15sep2022 Prez

WEBINAR “WRZESIEŃ - WRÓĆ DO FORMY Z ANGIELSKIM”
Tematyka webinaru:
Tworzenie pytań w języku angielskim we wszystkich
czasach i specyficznych konstrukcjach gramatycznych
Jak reagować na nieprzyjemne zachowania

w języku angielskim
Rzadsze, ale praktyczne i użyteczne

przyimki w języku angielskim np. through,
różnice między below / beneath
PYTANIA
• Types of Questions You Should Know

How to Ask in English
1. “Yes/No” Questions
2. “Wh-” Questions – open

questions
3. Tag Questions
PAST PRESENT FUTURE
I had (jakie?) done I have (jakie?) done I (jakie?) will have done
Miałem zrobione Mam zrobione Będę miał zrobione
I had bought I have bought I will have bought
Miałem kupione Mam kupione Będę miał kupione
Pytania pośrednie.
…mają szczególną
składnię.
Jeśli chcemy być bardzo grzeczni, to

zamiast
•Can you pass me the salt?
możemy powiedzieć
•I was wondering if
you could pass me the salt.
Ważne jest, że druga część zdania ma szyk
zdania oznajmującego, choć po polsku
brzmi jak pytanie
•Do you remember

______________________
(co robiłeś wczoraj) at 1
p.m.?
•Do you remember what

you were doing
yesterday at 1 p.m.?
•How can I know

____________________ (czy
Jennifer kiedykolwiek
była) to Russia?
•How can I know if Jennifer

has ever been to Russia?
•I'm not sure

_____________________
(gdzie powinnam wysłać)
the documents for
scholarship.
•I'm not sure where I

should send the
documents for
scholarship.
•I must know
____________________
________ (kiedy wrócisz
do domu).
•I must know when you

will come back home.
•Mum wants to know

____________________
________ (co będziesz
robić dziś po południu).
•Mum wants to know

what you are going to
do this afternoon.
• [Auxiliary Verb] + [Subject] + [Main

Verb] + [Object or Other Information] + ?
•Do you like English?
•Does your sister live in

Boston?
•Can his parents speak

English?
• Careful: Exception! If the main verb of

the sentence is some form of “to be,” it
goes in the auxiliary position. Here are a
few examples:
•Are you ready?
•Am I okay?
•Is your mom German?

• Are you watching the news right

now?
• Have you seen my car keys?
• Has your dog been feeling sick

the whole day?
• Did the boss leave the meeting?

• Careful: Exception! This is similar to the

exception for the simple present. If the
main verb of the sentence is some form of
“to be,” then put the simple past form of
“to be” in the auxiliary position. Again, a
second verb isn’t necessary. For example:
•Were you ready?
•Was Jeremy at the group

dinner last Thursday?
•Were you talking to me?
•Had you been to Canada

before you moved there?
•Had you been studying

English before you moved
to Seattle?
• Will you call me tomorrow?
• Will you be waiting inside or at the

ticket booth?
• Will you have lived here long enough

to vote in the next election?
• When the school year ends, will you

have been teaching there for
15 years?
“WH-”
Questions –
open
questions
• What: Use “what” if you want

information about an object or
thing.
• Which: This is very similar to

“what,” but generally use “which”
if there are specific or limited
options to choose from.
• When: Use “when” if you want

information about a time or
date.
• Where: Use “where” if you want

information about a place or
location.
• Who: Use “who” if you want

information about a person.
• Why: Use “why” if you want

information about a reason or
explanation for something.
• How: Use “how” if you want information

about the way or technique to do
something.
• How much: Use “how much” if you want
information about quantities of
nouns that aren’t countable (like sugar,
water, money, etc.).
• How many: Use “how many” if you want
information about quantities of things are
countable (like people, bottles of water,
dollars, etc.).
• How often: Use “how often” if you want
information about the frequency of an
event.
Object Question:
Who does your mom love?
Here “your mom” is the subject. So after “who,” I
include the auxiliary, then the subject, and then
the verb. The question is asking about the
object (the person your mom loves), so it’s
called an object question.
Subject Question:
Who loves your mom?
In this case, “who” is asking about the identity
of the subject. “Your mom” is actually the
object of this sentence. So I can eliminate the
auxiliary and the subject. That may be a little
confusing, since “your mom” is a person, but
let’s see an example with a thing:
As a contraction with the auxiliary.

