ENGINEERING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

FLUID, ULTRA LOW VISCOSITY (ULV) AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION WSS-M2C949-A

1. SCOPE

The material defined by this specification is for factory fill automatic transmission fluid (ATF) composed
of base oil and additives.

2. APPLICATION

This specification was released originally for factory fill applications (including top offs) of new automatic
transmissions for improved fuel economy. This fluid was originally released for use in 9- and 10 speed
automatic transmissions developed jointly by Ford and General Motors.

3. REQUIREMENTS

Material specification requirements are to be used for initial qualification of materials.

3.1 STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCTION MATERIALS

Material suppliers and part producers must conform to the Company's Standard Requirements
for Production Materials (WSS-M99P1111-A).

3.2 COLOR Red, 6.0 – 8.0

(ASTM D1500)

3.3 VISCOSITY

3.3.1 New/Fresh fluid

At 150 °C (ASTM D445) Report
2
At 100 °C (ASTM D445) 4.6 to 4.4 mm /sec
2
At 40 °C (ASTM D445) 22 mm /sec, min
At -10 °C (ASTM D2983) Report
At -40 °C (ASTM D2983) 10000 mPa.s max

3.3.2 Base Oil Viscosity

2
At 100 °C (ASTM D445) 3.6 mm /sec, min

3.3.3 Viscosity Index (ASTM D2270) 135 min.

3.3.4 Shear Stability (CEC L-45-T93)

2
After 20 h KRL, KV at 100 °C 4.2 mm /s, min
2
After 40 h KRL, KV at 100 °C 4.0 mm /s, min

3.3.5 High Temperature (ASTM D4683) 2.00 mPa.s, min.

High Shear (at 150 °C)

3.3.6 Evaporation loss, 150 °C, 2 h. 10% max

(Modified NOACK Test)

3.3.7 After NOACK Test, Viscosity at -40 °C 2000 mPa.s max change

Date Action Revisions Rev. 0

2014 01 02 Released C. Ved, FNA

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3.3.8 Cold Crank Simulation

CCS -30 °C (ASTM D5293) 2000 mPa.s max.
CCS -35 °C (ASTM D5293) 3000 mPa.s max.

3.4 FLUID FILM THICKNESS (EHD) Report

(at 60, 80, 100 and 120 °C).

3.5 TEMPERATURE IN DEEP-GROOVE THRUST Report

BALL BEARING
(PV 1454-ARKL, modified Shell four-ball per DIN 51 350 Part 1)

3.6 FLASH POINT

(ASTM D92) 180 °C min

3.7 FIRE POINT

(ASTM D92) 200 °C min

3.8 POUR POINT

(ASTM D97) -50 °C max

3.9 DENSITY (at 15 °C) 0.841 gm/cc +/- 0.005

(ASTM D4052)

3.10 ANTI FOAMING PROPERTIES

(ASTM D892 for Seq I, II and III. ASTM D6082 for Sequence IV)
Volume below is in mls and are maximum allowed volumes.

New Post KRL Thermal Aging Post Cycling Test

(20 h) 130°C for 90 h
Sequence I 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0
Sequence II 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0
Sequence III 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0 50 / 0
Sequence IV 50 / 0 100 / 0 150 / 0 150 / 0

3.11 AERATION TEST

(GM Method, Contact SWRI or Intertek)

Aeration % at 60 °C < 2% compared to reference

Aeration % at 90 °C < 2% compared to reference
Aeration % at 120 °C < 2% compared to reference
De-aeration Time at 60 °C < 5 sec compared to reference
De-aeration Time at 90 °C < 5 sec compared to reference
De-aeration Time at 120 °C < 5 sec compared to reference

3.12 COPPER STRIP 1b max

(ISO 2160/ASTM D130, 3 h at 150 °C, no water added)

Extended durability test (6 weeks ageing test, 150 °C)

Copper content, ppm Rate & Report

3.13 NONCORROSION AND NONRUSTING PROPERTIES No visible rust

(ASTM D665, Procedure A, 24 h)

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3.14 ELASTOMER COMPATIBILITY

3.14.1 ATRR-101 Nitrile after aging 168 h at 150 +/- 3 °C per ASTM D471, para 6.1, with
aluminum block, must be within the limits below:

- Volume change from original -3 to 4%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original 0 to 10

3.14.2 ATRR-201 Polyacrylic, after aging 70 h at 163 +/- 3 °C in per ASTM D471, para
6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:

- Volume change from original 0 to 6%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original +/- 5

3.14.3 ATRR-206 Polyacrylic after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per ASTM
D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.4 ATRR-207 Polyacrylic after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per ASTM
D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.5 ATRR-400 Fluoroelastomer after aging 240 h at 163 +/- 3 °C per ASTM D471,
para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:

- Volume change from original 0 to 4%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original +/- 8

3.14.6 ATRR-406 Fluoreleastomer after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per
ASTM D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.7 ATRR-407 Fluoreleastomer after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per
ASTM D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.8 ATRR-408 Fluoreleastomer after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per
ASTM D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.9 ATRR-500 Ethylene-Acrylic after aging 240 h at 163 +/- 3 °C per ASTM D471,
para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:

- Volume change from original 5 to 15%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original +/- 5

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3.14.10 ATRR-506 Ethylene-Acrylic after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per
ASTM D471

- Volume Change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.11 ATRR-507 Ethylene-Acrylic after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C per
ASTM D471

- Volume Change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.14.12 ATRR-600 Hypalon after aging 240 h in candidate fluid at 163 +/-1 °C per ASTM
D471, para 6.1, with aluminum block or fluid bath, must be within the limits
below:

- Volume change from original 5 to 35%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original -30 to 0

3.14.13 ATRR-700 Hydrogenated Nitrile after aging 240 h in candidate fluid at 163 +/-1 °C
per ASTM D471, para 6.1, with aluminum block, must be within the limits below:

- Volume change from original -2 to 4%

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original 0 to 5

3.14.14 ATRR-706 Hydrogenated Nitrile after aging 70 h in candidate fluid at 150 +/-1 °C
per ASTM D471

- Volume change from original Rate & Report

- Hardness, Durometer A change from original Rate & Report

3.15 ODOR

The fluid manufactured to this specification shall meet the Transmission and Driveline
Engineering (TDE) Odor Test procedure. The fluids shall be found to be acceptable when it
receives an acceptability rating of 2 or less.

3.16 TOXICITY

The fluid manufactured and formulated to this specification must not contain skin sensitization
components. The entire formulation must be reviewed and approved for use by Ford Toxicology
Department. MSDS must accompany all containers other than tank cars quantities and Ford
Toxicology Identification Number must be prominently displayed.

3.17 WEAR

3.17.1 Vane Pump Wear Test, wt. loss

(ASTM D7043 at 80 +/- 3 °C, 6.9 mPa) 10 mg max

3.17.2 Four-Ball Wear Test, 40 Kg load, 2 h

(ASTM D4172)

Average Wear Scar Diameter

600 RPM, 100 °C (Average of 2 tests) 0.6 mm max
600 RPM, 150 °C (Average of 2 tests) 0.6 mm max

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3.17.3 Falex EP test

(ASTM D3233)

No seizure load at 100 °C, 1 minute 500 lbs min

No seizure load at 150 °C, 1 minute 500 lbs min

3.17.4 Timken Wear Test, burnish width

(ASTM D2782)

4.08 kg load, 100 °C, 10 minutes 0.8 mm max

(Average of 2 tests) No Scoring

4.08 kg load. 150 °C, 10 minutes 0.8 mm max

(Average of 2 tests) No Scoring

3.17.5 FZG Gear wear test, Load Stage Pass

(ASTM D5182)

1450 RPM, 15 min at 100 °C start temperature 11

1450 RPM, 15 min at 150 °C start temperature 11

3.17.6 Automatic Transmission Planetary Gear Fatigue Test

This dynamometer test procedure shows the fatigue life characteristics of an

automatic transmission gear train and its components. It is recommended for (but not
st nd
exclusive to) 1 , 2 , Rev, and Final Drive gear sets. (Reference Test Method (CETP:
07.01-L-311)

3.17.7 Accelerated Overrunning One Way Clutch Test No Trenching

Overrun test using clutches (AX4N Low-Intermediate OWC) built with

11 double springs and 3 triple springs.
The inner race rotation is 4500 RPM's and the outer cam is stationary.
Automatic Transmission Fluid is heated to 230 °F at 6.5 ml/sec flow rate.
Duration of the test is 10 hours.

3.18 MOISTURE 0.05% max

(ISO 3733/ASTM D95/ ASTM D6304)

3.19 OXIDATION TESTS

3.19.1 Aluminum Beaker Oxidation Test

(FLTM BJ 110-04, 155 °C +/- 1)

Lead Coupon Weight Loss, 100 h 0.5% max

Pentane Insolubles, 300 h 0.35% max
Differential Infrared Carbonyl Absorbance, 300 h 15/cm max
Total Acid Number Change, 300 h 1.5 max
% Viscosity Change at 40 °C, 300 h 10% max
Copper Strip Rating, 300 h 3B max
Aluminum Strip Rating, 300 h No Varnish
Sludge, 300 h No Sludge

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3.19.2 DKA Oxidation Stability Test

(CEC L-48 modified 180 °C, 192 h Modified B, Appendix E)

Change in Viscosity @ 100 °C 10 % max.

