan“y + tan'z = x, show that x + y +Z= XYZ. 7. Prove that cos (-x) = cos'x 8. Ifcot! x + cot"y + cot!z m show that xy + yx + 2x = rie ee teot ee (E%) 9. Show that tan x= 9 sin" 3-9 e087 (Tp 10. Ifsin'x+sin’ y+sin z=", prove that wie +yVi-y +i z= 2xyz 1 - 11, Prove that: ta! 3 cos fed =) 12. Ifcos'x + cos'ly + cos'z = m, show that: x? + y? +2? + 2xyz= 1. x 13. If tan!x + tan'!y + tan!z= 3» Prove that xy + yz + zx 14, Prove that: sin(2sin"'x) = 2x 15. Prove that cos(sin‘! x + cos y) = yWIae - xf -y? 16. Prove that : sin (3 sin-'x) = 3x—4x? 17. Prove: 3 cos'x = cos"! (4x°~3x) ly =5 prove that x°+ y 18. Ifcosx + cos“! Scanned with CamScannerFe: Mathematics | 13) | 19 4 tan! tan! 1 +tan! 2+ tan S=R=2 (lant } + tay t l ami 7 t tant) 39, Prove that : ¥ . x=b 4. fax 2}. Prove that : inr'x + sin'y = sin! six sim'y = sit’! (x T= + y Thy 72. Prove that : -b tan ) +tan! 2.2 TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATION Al VALUES ND GENERAL 1, Solve for general values of x, 7 sin? x +3 cos?x = 4, x Ans: nt § 2. Solve for general values of x: cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x = 0, a a Ans: (2n + 1)—, (6n +2) — 4 3 §: 3. Solve: cos 3x+eos2x=singxtsing(Ocxco), Ans, x 4, Solve: tan?x=secx +1 Ans: Qn +1) x, 2nn +5 5. Find the general values of x, when sin 2x tan x + 1 = sin 2x + tan x. n Ans: 0 +— 6. Find the general values of x when cos x + sin x = cos 2x + sin 2x Ans: in, (4n +1) — 6 7, Af'sin2x=3 sin 2y, prove that : 2 tan (x—y)= tan (x +y). Solve: sin 0+ sin 20 + sin 30 = cos 8 + cos 20 + cos 30. Scanned with CamScannerSLOBAL GEOOL io Mathe ae Mathematies | 13 if 124 tan! 3 = an LFtam! 24a 3 n= 2 (an ty yy ant! an! 5+ tant by Prove that : 3 x=b = 31, Prove that : soln + sin”) sin'x + sin"'y = sin (x Fy ay 22. Prove that ; — -1(b=c Tab)! (FE) am (8 2.2 TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATION AN RES ID GENERAL Sa 1. Solve for general values of x, 7 sin? x +3 cos?x = 4, Ans: net 2. Solve for general values of x: cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x = a x Ans: (n+ 1) —, (6n +2) — ns: (2n Dyn Solve: cos 3x+ cos 2x sin $x + sin$(0- 93, Find the equation of the hyper 647 Ansty (10,0) a Will vertex (8, 0 . 8,0) and passing the point (82, 4) . cae through x Ans: > ~ < = th a mg go 24, Find the eccentricity of hyperbota x2 ~12=0, 5 aioe. Ans) 25. Find the eccentricity and the foci of the hyperbola 3x? — dy? yperbola 3x? ~ dy? = 36 Ans: o + (421, 0) lard form with a focus at (0, 5) , : Ans: L6y? — 9x? = 144 Obtain the equation to the hyperbola in the standard form with a focus at 26. Find the equation of hyperbola in the stand: and a vertex at (0, - 3), Find the eccentricity, coordinates of the vertices and the foci of the (-7, 0) and eccentricity 2 i ity 4 Ans: 16-33 hyperbola : 5x? — 20y? ~ 20x = 0 Ans: 8 $4, 0) and (0, 0); (2 475, 0) 29. Find the equation of the hyperbola with vertex at (0, 8) and passing through the point (4, 83). Aa x -$e4 30. Find the equation of the hyperbola with a focus at (0, 5) and a vertex at (0,-3). Ans: 16y?— 9x? = 144 31. Find the equation of the hyperbola with focus at (-5, 0) and vertex at (2,0). Ans: 21x? — 4y? = 84 32. Find the eccentricity vertices and the coordinates of the foci of the 2 y 5 hyperbola 5-4 = 1. Ans: af, (22V3, 0) Scanned with CamScannerMathem: | 135 . Ans: (25,0); (44, 0) ap. Find oecentricity and Foc of the hypeibla YE 2. x = 5 . 64> |-Ans: 5, (4:10, 93, Find the equation of the hyperbola will vertex ; ieee (8,0) and passing through the point (8/2, 4) vy Ans: g-1¢= 4, Find the eccentricity of hyperbola x2 — 4y?-12=0, no 8 5. Find the eccentricity and the foci of the hyperbola 3x2 — dy? = 36. Ans: o (421, 0) 26. Find the equation of hyperbola in the standard form witha focus at (0, 5) and a vertex at (0), ~ 3). Ans: 16y?- 9x? = 144 27. Obtain the equation to the hyperbola in the standard form with a focus at (7, 0) and eccentricity 4 . 28. Find the eccentricity, coordinates of the vertices and the foci of the hyperbola : 5x? - 20y?- 20x = 0 Ans: 8 3 (4, 0) and (0, 0); (2 47/5, 0) 29. Find the equation of the hyperbola with vertex at (0, 8) and passing through the point (4, 8/2). ‘Ans: x. x 30. Find the equation of the hyperbola with a focus at (0, 5) and a vertex at (0-3). ‘Ans: 16y?- 9x? = 144 31. Find the equation of the hyperbola with focus at (-5, 0) and vertex at (2,0). Ans: 21x? — 4y*= 84 32. Find the eccentricity vertices and the coordinates of the foci of the Ans: 8, (4275, 0) a nyperbola% = 1 Scanned with CamScanner136 | GSS Practice Book - XII 3.2. CO-ORDINATES IN SPACE Find the direction cosines ofa line which is equally inclineg (0 the AK, 1 Ans:t~~ 410 | Bt Rad NG 5 Find the direction cosines of a line joining the points Sea (1, 2, 3) and (4, 5, 7). Ans: =, 4 Vai Ba 1£0 is the origin, P(2, 3, 4) and Q(1, -2, 1) be any two points, show that OP is perpendicular to OQ. Ifa, B and y are the direction cosines of a line, prove that c0s2a + cos2P + cos2y +1 =0. Find the ratio in which the line joining the points P(-2, 4, 7) ang QG, -5,-1) is divided by the yz — plane, Ans:2:3 IEP and Q denote the coordinates (2, 6,2) and (4,5, 0) respectively, the direction cosines of the line PQ. Ans: z 72 Find the angle between the two lines whose direction ratios are 2,3, 4 and 1,~2, 1. Ans: 5 Find the direction cosines of a line passing through the points M(-2,4, 3) and N(-I, 2, 5). ansit 22 Find the locus of a point which is equidistant from the Points (1, 2,3) and (3, 2,-1). Ans: x~2z=0 Show that the points (3, 0, 1), (2, 2, 2), (-1, 3, 3) and (0, 1, 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram. ~The section of two points P(2, ~4, 3) and Q(x, y, z) in the ratio 2: 1 is (-2, 2, -3). Find Q. Ans: (+4, 5, -6) . Find the ratio in which the line joining the points (2, 4, 5) and (3, 5,4) is divided by xy-plane. Ans: 5:4 Show that the points A(1, 2, 3), B(4, 0, 4) and C(-2, 4, 2) are collinear. Prove that the points (-4, 9, 6), (0, 7, 10) and (-I, 6, 6) are the vertices of a right angled isosceles triangle. li, Scanned with CamScannerfind the direction cosines a —__ Mathemg * OF a tine wh mae Nose direction Talios are 16. Find the co-ordinates of the poin : which divide 3)and(5.5.-O) inthe rage, ts then joining, 4 Ans: (4, 2, -3) are proportional ines of a line Ans: 99° ee ae line ? Prove: sina, + sin’) + sin2y = 2 adie 18 the points fi p the Tine joining the points (-4, 3, Ba (1,2, 3) and (4, 5,7) is parallel to and (2,9, 2) 20. Show tha the angle between the vo diagonals ofa eabe soe! () pre 5 a 2. sow hy the line AB is perpendicular to CD if A, B,C, Dare the points 0 3 )s(5,4 1), (3, 6,2) and (1, 2,0) respectively n. m the angle between the two lines Whose direction ratios are ay, bi, ¢1 and a, ba, ex. Also, find the condition under which the two lines are perpendicular, Find the angle between the 17. Find the ang! ‘cen the lines whose direct, 101,2,4and-2,-9, 5 Nose direction cosines 18. What are direction cg 19. Show th Ans: 0=cos? (penton para + = Var tbeter is) iam byb2 + ee: = 0 23. Find the angle between the two straight lines whose direction cosines are ‘i, mi, ny and Iz, ms, na, Also find the condition for the two lines to be perpendicular to each other. Ans: 6 = cos (lila + mim) + nyn2); hh + mm2 + mim2= 0 24. Show that the joining the points (1, 2, 3) and (-1, -2, ~3) is parallel to the line joining the points (2, 3, 4) and (5,9, 13). 25. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines are given by 1+m+n=Oand2Im+2In-mn=0 Ans: 120° 26. Prove that line which makes angle, x, y,,8 with four diagonals of a cube is cos?x + cos*y + costz.+ cos? 8 = 27. A(2,3,-1), BGS, 2, 3), C(4, 3, -5), D(-2, 1, -3) are four points in space. -1 __ Find the projection of AB on CD. Ans: Vi Scanned with CamScanner138 28. 30. 3h. 32. 33. 3 35. 36. & 37. 3 38. x | GSS Practice Book - XII Find the detion cosines oh ine Which spp ge se Ne I with direction cosines proportional 10 3, 1, 1 any x om cr A _ V0" io Fe are 6, 2, 3. Find the length ory. OF the le ‘The projection of a line on the axi and its direction cosines Ans: G2 . . i) Find the direction cosines |, m, n of two lines which are connected by th lc relations: | + m+ n= and mn - 2nl -2im = 0. A (GeeR(G2 (Teer vo) Weryerd) Find the direction cosines 1, m, n of two lines which are connected by the relation: 4l + 3m —2n = 0 and Im — mn + nl = 0. 221 34 Ans: G.Fgana( $8) Find the ratio in which the line joining the points (-2, 4, 7) and (3, 5, -§) is divided xy-plane. Ans: 7:8 Given three collinear poins A(3, 2,~4), B(S, 4, ~6) and C(9, 8, ~10). Find the ratio in which B divides AC. Ans: 1:2 Find the ratio in which the yz-plane divides the line joining (4, 6, 7) and (1, 2, 5), Also find the coordinates of the point on the yz plane. Prove that the straight lines whose direction cosines are given by the relations al + bm + cn =0 and finn + gnl + hlm = 0 are perpendicular if figih ath te 7 0and parallel if Vat + bg + Veh = 0. Show that the straight line whose direction cosines are given by the equations al + bm +cn = 0 and ul? + vm? + wn? = 0 are perpendicular if Boe 2 a(v + w) + b(u + w) + c2(u + v)= 0 and parallel reat’ =0. Find the equation of the plane which makes equal intercepts on the axes and passes through the point (2, 3, 4). Ans: x+y+z=9 Find the intercepts made by the plane 2x + 3y + 4z=24 on the coordinate Ans: 12, 8, 6 axes. ee Scanned with CamScannerfind the equation of the plane whos » 4 respectively. Find k so that the planes x Mathematics | 139 r Creepts on the axes ate 2, 3, and Ans; 6x+dy43,— Yeke=g Y+32=12 eerie nd 2+ 5y 2 =O area tight a. Find the equation of the plane though (1,2,3) and ms nes 3x -4y + Sz=0, '0 the plane . Ans; 3x — = 4, Show that the plane 2x 4 3y yg 3 is parallel wien = ~ y a ~ lane 10x * 15)" 202 12 and perpendicular i the plane 3x + 2y 4 32-= 5, 43. Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes ATE ES Gand On + 3y + 404 5 = 0 ang Perpendicular to the plane dx + Sy- 3258. 