6 SimultaneouS (Linear)

Equations neluding Problems

6.1 INTRODUCTION:
An equation or the form ax + by + c = 0 is called a linear equation in which a, b and C
are Constants (real umbers) and x and y are variables each with degree 1 (one).
Consider the two linear equations: 3x + 4y = 6 and 8x + 5y 3. These two
contain same two variables (x and y in this case). Together such equations are called
equations
simultaneous (linear) equations.
Consider the simultaneous linear equations 2x y = 1 and 3x + y = 14.
If x = 3 and y = 5
2x y =1 2 x 3 -5 = 1 1= 1
3x+ y = 14 3 x 3 +5 14 14 = 14
Since, x = 3 and y 5 satisfy both the equations 2x - y = 1 and 3x + y = 14.
Therefore, x = 3 and y = 5 is the solution of simultaneous linear equations under
consideration.
6.2 METHODS OF SOLVING SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
To solve two simultaneous linear equations means, to find the values of variables used in
the given equations.
Out of the different algebraic methods for solving simultaneous equations, we shall be
discussing the following three methods only:
1. Method of elimination by substitution.
2. Method of elimination by equating coefficients.
3. Method of cross-multiplication.
6.3 METHOD OF ELIMINATION BY SUBSTITUTION:
Steps:1. From any of the given two equations, find the value of one variable in terms of the other.
2. Substitute the value of the variable, obtained in step (1), in the other equation and
solve it.
3. Substitute the value of the variable obtained in step (2), in the result of
step (1) and get the value of the remaining unknown variable.
S o l v e the following system of equations using the method of elimination by substitution.
x + y = 7 and 3x - 2y = 11.
Step 1: x + y =7 y = 7 -x
3x 2 y = 11 3x - 2 (7 - x) = 11
Step 2:
3 x - 14 2 x = 11
5 x = 25 and x = 5
77
 Step 3: y =
7-x > y = 7 -
5 = 2
Solution is : x =5 and y = 2
Alternative method: As
of xx in
Instead of finding the value of y in terms of x; if we find the value of in term
terms of
proceed as above; the result will remain the same, For this : y and
Step 1: X+y = 7 x = 7 -y
Step 2: 11 3(7 y) 2y = 11
3x 2y
-
=
21 3y 2y = 11
-5y = -10 and y = 2
x = 7 y > x = 7 - 2 5
Step 3:
Solution i s x =5 and y =2
Ans
2 Solve using elimination by substitution
-x+7
5
2x-3 y-5 and
4
4 y7= 18 -5 = 5x.
Solution7
x+ =3y- 4(x+7)-5(2x-y) _2y
4 20
4x+ 28 - 10x + 5y = 60y - 100
i.e.
-6x - 55y = -128
and x= 128-55y
6x = 128 5 5 y
i.e 6
4x-3 =
18 -5x 4x-3+15y-21=
6
18-5x
6
4x+15y - 24 = 108 30x 34x + 15y = 132
i.e.
128-55y
a 128-55y|+15y =132 6
3 4 x 128 3 4 x 55y + 90y = 132 x 6
4352 1870y + 90y 792
3560
1780y = 3560 i.e. y = =2
1780
128-55y 128-55x2
6
=
6 8-3 An
Solution i s : x = 3 and y = 2
78
 EXERCISE6 (A)
the following pairs of linear
(simultaneous)
sutution.
equations using method ot elimina
8x+5y =
3x + 2y = 4 9 27 3) 3y -
5) = 0
5x-1) 4(y - 4) =
2x 3y=7
5x+y =9
10 2 -12
2x + 3y = 8
2x= 2 + 3y
372 = 13
3
9
0-2x +0-1y = 25 11 ix + 2y = 11
2x 2) 16y 116
