m Cyclean® Cleaners m FiberMizer Reject Controllers 1m TriClean Pulp Cleaners 1m Low Density Cleaners 1m High Density Cleaner 1m Centriffier® CleanerBIRD CLEANER SELECTION CHART General Type High “o" Froe Bleed Low “6” Tatermittent Bump Type ‘Application Bird Cleaner Fine Pulp Cleaning oycteant (Mineral & Organ Dirt Removat) aver Machine Cleaning Ups 0.80% Consstncy ineral & Organic Dit Removal) Pulp Cleaning with separate TriClean shive removal, ‘Secondary Fiber Stock HOC Preparation 210.6% Consistency Secondary Fer Stock Centriter® pte 24255 Consisteney 12CENTRIFUGAL CLEANERS ... What makes them work? Ler mur, BAFFLED HEAD. Air cone accerrs AIR AND revects @ xcerrs © mexcrs Fig i Centrifugal cleaners are essentially sorting devices that separate mineral and organic debris from ac- ceptable papermaking fibers by the difference in spe- cific gravity. Thus, contaminants such as metal, stone, glass, sand and the denser forms of wood debris with their higher specific gravities can be sep- arated from good fibers which have a lower specific gravity. Each Bird centrifugal cleaner is a hydrocyclone which removes unwanted particles from paper or pulp stock by a combination of centrifugal force and fluid shear. Hydrocyclones or centrifugal cleaners are distin- uished from screens, which separate by particle size Alll hydrocyclones work on the principle of a free vortex generated by pressure drop to develop cen- ttifugal action. Ina free vortex, the action comes from momentum applied to the fluid by an outside power source, normally a pump. In other words, a centrifugal cleaner does not spin the fluid like a cen- trifuge . .. the fluid spins by itself in the cylindrical cleaner body like the water spinning as it drains out of a wash basin. ‘The textbook formula for this cyclonic action is V xR = K..... velocity multiplied by radius is constant. In ‘other words, particles of stock must go faster, the closer they approach the center. In practice, the ve~ locity is initially determined by the pressure drop and is influenced by the design of the inlet head. As stock enters the cleaner tangentially, the inlet Scroll guides the flow to impart a rotating’ motion to the stock, This motion develops initially into a down- ward and inward pattern which blends into an up- ward spiralling column which extends from near the reject tip (or sump) to the accepted stock outlet. AS Fig. I illustrates, a liguid-free column or air core ‘develops about the axis of the cleaner. As the stock flows inward, the velocity increases as theory dic~ tates, The increase in velocity is accompanied by a decrease in pressure. ‘The increase in velocity re- sults in higher centrifugal forces near the center which carry the dense particles outward and away from the accepted stock flow. The pressure decreases from the outside of the cone toward the axis. The pressure differential causes accepts to flow toward the center of the unit and toward the accepts outlet. As the entering stock travels downward and inward, the dirt particles are caught by the rapidly increas- ing centrifugal force and carried to the outer wall of the cylinder. Good fiber continues inward and up- ward to the accepted stock outlet, The dirt, being held in the downward current, continues on to the tip. As the stream flows down the cone, it is forced inward against increasing centrifugal force, concen- trating the dirt and releasing good fiber to the accepts, flow. As the stock flows through the various layers of swirling fluid from the outside to the center of the cleaner, the increasing velocities toward the center product a shearing oF sliding effect. The continual shearing action Keeps linear fibers moving while speck-shaped dirt particles settle through,Bird Cyclean® Cleaners For efficient, low-cost removal of dirt, shives and specks from pulp and paper stocks. 1m Performance — Patented baffled head, optional with 7” and 12” models, eliminates ingress of ait at the reject tip, removes up to 75% of air from feed, m Exceptional durability — Cold-formed stainless steel body and extra-long, abrasion-resistant cer- amie cone completely protect against wear. = Minimum weight — Streamlined design signifi cantly reduces overall weight, simplifies structural requirements in multi-unit installations. APPLICATION ‘The Bird Cyclean cleaner is extremely effective in re- moving speck dirt and shives in fine pulp cleaning It is also widely used in paper stock processing to remove the fine contaminants that are the principal souree of blemishes and pinholes that reduce bright- ness, spoil appearance and cause breaks in the sheet Cyeleans reduce breaks on the paper machine, in- crease wire life, enable the paper machine 10 be ‘operated at higher speed, and save raw material costs due to ability to use formerly discarded materials, HOW IT WORKS AAs stock enters the Cyclean tangentially, the single turn guided