78111340.I Percentage Calculations Solutions USA

Percentage Calculations
Percentage
Calculations
Solutions
Curriculum Ready
www.mathletics.com
How does it work? Solutions Percentage Calculations
Page 3 questions
Fractions and percentages
1 a 3 = 3 % b 41 = 41 % c 110 = 110 % d 200 = 200 %

100 100 100 100
7 89 117 336
2 a 7% = b 89% = c 117% = d 336% =
100 100 100 100
20 1 15 3 80 4
3 a 20% = = b 15% = = c 80% = =
100 5 100 20 100 5
Simplified Simplified Simplified
24 6 42 21 96 24
d 24% = = e 42% = = f 96% = =
100 25 100 50 100 25
125 5 180 9 350 7

g 125% = = h 180% = = i 350% = =
100 4 100 5 100 2
improper improper improper
24 ' 3 48 ' 2 175 ' 5

4 a 24 = b 48 = c 175 =
300 200 500
300 ' 3 200 ' 2 500 ' 5
8 24 35
= = =
100 100 100
= 8 % = 24 % = 35 %
Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 1

Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning SERIES TOPIC
Page 4 questions
3# 10 12 # 4 6# 20
5 a 3 = b 12 = c 6 =
10 25 5
10 # 10 25 # 4 5# 20
30 48 120
= = =
100 100 100
= 30 % = 48 % = 120 %
7 # 50 9 # 25 7 # 20
6 a 3 1 = b 2 1 = c 1 2 =
2 4 5
2 # 50 4 # 25 5 # 20
350 225 140

= = =
100 100 100
= 350 % = 225 % = 140 %
7 a 1 = 50 % b 1 = 20 % c 8 = 32 %
2 5 25
d 13 = 26 % e 5 = 250 % f 15 = 75 %
50 2 20
12 15
8 a 2 2 = = 240 % b 3 3 = = 375 %
5 4
5 4
27 109
c 1 7 = = 135 % d 4 9 = = 436 %
20 25
20 25
2 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

SERIES TOPIC Mathletics Passport © 3P Learning
Page 5 questions
2.6 3 3.75 3
9 a 13 = = 2.6 % = 2 % b 30 = = 3.75 % = 3 %
500 800
100 5 100 4
Decimal Mixed number Decimal Mixed number
4.25 1 5.2 1
c 17 = = 4.25 % = 4 % d 26 = = 5.2 % = 5 %
400 500
100 4 100 5
9.4 2 10.5 1
e 47 = = 9.4 % = 9 % f 42 = = 10.5 % = 10 %
500 400
100 5 100 2
1.5 3 1.4 7
10 a 3 = = 1.5 %= % b 7 = = 1.4 %= %
200 500
100 2 100 5
Decimal Improper fraction Decimal Improper fraction
1.125 9 1.2 5
c 9 = = 1.125 % = % d 9 = = 1.2 %= %
800 750
100 8 100 4
Decimal Improper fraction Decimal Improper fraction

Page 7 questions
Decimals and percentages
1 a 15% = 0.15 b 20% = 0.20 c 4% = 0.04 d 9% = 0.09
e 125% = 1 . 2 5 f 250% = 2.50 g 110% = 1.10 h 305% = 3.05
2 a 0.03 = 3 % b 0.16 = 16 % c 1.12 = 112 % d 2.45 = 245 %
e 0.125 = 12.5 % f 0.253 = 25.3 % g 0.018 = 1.8 % h 0.2225 = 22.25 %
3 a 0.015 = 1.5 % b 0.185 = 18.5 % c 0.012 = 1.2 % d 0.458 = 45.8 %

Decimal Decimal Decimal Decimal
3 1 6 4
= % = 18 % = % = 45 %
2 2 5 5
Improper fraction Mixed number Improper fraction Mixed number
11 31 9 109
4 a 155% = 1.55 = 1 = b 218% = 2.18 = 2 =
20 20 50 50
Decimal Mixed number Improper Decimal Mixed number Improper
fraction fraction
1 201 51 551
c 100.5% = 1.005 = 1 = d 220.4% = 2.204 = 2 =
200 200 250 250
fraction fraction
94 469 129 629

e 375.20% = 3.752 = 3 = f 125.8% = 1.258 = 1 =
125 125 500 500
fraction fraction

Page 8 questions
Decimals and percentages
5 a Simplified fraction = 1 b Mixed number form = 5 1 %

