Biochemical Engineering

REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SOLUTION AND ANSWER:
1. These are the most abundant organic molecules living in the cells
a. Proteins
b. Carbohydrates
c. Lipids
d. Fats
2. Type of bacteria that are considered to be ancient organism such as methanogens,

halobacteria and thermoacidophiles.
a. archaebacteria
b. eubacteria
c. Bacteriophage
d. Virus
3. Which of the following is not a steroid ?
a. sex hormones
b. cholesterol
c. adrenocortical hormones
d. prostaglandin
4. In an experiment conducted to evaluate the Michaelis-Menten constant, it was found that

1 g of bacteria could decompose the waste at a maximum rate of 35 g-day -1 when the
waste concentration was high. It was also found that the same quantity of bacteria would
decompose waste at rate of 18 g-day-1 when the waste concentration was 20 mg-L-1.
Calculate the rate of waste decomposition by 2 g of bacteria if the waste concentration
were maintained at 8 mg-L-1
a. 10.4 g/day
b. 15.6 g/day
c. 20.8 g/day
d. 31.2 g/day
5. Bacteria which convert alcoholic solution to vinegar are __________.
a. coli
b. acetobacters
c. bacili
d. proteins
6. The biological decomposition of organic matter accompanied by the production of foul

smelling products in an anaerobic condition is
a. pollution.
b. putrefaction.
c. dissolution
d. stabilization
7. A waste treatment process by which biologically active growths are continuously

circulated with incoming biodegradable waste in the presence of oxygen is
a. activated sludge process.

b. stabilization process
c. agitation process
d. trickling filter process
8. The temperature at which microorganism is killed within a period of 10 minutes.
a. SCP.
b. TDP.
c. TDT.
d. ATP
9. The enzymatic hydrolysis of an ester occurs according to the following reaction:
The following data on the rate of formation of the ester at 25°C and pH = 6.5 were obtained:
Substrate Concentration,
3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5
mmol R-COOR-L-1
Reaction Velocity,
mmol R-COOH-L-1-sec- 0.051 0.064 0.071 0.079 0.082 0.091
1
a. The Michaeli’s constant, KM in millimoles per liter is

4.28
b. 8.08
c. 16.8
d. 34.6
10. A visible concentrated growth of algae or other aquatic life/plants is called
a. Phytoplankton
b. Amoeba
c. Bloom
d. Zoo-plankton
11. Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are
a. Nutrients
b. Substrates
c. Enzymes
d. Culture media
12. A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a working volume of 15 m3 is used for
the production of baker’s yeast. The overall reaction for aerobic fermentation is
expressed as:
0.556 C6H12O6 + 0.301 NH3 + 1.43 O2  0.301 C6H10O3N + 2.283 H2O + 1.532
CO2
The empirical formula for the biomass is C6H10O3N (144) and molasses contains 40.8%
w/v C6H12O6 (180).
Calculalte the daily molasses consumption to maintain a daily production of one metric
ton if the residual sugar in the outgoing broth is 1.4% w/v glucose.
a. 1465 L/day
b. 2930 L/day
c. 4395 L/day
d. 5860 L/day
13. The a specific growth rate Of the yeast is ?
a. 0.13 day negative 1

b. 0.26 day negative 1
c. 0.39 day negative 1
d. 0.52 day negative 1
14. This is the early period Of growth where The organisms adjust to it's new environment
a. stationary phase
b. logarithmic phase
c. lag phase
d. decline phase
15. Genetic information is stored in the structure of the the DNA molecules. Which of the
Following obtains the code for protein synthesis from DNA and serves as the template for
peptide formation?
a. transfer RNA
b. messenger RNA
c. ribosomal RNA
d. colon

