|
4       de
an infectious agent and the host membrane, linking glycoproteins of
28,31
virus and their receptors.
Sardi et al33 already described the antifungal activity of extracts
of seeds, pulp, and leaves of different species when compared to
Candida albicans. The most active extracts were E leitonii seeds,
E brasiliensis leaves and seeds, justifying their activity by the pres‐
ence of epicatechin and gallic acid as the main constituents of the
extract.
Plundrich et al34 studied polyphenols present in grape and
gooseberry, and they were effective in inhibiting the tyrosi‐
nase enzyme as well as in inhibiting microbial proliferation of
Staphylococcus aureus, which suggested some potential applica‐
tion in cosmetics.
4.4 | Anti‐inflammatory activity
Polyphenols are among the major substances able of inhibiting phos‐
pholipases and cyclooxygenases expression as well as reducing the
intensity of the inflammatory process.4,20,35 They were also able to
inhibit the synthesis of adhesion molecules and cytokines with neu‐
trophil chemotactic action.36
Infante et al36 showed some in vivo anti‐inflammatory ability of
fruit, pulp, and seed extracts from four native Brazilian species be‐
longing to the genus Eugenia. Eugenia brasiliensis reduced the influx
of neutrophils by up to 50%, E leitonii presented a 50% to 62% result,
E myrcianthes resulted in an inhibition of 46%, and E involucrata re‐
duced neutrophil migration by 40%. Antioxidant and anti‐inflamma‐
tory activities were attributed to the phenolic content present in the
species, mainly epicatechin and gallic acid.
Phytochemicals extracted from grape seeds such as antho‐
cyanins, stilbenes (resveratrol), and phenolic acids have some
potent antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and immunomodulatory
activities. 37
Polyphenols in grape act out on blocking pro‐inflammatory cy‐
tokines and affect neutrophils migration. They also can be incorpo‐
rated into pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.38
5 |  FI N A L CO N S I D E R ATI O N S
The antioxidant activity of plant extracts rich in phenolic compounds
has been demonstrated by scientific research. This activity has been
attributed to the chemical structure of these compounds, which
grants the ability to interfere in different phases of the oxidation
mechanism.
Furthermore, the commitment to sustainability has generated
interest in the research of vegetal extracts applied to the develop‐
ment of ecological and cosmetics and their quality. Therefore, the
use of phenolic extracts comes out as a viable alternative for cos‐
metic application.
It is also worth mentioning the importance of studying and eval‐
uating the risk of raw materials and finished product, confirming the
absence of toxicity of those extracts for cosmetic application.
LIMA CHERUBIM et al.
AC K N OW L E D G M E N T
To CAPES—Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement.
ORCID
Débora Jackeline Cherubim  https://orcid.
org/0000-0002-2634-2522
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