GROUP 7

noise control
D I A Z - G R A J O - J U N T A N U E L O - O R T A L I Z
WHAT IS
NOISE?
Noise is unwanted
sound considered
unpleasant, loud or
disruptive to
hearing.
NOISE
It usually causes disturbance.
In Physics sense, it can also be
defined as irregular
fluctuations that accompany a
transmitted sound signal but
are not part of it and tend to
obscure it.
FLUCTUATING SOUND

NON-FLUCTUATING SOUND
FLUCTUATING NOISE
a noise in which the loudness
varies with time. This is
expressed technically as a
noise whose sound pressure
level varies significantly and
exceeds the ambient noise
level.
 NOISE VS SOUND
However, sound is something that we hear
in general. Noise is something that we can
hear, but don’t necessarily want to hear.
 NOISE VS SOUND
At a scientific level, sound and
noise are technically the same -
they are vibrations in the air (or in
water) that we pick up with our
ears. The bigger the waves are
(their amplitude), the stronger
the vibrations are, and the louder
the sound is.
 NOISE
Noise is a type of sound and is
defined as unwanted, annoying,
unpleasant or loud.
Our ears are excellent at telling us
what noise is. Most commonly,
noise is an annoying tone that
causes mild to major discomfort or
irritation.
 NOISE
These tones pierce through the
background noise that accompanies
our lives. When it comes to
measuring the different types of
noise, we want to replicate how the
human ear interprets noise in order
to get an accurate representation of
its impact.
 NOISE
That’s why we use something called
the A-weighted frequency, which is
much more sensitive between the
500 Hz and 6 kHz range. When noise
has been measured in this way,
you’ll see dB(A). You can learn more
about A, C and Z frequency
weightings here.
 'A' Weighted is the
most commonly used
and covers the full
frequency range of
20Hz all the way up
to high frequency 20
kHz.
 The human ear is most
sensitive to sound
frequencies between 500 Hz
and 6 kHz (especially around
4 kHz) whilst at lower and
higher frequencies the human
ear is not very sensitive.
4 TYPES OF
NOISE
1
CONTINUOUS 2
INTERMITTENT

3
IMPULSIVE 4
LOW FREQUENCY
 Continuous Noise
Continuous noise is exactly what
it says on the tin: it’s noise that is
produced continuously, for
example, by machinery that
keeps running without
interruption. This could come
from factory equipment, engine
noise, or heating and ventilation
systems.
 Intermittent Noise
Intermittent noise is a noise level
that increases and decreases
rapidly. This might be caused by
a train passing by, factory
equipment that operates in
cycles, or aircraft flying above
your house.

 Low-frequency Noise
For low-frequency noise,
you should be using a
sound level meter with
third octave band
analysis, so you can
analyse the low
frequencies that make up
the noise.
 Intermittent Noise
Intermittent noise is a noise level
that increases and decreases
rapidly. This might be caused by
a train passing by, factory
equipment that operates in
cycles, or aircraft flying above
your house.

NOISE CONTROL
Freedom from the harassing
effects of noise is one of the finest
qualities a building can
possess.

The architect is obliged to seek, by

every possible means, those
features of design and
construction that will impart to his
building the utility and charm of
quiet surroundings.
 NOISE CONTROL
An intelligent approach to the problem of constructing quiet buildings
must be based upon a knowledge of:

1. The magnitude, nature and distribution of noise in buildings and out-of-

doors.
2. Acceptable noise levels in various types of buildings;
3. The propagation, and especially the attenuation (reduction of the energy or
in-
tensity of soundl of sound through the free air, through openings and ducts,
and through or around obstacles, embankments, and landscaping.
 NOISE CONTROL
An intelligent approach to the problem
of constructing quiet buildings must be
based upon a knowledge of:
4. The reduction of sound, and the suppression of
vibration by varied types of partitions and flexible
connectors.
5. The reduction of machinery noise at its source
by appropriate selection of equipment from a
noise-producing standpoint;
6. The reduction of noise by the proper use of
sound-absorptive treatment.
 NOISE CONTROL
For a room or building in which
quietness is a prime
requirement, it frequently is
desirableto make measurements
of the noise
It is sufficient to make use of the
data from noise surveys in
buildings
and outdoors.
 NOISE CONTROL CONSIDERATIONS
Too frequently the architect overlooks
noise control or depends on luck and
a few"sound-insulation blankets".
The noise level, that is, the sound-
pressure level of thenoise, in speech
and music rooms should be low
enough so that it will not interfere
withthe hearing or with the production
of speech or music. In offices,
factories, and other rooms.
 NOISE CONTROL
Noise should be reduced to levels that will not impair the health,
contentment, or efficiency of the workers in these rooms. In
restaurants, residences, and hospitals quietness is especially desirable
in hospitals.
 EFFECTS OF NOISE
The Harmful effects of noise are well known.
Noises interfere with:
the hearing of speech and music;
moderately loud noises produce auditory fatigue;
and very loud noises if long endured, induce losses of
hearing.
 EFFECTS OF NOISE
There is evidence from one carefully conducted
investigation that both the frequenncy and the total
output of weavers increased when they wore ear
plugs which muted the noise level from 96 to 81 db.
The detrimental effects of the noise were observed
to be greatest at the beginning and near the end of
work periods. possibly indicating that persons go
through a process of adaptation.
 INTERESTING FACTS
Among the most frequent
"offenses" of noise are the
honking of automible horns,
barking of dogs, the screaming of
ambulance sirens.· the late arrival
of some members of the family,
and the chirping of birds.
 INTERESTING FACTS
The wearing of ear plugs. which
attenuated these noises about
30 db reduces the total number
of awakenings during sleep to
less than one half.
Noise in buildings
The principal sources of rooms may be
grouped into three broad classifications:

