ae “gel 1 Aytst English 7 Sta). “ §i8 = Aaa) fs . ; a | DEM MMM MM SE MMM EE NG y5 G0 (BY C5 386 ONT W Ag a7 Trembling (V) Preach (V) Monotheism (n) Worship of one God 1 ‘Assert (v) Affirm= emphasize Persecution(n) Oppression #honour 45 Mockery (n) Contempt=disdain [4s Q Institute (v) establish ary ‘ Initiate (v) Start=launch Tay ai Feud(n) Conflict= dispute [el nplss UJ Abolition (ny Ending=termination | gle suai Account(n) story 4 Devoted(adjy Dedicated ] Proclaim(v) Declare=announce = yd Entrust(v) ‘Assign=miake I Ss) | somebody. responsible for : 3 =. _| something. ra cl Prosperity(n) ~:| Success ‘ { Managément(n) Running affairs Command(v,n) order Q t Solitude(n). isolation le, Persist (v) Continue=last \ t | Noun Verb: Adjective = abolition Abolish .__| abolished | Immigration | finmigrate ‘“_. [immigrant | Persistence | Persist... Persistent ; -Laccount. account.“ [2 Persecution - | persecute "| Persevited ~ _| Honour.» Honour ‘Honouredas PROPHET MUHAMMAD ~ Birth: > Birth: ‘When was the prophet born? -Prophet Muhammad was born around A.D. 570. Where was the prophet born? -He was born in Mecca. > Parents: , Was Muhammiad raised (44.5) by his parents? Why? -No, because both of his parents died in his early childhood. > Guardianship: uss Who has taken (was responsible. for) the prophet’s guardianship? . >After his parents’ death, the prophet’s guardianship moved to his Btandfat! “and then to-his uncle who continued to eed him 9 even after prophet hoo > Biography: ai What are the sources of the prophet’s biography? . | +The main source of the prophet's biography is the Qur'an, and the Seconda : “Sources is/are the stories to.the companions and followers. What is the main source? ay “is the Qur'an. What is the secondary source?. - The secondary sources is/are the stories to othe soinpanions and followers. * "2. Youth and marriage: How did Muhammad marry Khadija? -Seeing his great honesty, Khadija entrusted al 45) Muhammad of. managing (2)! ) her trade ga ls5). Then, they, were happily. married and had affspring (esl), Although she was 15 years older. than him. | What shows that! Muhammad was a loving husband rand fi her? | "Why?~ Revelation: _ oo How did the revelation start? -While Muhammad was worshipping (2%) alone in a cave in. mount Hira during Ramadan, the revelation came to him through arch angel Gabriel: What did Muhammad realized after revelation? -He realized that he became a messenger of God and that his message is to call for monotheism (2s), How was Muhammad’s message received in Mecca?. -First, it was met with mockery (4:94), Then, with betsecution tg Finally, they tried to kill him. | | Medina and battles: Why did Muslims migrate (15.24) ) to Medina? -they migrated to. Medina, because persecution reached its peak (43993), | ‘What was the first measure-taken (step/thing done) by the prophet? -He established legal bonds of brotherhood’ between the immigrants (oiyales) I and Al-Ansar. - | ‘When did-Muslims/the prophet invade (¢) Mecca? -Muslims/the prophet ifivaded (r8) Mecca in 8 year Hijri. 