=
2r 3y 10 =0
6x = 7y+7 12 2x 3 y 6 0
7y x = 8 2r 3y 18 = 0
y = 4x 7
6
16x 5y = 25 13 Sy 2 = 0
2x + 7y = 39
3x +5y = 31
1-5x+01y = 62
3x-04y = 112
6.4 METHOD OFIIIMINIIONB 0IINGCOF1 I S
Steps: 1. Multiply one or both of the cquations by a suitable number or numbers so that
either the cocfficients of x or the cocfficients of y in both the cquations become
numerically cqual
2 Add both the cquations, as obtained in step 1. or subtract onc cquation from the
other, so that the terms with cqual numerical cocfficicnts cancel mutually
3 Solve the resulting cquation to find the valuc of onc of the unknowns
4 Substitute this valuc in any of the two givcn cquations and find the value of the
other unknown
3 Solve, using the method of ehminatson by cquating coeffic acnts
3-4y= 10 and S1-3y= 24
Sohution
3x-4y= 10
5x 3y = 24 (11
Mep I: Multiply cquation () by 5 and cquation (u) by 3
The resulting equations are
15 201 =50
15x - 9y= 72
Mep 2 [Suburacting)
-1ly = -22
= 2
79
Step 4 Substituting y = 2 , in eq. (i). we get:
- 18 =
3 4 x 2 = 10 6
Hence, = 6 and y
An
Solve, using the method of elimination by equating coefficients:
06
=-1. Given 3x - 2y # 0.
+Y =3.3 and 31-2v
Solution
X+y =3.3
06
-1 06 =-3x + 2y
3x-2y
i.e. 3x 2y= -0-6 1)
Eq. (i) x 2 2x + 2y = 6-6
5x 6 (On adding)
= 12
x+y =3.3 1-2 + y =3.3 i.e. y =2.1
= 1-2 and y =21 Ans.
Solution is:
Solve 65x 33y = 97 and 33x - 65y =1
Solution
to the
In this example, the coefficient of x in the first equation is numerically equal
is
coefficient of y in the second equation and the coefficient of y in the first equation
numerically equal to the coefficient of x in the second equation.
solved by the method, given below:
Such equations are
65x - 33y = 97 (i)
and. 33x - 65y = 1 *******... (i)
On adding (i) and (ii), we get
98x 98y = 98
X - y = I **********
(iii) [Dividing each term by 98]
On subtracting (ii) from (i),. we get :
32x+32y = 96
X+y = 3 ***
(iv) Dividing each term by 32
Now, on solving equations (ii) and (iv), we get
2 and y = 1 Ans.
80
 EXERCISE 6 (B)
For solving
each pair of equations,
in this exercise, 11. If 2x + y = 23 and 4x y = 19; find the
method of elimination
use
the by equating values ofx - 3y and 5y - 2x.
coefficients
12. If 10y = 7x -4 and 12x + 18y = 1; find the
values of 4x + 6y and 8y - x.
. 13+ 2y =9x
3y 7x 13. Solve for x and y:
23
2. 3x- y
=
)
4 3-4=
6
5y - 18
i) 4x = 17 *
+ 12 2y+x = 2 + * 2
14. Find the value of m, if x = 2, y = 1 is a
4. - 2 ) 1 - ) solution of the equation 2x + 3y = m.
26x +3y + 4 = 0
15. 10% of x + 20% of y = 24
5. y = 2x - 6 3x-y 20
y= 0 16. The value of expression mx - ny is 3 when x =F5
and y = 6. And its value is 8 when x = 6 and
5. Find the values of m and n.
6 204-) y =
2x+ y 3(x - 4) 17. Solve: 11(x-5) + 100-2) +54 =0
7(2x 1) +9(3y - 1) = 25
7. 3- (x- 5) = y + 2
18. Solve:
2 x +y) = 4 - 3y
8. 2x 3y - 3 = 0 3y-5
4y+ =0 Sy = 18-5x
9. 13x+ 11y = 70 19. Solve
1lx+13y = 74 4x+ =17
10. 41x + 53y = 135
53x+41y = 147 2y+x =2