People
Machinery
Outdoor sources
The relative noise contributions from these three
types of sources depend to a large extent, on the
use of the room in which the noises commingle.

45% 25% 30%

People Machineries Outdoor

Sources
 noise in buildings
The greater the number of people in a room, the
noisiest it is; and, the higher the noise level, the
louder an individual must speak in order to be
heard above the noise
This suggests that the
effect of acoustical
materials in reducing
the noise level in a
room maybe greater
than one might
expect; An approximate relationship between the
noise in a business office and the numbe·r of
people in the room is given in this figure.
since the absorptive
treatment lowers the
average noise level,
individuals can speak in a
lower voice and be heard.
Hence, at least part of the
noise level (that due to
speaking or conversation) is
reduced "at its source" as An approximate relationship between the
well as by absorption. noise in a business office and the numbe·r of
people in the room is given in this figure.
A summary of the average sound-
pressure levels of room noise at
telephone locations is given in the
table next page. Since these results
are based on measurements in a
wide variety of places and
consequently include a wide range
of noise levels, standard deviations
are given.
The noise level in
residences is
generally 3 db
lower in colder
climates in
December than in
summer, since
closed windows
exclude a large
part of the noise
from outside.
 outdoor
noise
Sounds of outside origin are often the principal contributors to
noise in offices, churches, and residences. The largest source of
outdoor noise is generally automobile traffic. For this reason it is
desirable that all buildings in which quietness is an important
factor, including churches, auditoriums, and hospitals, be not
constructed near a busy or potentially busy, street.
 outdoor
noise
Sounds of outside origin are often the principal contributors to
noise in offices, churches, and residences. The largest source of
outdoor noise is generally automobile traffic. For this reason it is
desirable that all buildings in which quietness is an important
factor, including churches, auditoriums, and hospitals, be not
constructed near a busy or potentially busy, street.
It shows the relation between ·the average outdoor noise
level (at the street curb), vs the flow of street traffic in
terms of vehicles per minute. These data indicate that the
noise level varies directly with the logarithm
of the number of
passing vehicles.
While automobiles. trucks, street cars. and subways
account for the major sources of outdoor noise in
most locations, traffic is responsible for the peak
noise levels in many areas and should be taken into
account in estimating
noise-insulation
requirements
in these
localities.
OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES
TRANSPORTATION TRAFFIC

OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES

RAIL

OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES

AIRPLANES
OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES
LAWN CARE MAINTENANCE
OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES
CONSTRUCTION
OUTDOOR NOISE SOURCES
PEOPLE
Acceptable noise levels
( buildings )
It is the highest level of noise within
a building that neither disturbs its
occupants nor impairs
its acoustics
It depends, to a large extent,
on the nature of the noise
and on the type and
customary use of the
building. The time fluctuation
of the noise is one of the
most important factors in
determining its tolerability.
Generally, sounds at or below
70 dBA are considered safe.
While those might be the
standard, acceptable noise level
may vary from person.levels
that are annoying to one person
are unnoticed by
another.
 For example, a bedroom
with an average noise level
of 35 db, with no
instantaneous peak levels
substantially higher, would
be much more conducive to
sleep than would be a
room with an average noise
level of only 25 db but in
which the stillness is pierced
by an occasional shriek.