5. Farewell sermon: What did the prophet urge (tell) Muslims to 0 bi in the farewell sermon?. © ~He urged ther’ to preserve (! shi.) their unity agin.) after his death, ~ monotheism (2 i!) and treat (I sls.) women well. ‘What did the prophet urge (tell) Muslims not to do in the farewell s sermon (forbid (¢4/245) Muslims from doing)? “He warmed (ued them notte devforbid them am) them against usury (Ll and blood feuds (4,pas!! tet jill), .Jack came yesterday, *Liz came’ late this morning. *When he was playirig: tennis, he fell down, *When he had come, he met his friends, “He made an accident . at the other day. ior regular “Regular Lived 7 Crpseried Dieq *Sradried—> Tried Studied “Einstein was a great scientist. © *Tom had an’ accident « the other day ~The signs; *All famous people who dead (Shakespeare, Beethoven, Van Gogh, Alexander The™ Great, Zuail, Mozart, Newton: ) . *Steve dies + dead “Anne be bom in June. was “the train arrives 10 minutes later. airrived y Boubletted 2V¥iCons. ible (ed). =N6 double+(ed) robbed Looked Pmitted Gained topped ‘Rained _ TM ayil. Stressed -, =Nodoublé+(ed) Listened — it Two 2" syll. Stressed > Doublet(ed).”Q/Neg. ; -YES/NO QUES, EX.1: He played tennis. (yes/no) Did he play tennis? The rule: Did+sub.+main verb(inf.)+....2 EX.2: He saw me, Did he see me? Ex.3: I was ill Was 1 ill? Ruling out; Was/Weretsub+....? Ex.4: Gehad was at the university. Was Gehad at the university? QUES.; The rule: Wh.+did+sub-+main verb(inf)+..:.9 “Ex.1: He played well, What did he do well? 5 Who played well? > How did he play? » Ruling out; Wh.twashveret sub... : - Ex.2: Iwas ill, How were you? 2 . oa : Cow did you feel?..- * . Negative: - Ex.]: I studied hard—+ J didn’t study hard: Ex.2: They had an exam—» They didn’t have an exam, The rule: sub-+did not+main verb(inf)+......... Ex.3: They were here_, They weren't here, _ The rule: Conteetion: dead.‘ a ee a woe The reason: becatisé it’s an action which happened at particular timé ii the past." ” Shakespeare he a great writer, : '” Correction: was” te eee The reason: because it’s an action which happened at particular time in the past.The rules for making questions: ** For a yes-no question: Auxiliary (used as the question word. The aux. will be according to the tense of the sentence that will be turned into question)+subject+ main verb in the inf. essenee? *N.B.” the main verb is used as the question word if the main verb is verb (be) {seee.g.2&385 &6 } ****e.8, on present simple--- 1-Do you speak English well? 2. ‘Are they from America? 3-' Is she good at.English ? 4-Does she like swimming? eet ‘on past simple ~ “.5-Was she late that mornirig? ‘6: Were they happy at the party? “7-Did you'go to the cinema last night? . On present progressive - “: 8/Are they going to the cinéma-tonight?*who.... For people Ahmad broke that vase / who broke that vase? *whose....for people’s possession It’s our house / whose house is this? Ccaneaner ss ba“What ~for asking about something "bought a ball What did you buy? “When ..... for time ‘went to the cinema last night/ When did you go to the cinema? *Why...., for reason ' didn’t go to school because i wa il 7. Why didn’t you go to school? “where... for place | come from France. /, Where do you com from? Aliishere. / Where is Ali “tN. By here the migin verb is[ be] and So.itis used after the wh: question word) *How....about a method, a price , a state, etc 'g0 to school on foot. / How do you go to school? [method] The dress cost me 100 L.E. / How much did it cost you 2 [ price] Anna wasn’t well this morning 7) How was’Anna'this mornifig? [state] (N. B. here [be] main verb, so used after wh’ Quéstion word) *how many..for asking about number of things/people How many:books do you have? ” How many people did you see at the party?The Rightly-Guided Caliphs Piety (n) [The Word Synonym Meaning