4 2
Decimal = 0.25 Improper fraction form = 11 %
2
Simplified fraction = 11
200
Decimal = 0.055
c Improper fraction form = 19 % d Improper fraction form = 17 %

4 8
Decimal form = 4.75% Decimal form = 2.125%
Simplified fraction = 19 Simplified fraction = 17

400 800
Decimal = 0.0475 Decimal = 0.02125
e Mixed number form = 112 1 % f Mixed number form = 237 1 %

2 5
Improper fraction form = 225 % Improper fraction form = 1186 %
2 5
Simplified mixed number = 1 1 Simplified mixed number = 2 93
8 250
g Mixed number form = 17 1 % h Decimal form = 7.1875%

4
4 16
Simplified fraction = 69 Simplified fraction = 23
400 320
i Mixed number form = 2 3 % j Decimal form = 100.625%

8
8 8
Simplified fraction = 19 Simplified mixed number = 1 1
800 160

Page 10 questions
Repeating decimals and percentages
1 5 7 1
1 a o =
0.1% % b o =
0.5% % c o =
0.07% % d 0.06o % = %
9 9 90 15
1 3 2 3 8 7
2 a 0.13o % = + %= % b 0.38o % = + %= %
10 90 15 10 90 18
8 3 1 5 7 13
c 0.083o = + %= % d 0.057o % = + %= %
100 900 12 100 900 225
3 a 23 1 % = 23.3o % = 0.23o b 14 4 % = 14.4o % = 0.14o

3 9
Decimal form Equivalent decimal Decimal form Equivalent decimal
7 13
= =
30 90
Fraction Fraction
c 51 % = 5.1o % = 0.051o d 92 % = 9.6o % = 0.096o

9 3
Decimal form Equivalent decimal Decimal form Equivalent decimal
23 29
= =
450 300
Fraction Fraction

Page 11 questions
Repeating decimals and percentages
4 0.209o
0.021o 30 1 %
3
21 % 91
9 1 300
900 0.001o
11
300
187
0.207o
900
20 1 % 91
9 300
7.6o % 0.054o 0.05o
49 54%
900 9
4
75
32 % 0.036o
3
23
300 5.5o %
5
0.076o 90
1%
9
51 % 0.053o
3
19
0.303o 20 7 % 900
9

Page 12 questions
Recurring decimals and percentages
5 a 8 = 8 ' 11 b 19 = 19 ' 12
11 12
= o o
0.72 Repeating decimal = 1.583o Repeating decimal
= o o
0.72 # 100 % = 1.583o # 100 %
= 72.7 % = 158.3 %
Equivalent percentage to 1 d.p. Equivalent percentage to 1 d.p.
c 5 = 0.83o d 2 = 0.13o e 5 = 0.27o

6 15 18
Repeating decimal Repeating decimal Repeating decimal
= 83.3 % = 13.3 % = 27.8 %
Percentage to 1 d.p. Percentage to 1 d.p. Percentage to 1 d.p.
f 9 = o o
0.409 g 7 = 0.583o h 13 = oo
0.37
22 12 33
= 40.9 % = 58.3 % = 39.4 %

i 12 = o o
1.09 j 17 = 1.13o k 16 = 1.3o
11 15 12
= 109.1 % = 113.3 % = 133.3 %


Page 14 questions
Complementary percentages
1 a 10% b 25% c 55%

Complement = 90 % Complement = 75 % Complement = 45 %
d 37% e 2% f 99%
Complement = 63 % Complement = 98 % Complement = 1 %
2 a 0.4 b 0.8 c 0.75

Complement = 0.6 Complement = 0.2 Complement = 0.25
d 0.65 e 0.32 f 0.07

Complement = 0.35 Complement = 0.68 Complement = 0.93
g 0.6o h 0.8o i 0.14o

Complement = 0.3o Complement = 0.1o Complement = 0.85o
3 a 1 b 3 c 4
3 2 4 1 5 1
Complement = Complement = Complement =
3 4 5
d 1 e 7 f 13
2 1 10 3 25 12
Complement = Complement = Complement =
2 10 25
4 a 65.5% b 0.5% c 12.75%

Complement = 34.5 % Complement = 99.5 % Complement = 87.25 %
d 30.15% e 73.12% f 90.99%

Complement = 68.85 % Complement = 26.88 % Complement = 9.01 %
g 22 1 % h 90 5 % i 3 %
5 6 20
Complement = 77 4 % Complement = 91 % Complement = 99 17 %
5 6 20