16. It is desired to reduce the bacterial count of polluted water from 30 million organisms per
mL to 5 organisms per mL. Calculate the number of completely mixed chlorine contact
chambers in series, each having a detention time of 120 min, that would be required if the
first order removal rate constant is 2.6 h-1.
a. 3 chambers
b. 6 chambers
c. 9 chambers
d. 12 chambers
17. There are several forms suggested by which the hyperbolic michaelis menten equation
may be expressed linearly. If the substrate concentration, S, is plotted against reaction
velocity, V; a linear plot is obtained. The equation is called.
a. lin.”
b. eweaver and burked
c. eadie-hofstee
d. hanes-woolf
e. eisenthal and cornish-bowden
18. For given species of a microorganism that doubles every 3h, what is the mass of biomass
that may be expected from 100 liters of seed if each liter contains 8 grams biomass and
the fermentation culture was maintained for 24h is.
a. 102kg
b. 204kg
c. 306 kg
d. 408 kg
19. The enzyme in the stomach is
a. urease
b. papase
c. pepsin
d. bromelis
20. The organism that reproduce by sporulation is
a. bacteria
b. molds
c. protozoa
d. yeast
21. Organism that grows or uses CO2 as its principal carbon source.
a. autotroph
b. aerobe
c. mesophile
d. heterotroph
22. A basic amino acid is
a. alanine
b. lysine
c. serine
d. cysteine
23. The time to kill all bacteria in a particular culture at a specified temperature.
a. SCP
b. TDP
c. TDT
d. ATP
24. An aqueous solution of molasses contains 15% by weight sucrose (C12H22O11). The CO2
formed in the reaction can be considered as having a negligible solubility in the solution.
Determine the % wt. ethanol in solution after 95% of the sucrose has been converted to
ethyl alcohol by fermentation.
a.2.07%
b.4.14%
c.7.67%
d.8.28%
25. Albizzia Falcataria, a specie, of plywood, after an initial thermochemicalhydrolysis

yielded 25% maltose, 3% sucrose, 12% cellibiose, 43% oligosaccharides and 17% non-
carbohydrates residues. The resultinghydrolysate is passed through a column of
immobilized enzyme systems so that all types of dissacharides are converted further to
hexone units. In alcohol fermentation, the rule of thumb is 10% of the substrate is
converted to biomass and 90% to alcohol. If one metric ton of pulpwood is processed
daily, the mass of glucose that may be expected to be produced per six-day week is?
a. 1162 kg
b. 1223 kg
c. 1885 kg
d. 2526 kg
26. Bacteria which grow over the temperature range 30ᵒC to 40ᵒC are called?
a. psychrophiles
b. hydrophiles
c. mesophiles
d. thermophiles
27. Group of microorganisms that grow in the presence of low oxygen concentration are?
a. pathogens
b. bacteria
c. fungi
d. microaerophiles
28. These are very small bond particles that release digestive enzymes and contribute to the
digestion of nutrients in a cell
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. golgi bodies
c. lysosomes
d. mitochondria
29. One metric ton of wild potatoes were hydrolyzed enzymically and the hydrolyzate
contained the following, xylose 2%, glucose 16%, oligosaccharides 36%, pentose 3%,
maltose 20%, others 23. It was observed that of the hydrolyzate, only maltose and
glucose were fermentable by alcohol yeast. Calculate the mass of alcohol that can
theoretically be expected from the hydrolyzate.
a. 95 kg
b. 189 kg
c. 338 kg
d. 371 kg
30. Hyrolysis of one mole of sucrose gives
a. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of galactose

b. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of fructose
c. 2 mole of glucose
d. 1 mole of mannose and 1 mole of glucose
31. The isoelectric point of isoleucine (2.36, 9.68) is
a. 6.02
b. 6.06
c. 5.98
d. 5.97
32. Method used to free milk from disease or germs
a. Lyophitization
b. Pasteurisation
c. Fermentation
d. Putrefaction
33. The power house of the cell is called ________
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondria
c. Lysosome
d. Cytoplasm
34. The microorganism utilized in the production of pickles is
a. Acetobacter
b. Lactic acid bacteria
c. Streptomyces
d. Aspergillus sojae
35. The color of fruit like papaya is attributed to a pigment which is a precursor of Vitamin
A. This substance is _________.
a. lecithin
b. carotene
c. Lipoprotein
d. Riboflavin
36. A hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism is called _______.
a. bile
b. insulin
c. alanine
d. cortiso
37. The disaccharide formed by β-glycosidic bond is______.
a. sucrose
b. lactose
c. maltose
d. glucose
38. In phototrophic cells, the _______ is the organelle serving as the major cell power house.
a. mitochondria
b. chloroplast
c. lysosomes
d. golgi bodies
39. Defined as the quantity of enzymes needed to transform 1.0 micromole of substrate to
product per minute at 30˚C and optimal pH.
a. international unit
b. enzyme unit
c. catalytic unit
d. all of these
40. The only source that naturally contains vitamin D
a. sunlight
b. meat
c. fish oil
d. orange
41. Calculate the isoelectric point of lysine? (pKA1 = 2.18, pKA2 = 8.95 and pKA3 = 10.53)
a. 9.74
b. 7.22
c. 6.36
d. 5.57
42. Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?
a. vitamin c
b. vitamin a
c. vitamin d
d. vitamin e
43. It states that there is a topographical, structural compatibility between and enzyme and its
substrate
a. lock and key theory

b. michaelis-menten model
c. briggs-haldane model
d. compatibility test
44. Plants that are devoid of chlorophyll and are therefore unable to synthesize their own
food.
a. fungi
b. bacteria
c. virus
d. none of these
45. The fundamental cause of sickle-cell disease is a change in the structure of ________.
a. red cells
b. hemoglobin
c. capillaries
d. blood
46. It is the major form of stored carbohydrate in animals.
a. glycogen
b. starch
c. amylose
d. amylopectin
47. Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?
a. oleic acid
b. linoleic acid
c. arachidonic acid
d. palmitic acid
48. A measure of the degree of unsaturation of a fatty acid
a. acidic number
b. iodine number
c. saponification number
d. deborah number
49. These are the DNA or RNA coated protein that may or may not be considered as living
things
a. protozoa
b. bacteria
c. algae
d. virus
50. Non-photosynthetic eukaryotes, highly organized with soil as its major habitat
a. fungi
b. virus
c. protozoa
d. bacteria
1. These are the most abundant organic molecules living in the cells
BASIS:https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/mhccbiology102/
chapter/3-3 proteins /#:~:text=Proteins%20are %20one%20of
%20the,of%20functions%20of%20 ll%20macromolecules.
ANSWER: A. Proteins
2. Type of bacteria that are considered to be ancient organism such as methanogens, halobacteria
and thermoacidophiles.
BASIS:
https://mmbr.asm.org/content/mmbr/51/1/135.full.pdf
ANSWER: A. archaebcteria
3. Which of the following is not a steroid?
BASIS: http://www.rnceus.com/hormone/prostag.html
ANSWER: D. prostaglandin
4. In an experiment conducted to evaluate the Michaelis-Menten constant, it was found that 1 g

of bacteria could decompose the waste at a maximum rate of 35 g-day -1 when the waste
concentration was high. It was also found that the same quantity of bacteria would decompose
waste at rate of 18 g-day-1 when the waste concentration was 20 mg-L-1. Calculate the rate of
waste decomposition by 2 g of bacteria if the waste concentration were maintained at 8 mg-L-1
Given: 1g of bacteria
VMAX = 35g/day
V = 18g/day
S = 20mg/L
Required: Calculate the rate of waste decomposition by 2 g of bacteria if

the waste concentration were maintained at 8 mg/Li.
Solution: Equation base on the chemical engineering reviewer 3rd Ed
Vmax × S
V=
Km +S
Substitute:
(35 g /day)(20 mg/ L)

18 g/day=
Km+ 20 mg/l
Km=18.889 mg/L
Use the value of km to calculate the concentration of 2g bacteria at 8mg/L
NOTE: Same equation to be use
( 35 g /day)(8 mg/ L)
V=
18.889 mg/ L+ 8 mg/ L
V =10.413 g /day
And then multiply it by 2, cause of the 2g bacteria
V =20.826 g /day
ANSWER: C. 20.826g/day
5. Bacteria which convert alcoholic solution to vinegar are ____________.