Subject(v) Expose=afflict with eas Accompany (v) Escort aay Handful (adj) Few ery Uprightness (n) Outspokenness=integrity | Uli1 Compassion (n) Kindness #eruelty “. “[Gike Devotion (n) Love val Sagacity (n) Wisdom Unassuming (adj) Modest #snobbish Humility (a) Mod Contribution (7 Achievement Notable > clear Generous(adj) #méan Appointed (adj)# chosen=elected ‘Truth#f falsehood ‘The Word For the cause of Islam eal Belongings=pioperties_~ A nay | Road-side inns | | Canal _ = | Departments (n) _| j Austerity (p) ats Distinction (n) meee : Sound judgement ~ ase gly ay Public revenues ers : Noun Verb * Adjective’. "| Meaning Completion — -~ | Complete Complete “ets ~ [Expansion Expand eae as ¢Access Access Accessible A dpe Sy) Contribution | Contribute Contributory [aa Austerity Austere aay ‘| Authority ‘Authorize Authoritative | aie er ‘Subjection Subject Subjected fess Devotion Devote Devoted. vaso S Word Antonym by adding prefix or suffix | fair Unfair Accessible Tnaccessible Complete Incomplete Assuming Unassuming —Second Year-English for Department of Usul Islamic THE RIGHTLY-GUIDED CALIPHS | 2 KHULAF A u! rigin of ‘Abu Bakr Omar Ibn El Uthman Ibn Affan, Ali Ibn Ab rd catiph . -Before Islam Khattab ‘Ascetic Talib . After Islam “Before caliphate -Major contribution(s)- - Ascetic 1. Title and why -After caliphate -Navy e -Bravery 2. Money for Islam 1, Vast civilized -Generosity 3. Beside the prophet 2. Islamic state Origin of word caliph: What is the Origin of word caliph? ~The word caliph is originally derived from the Arabic word “Khalifa”, which means successor (j=¥) of the prophet: Abu Bakr: > Before. Islam: What was Abu Bakr known for before Islam? bene -He.was a wealthy merchant (i 35), respected in Mecca for his uy his upright character (Acsiall After Islam: 1, tle and why: Why did the prophet call him “Al-Siddiq”? . ~Because he was among the first adopt Islam (ea et 44 Jsi gw Oa) and always believed the prophet, 2. Money for Islam: He always.spent his money for thé causé of Islam. Discuss. -He freed salved (2#!1_) >) and helped persecuted Muslims 2d Muslims (sgh uta! ‘before the-immigratior and once he donated fe. 28) all his money for defense - elbsll) of Medina ‘afler immigration. __3, Beside the prophet: | _ How was Abu Bakr always beside the prophet? -He accompanied (S52) the prophet in, the immigration to Medina. He was always beside the ed in all battles too.What was Omar’s title? -The prophet called him “Al-Faroug” which means the separator (5 yia)!) of truth from falsehood. Why? -Because he was always fair with’ all people and could always distinguish between (O» G8) right and wrong. 2, Character: twas Omar’s cha own for) before caliphate? at _wa: -He was known for his integrity of character (ici (liad) |, sound judgment (2.1 441) and great devotion to the prophet (c1ill Ao s)/ata), After caliphate: (MPORTANT)- v Omar established a vast civilized Islamic state. How? = Discuss. 1. Vast: (Altus) : -He expanded the Islamic invasion. (42.0) obs, sil 4 as) to include Egypt; © Palestine, Iraq and Tran: : . “> 2, Civilized: (sasilygiatly | . “He established (.#\) departments (42130) for major services (satel cites) and established infrastructure (434 432) (new roads, canals,....etc) and. © « achieved social welfare (xia! ali) by building roadside : inns (dans os} Cais 2SUN), gave provision (044) and mohey to the poor from public funds (stab 43) jst)” *He was a perfectly fair ruler (Js\e Sx) always accessible to the people and insisted (s+V/ >--l) his governors ( ja2e¥! 