6.5 METHOD OF CROSS-MULTIPLICATION
are expressed as:
When the given simultaneous equations
0
a,x + b,y +G
=
and, 0
ax +by + C2 =
bc2D and y Ca-C2a
Then, x ab-asbi ab-a2b1
81
Steps
as :
1. Express the two given simultaneous equations
= 0
a+b,y +C,
+ 0
ax +b2y
=
and, C2
the constant terms as:
2. Write the coefficients of x and y and also
b b
C1
b2 C2
3. Mark arrows as shown below:
C1
b
b
arroW are to be multiplied together.
two numbers connected by an
(i) The
Numbers with downward
arrow are multiplied first and from this product
du the
(ii) is subtracted.
productof numbers with upward arrow
Thus, for we get: b,c2 - b , e
0
for C
and
,
we get: Ca,- Cza
for a b
, we get: a,b, - ab
b
1
y
Now,
b C1 C . a
b C2 C2
i.e. Ca2C241 a,b2 azb
bc2-bi
be-b,L Ca-C241
and
Xab-a,b a,b2 ab
Solve, using cross-multiplication
6 4x 7y + 28 = 0 and 7x -
5y -
9 = 0.
Solution
Comparing ax + bpy +
C, = 0 with 4x -
7y + 28 =0
ax+by + C2 = 0 with 7x - 5y - 9 = 0, we get:
and,
82
 b b
28 4 -1
C
a2 b 5 -9 5
b C2
28
28 4 4
9 -9 5
-7x-9-28x-5 28x7--9)x4 4x(-5)-7x-7
1
63+140 196+36 -20+49
1
203 232 29
203 232
and y i.e. x = 7 and y = 8 Ans.
29 29
Solve, using cross-multiplication
2x+3y 17 = 0 and 3x - 2y 6 = 0.
Solution:
Comparing a,x+by+ C = 0 with 2x +3y - 17 =0
and, ax + by + C = 0 with 3x - 2y -6 = 0, we get
Since, b C1 b -17
b C b 2 -6 3 -2
1
3 -17 2 2 3
-6 -2
1
- 4-9
-18-34 -51-(-12)
A
52 -39 -13
-52 i.e. x = 4 and y =3
x = and y = Ans.
-13
83
Soluiion
0 + b,y +
C 0
2x+3y =6 2x + 3y
=
-
6 = =
a,x
6x 4 6x 4 0 =
ax + by +
C2 =
0
and, -
5y = -
5y - =
b 3 6 2
b C a
-5 4 6 5
C2
1
X y
-6 2 2 3
3
5
A
4 6 5
1
(-12)-(30) (-36)-(-8) (-10)-(18)
-36+8 -10-18
-12-30
- 28
- 42 -28
1
- 42
- 2 8 and
-28 28
-42 -28 and y 1 Ans.
_28 and _8
y =28 ie., x =
1 =
-28
Solve by cross-multiplication
+ 9 0.
3x +y = 13 and x - 3y
Solution
0 and x -3y + 9 0
y - 13
=
Given equations are 3x + =
+ = 0 with 3x+ y 13 -
= 0
Comparing a,x +by C
and, a,x+b,y +
C2
= 0 with x -3y + 9 =
0, we get
-13 3 1
b C b
b C b -3 9 1
1
T -13 -13 3 3 7T
3 9 9 1
1
9)-(39) -13)-(27) -9)-(1)
1
-30 - 40 -10
x = 3 and y = 44
As
84
Solve. using cross-multiplication
EXERCISE6(C)}
4x+3y=17 2 3x+4y= 11
3x-4y + 6=0 3. 6x 7y- 11 =0
2x 3y = 8
Sx2y =13
4. 5x+ 4y + 14 =0 X-y+2 = 0
6- 4x-y =5
3x=- 10- 4y 7x+9y = 130
5y-4r =7
4x-3y=0 3. 8x+5y 9 9 4r-3y - 11 =0
2x+3y= 18 3x+2y = 4 6r+7y-5 =0
4x + 6y= 15 11.
10. 0-4x-15y = 65 12 2r-v3y =0
3x-4y=7 0-3x+0-2y 0-9 5x 2y =0
66 EQUATIONS REDUCIBLE TO LINE AR FQUATION
Solve 2 and . 22
Solution
Given = 2
13
and, = 22 When the given system
of linear simultaneous
Multiplying equation (1) by 2 and equation (I) by 7., we get
equations has its variables
16 in denominator only,
solve the given equations
91 without taking LC M of
14 154 denominators
(Subtracting
75-150
-150y-75 or y
Substituting y =in cq. (). we get
2-1616 = -14
andy
Alfernativemethod: Let a and=b
2becomes 7a8b =2 (0)
And. = 22 becomes 2a 13b =22
Multiplying equation (i) by 2 and equation (ii) by 7; we get:
14a+ 16b = 4