Where does it work? Solutions Percentage Calculations
Page 16 questions
Percentages of an amount
15 28
1 a 15% of 40 = # 40 b 28% of 75 = # 75
100 100
= 6 = 21
c 65% of 60 = 65 # 100 # 60 d 22.5% of 280 = 22.5 ' 100 # 280
= 0.65 # 60 = 0.225 # 280
= 39 = 63
2 a 20 # 65 = 0.2 # 65 b 60 # 35 = 0.6 # 35 c 22 # 25 = 0.22 # 25

100 100 100
= 13 = 21 = 5.5
d 15 e 67.5 # 48 = 0.675 # 48 f 34.5 # 14

# 30 = 0.15 # 30 = 0.345 # 14
100 100 100
= 4.5 = 32.4 = 4.83
g 125 # 12 = 1.25 # 12 h 220 # 40 = 2.20 # 40

100 100
= 15 = 88
i 150 # 15 = 1.5 # 315 j 175 # 79 = 1.75 # 79

100 100
= 22.5 = 138.25

Page 17 questions
3 a b c
= 50 % = 25 % = 60 %
d e f
= 30 % = 33.3o % = 62.5 %
g h i
= 250 % = 120 % = 375 %
4 a 50% b 20% c 25%
d 75% e 30% f 65%
5 a 0.75 b 0.25 c 0.3o d 0.583o
6 a 90% b 25% c 35% d 49%

Page 18 questions
6 a 40% chose vegetarian course. ` 40 # 95 = 38

100
` 38 of the diners chose the vegetarian course.
b 30% of the time was in meetings. ` 30 # 8 = 2.4 hours

100
` Mitch spent 2 hours and 24 minutes in meetings.
c 15.5% of the tickets still available. ` 15.5 # 12 800 = 1984 tickets

100
` There are 1984 tickets available after 1 hour.
d 42% of the time was right paddle. ` 42 # 3650 = 1533

100
` The right paddle entered the water 1533 times.
7 40% of 75 40 # 75 = 30
100
75% of 40 75 # 40 = 30
100
This is true for all percentage calculations because both are the same calculation and are examples
of the commutative law ^a # b = b # ah .
40% of 75 = 40 # 75 =
40 #
75 = 40 # 75 = 75 # 40 = 75 #
40 = 75 # 40 = 75% of 40
100 100 1 100 100 100 1 100
Page 19 questions
8 25% of the 64GB left. ` 25 # 64 = 16

100
` There are 16GB left on the music device.
9 87.5% of the listed items in the shopping trolley. ` 87.5 # 96 = 84

100
` There 84 of the listed items are in the shopping trolley.
10 0.57 of the pieces are left to complete the puzzle. ` 0.57 # 900 = 513
` 513 pieces still need to be placed to complete the jigsaw puzzle.
11 (i) The sled has 1 - 0.15o = 0.84o of the way down left to go.
(ii) 0.84o of the way down the hill left. ` 0.84o # 450 = 380

Page 20 questions
12 (i) 1 - 1 = 2 = 66.6o %
3 3
` 66.6o % of the lightning strikes did not occur on the golf course.
(ii) 2 # 78 = 52
3
` 52 of the lightning strikes did not occur on the golf course.
13 100% - 83 1 % = 16 2 %
3 3
o
` Number of surveys not returned = 16.6 # 252 = 42
100
` 42 of the surveys posted out were not returned.
14 Total number of dots = 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 21
100% - 14 2 % = 85 5 %
7 7
85 5
` Number of other non-centerd dots = 7 # 21 = 18
100
` 18 of the dots on a normal dice are not located at the center of a side.
15 (i) 0.7953o # 18 = 14.316

` The water level is 14.3m from the top of the well accurate to 1 decimal place.
(ii) Water level = 18 - 14.316 = 3.684 m
` The water level is 3.684 # 100 = 20 7 % of the well is full.

18 15
` 125%, so the water level indicates drought conditions.