This is much more common, especially in
spoken English. It’s also used often with the
question word “why.” For example:
• Why don’t you speak Japanese?
As “not,” after the subject.
This sounds a little more formal, but you
can definitely use it if you’re not
comfortable with contractions. For
example:
• Why do you not speak
Japanese?
• Songs
• “How Can You Mend a Broken Heart?”
by Al Green
(Present simple)
• “Where Did All the Love Go?” by Kasabian
(Past simple)
• “How Can Anybody Possibly Know How I
Feel?“ by Morrissey
(Present simple)
• “When Will I See You Again?“ by The
Three Degrees
(Future simple — This song also has many
other questions in the lyrics.)
• Books
• “Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You
See?” by Bill Martin Jr.
(Present simple)
• “Who Moved My Cheese?” by Spencer
Johnson
(Past simple)
Tag
Questions
• If I want to know basic information, I can

ask a yes/no question:
•Do you speak Chinese?
• But if I think something is true, but I’m not

100% certain, I can ask a tag question:
•You speak Chinese, don’t

you?
•That building was built last

year, wasn’t it?
•The car wasn’t in the

garage, was it?
•You like pizza, don’t you?

His uncle works in the

airport, doesn’t he?
•You went to Bermuda last

year, didn’t you?
•We haven’t studied tag

questions yet, have we?
• I wish, I’d rather/ sooner, It’s time, you’d

better - w zdaniach podrzędnych warunku
•Jenny wishes she hadn’t
accepted that job.
Jenny żałuje, że wzięła tę pracę.
•Does Jenny wish she hadn’t

accepted that job?
• Czy Jenny nie żałuje, że wzięła tę pracę?
You’d rather/ sooner cook than

wash up.
Wolałbyś gotować niż zmywać.
można tagiem
• You’d rather/ sooner cook than
wash up, wouldn’t you?
Wolałbyś gotować niż zmywać, prawda?
lub
• Would you rather/ sooner cook
or wash up?
Czy wolałbyś gotować czy zmywać?
można pytanie przeczące

• Wouldn’t you rather/ sooner
cook than wash up?
• Czy nie wolałbyś raczej gotować niż
zmywać?
Można też pytanie otwarte

•What would you rather do:
cook or wash up?
• Co byś wolał: gotować czy zmywać?
•It’s time you retired.

Czas, byś przeszła na emeryturę.
jeśli pytanie przeczące, to brzmi jak
sugestia
•Isn’t it time you retired?
Czy nie czas, byś przeszła na emeryturę?
lub neutralnie
•Is it now time for you to
retire?
Czy teraz jest czas, żebyś przeszła na
emeryturę?
Pytania z przyimkami na końcu

•What are you afraid of?
I’m afraid of the dark.
Czego się boisz? Boję się ciemności.
Czasownik i przyimek stanowią integralną

całość i muszą być razem w pytaniach.
•What car are you interested
in? I’m interested in that ford.
Jakim samochodem jesteś zainteresowany?
Jestem zainteresowany tamtym fordem.
•What are they laughing at?

I’m laughing at Jenny’s joke.
• Z czego się śmiejesz? Śmieję się z dowcipu
Jenny.
•Who was she talking to?

She was talking to Fred.
• Z kim ona rozmawiała? Rozmawiała z
Fredem.
• Songs
• “Are You Lonesome Tonight?” – Elvis
Presley
(Present simple — And this song
has many more questions, too!)
• “Can I Kick It?” by A Tribe Called Quest
(Present simple)
• “Do You Realize??” by The Flaming Lips
(Present simple)
• “Have You Ever Seen the Rain?” by
Creedence Clearwater Revival
(Present perfect)
• “Is She Really Going Out with Him?” by Joe
Jackson
(Present continuous)
• “Should I Stay or Should I Go?” by The Clash
• Books
• “Is Everyone Hanging Out Without Me?”
by Mindy Kaling
(Present continuous)
• “Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?”
by Philip K. Dick
(Present simple)
REACTION
S TO
RUDENESS
• When rudeness has gone

too far, there is only one
thing to do: call it out and
put a stop to it.
• / Kiedy chamstwo posunęło się za daleko,