inlet scroll imparts a rotating motion. This motion develops into a downward and inward pattern which blends into an upward spalling column extending from near the reject tip to the accepted stock outlet. AS the stock flows inward (see Figure 2) the velocity increases, resulting in higher centrifugal forces which carry the dense dirt particles outward and away from the accepted flow. ‘The good fiber continues inward and upward to the accepted stock outlet. ‘The single-turn guided inlet scroll is designed to pre- vent interference between the entering stream and the preceding stream in the cleaner, Tt also permits using a smaller inlet for the same volume which re- sults in an increase in velocity and efficiency com- pared to non-guided cleaners. This design is especially effective for fine organic and mineral dirt Patented baffled head. The unique, patented baffled head, optional on the 7-inch and 12-inch models, eliminates completely the ingress of air at the reject tip. It will actually remove between 50 and 75% of the free, measurable air and, in some cases, will lower the level of dissolved air entering with the feed. ‘This is accomplished without need for any space- consuming auxiliary vacuum equipment. The baffled head provides a simple but effective method of seal- ing the air column that develops in free vortex cy- clones. The air, which is forced to the center, cannot get by the butfle to join with the accepts flow and, in- Stead, is expelled at the tip with the rejects. In this manner, most of the entrained air is removed from the stock. ‘As any cyclone is essentially a concentrating device, the primary rejects will contain a considerable amount of usable fiber. It is to recover this fiber that the rejects are passed through secondary and often tertiary banks of cleaners. Dilution is necessary in the reject system to offset the concentrating effect of the cleaner before the rejects can be pumped to the feed of the next stage. The rejects from the final stage are normally sewered. The amount of rejects from the final stage can be controlled with a Fiber- Mizer (see page 7). GENERAL OPERATING RULES 1, The smaller the unit, the higher its efficiency on specks and similar type dirt. 2, ‘The larger the unit, the longer the shive that can be removed. (An exception to this rule is the Bird TriClean. See Page 8). 3. As efficiency on speck dirt increases, so does the concentrating effect on short fibers. Fig.26 Best efficiency is obtained at a fiber consistency of 0.5% or slightly less with softwood, 0.7% with hardwood. AS consistency increases from 0.5% 10 1.0%, the efficiency decreases. For consistencies below 0.25%, there is a slightly higher percent fiber bleed. flow rate through the unit increases with’ in- creasing consistencies. (On paper machine ap- plications, filler materials are normally not in- luded in calculating consisteney.) In general, secondary and tertiary units are necessary to recover’ the fiber bled from the primary units Secondary and tertiary units concentrate more than the primary units and should be run at the same or, preferibly, a lower consistency. To control the amount of fiber lost from any system, adjust the reject rate of the last stage With a FiberMizer, PAPER MACHINE APPLICATIONS 8. The reject rate can be increased by increasing the back pressure or increasing the reject tip opening 9. ‘The Bird Cyclean can run against a back pres- sure as long as the proper pressure drop is pro- vided at the cleaner. Back pressure shiould be held constant so that throughput will be con- stant and maximum efficiency maintained. 10. The selection of the pressure drop used will vary according to cleanliness wanted, power cost, and cost of pumping equipment. 11, As a safety feature, Bird Cycleans are designed to withstand a maximum pressure in excess of 100 PSI. ‘APPLICATION DATA In selecting the size of Cyelean for any application, consideration should be given to the amount of pre= vious cleaning and the degree of cleanliness desired from the Cyelean system, PULP APPLICATIONS 2 z [nee 3 : 5 E lz yl? 3 |aelés| | 2 [ee é Elis byl]. = /8ble8] , | 22/28] ~ |isles Y Else rle| = 3 feslee|$/ ee | 2/218 2 |é vel i a @ jésle [Fle |é [a ja" |ee a e 5 |8"|z é ae are ° ae 5 rameters for the 4” Tri-Clean on woot | Sipsaecis’ | 1803 ig? hardwood and softwood pulp. Wardnood | Goestzes |S sree nurs H 7" art AND TRTCLEAN Ey a a | ara [sown Peaw | 2 mem | suse | are | 3 Lt BIRD CYCLEAN DIMENSIONS. i ENAND 12" Sizes , aa | Oa + wala [a [.