Page 22 questions
One amount as a percentage of another
1 a 35 # 100% = 70% b ^3.2 ' 5h # 100% = 64%

50
^17 ' 22.5h # 100% = 75.5o % ` 3 ' 5 j # 100% = 41.6o %

2 a b 1 4
= 75 5 % = 41 2 %
9 3
3 a ^10.5 ' 83.4h # 100% = 12.58992806 f%

. 12.59% (to 2 d.p.)
b ^12.25o ' 50h # 100% = 24.51o %

. 24.51% (to 2 d.p.)
Pencil type
4 a ^15.3 ' 22.5h # 100% = 68% HB
Pencil type
b ^13.05 ' 22.5h # 100% = 58% 3H
Pencil type
c ^18.225 ' 22.5h # 100% = 81% 5B
Pencil type
d ^16.825 ' 22.5h # 100% = 75% 3B
5 40 - 25 = 15 vegetables do not get a nutritional report.

` ^15 ' 40h # 100% = 37.5%
` 37.5% of the vegetables do not get a nutritional report written about them.

Page 23 questions
One amount as a percentage of another
6 582 - 368 = 214 birds wait for the first flock to leave.
` ^214 ' 582h # 100% = 36.76975945f%
` . 37% of the migrating birds leave as part of the second flock.
7 a ^361130 976 ' 510 072 000h # 100% = 70.8%

` 70.8% of the Earth’s surface is covered in salt water.
b 70.8% of 196 935 000 square miles = ^70.8 ' 100h # 196 935 000
= 139 429 980 square miles
` 139 429 980 square miles of the Earth’s surface is covered in salt water.
8 First five minutes = ^980.24 # 60 # 5h = 294 072 hits.

` ^294 072 ' 1225 300h # 100% = 24%
` 24% of the hits occurred in the first five minutes.
9 Gallons left = ^125.75 - 70.8h = 54.95 gallons remaining.
` ^54.95 ' 125.75h # 100% = 43.67981312f%

. 43.70% (to 2 d.p.)
` approximately 43.7% of the water remains in the tank.

What else can you do? Solutions Percentage Calculations
Page 25 questions
Percentage change
1 a 10% increase =
100% + 10% b 40% decrease = 100% - 40%
= 110 % of initial amount = 60 % of initial amount

` Increase of 10% = 1.1 # 25 = 27.5 ` Decrease of 40% = 0.6 # 65 = 39

Decimal form Decimal form
Other method: Other method:

Find 10% of 25 and add to 25 Find 40% of 65 and subtract from 65
10% of 25 = 0.1 # 25 40% of 65 = 0.4 # 65

Decimal form Decimal form
= 2.5 = 26

` Increase of 10% = 2.5 + 25 = 27.5 ` Decrease of 40% = 65 - 26 = 39
2 a A decrease of 30% = 100% - 30%

= 70% of original amount
` 70% of 50 = 0.70 # 50
= 35
b An increase of 25% = 100% + 25%

` 125% of 76 = 1.25 # 76
= 95
c An increase of 5% = 100% + 5%
` 105% of 6.2 = 1.05 # 6.2

= 6.51

Page 25 questions
Percentage change
2 d A reduction of 1.5% = 100% - 1.5%

= 98.5% of original amount
` 98.5% of 8 = 0.985 # 8
= 7.88
e An increase of 33.3o % = 100% + 33.3o %

= 133.3o % of original amount
` 133.3o % of 258 = 1.3o # 258

= 344
f An increase of 92% = 100% + 92%

` 192% of 12.8 = 1.92 # 12.8

= 24.576
3 a A decrease of 100% = 100% - 100%

` 0% of 50 = 0.00 # 50
= 0 cars
b No, because a decrease of more than 100% gives you a negative number of cars.
Negative amounts of a physical quantity means you finish with less than zero cars,
which is not possible.

Page 26 questions
Percentage change
4 a An increase of 100% = 100% + 100%

` 200% of 70 = 2.00 # 70
= 140
b An increase of 100% is the same as doubling. So an equivalent mathematical calculation is 2 # 70.
c An increase of 200% = 100% + 200%

` 300% of 70 = 3.00 # 70
= 210
d An increase of 200% is the same as tripling. So an equivalent mathematical calculation is 3 # 70.
e Let n be any positive counting number. An increase of n # 100% = (n + 1) # the original amount.
5 a An increase of 50% = 100% + 50%

` 150% of $20 = 1.50 # $20

= $30
b A decrease of 50% = 100% - 50%

= 50% of amount in part a
` 50% of $30 = 0.50 # $30

= $15
c The increased amount is $30 and the original amount is $20, 50% of both values is different,
so when decreasing the larger amount by a similar percentage, the actual amount it is reduced
by is also larger.