5Y 5) should do the same.man Ibn Affan > Ascetic: (J!) What is the general image we have about Uthman? Uthman was known for asceticism (an ascetic man), Discuss, |, He always spent part of the night praying and reciting (Ji) the Holy Qur'an, 2. He used to fast every other day (e529 22). 3, He performied pilgrimage (21!) every year. 4, He always spent his money in charity (355) 4, s/colda.o) 5. He was known for his modesty (Aan! 35), integrity (att), generosity (4+)....etc. > Major contribution(s): (owuys oe) (IMPORTANT) What was Uthman’s most important (Major) contribution(s)? 1. His compilation of a complete and authoritative text of the Qur’an and giving a copy for each government, JS! aie 45s cbc} dis 3 illy WalS oi jill Anan’ ay = ished the Islamic navy? * -Uthman expanded thé Islamic invasion to the north, east, and west and was the first to establish an Islamic navy. Ali Ibn Abi Talib What was Ali known for? - > Ascetic: (3!) fought in alt battles Js i” “> Generosity: (45) ° . -He'was known for his reat generosity So he-and his! a (Sx dsl) lived simple, Clie 2) and Austere | is). lives even after caliphate. 5 iSecond Year— English for Department of Usul Grammar Comparative and superlative: A-Comparative 1-Usage:plasiut To compare between (wo things or.two people Gmc st alt Gy tid» ¢-g. for two’ things: This chair is more comfortable than-this sofa AS 39) Sh 4 8h ges Qu Nn €.8-for tovo people: Tom is taller than his brother. DANO Ys is ase 2-formiation: 0235 ‘ *Add (er) to adjectives of one svllabieo or-tws syllabl : Oy) 9 pets ons oe Wants ghee cis gillctinal (er) . e.g. for 1 syllable adj: a tall-taller short- shorter’ thin- thinner N.B. if 1 syllable adjective ends with 1 vowel+ 1 consonant as in (thin), double oe) final | egasonant (thinner) | ay 4a td ay gt lsh wind egies oe psc ah jal) Sra Sls a€.g, for 2 syllable adj. ending with “Y" happy- happier pretty- prettier N.B. change the (y) into (i) and add (er) hal 2 (i) GM Lelead (y) oF eofilly Gable Gye Aina 36 Ulla Gf (er) **Add (mre) to adjectives consisting of two or more syllables A Ohba Gt at 6 Ue 45 (more) sal €.g, of two syllable adjectives : . helpful- more helpful __serious- more serious e.g. for adjectives of more than 2 syllables: Gifficult- more difficult - beautiful- more beautiful **tadjectives ending wth; “ow”, “er” “y” ~could take (er) or (more) . 7 (more) © si(er) BE See “ow, Her? | Wy “Gaal gill All call Narrew- narrower /or/ more narrow - Clever ~ cleverer:. /or/ more clever Happy- happier”/ar/more happy Isokiteenene ita aie B- Superlative: 1-Usagerp!isiu} To compare 1 item or person fo a group of things or people - Att de send Gadd 9) stat Re yaad igh Gf * e.g. I thing to a group of things : This villa is the most expensive of all. COLA AL Ga MEI Shall on 8.1 person to a group of people: Peter isthe richest one in the family. Aa aa oP hire _ 2-formation: us. *Add (the)+ (est) to adjectives of one syllable or two oles can. . with (y) fi 9 gan i Ad Galeg. for 1 syllable adj: {alls the tallest short-the shortest. thin-the thinnest N.B. if 1 syllable adjective ends with 1 vowel+ I Consonant as in (thin), double the final consonant (thinnest) . 