D:\S4 NOTES\MODULE 2 TE.

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MODULE 2

TRAFFIC ENGINEERING ROAD INTERSECTIONS TRAFFIC OPERATION

TRAFFIC CHARACTERESTICS TRAFFIC ENGINEERING STUDIES DESIGN OF INTERSECTIONS TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES

ROAD USER VEHICULAR 5 VOLUME STUDIES SPEED STUDIES ORGIN AND DESTINATION PARKING AND ACCIDENT AT GRADE GRADE SEPARATED SIGNALS
SIGNS

PHYSICAL MENTAL PHYCHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATIC 2 DYNAMIC 3 gives information on the actual OBJECTIVES METHODS CHANNALISED UNCHANNALISED ROTORY DIRECTIONAL INTERCHANGE NON DIECTIONAL INTERCHANGE Regulatory warning informatory
PCU VALUE OBJECTIVES of vs METHODS PRESENTATION OF TVS SPOT SPEED SPEED AND DELAY DESIGN OF SIGNAL
location or zone of origin of
travel of vehicles or individual
PERMANENT TEMPORORY factors:-traffic VEHICLE passenger trips and their
knowledge skill, factors:-affects stream VEHICLE DIMENSION VEHICLE WIEGHT VEHICLE SPEED VEHICLE POWER FACTORS AFFECTING MANUAL AUTOMATIC USES METHODS (floating
BRAKE To decide the priority for AADT :- ADT:- Trend charts:- Traffic flow maps:- Design hourly traffic volume Spot speed: give the running speeds, destination. Plan the road network and
intelligence, reaction to traffic characteristics, car nte number
improvement and upgradation of instantaneous speed of overall speeds, uyarthinn photo other facilities for
Vision fatigue experience , situations of road road side
Vehicle characteristics:- roads Field team at Fixed /portable type vehicle at specified To use in planning fluctuations in interview) gives information like actual vehicular
alcohol literacy, users to great features, LENGTH AND WIDTH HIEGHT Affects design of sight Governs the limiting average daily traffic Determined from plot between Thirtieth
dimension,power,speed, predetermined positions obtained by volume trends cross traffic control and speeds and the delay direction of travel, selection traffic
Hearing drugs understanding extend ,emotional atmospheric distance values of gradient on volume obtained hourly volume and no.of hours highest
affects design acceleration,braking For geometric design /re-design Automatic recording of determining over period of thickness of section /location. traffic regulations between two stations of a of
illness traffic regulation factors –fear , conditions, roads when traffic volume in a year that the traffic volume hourly volume FLOATING CAR /
of pavement characteristics of roadway facilities Carry out classified vehicles crossing a road average daily years is prepared lines Average spe road. routes, length of trip. Plan the schedule of
Strength these all reduce alertness and special anger, locality. Clearance to Super elevation counts are carried is exceeded. RIDING CHECK
thickness & count and record section. traffic volume . representing ed: average of spot Geometric design different modes of
increase the reaction time instructions and superstition, be provided Length of transition From total hauling out only for few days METHOD
gradient clearance between moving For analysis of traffic patterns, recorded for all the traffic hourly volume that speeds of all vehicles and redesign of gives information such as transportation for the trip
PIEV theory affect the quality of judgement timely action impatience, Width of traffic lane under curves capacity and the (3 to 7 days) Road cannot be designed for
vehicles trends and growth rate of each Advantages:- Traffic count is recorded by 365 useful for volume to any will be exceeded passing a existing highway the amount, location, vehicle demand of commuters.
depends maturity, structures Design gradients power required to electrically operated only 29 times in a duration and cause of
IRC vehicle class and days of year. desired given point . number
on intelligence attention to traffic Shoulders, Parking facilities such as Capacity of traffic lane overcome counters and recorders useful for traffic peak hourly volume
recommends Traffic stream characteristics- projecting future traffic volume Possible to obtain estimating the scale help to year and all other To use in accident delay in the traffic stream. method It gives the information
and literacy regulations . bridges, Design of Control the total tractive capable of recording the census on non-urban –uneconomical hourly volumes of the
maximum composition of vehicles, along identified roads classified useful for rate of growth find the traffic Running speed: avg studies like the actual direction of
Capacity of roads underpasses, measures resistance, it is impulses , but the impulses determining roads year will be less
permissible mean speed ,speed vehicle count, direction and volume speed maintained by useful in detecting the spot travel, selection of routes
electric lines possible to wise caused by vehicles of annual average hourly than this value. of congestion.delay may Interview
gross weight & distribution, volume to For computing road capacity growth rate of distribution vehicle over traffic capacity and length of trip.
Design of vertical & horizontal alignment etc determine the speed movement of vehicles, light weight may not be different vehicle volume - will not be technique
axle weights capacity ratio. planning future along existing particular stretch of be either due to fixed
& no.of enough in some cases to sufficient delays or operational method
To plan traffic operation and classes. expansion roads at a road ,while vehicle is in To decide speed Used in planning new
Extra width of pavement acceleration of occupants in each actuate this type of counter.
Speed distribution control glance. motion. trends delays. highway facilities and in
vehicles vehicle, details PCU values are Elevated improving some of the
Safe overtaking distance Demerit: -not possible to design and
Roadway characteristics:- of pedestrian count . used for to compare Fixed delay occurs observation existing system.
Planning of one way streets regulation. Travel speed: overall
classify and record every converting primarily at intersections method
road geometrics –gradient, speed of travel obtained behaviour of drivers
Disadvantage :- vehicle type , turning vehicles classes due to
curve ,access control ,rural Turning movement studies at by dividing the and vehicles under
movement details, traffic signals and at level
or urban road ,presence of intersections to one class route length by total specified set of Photographic
24 hours counting not pedestrian crossings.
intersections flow . travel time ,including conditions. technique
possible
For structural design / stopped delays. method
strengthening of pavements and Operational delays are
other road way caused by the interference
structures. of
traffic movement, such as
turning vehicles, parking
vehicles, pedestrians ..etc.

19 September 2022