BASIS: Modern Food Microbiology 7th Ed. Page 184
ANSWER: B. Acetobacter
6. The biological decomposition of organic matter accompanied by the production of foul

smelling products in an anaerobic condition is
BASIS:https://byjus.com/biology/putrefaction/?
fbclid=IwAR3zarRqp2E2SCbBdighRIcXVyckiA9QHd
WkInQ0zicQEtJmrPxx2bEF9Y
ANSWER: B. putrefaction
7. A waste treatment process by which biologically active growths are continuously circulated
with incoming biodegradable waste in the presence of oxygen is
BASIS: Introduction to Environmental Engineering 4th

Ed. Page 459-460
ANSWER: A. activated sludge
8. The temperature at which microorganism is killed within a period of 10 minutes.
BASIS:https://
courses.lumenlearning.com/
microbiology/chapter/using-physical-
methods-to-control-microorganisms/
9. The enzymatic hydrolysis of an ester occurs according to the following reaction:
The following data on the rate of formation of the ester at 25°C and pH = 6.5 were obtained:
Substrate Concentration,
3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 10.5
mmol R-COOR-L-1
Reaction Velocity,
mmol R-COOH-L-1-sec- 0.051 0.064 0.071 0.079 0.082 0.091
1
The Michaeli’s constant, KM in millimoles per liter is
10. A visible concentrated growth of algae or other aquatic life/plants is called
BASIS:http://
www.waterencyclopedia.com/A-
Bi/Algal-Blooms-in-the-Ocean.html
ANSWER: C. bloom
11. Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are
BASIS: https://owlcation.com/stem/Types-Of-Culture-Media
Explanation:
Culture is the term given to microorganisms that are
For numbers 12 and 13…

A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a working volume of 15 m3 is used for the
production of baker’s yeast. The overall reaction for aerobic fermentation is expressed as:
0.556 C6H12O6 + 0.301 NH3 + 1.43 O2 → 0.301 C6H10O3N + 2.283 H2O + 1.532 CO2
The empirical formula for the biomass is C6H10O3N (144) and molasses contains 40.8% w/v
C6H12O6 (180).
12. Calculate the daily molasses consumption to maintain a daily production of one metric ton if
the residual sugar in the outgoing broth is 1.4% w/v glucose.
SOLUTION:
Given:15m3 = working volume
Required: . Calculate the daily molasses
Solution:
Balance Reaction:
0.556 C 6 H 12 O 6+ 0.301 N H 3 +1.43O2 → 0.301C 6 H 10 O3 N +2.283 H 2 O+1.532 C O2
Biomass is considering the product = 144 kg (C 6 H 10 O3 N ¿
Molasses contains 40.8% C 6 H 12 O6 (180 kg)
Solution to produce 1 metric ton = 1000kg biomass
1 mol C6 H 10 O 3 N 0.556 C 6 H 12 O 6 0.301 C 6 H 10 O 3 N

1000 kg C 6 H 10 O 3 N = x x =2,308.99 kg
144 kg C6 H 10 O 3 N 0.301 mol C 6 H 10 O 3 N 1 mol C 6 H 12 O 6
If the residual sugar will be 1.4% w/v of glucose, the use glucose will be
98.6% w/v = 98.6% kg/L.
2341.75
=57.396 ;57.396 x 100=5,739.59 L/day
40.8
L
ANSWER: D.5860
day
13. The specific growth rate of the yeast is __________.
SOLUTION:
Answer:
Let us use the answer on no.12
Given: 15m3 = 15,000 L
Required: The specific growth rate of the yeast
Solution:
5,860 L/day
0.39 day−1
15,000 L
ANSWER: C.0.39 day −1
14. This is the early period of growth where the organism adjusts to its new environment.
BASIS: Bioprocess Basic Concepts 2nd Ed.
Chapter 6: How Cells Grow
ANSWER: C. Lag phase

15. Genetic information is stored in the structure of the DNA molecule. Which of the following
obtains the code for protein synthesis from DNA and serves as the template for peptide
formation?
BASIS: Bioprocess Basic Concepts Chapter 2; 2nd