4a Dyas “Sls aay fi sol gl abba Gi Aisall gS Ute 3 SY) OSLud) Gall acta’ ost daly Gyn 8: for 2 syllable adj, ending with “Y™ > °°. happy- the happiest > Pretty- the’prettiest, NB. change the (y) into (i) and.add (est) Hel ad (f) oll sad (yy tly Ganlle Gyo Ball G36 Ma : . (est). **Add (the)+(most) to adjective’ consisting of two or more syllables- PSG Ciel ye G56 TLE yo Dy A(the)+{most) Ciaai - €-8; of two syllable adjectives : © - eee helpful- the most helpful serious: the most serious €.g. for adjectives‘of more than 2 syllables: - . difficult- the most difficult heautiful- the most beautiful ***adjectives ending with : ow", “er”, “y> cout take (the test) or: (the most) si(the test) 4 hee “ow, Mer? Ky iy No G35 (A Cline) (the most) Narrow- the narrowest /or/ the most narrow ot Clever - the cleverest /or/ the-most clever. 56 : Happy- the happiest */or/ the most happy. - eel .N.B. irregulars adjective _ comparative superlative ood Haeneee | better The best bad | worse The worst few fewer ‘The fewest Farther/further The farthest/the _ furthest little less The leasta, on _ Muslim Festivals C4) {What is the meaning of the word “eia™ . . faze AS inal The word eid originally comes from Arabic, meaninig a recurring happiness or festivity. PS Olah Ni Sie gin pl al a ea Ka ye 6 2-How were cids prescribed ?why(= low should Muslims celebrate eid2)? Tow were eids prescribed? !4uev) yah us How: When the Prophet arrived at Medina, he-found them celebrating ‘many festivals, so he abolished these pagan festivals and tld them that God preseribed for them orily 2 eids:eid-ulfitr on the fet of Shawwal and ‘wl-adha-on the10” of Dhul—Hijjah, oY Soe le Jia a8 8 15S uel yay phan y Manel I cll ae y Lise 6 MS ONE Oe DMN 8 SL Se a i Ga cfu Sail ob Gedidl jsh, S . Read 53 Ge aka wet » “When does eid-ul-fitr oceur?=shien do Mustims celebrate eid-ul- Ait? CU Sy Cpl iy ot dl ea yg on the first of Shawwal ; *When does eid-ul-adha occur? = adha? 290 sey Oy galisal Jiiay ie om the10" of Dhul—Hijjah. oe when do Muslims celebrate eid-ul- feel se 6 fe a ia Why/ How should Muslims...: tas ¢ ysl dita g Gg Casi this means that eids are‘occasions of thanksgiving and rejoicing forall “Muslims because of coinpleting 2 mijoracts of worship—fasting and hajj. So, they arent occasions for frivolity or extravaginge. Hence, éach’eid -_ begins wth & congregational prayer to enhance the sprit of forgiveness andNL Gye yl JU E ’ 7 7 ay aly Gt ou Crea IS cle yall Sc Glade Se oF Yay Awe sh fala catia yn Legh aly yall Lea 4S abil Ded cabal ¢ 5 y jp pride Leal Seay ue US 3 Describe id prayers, = How do we perform eid prayers? of asl shee cy alae a5y Small SDLe Che id prayers are always performed in congregation. They consist of 2 rakats with 12 additional takbirs and followed by a sermon in (wo pars. In eid-ul- fitr the imam stresses the duty of zakat el-fitr and in eid-ul-adhia the imam stresses the duty of sacrifice for thosewho can afford it and that the meat of the sacrifice. must be. divided into three thirds: one for the family, one for fiends, relatives, ete and oie for the poor SA LN Lil AS 5 Caja. gle pL op rel jal BE I ged le 5 tee Gy pal . lil ej Gad ole AVL, olBLo c jm 9 3 * What does the imiam stress in the sermon of eid-ul-fitr? Tl ae dak yf pa aie ie ee gue aalefitr fhe finan’ stresses the duity of zakat el-t fitr. “In the sermon of’ ai + Wha does'the imam stress in the Serinoin of eid-l-adha? fees ae Labs 8 el Sy pale | Inthe sermon of eid-ul-adha the imam stresses the duty of sacrifice for thoie who can’ afford it'and that the stat of the Sacrifice must be divided © into three thirds: one for the family, one for ‘rend, relatives, ete and one for, the poor: . *How is the’ sacri aiviaed Fagsaah pases - one forthe anil, one for se sacifige must be dividedinto three th "friends, relatives, ete and one for the votVocabulary: | The word | Synonym, ~. [Meaning - Recurring (adj) Repeating Jia | Celebrate (v) Rejoice | Discipline (n) Orderliness Piety (n) Devotion Collective (adj) Collaborative : =congregational Command (n) Order . {Sermon (n) Speech s - [Household (a) family _ Sacrifice (v) Slaughter Distribute (v) Give out Grudge (a) Spite Almsgiving (n) Charity -| Extravagance (n). - Exaggeration Frivolity(n) : Noun. =. [Verb fAg yt Obligation gs! [Oblige - "| Obligatory "_j #opfional 58 Congregation | Congregate | Congregational . | # individgal Sacrifice Sactifice . | Sacrificial. - a: Prescription o@# | Prescribe Preseribed ves_ possible= I’m not sure: Grammar: Modals (must havens to, can/eould, may/might, should/ought (0, mustn't) —all mer ') —all mere READING except for shouldought to- STUDYING SHINE, Set A Background: He was bom in Tunis in 1332 to a noble and wealthy family (4 5 4hs te), Partly involved in politics (asad) tsi cilijs tb S44) and partly (859) involved (1483) in scholarly learning (---Si4l psleill), but they retired fror Politics (M-\s4 1 ¥¢1) upon Ibn Khaldoun’s birth (Go38 Os Jy 32). > Education: His education was Privately done, some by his father. He leamed Arabic, Qur'an, Hadith, Poetry, and Law > Poli When did Ibn Khaldoun started his political career? - “He started his political careér at the ae 19 ‘What was Ibn Khaldoun’s first political position? -He was under the Hafsid state.as seal bearer (_Sla SSM Sat Real! GAAS (the one who tales the mark of royal approval on official correspondence) (eats MDL ASL 4 yall LE CES gl What was its significance (yisial)? ; . -This made him privy to the state’s secrets. (Uys) jl ui cole Lalas ales Ha) Why he was privy the state’s secrets? -Because he was son-in-law to the army commander (v2 sll 8 X41 z 2 and - be was @ seal bearer.Vocabulary Vocabulary (N.B. the words of Voc. SREIVTESEH are used in: 1- translation from English to Arabic 2-If the synonym {= Oi) Jor/ adjective asked about them 43144} for/ antonym {# 344} for / noun{e=) Jor! verb{ (Sa) for/ adverb Jah is given, the student can be - Put the word in an English senten ce( the sentence must be grammatically correct and meaningtul) ) : Ibn Khaldoun Word ~ Synonym = Arabic meaning - : of Original word A RASS cya pat) cyl Aa expatriate Emigré ae Soe The Plague ~ Black Death ~ Orage} regime, fs] Reign= rule eS pls [training apprenticeship Tae) es cas Courtly.treachery_ [High treason [Ga liberate | Release= free Amprison= jail =P. Privy to Confidential G5 [Public gle vay various Several= sundry | Same=similar mney | Seine Coincide with Concur with” [Differ with GES: a de Accession to the Become king ode throne : rs : 2 fortune © a ” | Misfortune Ep Retire.to | -* Withdraw ta”Islamic art is all embracing 535 cs) Juma ALS because it is influenced by many traditions from pre-Islamic Arabian tradition, to that vegetative India and central Asia. It is all powerful iil glial {s8 because Muslim artists always excelled themselves whether their art was used for religious or worldly purposes. Sesh on 5s Gl las Fahealy easy cl eal Go y86l ULE DL! cl AB Rak) oF ye y hia Lal 5 sgl Ash) Rea a Gay patie aad IS ol pu pquil ule G8 sli LS 4-What were the Omayyad caliphs famous for ? haad gi elds gl Ly ‘The Omayyad caliphs were decorated with marble Minya. wat