Change in Viscosity @ 40 °C 8 % max.
PAI (units) Report
Delta TAN (mg KOH/g) Report
Sludge rating of flask 1.0 max.
Blotter (photo) Report

3.20 FRICTIONAL PERFORMANCE TESTS

3.20.1 Clutch Friction Durability Attachment I

(SAE # 2 machine, 30000 cycles, 135 °C with SD1777 & D 530-31 friction material)

Test Criteria SD-1777 material D 530-31 material

Midpoint Dynamic Coefficients (M) 0.140 – 0.165 0.14 - 0.16
Low Speed Dynamic Coefficients (E) 0.135 – 0.160 0.14 – 0.18
Static Breakaway Coefficients 0.110 – 0.140 0.10 – 0.15
S/D (E/M) 0.950 – 1.100 0.95 – 1.15

3.20.2 Squawk Performance Test Attachment II

(GK test rig, BW 6510 friction material)
2
Fresh ATF (pre & post break-in) 0.6 N/mm , min pressure

3.20.3 Low Speed Friction Evaluation

(LVFA, 0-300 rpm, 120 °C, SD-1777, D 530-31 & MS 022 friction materials)
ATF used – Fresh & Aged (300 h at 150 °C or 100 h at 170 °C)

Friction Materials Coefficient of Friction

SD 1777 0.11 – 0.14
D 530-31 0.13 – 0.16
MS 022 0.10 – 0.13

3.20.4 Anti Shudder Durability Test

(SAE # 2 machine with ATF aging apparatus, SD-1777 & D 531-70H friction materials)

Test Duration: 100 h dMu/dV > -10 max

3.21 CYCLING TEST

(GM Method, Contact SWRI or Intertek, completion of 42,000 cycles)

Expulsion of ATF from vent None

TAN increase < 2.0
Carbonyl Absorbance Increase < 0.30
Used fluid Viscosity at 100 °C > 3.5 mm2/sec
Used fluid Viscosity at -40 °C < 10,000 mPa.s
Shift times
1-2 shifts 0.30 to 0.75 sec
2-3 shifts 0.30 to 0.75 sec
3-4 shifts Report

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3.22 CLEANLINESS LEVEL - /18/15

(ISO 4406. At supplier manufacturing site prior to unloading into shipping containers)

3.23 QUALITY CONTROL, SUPPLIER TESTING

Each batch of material shall be tested for following properties. Annual validation is to be
completed by the end of first quarter. Testing must be done on production samples.

Supplier in-house friction test results are acceptable after concurrence with the Product
engineering design & release / materials section.

Requirements Tests Testing Frequency

Every batch Annually
3.2 Color X X
3.3 Viscosity X (3.3.1 only) X
3.4 Fluid Film Thickness X
3.6 Flash Point X X
3.8 Pour Point X
Anti Foaming
3.10 Performance X (new only) X
3.11 Aeration Test X
3.12 Copper Strip X
Non Corrosion
3.13 Non Rusting X
3.14 Elastomer Compatibility X
3.17 Wear X **
3.18 Moisture X X
3.19 Oxidation Tests X
3.20 Frictional Test X*
3.22 Cleanliness Level X X
Supplement A X X
Supplement B X

Ford TDE engineering team reserves the right to modify / request additional testing listed in this
specification or outside the scope of this document to validate acceptable performance of the
product.
* - test type & friction material combination to be determined based on transmission applications
** - test type to be determined based on transmission applications

3.24 APPROVED ADDITIVE CHEMISTY

Finished fluid must use the below approved additive package for compliance to specification

HiTec 3492 (Afton Chemical Corporation) 11% to 12% by weight

Report finished fluid data on Supplement A & B and submit a copy to TDE Engineering for
approval to this specification.

4. GENERAL INFORMATION

The information given below is provided for clarification and assistance in meeting the requirements of
this specification. Contact gmfs@ford.com for questions concerning Engineering Material
Specifications.
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Attachment I
Clutch Friction Durability

SAE NO. 2 MACHINE SET-UP PARAMETERS

Temperature: 135 +/- 3 °C

Pressure: 275 +/- 5 kPa
Velocity: 3600 rpm
Energy: 20740 +/- 100 J
Fill Volume: 305 mL +/- 5 mL

Total Cycles: 400 for each evaluation pack & 30000 for each durability pack

TEST SEQUENCE

Event Duration Cumulative Time, s Operation

1 10.0 (T1)* 0 to 10.0 High speed (HS) motor on (force released)

2 5.0 (T1 + T2)* 10.0 to 15.0 Motor off, force applied

3 5.0 (T4)* 15.0 to 20.0 Motor off, force released

4 0.5 20.0 to 20.5 Static Drive (SD) motor on to engage static drive

5 5.0 20.5 to 25.5 SD motor off, force released

6 0.5 25.5 to 26.0 SD motor off, force applied

7 5.0 26.0 to 31.0 SD motor on, force applied

8 5.0 31.0 to 36.0 SD motor off, force released

* = Reference SAE Friction Nomenclature Specification (SAE J1646)

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Attachment II
Squawk Performance

GK Rig Machine Setup Parameters

Apply Pressure: 4200 kPa/sec.