44. Find the equation of the ANS: x+ Ty + 132496 =0 perpendicular to the plane through the point (2, -3, 1) and line Joining the ‘wo points (3, 4, 1) and (2,-1, 5), Ans: x + 5y~62419=9 45. Find the equation of the plane Passing through the points (1, 1, 0), (2,2, -1) and (1, 2,1), Ans: 2x +3y—32=5 46. Find the equation of the plane through the points (2, 2, 1) and (9, 3, 6) and normal to the plane 2x 4 by + 6z=9, Ans: 3x + dy -52=9 47. Find the equ: lation of the plane throu; and perpendicular to the 8. Prove that igh the points (-1, 1, 1) and (1,1, 1) Plane x + 2y + 22=5.Ans: 2x + 2y—32+3=0 4 plane through three points (x1, ys, 21), (Xo Yo, 23) and (%3, ys, 23) is given by £ XX yey) aay X2-X1 2 Yi 2-ay =0 MM YW Hz ind the equation of the plane pas: ugh (2, 2, -1) (3, 4, 2) th f the plane passing through ( 1) ¢ ae 0 j " Ans: 5x +2y~32=17 and (7, 0, 6). ‘Scanned with CamScanner140. | GSS Practice Book - XU Mme VECTORS 4.1 PRODUCT OF VECTORS ~ awe Ina = 67 + 3p ~ SK and B = 7 ~ 4] 4 2k, show that a » ¥ perpendicular to a. Prove that: (a - b) x(a +b Find the area of the parallelogram determined by the vectors +3K and-37 - 27 +k. Ans: 65 sq. units Show that vector product @ * B is perpendicular to both vectors @ and &. Ifa +b +¢=0, prove that a x b=bxe=exa. If(a +B) (ab) =0, prove that [al = |b]. Find the area of the triangle determined by the vectors 37 + 4} and +7} Ans: 20.5 sq. units Find a unit vector perpendicular to each of the vectors 37 + j +2K and 3 Find the vector perpendicular to each of the vectors (1, 3, -4) and (2, 1,-1). Ans: (1, -7, -5) 2f-27 +4k. An: 1f 0 is the angle between two unit vectors @ and b, show that lo > 0 3lt-Bi=sin5. Find the sine of the angle between the two vectors: 27 — 7 + K and 3P +47 RB. 156 Show that the area of the parallelogram determined by 7 + j - 3K and ~1~2} - 38 is 118 sq. units. State and prove the sine law by the vector method. Scanned with CamScanner2i. 22. 23. show that the ar 141 angle POR wh hose vertic, Q(3.4.5) and R(L, 4, 7) is ee S¢ Vertices are P(1, 2, 3), Prove by vector method that: sin (A )- SinA cost : CosB ~ cosA sinB. Prove vectorically that in any triangle—2 bc “sin A Bo sinc’ Prove by vector method: sin(A + B) = } in. A cos B+ cos A sin B Define vector product of two Vectors. Interpret the vectors geometrically, Prove, in any triangle, by vector method that A_sinB_ sinc a b c vector product of two Define scalar product of two vectors, Prove vectorically that, cos (A + B) = cos A cos B- sin A sin B, Define vector product of two vectors, prove by vector method sin (A ~ B)= sin A cos B- cos A sin B. Define vector product of two vectors, Prove by vector method. sin(A + B)= sinA cosB + cosa . sinB. Define vector product of two vectors. Prove by vector method that in any ; ae triangle ABC, iq Sin B~ sin Define a vector product. Find a unit vector perpendicular to the plane of FHT 4 F-RB = 7-27 +H Also compute the sine of the angle between them. ‘Scanned with CamScannerPractice Book = XI 142 | ¢ / ini tad STATISTICS AND PROBABILITy 5.1 CORRELATION AND REGRATION 1. I(x ~ HP = 40, Ely - ¥)? = 63 and E(x 8) (¥ ~ 9) = 35, find hy correlation coefficient between the two variables x and y. Ans: 0,697 10, X = 18, ZY = 25, EX? = 90, LY? = 120 and EXY = 65, fing 2 ifn= ul the correlation coefficient between two variables. Ans: 0.35 3, In = 15, 0, = 3.2, 6 = 3.4 and 3(X - X) (Y ~ Y) = 122, find the correlation coefficient between the two variables. Ans: 0.75 4, If the covariance between the two variables x and y is 18, and the variances of x and y are 16 and 81 respectively, find the coefficient of correlation between them. Ans: 05 5. Calculate the correlation coefficient between two variables from the following data: Ex? = 114, By? = 422 and Exy = 174 Ans: 0.79 6. _ Find the correlation coefficient between the two variables x and y from the following data: x 5 7 1 3 4 y 2 2 4 5 6 Ans: -0,42 7. From the following table calculate the correlation coefficient by Karl Pearson's method. x 10 12 20 ? 16 14 Y 9 12 15 18 14 16. AM of X = 15. Ans: 0.78 8. Define correlation. Find Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation of the marks of the following distribution, x 20 30 40 50 60 i 50 46 30 24 8 Ans: 0.34 a Scanned with CamScannermoment formula, calculate coy Fe elation coefficie sowing series of ages of husbands oetlicient for b (X) and wives (yy, 4.) 44 | 45 48 40 42 4 228 a 2587 age 5 : , Ans: 0.976 Calculate Karl Pearson's correlation Coefficient between the two sariables height (in ems) and weight (in kg) from the data given below: wet | 160 | te gs ta ae Weight {| 6 | @ 64 60 61 * Ans: 0.41 Calculate the coefficient of correlation between x and y series from the following data Series x Series y No. of observations 15 15 sd 3.01 3.03 Ie-Dy Ans; 0.89 12, Calculate the Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation between the age and blood pressure of 8 patients: \Age | 23 | 48 | 43 | 68 | 70 | 28 | 35 | 26 Blood Pressure | MS | 127 | 123 | 140 | 145 | 118 | 121 | 120 Ans: 0.98 Find the regression equation of y on x when : Ex =15, Ly =25, Ux? = 55, Ly? = 140, Exy=78,n=5 Ans: y=0.3x+4.1 14. The regression coefficient of y on x is 0.32. If the arithmetic means of x and y series are 42 and 36 respectively, find the regression equation of y onx. Ans: y= 0.32x + 22.56 15, From the following pair of regression equations, find the correlation coefficient between the two variables x and y. 4x ~ Sy +33 =0.and 20x - 9y~ 107=0 Ans: 0.6 16. Define regression and lines of regression. Find the correlation coefficients between the two variables when bay = 1.8 and by. = 0.35 4a Ans: 0.79 Scanned with CamScanner\k - XI Practice Boo! 144 |G 17, The regression coeflie respectively. If the art respectively, fin 18, From the following data, ¢ d two equations of cients of x on Y ithmetic means of x Ans: nd y on xa and y series are 42 ang 9 lines of regression. 