The acceptable noise levels of this table are useful in calculating the sound-insulation requirements of walls,
partitions and ventilation ducts under typical noise conditjons.
Siting and Planning Against Noise
The selection of the site
for a building, the layout
of the buidling itself. and
the grading and
landscaping of the site
are indespensable parts·
of good planning against
noise in buildings:
Architects in every
community should
cooperate with the
civic authorities in the
segregation of -noxious
activities including
noisy industries. power
stations, airports,
traffic arteries.
 From buildings where
quiet is an absolute
necessity, such as
schools, churches,
hospitals, and
residences. These
buildings should be
protected by civic
planning_
Inter urban automobile and airports approaches from the outskits
truck traffic should be routed
around Schools, churches, hospitals, and
residences should not be located on noisy
express highways that must highways.
pass through zones requiring
quiet surroundings should be
isolated
trains should enter large
metropolitan centers by
underground routes

parks and landscaping should

be planned to impede the
propagtion of noise
5. grading and
landscaping
Anyone who has stood beside a railroad
track and listened to the noise from a
train as it enters a "cut" where there is
an embankment between the listener
and the train must have noticed the
effectiveness of the embankment in
reducing the noise. Thus, an earth
embankment or a masonry garden wall
often can be used to reduce the noise
5. grading and
landscaping
Embankment: a raised
structure (as of earth or gravel)
used especially to hold back
water or to carry a roadway
The use of earth
embankment or a masonry
garden wall often can be
used to reduce the noise GRASS
that impinges on a building
and aid in the establishment VINES
of quiet conditions within
the building without
resorting to costly measures
of sound insulation.
PEAT MOSS
It may reduce the level by as
much as 5 db. If the surfaces
of the barrierer facing the
source of noise is GRASS
absorptive, such as a grassy
turf, dense vines, other VINES
planting or even leaf mold
or peat moss, the over-all
noise reduction may amount
to as much as 8 or 10 db.
PEAT MOSS
Hedges or trees with dense
foliage act as sound -
absorbers and reflectors,
and their effectiveness
increases with the extent of
growth:
thickness
height
density.

A hedge 2 ft. thick has sound-

obstructing value of about 4 db.
6. building layout
The location of a building on
its site, the arrangement of
rooms, corridors and
vestibules, and the location of
doors and windows, all have a
bearing on the control of
noise; they require careful
consideration.
considerations:
1. The noise levels at the end of a
room adjacent to a busy street
may be at least 5 db higher than
it is at the opposite end. In such
a situation it is advantageous to
place the speakers platform at
the end of the room adjacent to
the street, which is the primary
Sorce of noise.
considerations:
ADVANTAGES:
The more distant parts
ofthe audience are in the
quieter section of the
room,
a speaker has a natural
tendency to raise the level
of his voice in the
presence· of noise.
considerations:
2. The side of a building facing
streets, playgrounds, or other
sources of noise should house
those activities that can tolerate
the greatest amount of noise,
and the sides of the building
that face the quieter
environment should be
reserved for those rooms that
require the quietest conditions.
considerations:
3. Windows should not open on
noisy street or yards. Doors which
open on noisy streets
should be supplemented by sound
locks. While courts can be used to
good advantage to shield certain
rooms from street noise, they are
usually serious offenders in
reinforcing (by multiple reflections)
the sounds that issue from
windows opening on them.
considerations:
Many dwellers in city
apartments attribute their
sleepless nights to the
disturbance from the neighbors
radio which blasts its strident
noise into a court-a reverberant
container that sustains the noise
and aids in its efficient
transmission from one open
window to another.
considerations:
4. A noisy room, such as a riveting
shop, should be well removed from
an office or room where quiet is
valued. The doors and windows of
adjacent rooms should be as far
from each other as possible. It often
is advisable to stagger the positions
of doors on the two sides of a hall or
corridor so that no two doors face
each other.
INTERESTING FACTS
HEARING LOSS
1. if you get exposed to such noises for an
extended period of time on a regular basis
you stand a risk of losing your hearing slowly
but surely. Sad part is: it’s irreversible once
hearing is lost, it’s lost forever.
The scientific name for it is Noise Induced
Hearing Loss NIHL. According to Dangerous
Decibels, Out of 40 million cases of hearing
loss that Doctor see in America 10 million of
those are caused by Noise.
INTERESTING FACTS
2. A 2017 report by the Centers for Disease
Control CDC, America’s Health Protection Agency,
has revealed that among all noise-exposed
workers, 19% have hearing impairment.
INTERESTING FACTS
3. In a pretty surprising study, Psychology Today
reports that the leading cause for hearing loss is
not aging, it’s noise. The elderly are at an even
higher risk of further hearing damage caused by
noise pollution. This is corroborated by a
separate Hearing Health Foundation report that
says 20% of teens ages 12-19 have reported
hearing loss due to loud noise.
INTERESTING FACTS
4. Men are almost twice as likely as women to
have hearing loss among adults aged 20-69,
that’s according to JAMA Otolaryngology – Head
& Neck Surgery Journal.
TIPS FOR NOISE CONTROL

Shut the Door when

using noisy Machines
TIPS FOR NOISE CONTROL

Use earplugs
TIPS FOR NOISE CONTROL
Stay away from
Noisy area

Follow Noise Limits

Level
TIPS FOR NOISE CONTROL
Go Green by
planning trees
Thank's For listening