14a + 91b = 154

75b =-150 2
2a + 13b = 22 2a + 13 x 2 = 22
Now. 2
2a =- 4 and a = -

a = -2
= -2 and x =

-
b = 2
=2 and y =

. Solution is : * =- and y = 2
An

40
44 + 13
Solve -y *x+y Oand
Solution
30 44
+y = 10
Since, x y
40 55 = 13 ********

and, X-y x+y

Multiplying equation (i) by 4 and equation (i) by 3; we get

120 176 = 40
X-y
*
x+y
120 165
39
x+y

***. (
x+y = 11

30 30 44
10 y + 1
x-y ++y
=
vOW,

30
= 10 - 4 =6
x-y (1V
30 andx -y 5 * * * * * * * * *

6(r y)
=
=

and (iv), get =8 and y = 3

On solving equations (1ii) we : x
Ab
Solution is : x = 8 and y = 3

Alternative method
Let x - y = a and x+y =b
44
30+4 10
* * * * *

10
x-y+ +y
=

.. (

a -y*
40
x+y
= 13 40
a
13

86
Mulliplying cquation (i) by 4 and cquation (ii) by 3; we gct
120 176
40

120 65
39
a

11
b = 11 i.e. x + y = 1l (i1)
b

1 0 1030
a
304= 10 =
30
a
10-4

a = 5 i.e. x - y =S . (iV)

On solving equations (11) and (iv), we get :

x = 8 andy =3 Ans.

Third method
a and b
X+y
30 44 . . (i)
30a + 44b = 10
+X+y =10

55 40a + 55h = 13 . (11)

13
and, - y ++y
=

On solving equations (1) and (i); we get

a = and b
5

X- y = 5 .. (ii)
a

X+y= 11 . (iv)
bi +y 1
On solving equations (ii) and (iv), we get

= 8 and y = 3 Ans.

EXERCISE 6 D)

Solve: 3. 5x+=19

3 7
101
4. Solve: 4x+= 15 and 3x - = 7.
2
2 10 Hence, find 'a' if y = ax - 2.

= 10-5

87
 5. Solve
=0 0 and =19. and, =0y
Hence, find 'a' if y = ax + 3. xy xy
6. Solve xy 6
20 3
(i) Now, solve equations I and I.
X+y x -

8 15
= 5 8. Solve
-y X+)
34
(1) 3x+4y + 3x-2y
8-50 ab = a2 +b2
= 45
3x-2y 3x+4y
7. Solve
i) x+ y = 2xy 9. Solve
2.2y
x+y
X-y 6xy 3
(ii) x + y = 7xy
2x 3y = -1y
2x-y 10
x+y # 0 and 2x
-y # 0
i) Dividing both the sides of each equation
by y, we get 2
10. Solvee:
2 3y
- 2
1

6.7 PROBLEMS BASED ON SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

A. Based on numbers

12 The sum of two numbers is 12 and their difference is 2. Find the numbers.
Solution :
Let the numbers be x and y.
X + y = 12 and x -y = 2

On solving, we get: x = 7 and y = 5

Required numbers are 7 and 5 Ans.

Therefore, to solve aproblem based on simultaneous equations, adopt the following steps
Steps: 1. Assume the two variables (unknowns) as x
and y.
According to the given statement, set up two equations in terms of x and y.
3. Solve the equations.
B. Based on fractions

3 If the numerator of a fraction is decreased by 1 its value becomes 2 but ifthe

denominator is increased by 5 its value becomes What is the fraction?

88
Saiuito

fraction be
Let
the
-1
and
y y+5 2
3x 3 = 2y and 2x = y + 5
3x- 2y = 3 and 2x - y = 5

On solving,
we get:X = 7 and y =9,
Ans.
Required fraction = 9

Based on two-digit numbers

C.
reversed, the new
The sum digits of a two-digit number is 7. If the digits are
of the
number.
14 number. Find the original
number increased by 3, equals 4 times the original

Solution

Let x be the digit place and y be the digit at

at ten's unit place.
The number
=
10x+y and the sum of its digits = x +y.
the digits, the number becomes 10 y +x.
On reversing
to the given statement
According (1)
x+y = 7
(1)
10y + x + 3 = 4 (10x + y)
and,
get:x=1 and y = 6
On solving, we
Ans.
. Required number = 10x + y = 10 x 1 +6 =16
on reversing its digits
number and the number obtained
The ratio between a two digit
15 between the digits of the number
is 3, find the number.
is 4 7. If the difference

Solution
number of two digits be 10x + y
Let the required
T h e number obtained on reversing its digits
= 10y + x