6 y=0.32x + 12.56, x= O.84y + 29,45 Wd 039 ompute the line of regression for stimating he most probable age on a Weight Of 37 ky age on weight and estimate # Age (X) a ee Weight (Y) 10 35 50 65 55 45 19, The equations of two regression Fines 3X +4Y = 65, 3X + ¥=32 Find, are the mean of X and the mean of Y. ii. _ the regression coefficients. iii, the correlation coefficients between X and Y ‘Ans: x= 0.85 y ~ 2.66, 28.79 iv. the ratio of standard deviations of X and Y 5.2 PROBABILITY Ans: (i) 7, 11 i -3,-5 wy-} (iv) 2:3 1. The mean of a binomial distribution the value of p, the probability ofa success. 2, In8 throws of a dice, turning of | or 6 is considered to be a succes the mean and standard deviation. 3. A dice is success. Find the probability of getting two successes. 4. A dice is thrown 3 times. Getting a 2 or 3 is numbered as a success. Find the probabilities of getting two success. n is 80 and standard deviation 8, find as} ind. g4 Ansi3 +3 rolled 4 times. Getting an even number is considered as a Scanned with CamScannera > are thrown, 7 spanee lice are thrown, What is the | Probability of ye rind the binomial distribution havin, mean = $2 ms F n= 12 and variance = & (2 ar Any: (544° 4, Acompany produces electronics chips by a Process th : ' Ia 5 . ya cess that ma ctures 5 a " manufactures normally average 20% defective Products, Sample of f me selected at random and the Parts are tested fo Reber r Cert rs ain characteristics, what is the probability that (1) no chip is defective fF ir defective (ii) more than one chip are dafectie Sieh 286 4. 113 i) 2 i 30257 625 g, Out of 32 students in a class, 8 students are girls. If 3 students are selected, find the probability that i, one student is a boy ii, 2 students are boys and one gir! Ans 2 ay 9, Theaverage percentage of failure in a certain examination is 70. What is the probability that out of 5 candidates at least 3 will pass? Ans: 0.16308 10. A certain manufacturing process produce electrical fuses of which 15% are defective. Find the probability that in a sample of 10 fuses selected at random there will be (i) no defective (ii) not more than one defective. i) 0.1969 (ii) 0.5443 11. Define Binomial distribution. Find the probability of getting (i) two heads (ii) at least two heads in 5 tosses ofacoin. — Ans 5 : 12. Four coins are tossed simultancously. What is the probability of getting (i) 2 heads (ii) 4 heads. Ans: o3 we 1 < 13. The probability of a man's hitting a target is 3. Ifhe fires 5 times, what is the probability of his hitting the target (i) exactly thrice (ii) none (iii) at least thrice. Ans: (i) 0.0879; (ii) 0.2373; (iii) 0.10, 14, If 4 dice are thrown, what is the probability of getting (i) exactly 3 six and (ii) no sixes. Scanned with CamScanner16. Define Binomial distribution, and its mean and variance, hence find the P 45 probability of getting three heads in five tosses of two coins. Ans: 57> Suppose that in a certain city 60% of all recorded births are males. If we select 5 births from the population, what will be the probability that i none of them is male ii. exactly three of them are male. Ans: (i) 3195 i) 625 ‘The incidence of occupation diseases in an industry is such that the workmen have a 20% chance of suffering from it. What is the probability 53 that out of six workmen four or more will contact the disease? Ans: 315 A sample of 100 fuses is known to have an average 5 defective fuses. Three fuses of sample are tested. What is the probability that (i) none of them is defective (ii) exactly one of them is defective? 1083 6859... Ans: () $990 “ 000 Scanned with CamScannerOBA Fs Gots OL ee CALCULUs “from frst pri les, 1 2, Find rom Fist principles, te derivate gree ya Anse seahy 3, Find from firs principle, the derivative organs Ans: 2x cos x? : Amma 4, Find from defi a tion the derivative of lg (sin’) +608 x *). Ans: 4 cot ® 5, Find from first principles, the derivative of sin'x, Ans: 1 “Vint 6, Find from the principe, the derivative of og tan Ans: 2 ns: 2 cosec 2x 7. _ Find the derivative of sin (log x) from first Principles. Ans: eos (log x) 2 log x 8. _ Find from first principles, the derivative of at, i atl 9, Find from first principles, the derivative of log sin x fe e : cot x 10. Find from first principles, the derivative of tan, Ans: Tax 11, Find from first principles, the derivate of ¢ 12. Find, from first principles, the derivative of In (sin x2). Ans: 2x cot x? 13, Find from first principles, the derivatives of cos"x, Ans: -— 14, Find from first principles the derivative of log (see x) Ans: tan x 15, Find, from frst principles, the derivative of x. Inx Ans: 1+ Inx 7 ae : -1 16. Find from first principles the derivative ofncos'x. Ans;-——=-— princi iv x Ans = int hy 1. Find from first principles, the derivative of In (cos \fx). Ans: —= ai tanyx . Find from first principles, the derivative of x*, Ans: x* (1 +logx) . Find the derivative of x, Ans: x-(82 + tog x cosh x) 20. Find the derivative of (sec x)", Ans: (see Pes + sec?x, log see x) 21. Find the derivative of log sinh x. Ans: coth x Scanned with CamScanner148 |G 22. 