Page 26 questions
Percentage change
6 a An increase of 20% = 100% + 20%

` 120% of 80m = 1.20 # 80 m

= 96 m
A further increase of 25% = 100% + 25%

= 125% of new amount
` 125% of 96m = 1.25 # 96 m

= 120 m
b No, because the whole 45% is calculated on the smaller initial value (increasing 80m by
45% = 116 m). When split into two increases, the remaining 25% is calculated using a larger
value, so therefore a larger increase.
Page 27 questions
Percentage change
7 a An increase of 33.3o % = 100% + 33.3o %

` 133.3o % of 60 = 1.3o # 60
= 80
A further decrease of 20% = 100% - 20%

= 80% of new amount
` 80% of 80 = 0.80 # 80
= 64

Page 27 questions
Percentage change
7 b A reduction of 25% = 100% - 25%

` 75% of 200 = 0.75 # 200

= 150
A further reduction of 70.5% = 100% - 70.5%

= 29.5% of new amount
` 29.5% of 150 = 0.295 # 150

= 44.25
c A decrease of 12% = 100% - 12%

` 88% of $55 = 0.88 # $55

= $48.40
A further increase of 16% = 100% + 16%

= 116% of new amount
` 116% of $48.40 = 1.16 # $48.40

= $56.14
d An inflation of 5.25% = 100% + 5.25%

= 105.25% of original amount
` 105.25% of $90 = 1.0525 # $90

= $94.725
A further reduction of 0.6% = 100% - 0.6%

= 99.4% of new amount
` 99.4% of $94.725 = 0.994 # $94.725

= $94.16

Page 27 questions
Percentage change
8 a An increase of 45% = 100% + 45%

` 145% of 20 = 1.45 # 20
= 29 triangles
` need to add 9 same-sized triangles to the diagram.
b A reduction of 66.6o % = 100% - 66.6o %

` 33.3o % of 27 = 0.3o # 27
= 9 bananas
` need cross off 18 bananas to leave only 9.
c 60% of 20 squares = 0.6 # 20

= 12 shaded
A decrease of 75% = 100% - 75%

= 25% of 12 squares
` 25% of 12 = 0.25 # 12
= 3 squares
` only 3 squares remain shaded.

Page 28 questions
Percentage change
9 Ingredients Percentage Quantity needed

change needed for 4 people
0.75 red onions
• • 75% decrease • •1
[serves 3]
viii • 80 mL
0.55 g marinated • 71 1 % decrease • L D
• 3
feta [serves 1] •3
• 66.6o % decrease • K
20 g Salt x • 60 mL
•
[serves 16]
• 60% reduction • • 225 g
v
7.5 tomatoes • 200 g
•
[serves 10] • 33 1 % increase •
3 S A • 70 mL
120 mL vinegar mix
• vi • 50% less •
[serves 8] • 7.5 g
350 g olives ix • 75% more • • 220 g

•
[serves 7] A •5g
• 33.3o % decrease •
187.5 mL olive oil iv
• • 9.5 g
[serves 6] • 300% increase • E
vii • 125 mL
3 of a lebanese E
• iii • 20% removed •
4 • 150 mL
cucumber [serves 2]
G
i • 180 g
• 42 6 % decrease •
26 1 g of oregano 7
4 • • 1.5
[serves 14] 6
ii • 42 7 % increase • •2
225 g chopped red R
•
peppers [serves 5] • 100% increase • •4
G R E E K S A L A D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x)

Page 30 questions
Unitary method
1 a 25% of the amount = 40 b 112% of the amount = 84
` 1% of the amount = 40 ' 25 ` 1% of the amount = 84 ' 112
= 1.6 = 0.75

` 100% of the amount = 1.6 # 100 ` 100% of the amount = 0.75 # 100
= 160 = 75

2 a 55% = 220 b 325% = 487.5

` 1% = 220 ' 55 ` 1% = 487.5 ' 325
=4 = 1.5
` 100% = 4 # 100 ` 100% = 1.5 # 100

= 400 = 150
c 34.2% = 282.15 d 115 3 % = 1269 1

8 8
` 1% = 282.15 ' 34.2 ` 1% = 1269 1 ' 115 3
8 8
= 8.25 = 11
` 100% = 8.25 # 100 ` 100% = 11 # 100

= 825 = 1100
e 286% = 16 094 f 14 2 % = 7.16o

3
` 1% = 16 094 ' 286 ` 1% = 7.16o ' 14 2
3
oo
= 56.27
= 0.488636363
o o # 100 o o ...
= 0.48863
` 100% = 56.27
oo
= 5627.27 o o # 100
` 100% = 0.488 63
oo
= 48.8 63

