c. No. Probability cannot be greater than 1. The probability c.

No, because there are other possibilities, such as three

that the game, if put on the market, will be successful is women and one man.
65/80, or .8125. 225
d. Cannot be less than 0. Perhaps a mistake in arithmetic. 5–7 a. P(B2 ) = = .45
500
e. More than half of the players testing the game liked it. (Of b. The two events are mutually exclusive, so apply the special
course, other answers are possible.) rule of addition.
4 queens in deck 4 100 225
5–2 1. = = .0769 Classical. P(B1 or B2 ) = P(B1 ) + P(B2 ) = + = .65
52 cards total 52 500 500
182 c. The two events are not mutually exclusive, so apply the
2. = .338 Empirical. general rule of addition.
539
3. The probability of the outcome is estimated by applying the P(B1 or A1 ) = P(B1 ) + P(A1 ) − P(B1 and A1 )
subjective approach to estimating a probability. If you think 100 75 15
that it is likely that you will save $1 million, then your prob- = + − = .32
500 500 500
ability should be between .5 and 1.0. d. As shown in the example/solution, movies attended per
(50 + 68) month and age are not independent, so apply the general
5–3 a. i. = .059 rule of multiplication.
2,000
302 P(B1 and A1 ) = P(B1 )P(A1 ∣ B1 )
ii. 1 − = .849
=(
500 )( 100 )
2,000 100 15
= .03
b.
80
5–8 a. P(visited often) = = .41
195
90
b. P(visited a store in an enclosed mall) = = .46
B E 195
c. The two events are not mutually exclusive, so apply the
general rule of addition.
P(visited often or visited a Sears in an enclosed mall)
= P(often) + P(enclosed mall) − P(often and enclosed mall)
80 90 60
= + − = .56
195 195 195
d. P(visited often*|*went to a Sears in an enclosed mall)
60
= = .67
D 90
e. Independence requires that P(A*|*B) = P(A). One possibility
is: P(visit often*|*visited an enclosed mall) = P(visit often).
Does 60/90 = 80/195? No, the two variables are not inde-
∼D pendent. Therefore, any joint probability in the table must
be computed by using the general rule of multiplication.
c. They are not complementary, but are mutually exclusive. f. As shown in part (e), visits often and enclosed mall are not
independent, so apply the general rule of multiplication.
5–4 a. Need for corrective shoes is event A. Need for major dental
work is event B. P(often and enclosed mall) = P(often)P(enclosed ∣ often)
=(
195 )( 80 )
80 60
P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A and B) = .31
= .08 + .15 − .03
g.
= .20 60 /
.31
90
b. One possibility is: Often
25
/90
90
/195 .13
Visits Occasional
B Both A
.15 .08 yes 5/
90
.03
.03
Never
Enclosed 20/
105
.10
no Often
5–5 (.95)(.95)(.95)(.95) = .8145
105 /
5–6 a. .002, found by: 195 35
/105
( 12 )( 11 )( 10 )( 9 ) = 11,880 = .002
4 3 2 1 24 .18
Visits Occasional
b. .14, found by: 50/
105

( 12 )( 11 )( 10 )( 9 ) = 11,880 = .1414
8 7 6 5 1,680 .25
Never

572