| me | me | Ts | 7 [ae] | aga | aor [tee |" | e-sag sro | ar-asee sto \{ | S2-es0 [ane ios: | | Aectsng sro | 6--asoe so | 2a [ioe [ioe [> | 6isna so | tse sr cree a | nl Te od 5 Tu | aw | a ase | ie | owe e-amese | {T at fi tiem | ir [iow Scisng sw | EP NR ieee [ir [owe ecuegsm | t ABA |CONVENTIONAL 3-STAGE BIRD CYCLEAN INSTALLATION sisen ons 3k of primary eaangre with he accots ght tothe soconas'y Gytean10 For mineral dirt removal in paper machine cleaning or secondary fiber, stock preparation, APPLICATION Bird LDC Cleaners have application where there is little need to remove organic speck dirt, either be- ‘cause clean pulp is being used or because the sheet is such that the presence of organic dirt is not apparent. There is often a need, however, to remove system dict such as rust scale, welding slag, oversize filler material, or tramp material such as fine sand ‘or cinders which contaminates the pulp in storage or in the handling process. ‘The Bird LDC is designed to remove this dirt without loss of useful fiber. HOW IT WORKS This cleaner uses the same free ae Principe as Bird Low Density Cleaners the high efficiency Cyclean. However, instead of continuous reject bleed, a transparent sump is at- tached to the bottom of the cleaner. An internal baflle is fitted in the lower section. ‘This baffle blocks the center of the vortex, permitting fine dirt to settle into the sump, and provides a quick reversal for addi- tional separation of heavy contaminants. The baffle also prevents the vortex from reaching into the sump to reentrain settled dirt. CONSTRUCTION All parts in contact with stock are stainless steel. SPECIFICATIONS Available in two capacities: dain) (eae Range Capacity 12" — 880 gpm —650- 900 gpm — 12+ — 1200 gpm 850 - 1300 gpm | Py \ Lew. sox S10 sag S10 ac,TYPICAL SECONDARY FIBER STOCK PREPARATION SYSTEM WITH BIRD LOW DENSITY CLEANER12 For mineral dirt removal in secondary and virgin fiber stock preparation. ‘APPLICATION ‘The Bird HDC — the first truly efficient cleaner of this type — applies the principles of the small diam- eter, high efficiency Cyclean centrifugal cleaner to the removal of mineral dirt from high consistency ‘waste furnishes. It provides complete protection for dflakers, refiners, jordans and any other equipment subject to damage from tramp material. HOW IT WORKS ‘The Bird HDC uses the same free vortex flow which is so successful in removing specks and shives at low consistency, and then applies dilution water below a throat section as is done in the FiberMizer (see page 7). In this way the tramp material is sep- Bird High Density Cleaner arated from the high consistency fiber and dropped to a sump section where it is dumped intermistently by means of an air-operated valve. The sump is ‘fansparent to show the dirt accumulation level. SPECIFICATIONS ‘The HDC has a 7” diameter. The capacity of a cleaner varies with the stock consistency at high densities. Capacity curves are given for various densities. Elutriation water to the cone section varies from 8 to 20 gpm, depending on stock consistency. High consistencies need a higher flow. Elutriation water is also added to the sump. A flow of 3 gpm into the ‘sump minimizes fiber loss and increases dirt removal ‘efficiency. Construction of all parts in contact with the stock is stainless steel. 1s aeTYPICAL INSTALLATION FOR SECONDARY FIBER ‘WITH BIRD HIGH DENSITY CLEANERia Bird Centriffler® (up to 2%% consistency) For mineral dirt removal in secondary fiber stock preparation, APPLICATION This is a 36” diameter low density (up to 24%), high capacity, low pressure drop cleaner for remov- ing sand, glass, slag, staples, plastic and other tramp material. At consistencies below 1%, it is very efficient in removing fine mineral dirt as well as the heavier plastics and rubber-like materials. As consistencies increase, less of the finer material is removed. It may be applied in secondary fiber filer stock preparation, mill effluent scalping, and preced- ing reject Centrisereens processing Virgin kraft linr- board base stock. It may alo be used preceding Bird LDC units or Cyclean cleaners in a one-pump system for removing material which might plug the following finer cleaners. Available in stainless or mild steel. HOW IT WORKS Centriffler cleaners are large diameter, free vortex hydrocyclones specifically designed for low pressure drops. They have a relatively large diameter to min- mize power requirements and allow efficient separa- tion with relatively low centrifugal forces. As in the LDC cleaners, a baffle protects the sump from fine dirt reentrainment, Clearances within the unit accom- modate the removal of large debris. Units are ‘equipped with full-opening sump doors which facili- tate dumping entangled debris. Sump dump doors can be manually or air operated.BIRD CENTRIFFLER woo! «| s | ammce | "Fier ‘eo | our | sine | a-asoar avo | aor sone ov soo | rate | sake | a isog sto | s0--1sog sto amp | late | Siar | a0"-soe sv | tor tans 1D avo0 | isor_| ssae- | tor “isop sto | 2-- soe 10] moon] ¢ | o | ace | “nat 0 | ase [axe | woe st | 10" se0e To soo | iste | ase | gr asog sro | a0°-1soz so] zaco [ae | isi | ar-asog so | 10" aoe 510 ‘eo | sew | ter | wiser so | tasters StoBIRD SCREENS BIRD ALSO MAKES APPLICATION ENGINEERING OFF