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LEARNING KIT

I. TITLE
 Subject: Creative Nonfiction
 Time Frame: 2 Days (Week 2/ Quarter 1)
 Topic/s: Genres of Literature
 Grade Level: Grade 12 (HUMSS)

II. OVERVIEW
Do you have a collection of books? Comic books? Lifestyle magazine? Award winning novels from
famous authors like John Greene? Nicholas Sparks? Rick Riordan? Have you ever wondered what genre of
literature does your taste belong to?
In this chapter you will be able to categorize and analyze the different genres of literature. You have to
create samples of literary works based on your experiences. Also, this learning kit will provide you examples of
literary genres that might be vital if you are going to deal with the depths of literary studies.

III OBJECTIVE:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
 Differentiate the various genres of literature;
 Determine the importance of literary elements in writing literary text; and
 Create at least one literary output based from your experience.

IV CONTENT

A. Let’s Get Involved!

Direction: Arrange the following jumbled words.

Finding Genres

 EFALB ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

 OMCEYD ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 GLEYE ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 AYSES ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 NEACODTE ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 OIRBYHGAP ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 NEVOL ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 RFCEA ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 ABLDAL ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
 PSROE ___ ___ ___ ___ ___

B. Let’s Explore!

An Epic Throwback: Recall some of the most memorable events in your life and try charting your future
by providing the personal information needed using the following table.

THREE MOST
DATE & PLACE
MEMORABLE PEOPLE IMPACT/CONTRIBUTIONS
WHERE IT
EVENTS IN MY INVOLVED TO MY LIFE
HAPPENED
LIFE
1.
2.
 3.

Those are probably ordinary events with extraordinary impacts in your live. At the end of this lesson, we
will turn those ordinary events into epic adventures in your own anecdotes.

C. Let’s Clarify Things!

Literature- literature (from the Latin Littera meaning 'letters’ and referring to an acquaintance with the
written word) is the written work of a specific culture, sub-culture, religion, philosophy or the study of such
written work which may appear in poetry or in prose.

To understand these works better, we need to look at them by studying the Divisions of Literature. Gleaning
from the image above, we can see the various divisions and the corresponding Literary Genres.

A. Prose is a division of literature which covers a literary work that is spoken or written within the common
flow of language in sentences and in paragraphs which give information, relate events, express ideas, or present
opinions. Under this division, we have two sub-divisions: the Fiction and Non-Fiction.

 Fiction is a sub-division of prose which covers a literary work of imaginative narration, either oral or
written, fashioned to entertain and to make readers think and more so, to feel. It normally came from the
writer’s imagination. Some Literary Genres that fall under fiction include:
 Legend is a prose fiction which attempts to explain the origin of things, places, objects that we see
around us. Example: The Legend of Makahiya, Why the Sea is Salty.
 Short story is a short prose fiction narrative depicting a simple characterization and plot conveying
a moral which can be read in one sitting. Example: The Diamond Necklace by Guy de Maupassant,
Footnote to Youth by Jose Garcia-Villa.
 Novel is a very long prose narrative depicting complex characterization and plot which is usually
divided into chapters. Example: Les Miserables by Victor Hugo, War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy.
 Novella is a long prose narrative similar to but shorter than a novel but longer than a short story. It is
also known as novelette. Example: Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson, The Call of the Wild
by Jack London.
  Fable is a short prose fiction narrative depicting animal characters which espouses a lesson in life.
Example: The Lion and the Mouse, The Monkey and the Turtle.
 Parable is a short prose allegorical narrative which presents a philosophical outlook in life.
Example: The Parable of the Sower, The Prodigal Son.

 Non-Fiction is a sub-division of prose which covers a literary work of “real life” narration or exposition
based on history and facts whose main thrust is intellectual appeal to convey facts, theories,
generalizations, or concepts about a particular topic. Some literary genres that fall under non-fiction
include:
 Biography is a prose non-fiction detailing the life of a person written by another person. Example:
The Great Malayan about the Life of Jose Rizal written by Carlos Quirino. Sometimes, a biography
may be written by the same person, hence, it is called autobiography. Example: Memoirs written by
Juan Ponce Enrile was a lengthy narrative about his own life.
 History is a prose non-fiction record of events that transpired in the past. Example: The History of
Filipino People written by Gregorio Zaide.
 News is a prose non-fiction narrative of events that happens every day. The newspapers are written
for this purpose. Example: Philippine Daily Inquirer.
 Diary is a personal account of significant events that happen in the life of a person.
 Anecdote is a prose non-fiction narrative that depicts a single incident in a person’s life. Example:
The Moth and the Lamp.
 Essay is prose non-fiction which is a formal treatment of an issue written from the writer’s personal
point of view. Example: On the Indolence of the Filipinos written by Jose Rizal.