AUS a sede Ale Ss ah pail lis Gyns Lal gu cll lS is g' a great builders of palaces which were richly Paneling and mosaics as in Al-walid’s palace at 5: True! Fase? 74 ofthe book. : . eT 5 2-R—AL-Walid built ihe Great Mosaue at Damascus To ae PAR ea sc a LL egal OL Ah : Meeeettet i eteseceee etree Jerusalem: An Old Arab City founded by the Arab Canaanite tribe of Jebusites N. B. These questions'*may. come as wh. “questions, yess ho questions, True or false questions 5 AO 1-What is the relation betwee Jerisalena and Palestine ° Tf Gulaudld 5 Qa GDS 5 - . The history'of Jerusalem is inseparable fromthe deeply Footed Kistory of -. Palestine, eJongatanding for about 6:thousand years.”econd Year— fp, lish for Department of Usul Grammar Present Perfect: Ac Usage: shai) ; - + An action which sited inthe past ands i going on in the present, PANN Gd in Dy gla yng ©-8: "I (work) here all my ite, Theve worked here all my lifeKey words: : all my life she dish Us ce, ul. ee MUN) “They always (live) here. It has always been their home ~ They've always lived htere~ thas always ‘been their ‘homre’ arkey visrds: always It has always | been their-home. 1 pe luis; Lata tye al mel eae ee > Inigth **"She (stay) in London fot 10years now. ; ae She has stayed in London for 10 years now. Key words: for 10 years now OVI SL 10 Sie Gad gd Ud ga + yumi), OT ean * ##9FFe (go Jor.a diet for a month so far. He bas gone on-a diet for a ‘month so far. ke)They have not been here, She has not been here, MM MAE “Exercises I-My parents Tecently move to this flat. They like it a lot. (Find and correct the mistake) : 21 (finish) my homew ork yet. (Correct the verb and give reason for the correction you make) 3-Lhave heard hey Voice. Itis the best, (Change into negative) 4-She has gone to Sweden, (Change into wh- question) 5-They have Owned this. farm for generations up'to the preseat’ (Change inta yes: fo-question) : aes : jjTlas he ever been to Trance? FMS i LF I Gd MN --key word: ever **He (be) never to France He has never been to France, ad Lad oll candy ~-key word: never TTT LLL B- Formation: gu ssa) Subjectt have/hast main verb (past participle). TLL C-Question & negative pills Jljcd} Yes-no question: have/has +subject+ main verb (past participle)+..2 Have yoit been here? : : : . wate " Ha she been here? aa pe + JHE Wh-question Wh. Question word+ have/hast subjectt main verb (past participle) Where have you been? i Where has she been? © os : - oe 5 ami. “Negatives. ee P| cd “Subject have/has not+ subject? main verb (past participle) +2+ An action which has ended in the recent past but its effect is still seen in the present, PAIN oh Selby BT Gu a cal i il ne eg..*Tim (lose) his keys, He is still looking for them. Tim has lost his keys. He is still looking for them. —key words: He is still looking for them. (4 Cy V3 Asi a mun “*I (break) my leg. I cannot play football. ve broken iny leg: enntot play foctball~-key' words: I éannot play football AMES lO ag ae : unin: : - very (rain) over ni ent, so.the ground is still wet, * Ithas rained overnight, so. 0 ihe’ ground i is.stil-wet. eorkey words: the ‘Bround i is still ‘wet, a : + : ~ haa Gans IY al aS Ste aga = TRUE Pm not hungry. I just (have) lunch I’m not hungry. I’ve just had lunch. —key words: I’m not ey Uses el ai Lala Cad : ameuionioommAe GING cl Sal al eybal soe Jenin Gull 5 2-What does Jerusalem symbolize?! cull al) ja ile Itrepresents a symbol of sacredness ‘uss Jey Sis Gull 3-What isthe previous name of Palestine 2° call yall pul lS Ite Tewas the land of Canaan, (hes c=) tau! gIS 4 Why does Jerusalem hold a religious significance forall believers in heavenly religions? tiy,Ui clip Jo Ss Saal lL Jerusalem holds a religious significance for all believers in heavenly religions because it was the home for all prophets and heavenly religions. Ashe VL IS age y els Gun Ya 4 Lal call JSS )9 Ayan Gaal ‘Vocabulary : Vocabulary (N.B..the words of Voc. BREWERY from English.to Arabic... 