można zrobić tylko jedno: wywołać je i
położyć mu kres./
• We can continue when you are

ready to speak respectfully.
• Możemy kontynuować, gdy będziesz
gotów mówić z szacunkiem.
• We will have to agree to

disagree and end this
discussion.
• Będziemy musieli zgodzić się na
niezgadzanie się i zakończyć tę
dyskusję.
• I will not be spoken to like this, it is

unacceptable.
Nie będę się tak do mnie zwracał, to
niedopuszczalne.
• I am not going to engage in

disrespectful communication like
that.
• Nie zamierzam angażować się w

taką lekceważącą komunikację.
• We will have to agree to

disagree and end this
discussion.
• You are being inconsiderate,

and I need you to stop.
• This has gone far enough; this

needs to stop.
•I will not tolerate rudeness,

I am ending this
conversation
•It seems like you must be

going through a really
difficult time. If you need
an ear I can be really
supportive.
możemy posłużyć się odrobiną ironii i

odpowiedzieć np.
• Oh, that’s interesting what you’re

saying. Let’s look for a solution
together.
lub
• Are you talking to me? You
may have taken me for
someone else?
Możemy sposobem
• Let me think about it a little.
Why should you be unkind to
me?
możemy też o naszych uczuciach powiedzieć
• Well, what you’re saying makes me
feel really bad. I wonder why you’d do
that.
• I know, I know, you just pretend to
be cruel, but deep inside you’re a
good man/ woman, aren’t you?
Możem postraszyć😉😉
• If you don’t stop now, I’m going to call
the police.
• If you don’t control yourself, I’m going to

punch you right in the face. This may be
very unpleasant.
• I’m not going to let you upset me

anymore. Control yourself or you’ll
regret it in a matter of seconds.
I przechodzimy do bicia bez wahania J
Możemy niby zignorować

•What you’re saying means
nothing to me, so may
may just as well give up.
Możemy pokochać naszych oprawców

•Oh, man, you’re so mean to
me and I love you. You’re
supposed to love your
neighbour, aren’t you?
•I don’t know if you realize

that what you said is really
hurtful. I love you anyway.
Wykazać zrozumienie
• You must be going through a
really hard time. Let me help
you.
• I’m not going to take to heart

what you just said. Please,
explain.
• I was wondering what makes

you say such hurtful things.
Rzadziej
używane
przyimki
Przyimek UNDER - w znaczeniu

dynamicznym i statycznym - podobnie jak
OVER określa położenie w stosunku do danej
powierzchni bez wchodzenia z nią w kontakt,
tak jak w:
• The river flowed under the

bridge. Rzeka płynęła pod
mostem.
• He crawled out from under the

table. Wypełznął spod stołu.
• They sheltered under an

umbrella. Schronili się pod
parasolem.
• There is a cellar under the

house. Pod domem znajduje się
piwnica.
• There is nothing new under the

sun. Nie ma nic nowego pod
słońcem.
Przyimek BEYOND w użyciu statycznym

stanowi kontrast dla BY i oznacza dalej niż lub
na dalszej stronie, tak jak w konstrukcjach
typu:
• America lies beyond the ocean
(Ameryka leży za oceanem).
• What lies beyond the mountains?

(Co leży za tymi górami?)
• The high fruit was beyond my

reach (Wysokie owoce były poza
moim zasięgiem).
Przyimek BEHIND oznacza z tyłu lub za i w tym

statycznym sensie pojawia się w wielu
zdaniach typu:
•The well is behind the
house (Studnia jest za
domem).
•The sun is behind the

clouds. (Słońce jest za
chmurami).
W wypowiedziach odnoszących się do

czasu, przyimek BEHIND występuje w
konstrukcjach typu:
•We’re 50 years behind

times.
•The train is behind

schedule (= ...is late)
Przyimki UNDERNEATH i BENEATH są

rzadziej używanymi odpowiednikami
UNDER. Przy tym, UNDERNEATH zazwyczaj
sugeruje pełny kontakt obiektu
umieszczonego pod czymś, tak jak w:
• I am wearing a shirt underneath