Page 31 questions
Unitary method
3 a 65% = 390 b 12% = 46g

` 1% = 390 ' 65 ` 1% = 46 ' 12
=6 = 3.83o g
` 32% = 6 # 32 ` 30% = 3.83o # 30

= 192 units = 115g
c 110% = 5kg d 290% = 4096

` 1% = 5 ' 110 ` 1% = 4096 ' 290
o o kg
= 0.045 = 14.12413793 f
o o # 44
` 44% = 0.045 ` 72.5% = 14.124137 93 # 72.5
= 2kg = 1024 amoeba
4 a 35% = 56kg b 87.5% = 8575 termites

` 1% = 56 ' 35 ` 1% = 8575 ' 87.5
= 1.6 = 98 termites
` 100% = 1.6 # 100 ` 11.5% = 11.5 # 98

= 160kg = 1127 soldier termites
c 2 # 41250 = 16 500 people

5
60% = 16 500 people
` 1% = 16 500 ' 60
= 275 people
` 100% = 275 # 100

= 27 500 people

Page 32 questions
Unitary method
5 a 100 # 16 = 45.71428571f b 100 # 96 = 21.3o

35 450
= 45.71 (to 2 d.p.) = 21.33 (to 2 d.p.)
c 45 # 121 = 76.69014085f d 50 # 245.8 = 96.015625 f

71 128
= 76.69 (to 2 d.p.) = 96.02 (to 2 d.p.)
10 3
e 140 #
5 = 2.916o f 7 # 2130 = 4164.910714 f
30 8 5 1
3
= 2.92 (to 2 d.p.) = 4164.91 seconds (to 2 d.p.)
6 a 70 #8 = 224 b 70 #7 = 196 c 70 # 3.5 = 98

2.5 2.5 2.5
Page 34 questions
Profit and loss
1 a Cost price = $25 b Cost price = $45.00 c Cost price = $104.25

Sale price = $22 Sale price = $63.50 Sale price = $140.75
Profit X Profit X Profit
` $3 ` $18.50 ` $36.50
X Loss Loss Loss
2 a Cost price = $18.00 X Profit b Cost price = $5.20 Profit

$4.50 $1.04
Sale price = $22.50 Loss Sale price = $4.16 X Loss
`
( $4.50 ' $18.00
) # 100% `
( $1.04 ' $5.20
) # 100%
= 25 % X Profit of the cost price = 20 % Profit of the cost price

Loss of the cost price X Loss of the cost price

Page 34 questions
Profit and loss
3 a Cost price = $34.56 Profit b Cost price = $49.66 X Profit

$8.96 $74.49
Sale price = $25.60 X Loss Sale price = $124.15 Loss
`
( $8.96 ' $25.60
) # 100% `
( $12.76 ' $124.15
) # 100%
. 35 % Profit of the sale price . 60 % X Profit of the sale price

X Loss of the sale price Loss of the sale price
4 a Cost price = $20.50 Profit b Cost price = $59.40 X Profit

$9.05 $25.55
Sale price = $11.45 X Loss Sale price = $84.95 Loss
= 44.1 % Profit of the cost price = 43.0 % X Profit of the cost price
X Loss of the cost price Loss of the cost price
= 79.0 % Profit of the cost price = 30.1 % X Profit of the cost price
X Loss of the cost price Loss of the cost price
Page 35 questions
Profit and loss
5 a $24 marked up 25% = 1.25 # $24 b $32.50 marked up 46% = 1.46 # $32.50
= $30 = $47.45
Marked price = $ 30.00 Marked price = $ 47.45
c $230 marked up 12.5% = 1.125 # $230

= $258.75
Marked price = $ 258.75
6 a 40% discount on $157 = 0.60 # $157 b 40% discount on $78.50 = 0.60 # $78.50
= $94.20 = $47.10
Discounted price = $ 94.20 Discounted price = $ 47.10

Page 35 questions
Profit and loss
7 a $210 marked up 50% = 1.50 # $210 5 tables sold for $315 = total sales of $1575.
5 tables cost at $210 each = $1050.
= $315
Therefore, profit = $1575 - $1050
= $525 profit.
b Profit as a percentage of the cost price: Or simply, since the markup was 50% on all of
them and they were sold at this price, then the
= ($525 ' $1050) # 100%
profit is 50%!
= 50% profit.
c Discount of 40% = 0.60 # $315