Sampling Frequency: 500 Hz (1000 Hz with 500 Hz filter)
Fill Volume: 700 mL +/- 5 mL

TEST DESCRIPTION

Test Conditions - Discrete Data Points

Sliding Speed (m/s) Speed (rpm) Pressures (kPa) Temp °F
0.005 1
0.011 2
0.027 5 97 40
0.055 10
0.110 20
0.165 30
0.220 40
0.275 50 241 90
0.412 75
0.549 100
0.824 150
1.098 200
369 120
1.373 250
1.647 300

Attachment III
Continuous Slip Evaluation (µ
µ-V Characterization)

Test Setup

TEMPERATURE, BATH 120 °C

2
APPLY PRESSURE 10 Kg/cm
SLIDING SPEED 0 - 220
INTERVAL - HRS. 4 hrs
DATA ACQUISITION 1.90 SEC WITHIN 2.0 SEC. WINDOW
TEMPERATURE, TEST HEAD 120 °C

Test Description

• Break-in for 20 mins.

• Slipping mode for 50 mins.
• 20 dynamic engagements.
• Slipping mode for 50 mins.
• 20 Dynamic engagements.
• Slipping mode for 50 mins.
• 20 Dynamic engagements.
• µ vs. V data collection.
• 6 Dynamic engagements.
• Repeat sequence.

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Supplement A

Oil Company_______________________________________________ Date________________

Product Name_______________________________________________________________________
Product Code________________________________________________________________________

Physical/Chemical Properties

ASTM Test
Standard Specification Results Mfg. Limits

Viscosity Index D2270 145 min ___________ __________

Viscosity at 100 °C D445 4.6 – 4.4 ___________ __________

Brookfield Viscosity, max D2983 <10,000 mPas ___________ __________
(at -40 °C)

Moisture, % D6304 / D4928 0.05% max ___________ __________

D7546
Flash Point D92 180 °C min ___________ __________

Density (reference), kg/L D1298 / D4052 Report ___________ __________

Pour Point D97 -50 °C max ___________ __________

FTIR Trace Report

Anti-Foaming Properties D892 50, 50, 50 and 50 mL_________ __________

Seq. I, II, III & IV max
After 5 minutes standing 0 mL ___________ __________

Elemental Analysis (ppm)

Aluminum D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Barium D5185 Report ___________ __________
Boron D5185 TBD ___________ __________
Calcium D5185 TBD ___________ __________
Copper D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Iron D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Lead D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Magnesium D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Molybdenum D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Nickel D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Phosphorus D5185 TBD ___________ __________
Silicon D5185 TBD ___________ __________
Titanium D5185 TBD ___________ __________
Zinc D5185 <5 ___________ __________
Chlorine D6443 Report ___________ __________
Nitrogen D4629 Report ___________ __________
Sulfur D4927 Report ___________ __________

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Supplement B

Supplier_______________________________________ Date___________________________

Product Name_______________________________________________________________________

Product Code_______________________________________________________________________

Blend Plant Location__________________________________________________________________

BASE STOCKS
Manufacturing Limits

Base Oil Viscosity at Viscosity at

2 2
Volume % 100 °C mm /s 40 °C mm /s Sulfur, %
Pour Point, °C

A ___________ _______________ ______________ _____________ _____________

B ___________ _______________ ______________ _____________ _____________
C ___________ _______________ ______________ _____________ _____________
D ___________ _______________ ______________ _____________ _____________

Refinery

Name & Location Process Type Crude

A ___________________________ ______________________ _________________________

B ___________________________ ______________________ _________________________
C ___________________________ ______________________ _________________________
D ___________________________ ______________________ _________________________

Additives

Type/ Manufacturer Code Description Carrier Oil Additive in

Function Name in additive in Finished Oil
Vol, % Vol, %
E ________ _____________ _______ ____________________________ _____________
F ________ _____________ _______ ____________________________ _____________
G ________ _____________ _______ ____________________________ _____________
H ________ _____________ _______ ____________________________ _____________

Signature_____________________________________________________________________________

Title_____________________________________________

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