23. 24, 25. 27. 28. 29. 30. Fe 32. 33. 34. 36. ih i + cosh x, Find the derivative of (Inx)""* Ans: (Inx) ae ‘osh x. Iman sech (tan™'x) tanh (tans, Ans: — 14x any) Find & when y = sech (tan! x). xy" Find the derivative of sinh 5) . Ans: ? x \ (sion) fe coth * + 2x log (sim } r(Cosh x)" Find the derivate of (Cosh x)*"" ‘Ans: (cosh xy" (sinh x tanh x x ond Find the derivative of : log inh | 5 Ans: 5 coths Ans: see x 1 Find the derivative of 2 tanh"! (100 al ) Find the derivative of Arc tan sin hx. Ans: sech x Find the derivative of x“), 1 x1 PN xenon (1 ogg X41 W Ans: x ¢ cosh? 3 + log sink i) only Find the derivative of e!* Ans nx Find the derivative of (sin £ + cosh x) a, af sinh = xy x ah 2 Ans: o( sinh at cosh 3) E + tog( sinh 3+ cosh | Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = 2x3 — 5x? + 8 at the point (2, 4), Ans: x +4y= Find the points on the curve x* + y? = 36 at which the tangents are parallel to the y-axis. Ans: (6, 0), (-6,0) Find the points on the circle x?+ y= 16 at which the tangents are parallel 10 X-axis. Ans: (0,44) Find the points on the curve y = x? 3x? + 1 where the tangent is parallel © the x-axis. Ans: (0, 1) and 2,-3) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = 2x? - 5x? + 8 a 4). Ans: 4x-y=4 ae Scanned with CamScannerMathematics | 149 16a A Which tangents ae paral toy. , Ans: (4, 0), (-4, 0) and the angle of intersection of the curves y? = aa «i Ihe curves y= x° and y = 2x athe point (0, 0 Ans: tan-!(2) ~. ‘Acircular copper plate is heated so that its radius increases from 5 cm to 5,06 cm. Find the approximate increase in area. a ‘ : Ans: 0.6 % em? go. Find the angle of intersection of the curves dy = Vand y?= 8x at (2, 4) Ans: 0° 41. Find the slope and inclination with the x-axis of the tangent of 1 = -x! = y=-3x-xtatx Ans: |and | 42. Find the points on the curve dy = x*— 8x? where the tangents are paralleled to the x-axis, Ans: (0, 0) (-2,—4) and (2,4) 43. Find the slope and inclination with x-axis of the tangent of ; x? + y? = 36 at (0, 6). Ans: 0 and 0° 44. Using L Hospital’ rule, evaluate; i) 0% Ans: 2 x90 x- 45. Using L Hospital's rule, evaluate: oo Ans: 0 2 x90 : 46, Evaluate, using L Hospital’ rte: 1”) U2" Ans: | x90 Ix . . lim x—sinx cos x 2 47. Using L Hospitals rule evaluate: \) "3 Ans: - . lim xe*—log (14x) 48, Using L Hospital's rule, evaluate: 7 xenon ‘ Ans: 3/2 : Lt tanax a 49. Evaluate, using L' Hospital's rule: “9 ante Ans: 5 «syne vle evalate: Ut Sa! At 50, Using L’ Hospital's rule, evaluate: “yg 3 ns: 5 , ere | tim et +e*=2.c0sx ae 51, Using L Hospital's rule evaluate: 3g —sin?x ns: are | lim x=sinx a 52, Using L Hospital's rule, evaluate: "q+ Ams: § _— 53, State Roll's theorem. Interpret it geometrically. Verify Rolle's theorem for \ the function f(x) = (x - 1) (x ~ 2) (x~ 3) in [1, 3). Wf Scanned with CamScanner55. 56, 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. Book - XII ¢ the mean value theorem and interpret i geometrically. Yer, tary . = he function f(x) = fx on [1, 4] satisfies conditions of the mean value thon em and find e prescribed in the theorem, Ans: 9 4 cally. Verify State mean value theorem, Interpret it geometrically. Verify MEAN Valye theorem for the function f(x) = x(x — 1)? in [0, 2]. State the mean value theorem. Use it t0 find a point on the party f(x) = (x — 3), where the tangent is parallel to the chord Joining the poin, an ans (2,4 (3, 0) and (4, 1), th h)) Define Lagrange's mean value theorem. Also verify the theorem for the function f(x) = 2x?— 10x +29 in (2, 7]. 2 State Rolle's theorem. Using Rolle's theorem find a point on the curve A(x) = cos 2x where the tangent is parallel to x-axis on [-x, x]. Anst 0,1) State Rolle’s theorem. Interpret it geometrically. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = sin x, x € [0, x]. Also find a point in the curve represented by given function where the tangent is parallel to x-axis, sme B(f 2! State Rolle's theorem. Verify Rolle's theorem for the function 1 f(%) = 2x? 3x +1 inl, i]. State Mean Value theorem. Verify the mean value theorem for the function fx) =F =4, x © [2,4]. Ans: ¢= 6 State Rolle's theorem. What is the geometrical interpretation of Rolle’s theorem. Verify Rolle’ theorem forthe function x)=YT=¥2 x € [1,1] State Rolle's theorem. Verify that the function {(x) = sinx + cosx on [0, 2) satisfies the conditions of Rolle's theorem and find the constant ¢ prescribed by the theorem, If f(x) = (x ~ 1), show that {(0) = f(2), but there is no number c in (0, 2) such that £\(c) = 0. Why does not this contradict Rolle's theorem? State Rolle's Theorem. Interpret it geometrically. Verify Rolle's Theorem for the function f(x) = x(x ~ 3)? for x [03]. Ans State mean value theorem. Interpret it geometrically. Verify mean value theorem for the function f(x) = (x-1) «-2 @- 3)in[1, 4]. da} Scanned with CamScannerBAL ist HOO x ANTI-DERIVATIVES Matha | 151 ae dy Evaluate: les Pax Ans: sini) 7 c Find the integral lis + 3cos? Ans: } tan(32) Evaluate: ees Ans: tan (0) +. Find the integral ls ‘ PGT AM log -34 FATT) ac 5, Evaluate: 3x ale: 3 J (=ae—H dk Ans: ap ( log(x—2)—blog(x by} +c 6. Braluate: f nae 7 fl C08 x) msix+ te 7. Evaluate: 1 1 2-2YVN=1 +z log (nt yP—7) + dx xeyiesy Ans: 8 Evaluate: Jaxx) a, Ans: (0-2) ara Sec a x (dx 1, (Bea 9. Evaluate: Jres. Anni 5F log | ——— | +c YB tans +1 thx dx inh x — 10. Compute the integral f SHE ans: Log are) te 11. Evatuate: eae Ans: 2log (xa +Vx=p+ fl 12. Find the integral f == Ans: $tog($24) + ott 1 13, Evaluate: fs dx Ans: 3 log (+9) +5 tan! 24.¢ Scanned with CamScanner20. 21 22. Show that: Find the i Evaluate: Evaluate: Evaluate; Prove: { Evaluate: Evaluate: Ans: log (x x sin! = +C sin!) 2 s tegral 2x5) Set HS Ans: 3 (0-584 1)"4¢ negra (28 - Ans: els 4 Lon ay 1 x-4 Ans: g log *S3+¢ xv +sin'y+¢ Tax Tox &* Xlac cosec x dx = log | tan 5] + C 1 xm dx gob z Ans: tog tan (: + ec Sinx + cos" a Z : (2x + 3) fx? = 2x - 3 dx. Ans: 3 = 2n~3)"843 =I) = 2x3 10 log(x ~ 1 Vx? = 2x=3) +C 23. 24, 25. 26. 21. Evaluate: Evaluate: Evaluate: Evaluate: Evaluate x - V5 +tan> x . +z 0g] —— |+€ 2+ 3cos x 5 Z V5" | ys-tand dx if (3 3) rss coal le Ans: 5 tar tanh 5 +C dx 1 ‘Ans: 3 log tan G+} cm F +C 3-18 , V3 @ Bo x- Jr= 75% Anst yg loa st 8 ; x) dx * ) 2xt-3x?-5 Tin + eos E+ \3 1 5 Ans: 74 log (x? + 1) +95 log (2x?7— 5) +C Scanned with CamScannerGLC OBAL SCHOOL 31. Lies | dy pvaluate: f 1+ sinx + cosy * x Ans: log (1nd +i)sc dx Evaluate: lars Ans: A (vay 3 2 (a3 =3, =i x Find the integral: fo (eet “4 Tras Ans: = ne Find the int “ ‘in ae 5 tant “Bec cos - Evaluate; fESA=SiNN 4, ara Ans: log (cos x + sin x +-6in 2x) +C Evaluate: J (2-x) 16> 6x— x dx. Ans: $ (+3) fiom wor sin (SSP 3.4 +3 (16 -6x- xyetc x 9 Integrate: [j~_a dx Ans: 4 log (x + 2)—3log (x +3) + 5 +C X.COSX, 1 - a Find the value of: [ ny repe yet Ans:-3 Taras TC ‘brat fb—a tan - ip ta—b—a tan ax Wecpemx: ab eho dy Integrate: Saree a>b 2 ( fa=b see Ans: estan fay "3 ‘Scanned with CamScanner154. | GSS Practice Book - XI 6.3 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 21. 22. Solve: xdy + (x+y) dx =0 : Solve: sec2x tan x dx + sec?y tan y dy = 0. ay ert Solve: a. etx ey. Ansictmetst eat Solve: => d Solve: (1+x°) 5 re Ans: y= tant y+ dy_l+y ix-y= Solve: = Ty x2° Ans: x—y=C(1+yy) x Solve: ydx — xdy = xy dy. Ans: log () ae Solve: We ax 20. Ans: y=e™—2x24.¢ dy y_ ae: Solve: GY +2=1 Ans: xy=5+¢ 1+ e082 Solve: SE yee = Ans: x+tany-y=C Solve: x, = =0. Ans: xf1-y'+yI-"=¢ Solve: e*-Y dx +e)" dy =0, Ans: e+ e%=C Solve: 2xydy - y’dx =0 Ans: y?= Cx Solve the differential equation: = Tae Ans: x?-+x-ySy=C Solve: x?dy - y’dx = 0 Ans: x—y= Cay Solve: 2xydx - x2dy = 0, cy Solve: x*dy - ydx = 0. Ans: x-y=Cxy Solve the differential equation (x + 2y ~ 3) dy -(2x-y + 1) dx=0 Ans: xy +y?~x?=3y-x=C art ae Ans: (x? +1) (y?+1)=C Sol atl Yyyex! a ec. Ans: TP +y=T 4x4 4x41 yoy we 2 Solve: & a Ans 54+ F+y= P45 4x40 solve: 2 =¥ + tan¥, Ans: sin (2) = ex aaa, “ad a Scanned with CamScanner34. 36. Solve: Ge =y tan x ~2sin x 37. Reduce the equation a 5. solve dx x wy, S-¥ 9 aa Sxy Ans; +x+C xe C\k Ans: y sec*x = seex + Ans: (x24 2y3 solve: 2s oy tanx = dy golve: x. + y= xy. meee : Ans: x= y (log x +C) Wy solve: cos'x y=, Ans: y= 1+ Cet Solve: (xy ~ x?)dy = y2dx a Ans: y = Ce Solve: x nx 4 y=2Inx, Ans: y In x = (Inx)? +C Solve: (1 +x) Many = x Ans: (1+ x)y =x + ce" Define exact differential equation hence solve SY = Y=X+1 dk "y-x¥5° Ans: x? + y? - 2xy - 2x + 10y = ds Solve: x e+ 2y=x* log x. Solve w ny =x. Solve: (x + 1) Berye Ans: y(1+ x)? =e +C solve: =¥ sin? Ans: cot (¥)=togx + ay Ans: yeosx =} eos 2x+C += yin linear form hence solve it. Ans: 1+ xy log x= Cxy x +1 x 38. Solve: #. A Ans: y+1=C.ey +1 39, Solve: sin x a +cosxy=xsinx. Ansty sin x =x cosx + sinx +C Jo. Solve: x? y dx = (x? + y°) dy. ‘Ans: x3 = 3y? log &) . Scanned with CamScanner156 | GSS Practice Book - XII 4. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. mB = 54. 35. 56. oe Tyo. arial solve: += sins? ns: xy peta Ans: 2x = (x — solve: Y= *= (8-9) logy et Solve: sin x & + (cosx)y = sinx cosx Ans: y sinx +5 ¢0s 2y<¢ 2x? (log x + ¢) Ans: (1 + x?)y Solve: tan x + y= see x Ans: ysinx=y4¢ Solve: xdy + y(x + y) dx = 0. Ans: x*y = C (y +23) 4 Solve: (1 +x) Be ry =4e, ‘Ans: (1 +x RIVEC Solve: (x? + y*) dy = xy dx Ans: x? = 2y? log ey dy yd sy=altCelt Solve: += Ans: y=1+Ce' Solve: (1x) $= l+xy Solve: (2-2) Bary Ans: x? + 2y? log Cy =0 é Solve the differential equation: (1 + x2) 2+ y= ela” , Ans: y=4 fax 4 cg-tan tx 2 dy Solve: G+ y cot x Ans: y sin x =—x cos x +sin x +C dy ¥ Solve: 2e=245 Ans: (y = x)?