B. Poetry is a division of literature works which covers a literary work expressed in verse, measure, rhythm,
sound, and imaginative language and creates an emotional response to an experience, feeling or fact.
Traditionally, it has three sub-divisions namely: Narrative poetry, Lyric poetry, and Dramatic poetry.

 Narrative Poetry is a sub-division of poetry which tells or narrates a story. It may be lengthy as an epic,
or short as a ballad and typically measured as a metrical tale.
 Epic is a narrative poem which accounts the heroic exploits of a community’s hero, usually
involving superhuman abilities. Example: Hudhod hi Aliguyon is an Ifugao epic.
 Ballad is a narrative poem which depicts a single incident that transpired in a person’s life. It is
usually recited during gatherings in the past but it may be sung in the present days. Example:
Forevermore by Side A Band.
 Metrical Tale is a narrative poem which narrates a story in a “metered” or “measured” number of
syllables hence it was called metrical. There are two popular variations in Philippine Literature, the
Awit and Corrido.
 Awit is a romance metrical tale of dodecasyllabic measure which is recited during formal
performances or informal gatherings. Example: Florante at Laura by Francisco “Balagtas” Baltazar.
 Corrido is a martial or adventure metrical tale of octosyllabic measure which is recited for
recreational purposes. Example: Ibong Adarna by Jose Corazon dela Cruz.

 Lyric Poetry is a sub-division of poetry which features poems intended to be sung with the
accompaniment of the musical instrument called “lyre” hence, lyric poetry. The following are the types
of lyric poems.
 Song is a lyric poem of various theme which is meant to be sung in its entirety. Example: Bayan Ko
written by Jose De Jesus, arranged by Constancio De Guzman, and sung by Freddie Aguilar.
 Ode is a lyric poem of noble and exalted emotion which has dignified countenance. Example: Ode
to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley.
 Elegy is a lyric poem of sad theme such lamentation for the dead, longing for a missing love, and a
grief for things beyond one’s control. Example: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas
Gray.
 Sonnet is a lyric poem of 14 iambic pentameter lines usually about love and beautiful themes.
Example: Sonnet to Laura by Francesco Petrarch.
 Idyll is a lyric poem celebrating the tranquil and beautiful landscapes of rural and country settings.
Example: Beside the Pasig River by Jose Rizal.

 Dramatic Poetry is a sub-division of poetry which features poems meant to be performed on stage.
Theater plays and dramatic presentations belong to this type.
 Tragedy is a dramatic poetry which features a hero whose hubris or shortcoming eventually causes
his downfall or defeat often ending in a very sad conclusion. Example: Hamlet by William
Shakespeare and The Three Rats by Wilfrido Ma. Guerero.
  Comedy is a dramatic poetry which is similar with tragedy except that the hero triumphs and
overcomes the odds towards the end and emerges victoriously. Example: The Twelfth Night by
William Shakespeare.
 Melodrama is a dramatic poetry which is a combination of the elements of tragedy and comedy yet
ends in a happy note. Example: A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare
 Farce is a dramatic poetry which is an exaggerated comedy that aims to elicit laughter hence,
relaxation. Examples: Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde.
 Social Play is a dramatic poetry which tackles social issues and problems such as poverty,
corruption, discrimination, racism, sexism, among others, with an aim to bring awareness and bring
about positive change. Example: Zsazsa Zaturnah by Carlo Vergara.

D. Let’s Reinforce Learning!

Direction: From the charts you have filled out above. Get one memorable experience that you can use in order
to create an anecdote.

Consider the following questions in creating your anecdote:

 Who was involved in the story?

 What happened?
 When did it happen? Is this relevant?
 Where did it happen? Is this relevant?

E. Let’s Evaluate!

Direction: Complete the table below by giving a certain example under the given category of literary
genre which was not mentioned above.

Literary Genres Example

1. Ballad
2. Novel
3. Epic
4. Elegy
5. Essay
6. Anecdote
7. Biography
8. History
9. Ode
10. Sonnet

References:
Angeles, M.A.S.(2017). DIWA Senior High School Series: Creative Nonfiction (Module). Makati City: DIWA Learning
Systems, Inc.

Nordquist, Richard. (2020, June 5). The Top 20 Figures of Speech. Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/top-figures-of-speech-1691818.