= $189
d Total sales of the tables: Total cost of the tables was 10 # $210 = $2100
= 5 # $315 + 5 # $189 Sale price 2 Cost price, so in profit
= $2520 ` Profit = $2520 - $2100 = $420
Page 36 questions
Profit and loss
8 a Percentage discount = 30% b Percentage discount = 70%
Discount of 30% = 70% of original value Discount of 70% = 30% of original value
` 70% = $3150 ` 30% = $55.80
` 1% = $3150 ' 70 ` 1% = $55.80 ' 30
= $45 = $1.86
` 100% = $45 # 100 ` 100% = $1.86 # 100
= $4500 = $186
` Marked price = $4500 ` Marked price = $186

Page 36 questions
Profit and loss
8 c Percentage discount = 50% d Percentage discount = 20%
Discount of 50% = 50% of original value Discount of 20% = 80% of original value
` 50% = $97.50 ` 80% = $455.60
` 1% = $97.50 ' 50 ` 1% = $455.60 ' 80
= $1.95 = $5.695
` 100% = $1.95 # 100 ` 100% = $5.695 # 100
= $195 = $569.50
` Marked price = $195.00 ` Marked price = $569.50
9 Markup of 20% = 1.2 # $40

= $48.00
A following discount of 15% = 0.85 # $48.00
= $40.80
` sale price = $40.80, so the retailer made a profit of $0.80.
Page 37 questions
Profit and loss
10 a Markup of 38% = 1.38 # $200 b Discount = $76

= $276.00 ` Percentage discount = ($76 ' $276) # 100%
` marked price = $276.00 . 27.5% (to 1 d.p.)
11 a Cost price = 1.125 # $890 b Labeled price = 1.2 # $1001.25

= $1001.25 = $1201.50
` $1001.25 - $890
= $111.25 loss on the sale c Discount = $1201.50 - $890
= $311.50
` ($311.50 ' $1001.25) # 100%
= 31.1% (to 1 d.p.)

Page 37 questions
Profit and loss
12 a Marked price = 1.363o # $72.50 b Minimum sale price = 1.1725 # $72.50

= $98.8416o = $85.00625
= $98.84 (to 2 d.p.) = $85 (nearest whole dollar)
c Minimum discount = ^$98.84 - $85h

= $13.84
Maximum percentage discount = ^$13.84 ' $98.84h # 100% = 14.002 42817 . 14%
Page 38 questions
More applications of percentage calculations
1 a Protein per 100g = 8.0 g b Protein recommended = ^70 # 0.8h

` 8% protein = 56 g
c 56g ' 0.4g = 140 servings! d 140 # 3.8g = 532 g
e For Protein, minimum daily requirement should account for 32%.

` 32% = 56 g
= 56 g
` recommended amount of Carbohydrates eaten = 50 # 56g = 87.5 g
32
This is not a healthy option as it means the person consumes approximately 6 times the
recommended daily intake of carbohydrates.
2 24 3 % = 145 days
4
` 1% = 145 ' 24.6 days
= 5.894308943 days
` 200% = 5.894308943 # 200 days

= 1178.861789fdays
. 1179 days

Page 39 questions
More applications of percentage calculations
3 a Tree height after 1 year = 1.2025 # 14 m

= 16.835 m
b Tree height after 2 years = 1.2025 # 16.835 m

= 20.2440875 m
` 20.2440875 - 16.835 = 3.4090875 m

. 3.41 m (to 2 d.p.)
c Percentage growth after 2 years = ^3.41 ' 14h # 100%

= 24.357 142 86
= 24.4% (to 1 d.p.)
d Total growth 3 years from now = 1.2025 # 20.2440875 m

= 24.34351522 m
1 25 m so no, the tree will not be cut down in 3 years time.
e The tree height is increasing each year, so 20.25% of the height is also increasing, so after four
years it is more than a 100% increase, even though 4 # 20.25% only = 81%.
4 Intially 50 m
After first burst of hot air, height above ground = 1.31 # 50 = 65.5 m
After a further 20 minutes, height above ground = 65.5m - 17m = 48.5 m
After second burst of hot air, height above ground = 1.2883o # 48.5 = 62.48416667fm
` Overall change in height = 62.48416667 - 50 = 12.48 m (to 2 d.p.)
` Overall percentage change = ^12.48 ' 50h # 100% = 25% (nearest whole percentage)