Given
10x+ 77
10y+x i.e. 70x + 7y =
40y + 4x

ie. 66x = 33y

70x - 4x = 40y 7y
A
2x y= 0

digits 3
difference between the
=

Given,
y-X = 3
i.e. X-y = 3 or

number increases, the unit digit

number 10r + y, if on reversing the digits the
For a two digit the digits mustbe taken as y .

than the tens digit and so the difference between

IS
bigger 27.
the digits of number
For example: On reversing
than the original number 27.
We get 72, which is bigger
than its tens digit.
of the original number is greater
Clearly, the unit digit
the digits the number deereases, the tens digit is
Similarly, for 10r + y, if on reversing
the digits must be taken as x -

y.
Dgger and so the difference between

89
 For example : On reversing the digits of number 62.
We get 26, which is smaller than the original number 62.
Clearly, the tens dig ofthe original number is greater than
than its
its uni
unit
In this example, the ratio between the required number and the number oh
digit
ained
reversing its digits =4: 7.
O n reversing the digits, the number increases
and so y - x =3 ..I

On solving I and II, we get:

x = 3 and y = 6

.
Required number = 10x+ y
= 10 x 3+ 6 =36
Ans
EXERCISE 6 (E)
2 numerator is 8 less than 5 times the denominate
1. The ratio oftwo numbers is.If
3
2 is subtracted Find the fraction.
the ratio 10. If the numerator of a fraction is multiplied h
from the first and 8 from the second,
ratio. Find 2 and its denominator is increased by 1,it
becomes the reciprocal of the original
the numbers. becomes 1. However, if the numerator i
the increased by 4 and denominator is multiplied b
2. Two numbers are in the ratio 4 7. Ifthrice 1
the sum is 2, the fraction becomes. Find the fraction.
larger be added to twice the smaller,
59. Find the numbers.
11. A fraction becomes if5 is subtracted from is
increased
3. When the greater of the two numbers numerator and 3 is subtracted from it
of the numbers, the
by 1 divides the s u m
denominator. If the denominator of this fraction
result is When the difference of these is 5 more than its numerator, find the fraction.
numbers is divided by the smaller, the result is 12. The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 5.
If the are reversed, the number is reduced
digits
Find the numbers.
4. The sum of two positive numbers x and y (x> y) by 27. Find the number.
is 720. 13. The sum of the digits of a two digit number is 7. If
is 50 and the difference of their squares the digits are reversed, the new number decreased by
Find the numbers. the number.
difference 2, equals twice the original number. Find
5. The sum of two numbers is 8 and the two digit number is three
times
numbers.
14. The ten's digit of a
of their squares is 32. Find the the unit digit. The sum of the number and the unit

numbers
digit is 32. Find the number.
x
6. The difference between two positive
difference between their ten's dign
and y (x >y) is 4 and the 15. A two-digit number is such that the
the number
4
Find the numbers. exceeds twice the unit's digit by 2 and
reciprocals is morc
obtained by inter-changing the digits 5is
the two
than three times the sum of the digits. Find
x>y digit number.
en
is
the ratio 4 5. If 30 is 16. Four times a certain two digit number
7. Two numbers a r e in times the number obtained on interchangingl
of the numbers, the ratio
subtracted from each *

the digits 1
becomes 1:2. Findthe numbers. digits. If the difference between
fraction is increased by 2 find the number. er
of a 17. The sum of a two digit number and the num
8. If the numerator
by 1,
decreased it the
and denominator is obtained by interchanging the digits or
2 er
increased by 1
becomes.Ifthe numerator is number is 121. If the digits of the number
3
increased
by 2, it becomes by 3, find the number.
and denominatoris the

Find the fraction. 18. A digit number is obtained by multiplyh

two
sum of the digits by 8. Also, it is obtaine
numerator and the denominator
9. The sum of the byI
to 7. Four times the multiplying the difference ofthe digits
of a fraction is equal adding 2. Find the number.

90
 Based on ages
.
The present ages of A and B arc in the ratio 9 4 Seven vcars hence, tnC of
Ia
their ages will be 3 . Find their
prcscnt ages.

Soluton:

e t the present age ot A = years and that of B = y years

4 x -9y = 0 (i)
4
..

a r s hence: As age will be (r + 7) years and B's age will be (y + 7) years.