2-If the synonym {= Gal} for/ antonym {# 24} /or /noun{e¥)} /or/ _verb{ ill) lor! adjective: {Aiall). for/-adyerb{ tas}, is given, thé student can be y are used in: 1- translation + asked about.them’ = .-" s 3-Put the word:in an Baglish’sentenice( the senténce must be grammatically correct and meaningful) ) cat “|The word * Arabic meaning | The synonym or | Long-standing Sr _| meaning is given in the Attribute lesson Judaism p: 6-7 _ [Christianity . Significance : e sacredness .”it Sus Ul St Ae All eB SLL _ > 5 Where is islamic art reveateg Atits best? Ue OLY! call yb oy Islam influenced art and art pieces of all sizes, whether ‘medium as in tapestries or Stnall as in glass and metal at its best in architecture, whether used for religious Rock mosque or for Worldly purposes as in Al- USA ey cl PH eld GOLLY Gil jaa large'as in architecture, work. Islamic art is revealed Purposes as ini the Dome of the Hamra Palace in Granada, SHS al pe aban Yl UK Ge gill Jue, a ggle pee FSAI Cla eel BUSS ye cs yal cea BUS (0 oa I La DS el pur anal PS AUS 5 sag 2: Whatis the difference between Islamic art and western art? Sill wily adv - . Did Islamic art imitate western art? Why? 15d fj ll SLY a a a = What is Islainic decorative art based on? ¢ SLY oh gay HL She Islamic art is simple and natural beeau ¢it-was based on! the nomads’ sil! moving around in nature , as seen in arabesque, intertwined bands, etc decorating the walls 's westem art is sophisticated Sic -and intellectual ke because it is based on settlement 4-91 Fit 9 esl NS gS se Sal gS A I ge Yaa ny pol wil) agit OY ple sine i ll Le pal y gL iho ug coll aga La haiuy! 3: Islamic atl ig all embracing, all powerful, Discuss, = All ig Ptbet ij Weds yA laa What.were the majot.influencés on Islanttc art? < 31 + SU Ja tay a Middl se :Fakeneay Supematural ~Toceaie ei De theology Tig oo ah TT alee oT ee Le Ata kai Ss ratification oe obscure ™ ans scholarship = Eventful we Official ey correspondence Successor Premises ~ (Uneeasing TR SuEgypt: . He reached Alexandria during the festival of the Mamluk Sultan’s accession to the throne. . AD Shel ball Juan DE Heo, >» Education: He went to Cairo, where he taught at Al-Azhar and was surounded by many followers of great scholars EASY! GLa oye gyaally bla), > Political: . - ae ce What was Ibn Khaldoun’s Political position in Egypt? : -He was appointed as a Supreme judge (aaill (18) of the Maliki Sect (4S) ssl) for 3 times and died in 1406 soon after his 4" appointment to the post. ;Fez: (in Moracca) He didn’t like his background and | > Education He logic (3 ‘ 4 ne seared logic (54, Philosophy (Aid), Theology (sis! ae, Fee once ( Educati cee / - He left’ Granada for ah expedition @sSu1 Us ) i central Africawhere he - stayed in a,shring-(7o o/s! yn }for.4 years, writing his famotis-book. + ‘Mugadimma.(Muk: wen ae “-UMPORTANT) rain contribution is in the fielded of Sociology. . coe 1) (plain Yh ale ne GF CAS gy AIS Syl Cul jal