Notes Percentage Calculations

Notes Percentage Calculations

Percentage Calculations
www.mathletics.com

78111340.I Percentage Calculations Solutions USA

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

78111340.I Percentage Calculations Solutions USA

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Percentage Calculations

Fractions and percentages

1 a 3 = 3 % b 41 = 41 % c 110 = 110 % d 200 = 200 %

125 5 180 9 350 7

24 ' 3 48 ' 2 175 ' 5

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 1

Fractions and percentages

350 225 140

= 350 % = 225 % = 140 %

2 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

Fractions and percentages

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 3

Decimals and percentages

1 a 15% = 0.15 b 20% = 0.20 c 4% = 0.04 d 9% = 0.09

e 125% = 1 . 2 5 f 250% = 2.50 g 110% = 1.10 h 305% = 3.05

2 a 0.03 = 3 % b 0.16 = 16 % c 1.12 = 112 % d 2.45 = 245 %

e 0.125 = 12.5 % f 0.253 = 25.3 % g 0.018 = 1.8 % h 0.2225 = 22.25 %

3 a 0.015 = 1.5 % b 0.185 = 18.5 % c 0.012 = 1.2 % d 0.458 = 45.8 %

94 469 129 629

4 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

Decimals and percentages

5 a Simplified fraction = 1 b Mixed number form = 5 1 %

c Improper fraction form = 19 % d Improper fraction form = 17 %

Simplified fraction = 19 Simplified fraction = 17

e Mixed number form = 112 1 % f Mixed number form = 237 1 %

g Mixed number form = 17 1 % h Decimal form = 7.1875%

i Mixed number form = 2 3 % j Decimal form = 100.625%

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 5

Repeating decimals and percentages

3 a 23 1 % = 23.3o % = 0.23o b 14 4 % = 14.4o % = 0.14o

c 51 % = 5.1o % = 0.051o d 92 % = 9.6o % = 0.096o

6 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

Repeating decimals and percentages

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 7

Recurring decimals and percentages

c 5 = 0.83o d 2 = 0.13o e 5 = 0.27o

= 83.3 % = 13.3 % = 27.8 %

Percentage to 1 d.p. Percentage to 1 d.p. Percentage to 1 d.p.

= 40.9 % = 58.3 % = 39.4 %

= 109.1 % = 113.3 % = 133.3 %

8 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

1 a 10% b 25% c 55%

2 a 0.4 b 0.8 c 0.75

d 0.65 e 0.32 f 0.07

g 0.6o h 0.8o i 0.14o

4 a 65.5% b 0.5% c 12.75%

d 30.15% e 73.12% f 90.99%

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 9

c 65% of 60 = 65 # 100 # 60 d 22.5% of 280 = 22.5 ' 100 # 280

= 0.65 # 60 = 0.225 # 280

2 a 20 # 65 = 0.2 # 65 b 60 # 35 = 0.6 # 35 c 22 # 25 = 0.22 # 25

d 15 e 67.5 # 48 = 0.675 # 48 f 34.5 # 14

g 125 # 12 = 1.25 # 12 h 220 # 40 = 2.20 # 40

i 150 # 15 = 1.5 # 315 j 175 # 79 = 1.75 # 79

10 I 10 Percentage Calculations Solutions

4 a 50% b 20% c 25%

d 75% e 30% f 65%

5 a 0.75 b 0.25 c 0.3o d 0.583o

6 a 90% b 25% c 35% d 49%

Percentage Calculations Solutions I 10 11

6 a 40% chose vegetarian course. ` 40 # 95 = 38

b 30% of the time was in meetings. ` 30 # 8 = 2.4 hours

c 15.5% of the tickets still available. ` 15.5 # 12 800 = 1984 tickets

3 a 0.015 = 1.5 % b 0.185 = 18.5 % c 0.012 = 1.2 % d 0.458 = 45.8 %

3 a 23 1 % = 23.3o % = 0.23o b 14 4 % = 14.4o % = 0.14o

c 51 % = 5.1o % = 0.051o d 92 % = 9.6o % = 0.096o

c 5 = 0.83o d 2 = 0.13o e 5 = 0.27o

c 65% of 60 = 65 # 100 # 60 d 22.5% of 280 = 22.5 ' 100 # 280

10% of 25 = 0.1 # 25 40% of 65 = 0.4 # 65