+ 3x + 21 = 5y +35
y+7
3x 5y 14 . (ii)
we get : X =
18 and y 8
On solving.
=

A ' s present age = l8 years and B's present age = 8 years Ans.
C.P. and S.P.
E. Based
on

A farmer sold a calf and a cow for 7,600, thereby making a profit of 25% on the

calf and 10% on the cow. By selling them for 7,675, he would have realised a

profit of 10% on the calf and 25% on the cow. Find the cost price of each.

Solution:
Let the C.P. of the calf = x and the C.P. of the cow = y

Infirst case:
25x 5x
S.P. of the calf = 7 x + 25% of T x =7 X + 100
100 4

10y 1ly
S.P. ofthe cow =
Ry+ 109% of y =R|* 100 10
5x 11y = 7,600 25x + 22y = 1,52,000 (1)
4 10
In second case
1lx
S.P. of the calf = x + 10% of x =

10
5)
S.P. of the cow =
7y + 25% of T y = 7
11x
= 7,675 22x + 25y = 1,53,500 ..(ii)
10
On solving equations (i) and (ii), we get
x = 3,000 and y = 3,500

C.P. of a calf = R 3,000 and C.P. of the cow = 3,500 Ans.

E.Based on time and war
 .
Ooim 2 md 175

and
Ao do t in 28 days

EXERCISE6

age of Neen5I Find the numher of mde

Poe yee n e n e age
w foer times thethe appeared fior the evarmination
age
age wi e
A rice
BPoe y e r
Suppose r candidates passed and y 6
Rvears agn A
2 A 2 ve der thn therefore
fime a RFind their preen nge
In the second case, no of
e rdghme per ime he mother will
appeared-r+y-30 and no of to
passed - r - 20:
tetoe hlf times od her dengher at
ther time Fn the preem nges of meher anf her
No of failed = r y - 30-r- 20
dghtr
10
Thrng f a men mrure the um of te sges of
t hilide Afe 20 vears hs age ill e
Grven 10
g the smef the g of h chidem st tha
omF hr p ner d te ma A and B both have some
pencils. IF A pves
pencils
to
B.
then B will have rwice as
A And if B
gives 10
my
to pencils A. then
they
have the
dildesyer ame number of pencils. How t
Th pencils does each
have
1250 persons went to see
adult pad? 75 and cach chldcircus-s
a
Each
Ap d eh duld mm vear the admissIon paad2
and number of
ticket. Fnd the number ofa
0-20h year children, if the total
from them amounts to ?ol colle
Two articles A
250
Tl and B are wold
d Aad B %profit on A and 7% for 1, 167 m
ahe
eg rat
he rat profit on B. fhe
articles are oid for?1,105, a profit of
made on A and
the cost
a
prolit of $% is made on 8
price of cach article
wa4 a 0 i 0 Pouga and Kitu
ppacd ad 30 lcoa
can do a
prece of work a
daya If ome
day work of
uf one
day wurk of Pooja be thoe
cah wll du Ritu, find n how
ueliaau Piulic the wuk may
alon
A Bcak lns cuti
wga lue tiu ds
ud
nges A says o
will uubes of B.
oranges let with you give ne
lave e
sae uunber of you B
0d
eplies
oranges an left yo
with you
Salution

et A
has r mber
numi of oranges and B has
y number of oranges.
In Isi case (if B gives 10 oranges to A):
x+10 = 2(y 10)
X 2y = - 30
ln 2nd case (it A gives 10 oranges to B)
y+ 10 =x - 10 - y = 20 ...(1)
On solving equations () and (1), we get
x= 70 and y = 50
A has 70 oranges and B has 50 oranges Ans.

of a two digit
number and the number obtained reversing the digits is 165.
o0 The sum on

If the digits differ by 3, find the number.