Ed. A overview of Biological Basis
ANSWER: B. Messenger RNA

16. It is desired to reduce the bacterial count of polluted water from 30 million organisms per mL
to 5 organisms per mL. Calculate the number of completely mixed chlorine contact chambers in
series, each having a detention time of 120 min, that would be required if the first order removal
rate constant is 2.6 h-1.
Given: Where: CN= 5 mg/L =concentration in the Nth

reactor
Initial concentration, Co = 30 million organisms
per mL Co = Initial concentration = 30 x 106 mg/L
Final concentration, C1 = 5 organisms per mL
C0
Detention time, T = 120 min = 30x106/5= 6x106
CN
1st order removal rate constant = 2.6 h-1
Required: number of completely mixed chlorine

K= 2.6/hr= 2.6/60 min
contact chambers in series
KT= 120 x 2.6/60 = 5.2
Solution:
6 x 106= (1+5.2)N
For CSTR and for first order reaction
C1−C 1
=T taking log
K C1
log (6x106)= N x log (6.2)
C0 6.78= N x 0.79
=1+ KT (1)
C1
N= 8.58 = 9 reactors
C1
For 2nd reactor =1+ KT (2) (since they are
C2
equal sized and T is same)
C2
=1+ KT (3) so on and so forth and for N the
C3 ANSWER: C. 9 chambers
reactor CN-1/CN= (1+KT) (9)
Multiplying all the above equations give
C0
= (1+KT)N
CN
17. There are several forms suggested by which the hyperbolic Michaelis Menten equation may
be expressed linearly. If the substrate concentration, S, is plotted against reaction velocity, V;
a linear plot is obtained. The equation is called
BASIS: https://www.slideshare.net/hsamettinkaplan/bmm480-
enzymology-lecture3
Explanation: Eisenthal and Cornish-Bowden, Values of v along

the y axis and the negative reaction of S along the x axis. A
straight line is then drawn, passing through the points on the two
axis and extending beyond the “point of intersection.”
ANSWER: E. eisenthal and cornish-bowden
18. For given species of a microorganism that doubles every 3h, what is the mass of biomass
that may be expected from 100 liters of seed if each liter contains 8 grams biomass and the
fermentation culture was maintained for 24h is ___________.
Given:
Total seed = 100 litre
Mass of biomass in 1 litre of seed = 800 g
Total fermentation time = 24 hr
Required:
Mass of biomass after 24 hr
Solution:
Mass of biomass at T= 0
Mass = 100×8 = 800 g
After 3 hr it will double means 800×2 = 1600 g
After 6 hr it will be = 3200 g
ANSWER: B. 204kg
19. The enzyme in the stomach is ___________.
BASIS: https://www.healthline.com/health/why-are-enzymes-
important#:~:text=In%20the%20stomach%2C%20pepsin
%20is,the%20pancreas%20and%20small%20intestine
Explanation: In the stomach, pepsin is the main

digestive enzyme attacking proteins. Several other
pancreatic enzymes go to work when protein molecules reach the
small intestine. Lipase is produced in the pancreas and small
intestine.
ANSWER:C. pepsin
20. The organism that reproduces by sporulation is ____________.

ANSWER:B. molds
21. Organism that grows or uses CO2 as its principal carbon source.
BASIS: Reviewer for Chemical Engineering
Licensure Examination 3rd Ed. Page 76
ANSWER: A. Autotroph
22. A basic amino acid is

BASIS: Reviewer for Chemical Engineering
Licensure Examination 3rd Ed. Page 80
ANSWER: B. Lysine
23. The time to kill all bacteria in a particular culture at a specified temperature.
BASIS: Todar’s Online Textbook of Bacteriology

(Control of Microbial Growth) Page 1
24. An aqueous solution of molasses contains 15% by weight sucrose (C12H22O11). The CO2
formed in the reaction can be considered as having a negligible solubility in the solution.
Determine the % wt. ethanol in solution after 95% of the sucrose has been converted to ethyl
alcohol by fermentation.
Given:
15% by weight sucrose (C12H22O11)
95% of sucrose converted to ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH)
Required:
% wt. ethanol in solution after 95% of the sucrose has been converted to ethyl
alcohol by fermentation.
Solution:
Write the chemical equation:
C12H22O11 + H2O → C2H5OH + CO2
Balanced the equation:

C12H22O11 + H2O → 4C2H5OH + 4CO2
Calculate the gram of ethanol:
15 g sucrose ( 1m
342 g sucrose )( 1 mol sucrose )( 1 m ol ethanol )
ol sucrose 4 m ol ethanol 46 g ethanol
=8.0702 g ethanol
8.0702 g ethanol ( 0.95 )=7.67 g ethanol
Calculate the gram of H2O:
342 g sucrose ) ( 1m ol sucrose ) ( 1m ol H O )

( 1m ol sucrose 1 mol H 2 O 18 g H 2 O
15 g sucrose =0.7895 g H O
2
2
0.7895 g H 2 O ( 0.95 )=0.75 g H 2 O
85 g H 2 O−0.75 g H 2 O=84.25 g H 2 O
Calculate the gram of sucrose:
15 g sucrose ( 0.95 )=14.25 g sucrose
15 g sucrose−14.25 g sucrose=0.75 g sucrose
Note: The total % by weight of the reactant must be 100%

Calculate the gram of solution:
7.67 g ethanol+84.25 g H 2 O+0.75 g sucrose=92.67 g solution
g of solute
% by weight= x 100
g of solution
g of ethanol 7 .67 g ethanol

% wt . ethanol= x 100= x 100=8.28 %
g of solution 92.67 g solution
ANSWER: D. 8.28%
25. Albizzia falcataria, a specie of plywood, after an initial thermochemical hydrolysis yielded
25% maltose, 3% sucrose, 12% cellobiose, 43% oligosaccharides and 17% non-
carbohydrates residues. The resulting hydrolyzate is passed through a column of immobilized
enzymes systems so that all types of disaccharides are converted further to hexose units. In
alcohol fermentation, the rule of thumb is 10% of the substrate is converted to biomass and
90% to alcohol. What mass of ethanol is expected to be produced per six-day week if one
metric ton of pulpwood is processed daily?
Given:
25% maltose 3% sucrose
12% cellobiose 43% oligosaccharides
17% non-carbohydrates residues.
In alcohol fermentation, the rule of thumb is 10% of the substrate is

converted to biomass and 90% to alcohol.
Required:
The mass of glucose that may be expected to be produced per six-day week
Solution:
Disaccharides maltose (25%), sucrose (3%), cellobiose (12%)
Total % of disaccharides = 25% + 3% + 12%= 40%

Disaccharide Hydrolysis: C12H22O11 + H2O → 2C6H12O6
Expected glucose production per week:
1 MT feedstock 6 days 1000 kg 0.4 kg disaccharide 180

x x x x 2x =2526.32kg
day 1 week 1 MT 1 kg feedstock 342
ANSWER: D. 2526 kg
26. Bacteria which grow over the temperature range of 30˚C to 40˚C are called ___________.
BASIS: Bioprocess Basic Concepts 2nd Ed. Chapter 2;

A overview of Biological Basics Page 11
ANSWER: C. Mesophiles
27. Group of microorganisms that grow in the presence of low oxygen concentration are
BASIS: Essential Microbiology by Stuart Hog,

Chapter 5 (Microbial Growth) Page 99
28. These are very small bound particles that release digestive enzymes and contribute to the
digestion of nutrients in a cell
BASIS: Bioprocess Basic Concepts2nd Ed. Chapter 12;

Bioprocess Considerations in Using Animal
Cell Culture Page 386
ANSWER: C. Lysosomes
29. One of metric ton of wild potatoes were hydrolyzed enzymically and the hydrolyzate
contained the following:
xylose 2% glucose 16% oligosaccharides 36%

pentose 3% maltose 20% others 23%
It was observed that of the hydrolyzate, only maltose and glucose were fermentable by
alcohol yeast. Calculate the mass of alcohol that can theoretically be expected from the
hydrolyzate.
SOLUTION:
1. C12H22O11 + H2O → 2 C6H12O6
2. C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Mass of maltose present = 103 x 20/100 =200kg
Mass of glucose present = 103 x 16/100 =160kg
No of mol of maltose = 200 x 103/342.3 = 584.3 mol
From equation 1:
No. of mol of glucose given by maltose = 2 x 584.3 = 1168.6 mol
30. Hydrolysis of one mole of sucrose gives
BASIS: Organic Chemistry – Chapter 10