= C xy? dy 1 ‘ Solve: +5 y =x Ans: xy =S4¢ ae Solve: Y= ome : Ans: y?+ x? = Cx ‘Scanned with CamScanner7.1 10. nT BAL Mathematics |_157 BAI ComPpuTATIONAL METHODS LINEAR PROGRAMMING Find the x+y. Wle region determined by the inequalities YS6x 2x20, y>0. lly the solution set of 2x +y 2 2,x20, ¥ 20. Fegion determined by the inequalities 3x + 4y < 24, 0< YE402,y>1 Find the maximum and the minimum values of the Objective function. F= 16x -—2y+40 subjected to 3x + 4y <24,0 atx=3yn3 Apply simplex method to maximize z = 5x + 3y subject to 2x + y $40, x + 2y $50; x,y 20 Ans: Max. z= 110 at x = 10 and y=29 Apply simplex method to maximize z= 15x1 + 10x subject to 2x1 + x2 £10, x1 + 3x2 $ 10, x1, X22 0. Ans: Max. z= 80 at (4, 2) Maximize 2 = 5x1 + 7x2 subject to 2x; + 3x2 < 13, 3x1 + 2x2 < 12; x1, x2 2 0 by simplex method. Ans: Max. Z=31 at x1 =2,x.=3 Using simplex method, find the optimal solution of z = 8x1 + 5x subject to: xi + 2x2 $6, 4x1+3x2<12,x1,x220 Ans: 21 at 3,0) Using simplex method, Maximize F = 5x ~ 3y subject to: 3x + 2y <6,-x+3y23y2—4,x,y2>0 Ans: 10 at (2,0) Scanned with CamScannerMathematics | ee SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQU: x + 3y 24, 3x + 29=—4 Ans: x=-4,y=4 iss elimination ATIONS 1 + Byg Ga oss climinat; elimination method, solve 2: 2 7 Test the Method: X~y~2, consiste ncy of the following system by the Gau “1, 2x + +2= Y+2=2,3x+2y+92=4 ‘Ans: Consistent 3. Solve the fotlow, in X+3y—2— ne system = of equation by Gauss-elimination method. 2, 3x4 2y ~2=3,-6x—4y —22= 18 Ans: Method, eae solve the following system of equation: 2=7, Ix + dy +3z=8 : 5, Solve the followi allowing system of Ans: x=-15, y= 8,2=2 2x + 3y + 4z=20, 3 equations by Gauss climination meth ieee ee mination method, x + Sy + 62= 31. =1y=-3,2=-6 4, Using Gauss-etiminati i x+3y-22=5 3g > y 6, Solve by Gauss elimination method. 3x1 x2 +35, 11-419 +93 =-2, x1 449-3 Wxi xa —3x3 = -1, Ans: x1=1,%2=1,%3=1 Using Gauss-elimination method, solve the following system of equati ions: 7. ax - By +32 = 27, 4x + y ~ 22=0,-6x— dy + 22=0 Ans: x=3,y=-2,2=5 8. Use Gauss elimination method to solve: 4x-y+z=8, 2x + Sy +22=3,xt2yt4z= Ml Ans: x=1,y=-1,2= 3 9. Using Gauss-elimination method. Solve the following system of equations. 2xp + 3x3 = 7, 3X1 —Dxp + 2x3 = 1,281 43x.- 3035 ‘Ans: x12 1,327 25% 1 method, solve the following system of equation: 10. Using Gauss-elimination 9 ody 32=2,2x~ By EEE I 7 —_—— ‘canned with CamScanner160 | GSS Practice Book - XII ll. Ans: x=3,y=2,2=1 ing system of equations. Using Gauss elimination method, solve the follow’ —2x2 + 4x3 = 13. x1 —2x2-+ 3x3 = 10, 2x1 + 3x2 2x3 = 1, and -X1 Ans: x1 =1, x2 =3,x355 5 elimination method? Find the approximate What are two steps of Gaus: ae yy Gauss elimination solution of the following system of equations b} method: 3x-y+z=-2,x+ Sy +226, xt By +Zz=0. Ans: x=-2,y=0,z=4 Scanned with CamScanner161 Mathematics | D MATHEMATICS FOR ECONOMICS AN FINANCE =_MATHEMATIS FOR ECONOMICS & FINANCE CONSUMER AND PRODUCER SURPLUS Loa Ifthe demand law is uantity demanded, 1. demand is 5 P= 85 ~ 4x — x? where p is the price and x the find the consumer surplus if ii, market price is 64 1... Ans: (i) 1333 (ii) 36 b, The demand function fora P is the price and x, the demand is 3. New product is p= 50 — 2x ~ 3x? where quantity, Find the consumer surplus if Ans: 63 The demand function for a commodity is given by P = 120 - 4Q and the supply function is = 2Q where P and Q represent price and the quantity demanded respectively. Calculate consumer surplus and producer surplus under pure competition, Ans: 24, 8 b. The demand and the supply functions under perfect competition are Py = 16 ~ x? and P, = 2x? + 4 respectively. Find the market price, consumer surplus and producer surplus. Also find the total surplus. 16 32 Ansi3)s QUADRATIC FUNCTION IN ECONOMICS ti |. The total cost of a product is C(Q) = ? — 120Q + 8670, find the quantity is mini Also find the that the cost is minimum. ii Ans: Q= 60, min. cost = 5070 ‘ven minimum cost. ) ion P(Q) are gi © The total revenue function R(Q) and demand function P( below Scanned with CamScannerS Pra b. P= 180-30 1 a R(Q)= 36Q- 5H Find the number of items to be produced to make the revenue 1p; Xiu, Also find maximum revenue. Ans: (a) Q = 900, R= 16200 (b) Q=30,R The demand function is modelled by Q = {(P) = 1800 ~ Isp measured in units and P in rupees. F = 21H Where () press the revenue function R inp, i. What will be the total revenue when P = Rs. 90? ii. Find the quantity demanded at this price? iii, What is the concavity of the graph of revenue function? iv. At what price will the total revenue be maximum? Find thy maximum revenue? Ans: (i) Rs. 40500 (ii) 450 units (iii) downward concavity (iv) Rs. 60, Rs, $4,009 If the revenue function and the total cost function are R(x) = 5x ~ 3x2 and C(x) = x? — 3x, find the value of the maximum profit. Ans: 4 The demand function for a good is P = 24 ~ 2Q. Fixed cost of the goods is Rs. 30 and the variable cost for cach additional unit of goods is Rs.