Solution
Let the digit at tens place be x and the digit at unit place be y.
Number = 10x + y

Number on reversing the digits = 10y + x

And, the difference between the digits x y or x

= -

y -

Given (10x+y) +(10y + x) = 165

X+y = 15 ...)
X -y =3 ..)
And,
y-x = 3 ...)
Or
and (),
On solving equations () we get
X = 9 and y =6

Number = 10x + y =10 x 9+6 =96

On solving equations () and (I), we get:
x = 6 and y = 9

10x + y 10 x 6 +9 69
Number =

number = 96 or 69 Ans.
Required
3-tier and 3 members in 2-tier is 2,050
21 The total railway fare for 5 members in
members in 3-tier and 5 members in 2-tier is
whereas, the total railway fare for 8 2-tier.
3,350. Find the fare to be paid by a couple travelling through

Solution
person in 3-tier be
x
Let fare for one

and, fare for one person in 2-tier be R y

In 5x + 3y = 2,050
.
Ist case:
And, in 2nd case 8x + 5y = 3,350

get: x = 200 and y = 3500

On
solving equations I and II, we

Fare to be paid by a couple travellin8

=
F

350 700
through 2-tier = 2 x y =2 x Ans.

93
 EXERCISE 6 (G)-

1. Rohit says to Ajay, "Give me a hundred, T 9. A part of monthly expenses of a

fam:
shall thcn become twice as rich as you. Ajay constant and the remaining
vary mily is
replies. if you give me ten, I shall be six number of members in the with
1mes as rich as you." How much docs each family.
family of 4 persons, the total monthly ex For a
have originally ?
2. The sum of a two digit number and the
are10,400; whereas for a family of 7
Dae
the total monthly expenses are R
number obtained by reversing the order of the
the constant expenses per 15,800,rsons
month
monthly expenses on each member of a and
digits is 99. Find the number, if the digits
differ by 3. fa nily
3. Seven times a two digit number is equal to Let the constant monthly
expenses be and
four times the number obtained by reversing for each member of the
the digits. If the difference between the digits expenses be y.
famty the monthly
is 3, find the number.
x+ 4y 10,400 and x + 7y =15,800.
4. From Delhi station, if we buy 2 tickets for
station A and 3 tickets for station B, the total 10. The taxi
cost is 7 7 . But if we buy 3 tickets for
charges in a city consist of a fixed charoo
together with the charge for the distance covered
station A and 5 tickets for station B, the total For a distance of 10 km, the
cost is 124. What are the fares from Delhi charge paid is
7315 and for a journey of 15 km, the
to station A and to station B?
is 465.. What are the fixed charges
charge paid
and the
5. The sum of digits of a two digit number is charge per kilometer ? How much does a person
11. If the digit at ten's place is increased by have to pay for travelling a distance
of 32 km?
5 and the digit at unit's place is decreased byy 11. A lending library has a fixed
5, the digits of the number are found to be charge for the
first three days and an additional
reversed. Find the original number. charge for
each day thereafter. Geeta paid T 27 for a
6. 90% acid solution (90% pure acid and 10% book kept for seven days, while Mohit paid
water) and 97% acid solution are mixed to 7 21 for the book he kept for five days. Find
obtain 21 litres of 95% acid solution. How the fixed charges and the charge for each
many litres of each solution are mixed. extra day.
12. The area of a rectangle gets reduced by
Let x litres of 90% and y litres of 97% 9 square units, if its length is reduced by
be mixed; then x +y=21 5 units and breadth is increased by 3 units.
and 90% of x + 97% of y = 95% of 21. However, if the length of this rectangle
increases by 3 units and the breadth by
7. Class XI students of a school wanted to give a 2 units, the area increases by 67 square units.
farewell party to the outgoing students of class Find the dimensions of the rectangle.
XII. They decided to purchase two kinds of
sweets, one costing T 250 per kg and the other Let the length of the rectangle = x units and
costing 350 per kg. They estimated that 40 kg its breadth = y units

of sweets were needed. If the total budget for the According to first condition :
sweets was 11,800; find how much sweets of (x 5 ) (y + 3) = xy - 9 and

each kind were bought ? According to second condition:

8. Mr. and Mrs. Ahuja weigh x kg and y kg (x+ 3) (y + 2) = xy + 67
respectively. They both take a dieting course, at ool
the end of which Mr. Ahuja loses 5 kg and weighs 13. It takes 12 hours to fill a swimming Pou
as much as his wife weighed before the course. using two pipes. If the pipe of larger diame maller

is used for 4 hours and thepipe ot sm

Mrs. Ahuja loses 4 kg and weighsth of what diameter is used for 9 hours, only half of
her husband weighed before the course. Form pool is filled. How long would each pipe ta
two equations in x and y to find their weights to fill the swimming pool ?
before taking the dieting course.

94