https://archives.library.illinois.edu/erec/University%20Archives/1505
050/Organic/Carbohydrates/Chapter%209/sec9-11/9-11.htm
Sucrose, ordinary table sugar (cane or beet), is the pure organic

chemical sold in greatest quantity. It is a disaccharide, which on
hydrolysis gives one mole of glucose and one of fructose.
ANSWER: B. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of fructose

31. The isoelectric point of isoleucine (2.36, 9.68) is
BASIS: Using isoelectric point chart
ANSWER: A. 6.02
32. Method used to free milk from disease or germs
BASIS: Milk Pasteurisation and Safety by V.H.

Holsinger et.al
https://www.oie.int/doc/ged/d9152.pdf
ANSWER: B. Pasteurisation
33. The power house of the cell is called ___________.
BASIS: Bioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts 2nd

Ed. Page 20
ANSWER: B. Mitochondria
34. The microorganism utilized in the production of pickles is
BASIS: Biotechnology and Food Production Page 88
ANSWER: B.LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

35. The color of fruit like papaya is attributed to a pigment which is a precursor of Vitamin A.
This substance is __________.
BASIS: https://www.livestrong.com/article/492932-does-
eating-too-much-papaya-cause-skin-to-turn-yellow/
ANSWER: B. carotene
36. A hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism is called _________.
BASIS:https://
spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/
diaspect/17/3/183.full.pdf
ANSWER: B. Insulin
37. The disaccharide formed by β - glycosidic bond is __________.
BASIS:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22396/
#:~:text=Lactose%2C%20the%20disaccharide%20of
%20milk,1%2C4%2Dglycosidic%20linkage.&text=In
%20maltose%2C%20two%20glucose%20units,hydrolyzed
%20to%20glucose%20by%20maltase.
ANSWER: B. lactose
38. In phototrophic cells, the _______ is the organelle serving as the major cell power house.
BASIS:https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/track/
pdf/10.1186/s12915-015-0201-x
ANSWER: A. Mitochondria
39. Defined as the quantity of enzymes needed to transform 1.0 micromole of substrate to
product per minute at 30˚C and optimal pH.
BASIS: BIOCHEMISTRY WORKBOOK, edited by Prof. Edward Bańkowski MD,
DSc, page 63
40. The only source that naturally contains vitamin D
BASIS: Encyclopedia of Food Science and Nutrition (2nd Ed) by A.W Norman
ANSWER: C. Fish Oil
41. Calculate the isoelectric point of lysine? (pKA1 = 2.18, pKA2 = 8.95 and pKA3 = 10.53)
SOLUTION:
GIVEN:
pKA1= 2.18 pKA2= 8.95 pKA3= 10.53
REQUIRED: Calculate the isoelectric point lysine?
SOLUTION: Use pKA2 and pKA3
1
pl= ( pK 2+ pK 3 )
2
2
42. Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?
BASIS: Modern Food Microbiology (7th Ed) by James M. Jay, page 128
43. It states that there is a topographical, structural compatibility between and enzyme and its
substrate
BASIS: Biochemical Enginering, Ebook Version 2.32 by James M. Lee, page 2-7
ANSWER: A. Lock and Key theory
44. Plants that are devoid of chlorophyll and are therefore unable to synthesize their own food.
BASIS: Introduction to the World of Fungi

Page 9
45. The fundamental cause of sickle-cell disease is a change in the structure of _________.
BASIS: Chemistry for Today (General, Organic and

Biochemistry) 8th Ed. Page 641
ANSWER: B. Hemoglobin
46. It is the major form of stored carbohydrate in animals.
BASIS: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Microbiology/Book
%3A_Microbiology_(Boundless)/2%3A_Chemistry/2.6%3A_Energy/
2.6.1%3A_Metabolism_of_Carbohydrates
47. Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?
BASIS:
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/select-the-correct-
optionwhich-of-the-following-is-a-saturated/
ANSWER: D. Palmitic Acid
48. A measure of the degree of unsaturation of a fatty acid
BASIS:
https://www.britannica.com/science/iodine-value
49. These are the DNA or RNA coated protein that may or may not be considered as living
things.
BASIS:
Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition.

Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al.
New York: W. H. Freeman; 2000.
ANSWER: D. Virus
50. Non-photosynthetic eukaryotes, highly organized with soil as its major habitat.
BASIS: Phylum Protozoa

https://www.microscopemaster.com/protozoa.html

Biochemical Engineering

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REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING

SOLUTION AND ANSWER:

2. Type of bacteria that are considered to be ancient organism such as methanogens,

3. Which of the following is not a steroid ?

4. In an experiment conducted to evaluate the Michaelis-Menten constant, it was found that

5. Bacteria which convert alcoholic solution to vinegar are __________.

6. The biological decomposition of organic matter accompanied by the production of foul

7. A waste treatment process by which biologically active growths are continuously

a. activated sludge process.

8. The temperature at which microorganism is killed within a period of 10 minutes.

9. The enzymatic hydrolysis of an ester occurs according to the following reaction:

a. The Michaeli’s constant, KM in millimoles per liter is

10. A visible concentrated growth of algae or other aquatic life/plants is called

11. Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are

13. The a specific growth rate Of the yeast is ?

a. 0.13 day negative 1

19. The enzyme in the stomach is

20. The organism that reproduce by sporulation is

22. A basic amino acid is

25. Albizzia Falcataria, a specie, of plywood, after an initial thermochemicalhydrolysis

30. Hyrolysis of one mole of sucrose gives

a. 1 mole of glucose and 1 mole of galactose

31. The isoelectric point of isoleucine (2.36, 9.68) is

32. Method used to free milk from disease or germs

33. The power house of the cell is called ________

34. The microorganism utilized in the production of pickles is

37. The disaccharide formed by β-glycosidic bond is______.

40. The only source that naturally contains vitamin D

42. Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?

a. lock and key theory

46. It is the major form of stored carbohydrate in animals.

47. Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

48. A measure of the degree of unsaturation of a fatty acid

3. Which of the following is not a steroid?

4. In an experiment conducted to evaluate the Michaelis-Menten constant, it was found that 1 g

Required: Calculate the rate of waste decomposition by 2 g of bacteria if

Solution: Equation base on the chemical engineering reviewer 3rd Ed

(35 g /day)(20 mg/ L)

Use the value of km to calculate the concentration of 2g bacteria at 8mg/L

NOTE: Same equation to be use

And then multiply it by 2, cause of the 2g bacteria

5. Bacteria which convert alcoholic solution to vinegar are ____________.

6. The biological decomposition of organic matter accompanied by the production of foul

BASIS: Introduction to Environmental Engineering 4th

ANSWER: A. activated sludge

8. The temperature at which microorganism is killed within a period of 10 minutes.

9. The enzymatic hydrolysis of an ester occurs according to the following reaction:

The Michaeli’s constant, KM in millimoles per liter is

10. A visible concentrated growth of algae or other aquatic life/plants is called

11. Materials in which microorganisms are grown in a laboratory are

For numbers 12 and 13…

Required: . Calculate the daily molasses

0.556 C 6 H 12 O 6+ 0.301 N H 3 +1.43O2 → 0.301C 6 H 10 O3 N +2.283 H 2 O+1.532 C O2

Biomass is considering the product = 144 kg (C 6 H 10 O3 N ¿

Molasses contains 40.8% C 6 H 12 O6 (180 kg)

Solution to produce 1 metric ton = 1000kg biomass

1 mol C6 H 10 O 3 N 0.556 C 6 H 12 O 6 0.301 C 6 H 10 O 3 N

13. The specific growth rate of the yeast is __________.

Let us use the answer on no.12

Given: 15m3 = 15,000 L

Required: The specific growth rate of the yeast

ANSWER: C.0.39 day −1