my coat.
• The letter was pushed

underneath the church door.
•The voice came from

underneath the bed.
•When it started to rain, we

all went underneath the
trees.
W wypowiedzi
•A cat was sleeping
beneath/under the table
możemy uznać, że BENEATH
kieruje naszą uwagę na
pozycję kota natomiast
UNDER skupia się na samym
stole.
Przyimek THROUGH w odniesieniu

dynamicznym związany jest z ruchem - od
Źródła do celu - przez trójwymiarowy obiekt, tak
jak w:
• The made a hole through the
wall.
• The train sped through the
tunnel.
• We walked through the forest.
• He came through the window.
Pełna forma THROUGHOUT jest zazwyczaj

używana do wyrażenia ruchu docierającego
do każdego miejsca danego obiektu:
•The disease spread
throughout the city (= all
through)
•We traveled throughout
Europe.
W zastosowaniach statycznych (nie odnoszących

się do ruchu), przyimek ABOVE oznacza na
wyższym poziomie niż i różni się tym od OVER, że
nie implikuje pokrycia powierzchni. Porównajmy:
• He held his hands above his head

(Opisowo: Trzymał ręce (prosto)
powyżej głowy).
• He held his hands over his head

(Opisowo: Trzymał ręce nad głową,
częściowo ją zakrywając).
Przyimek BELOW stanowi praktycznie

odwrócenie znaczenia ABOVE i oznacza na
niższym poziomie niż, tak jak w:
• The mantel is below the picture

(= The picture is above the
mantelpiece). MANTEL = GZYMS
• The stone is just

below/beneath the surface of
the water.
• Shall I write my name above or

below the line?
Below/above 20 people were
there.
• It is below your dignity to do

such a thing (Zrobienie takiej
rzeczy jest poniżej twojej
godności).
Niektóre przyimki mają więcej niż jedno znaczenie, tak

jak FOR w:
• They went out FOR a walk (... na
spacer)
• I’ve been here FOR two weeks (...

przez dwa tygodnie).
• He’s brought a letter FOR you (... dla

ciebie)
• Did you pay him FOR his work? (... za

jego pracę).
• I was punished FOR my little joke (...

ukarany za...).
• They sent FOR a doctor (... po lekarza).
• The letters MP stand FOR “Member of

Parliament”.
• There is a man waiting FOR you in your

office.
• Who is responsible FOR this decision?

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WEBINAR “WRZESIEŃ - WRÓĆ DO FORMY Z ANGIELSKIM”

Jak reagować na nieprzyjemne zachowania

Rzadsze, ale praktyczne i użyteczne

• Types of Questions You Should Know

2. “Wh-” Questions – open

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

Jeśli chcemy być bardzo grzeczni, to

•Do you remember

•Do you remember what

•How can I know

•How can I know if Jennifer

•I'm not sure

•I'm not sure where I

•I must know when you

•Mum wants to know

•Mum wants to know

• [Auxiliary Verb] + [Subject] + [Main

•Do you like English?

•Does your sister live in

•Can his parents speak

• Careful: Exception! If the main verb of

•Is your mom German?

• Are you watching the news right

• Have you seen my car keys?

• Has your dog been feeling sick

• Did the boss leave the meeting?

• Careful: Exception! This is similar to the

•Was Jeremy at the group

•Were you talking to me?

•Had you been to Canada

•Had you been studying

• Will you call me tomorrow?

• Will you be waiting inside or at the

• Will you have lived here long enough

• When the school year ends, will you

• What: Use “what” if you want

• Which: This is very similar to

• When: Use “when” if you want

• Where: Use “where” if you want

• Who: Use “who” if you want

• Why: Use “why” if you want

• How: Use “how” if you want information

As a contraction with the auxiliary.

• If I want to know basic information, I can

• But if I think something is true, but I’m not

•You speak Chinese, don’t

•That building was built last

•The car wasn’t in the

•You like pizza, don’t you?

His uncle works in the

•You went to Bermuda last

•We haven’t studied tag

• I wish, I’d rather/ sooner, It’s time, you’d

•Does Jenny wish she hadn’t

You’d rather/ sooner cook than

można pytanie przeczące

Można też pytanie otwarte

•It’s time you retired.

Pytania z przyimkami na końcu

Czasownik i przyimek stanowią integralną

•What are they laughing at?

•Who was she talking to?

• When rudeness has gone