§ i, Express TC and TR in terms of Q. ii, Find the maximum revenue. iii. Express profit function in terms of Q. Determine the maximum profit. iv. Sketch the graph of revenue function and profit function. Ans: (i) TR = 24Q -2Q%, TC =8Q* 4 (ii) Max, revenue = Rs. 72 (iii) 1(Q) =-2Q' + 16Q-5 For the demand law (i) p = 3x — x? find the elasticity of demand when is level of output x = 2. Ans: -0.33, inelasti Scanned with CamScannerMathematics |_163 a EE The supply function and demand function are given below Supply function ; P = 2Q + 5 ; Demand function : P - 10Q +25 Calculate the market equilibrium price and quantity. Ans: P=140, Q=10 , ee ; The total variable cost (TVC) = 3 Q? + 2Q and the total fixed cost (TFC) = 20 where Qis the quantity of goods purchased. If the goods are Sold at Rs. 7 per good. 1 Express the total cost and total revenue in terms of Q. ii, Find the number of goods to be sold so that the break-even points will occur, ili, Find the TR and TC at the break-even points. Ans: (i) TC = ZQI+ 20 +20, TR=7Q (ii) Q=5,20 TR=TC=35, TR=TC = 140 INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS Given below are the input coefficients matrix A=(04 03) ‘Test Hawkin's-Simon condition for the viability of the system. Ans: Viable Given the following inter-industrial transaction taken for two industries Input Output A B Final demand A 90 120 40 B 125 105 70 i. Obtain the input coefficient matrix A. ii, Find I-A. ane O(O3° abs) oo Cas 8d) Scanned with CamScanner1641 GSS Practice Book - XI 3. Given the input-output c ent matrix A and the demand vector find the total output for each of the following cases IS 0.49 30 A=( ). >=) “N06 04): P= (ag ANS! X1= 65,5, = 45 4. : The inter-industry transaction table presented below w: 38 Formed for an conomy of the two industries P and Q for a certain Users Producers ———|_ Final Total P Q | P 250 160 90 500 | Q 200 120 80 400) i. Find the input coefficient matrix. = Find the total output to be produced by y the industries P and Q when the final demands are 152 of P and 1 14 units of Q. 05° 04 Ans: (i) as aa) Gi) x, = 800, x, = 620 DYNAMICS OF MARKET PRICE 1. Demand and supply functions are dP dP xa= 250—3P +447 and X= 150+ 2P + 144° Find the time path of P for the dynamic equilibrium if initial price is Rs. 50. Compute the price in time t = 4? What will be the condition of the time path of the price in the long run? Will it be stable 2 Ans: P = -30.¢°' + 80, Rs. 75.94, the time path converges to the equilibrium level of the price: yes 2. Inacompetitive market, the demand and the supply function of fruits are Qu=240-14P and Q,=-60+2.6P and the rate of price adjustment proportional to the excess of demand is given by # = 0.2 (Qu ~ Qs) with the current price level Rs. 120. Scanned with CamScannerFind P@), 'n what time period would its price level be Rs. 847 jarge quantity of fiuits in 4 months time, but at a price If there needs a scone offers a contract to supply the quantity of fruits OFRS. 72 per kg, would it be accepted? Ans: (i) P(t) = 45." + 75 (ii) 2 periods (i DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS . Find th i 1 © solution of the followi difference equations using iteration method for the periods t= 1,9, 3, 4 a ¥— 0.75 y.4=0 given that yo= 16 bo Ay + 1.2y.=0 with y; =8 Ans: (a) 16(0.75), 16(0.75)2, 16(0.75)°, 16(0.75)! (b) 80.2), 8(-0.2)2, 8(-0.2)°, 8(-0.2)', 2, Find the general and particular solutions of the following difference equations a y= Sy +4, you l4 2 b. yor FZ y= 25, Yo= 20 Comment on the behaviour of the time path and then on the stability, Ans: (a) y= A(-5)'-1, y= 15(-5)'— 1 diverges, unstable t ye ae 2 +15,y.=5 - 3) +15, converges to 25, oscillatory, stable Scanned with CamScannerOBA, HOG, The Cobweb model 1. Find the general and the particular solutions of the following Cobwes model. f= 8+ 3P1, Qf =100-9P5 Po='s Examine whether the prices will be stable? nt r ans: A(-3) +9,P= 6-3 Given that demand function and supply function are Qs,:=— 100+ 4p, and Qu, : = 170 — SP, respectively. Using equilibrium condition, fing expressions for P, and Q, when Po = 36. Also find the equilibrium price and quantity. Is the price level stable? \ at Ans: P= &- 4) +30, Q = 20- 30(- |) +30, 205 yes +9, stable Lagged keynesian macro-economic model 1. From the following simple national income model yeoth = 025 ye1+32, k= 118 and yo=240 i. Express national income equation as a difference equation in y. ii, Solve the difference equations. Ans: (i) ye= 0.25yx-1 + 150 (ii) ye = 40(0.25)' + 200 2. Assume a simple national income model yeath = 084y1+70, b= 130 i. Express the income model as a difference equation in ys ii, Find the general solution as well as particular solution when yo= 2200. iii, Discuss the nature of the time path. Will the system stabilize? Ans: (i) ye = 0.84ye-1+ 200 (ii) ye = A(0.84)' + 1250, yr = 950(0.84)' + 1250 (iii) ye converges t 1250, stable a Scanned with CamScanner