Moderation Analysis

By: DR. DANNY M. TE

Part 1: Hierarchical Moderation Analysis
• Use the same dataset: Positioning HEIs_mra
• How to apply the moderating variable using dummy variable:
• Null-hypothesis: Sex does not moderate the effect of the independent
variables (qualified faculty, better school facilities, campus culture, and
classroom climate) to the dependent variable (quality education).
• Based on the null-hypothesis, the categorical variable Sex is transformed first
as a dummy variable before it can be processed using MRA Enter method.
Steps in transforming the categorical variable into a
dummy variable

• At the SPSS menu, enter Transform/Recode into different variables

• Enter “Sex” variable in Numeric variable>Output variable box
• Type “Female” in Name box
• Type “Is respondent a female?” in Label box
• Press Change button
• Press Old and New Values button.
• Type “2” in Old value box
• Type “1” in New value box
• Click Add button
• Type “1” in Old value box; type “0” in New value box; click Add button
• Click Ok button (after you click Continue button) on the new window box.
• Then go the Variable view of SPSS
a. At the Label column of Female, change value labels: 1 = Yes; 0 = No.
b. Then click Ok.
Processing Moderating Variable through SPSS
• Open Analyze/Regression/Linear
Regression
• Under hierarchical method (“Enter”
option)
• Enter the dependent variable
(Quality Education) in dependent
variable box
• Enter the independent variable
(Qualified Faculty) that is significant
and you want to see the interaction
effect of it to the dependent
variable (Quality Education) when
moderated by Sex to block 1 of 1.
• Then, click Next button.
• Enter “Is respondent a female?” in independent variable for block 2 of 2.
• Then proceed with normal Regression operations: Analyze/Regression/Linear
Regression.
• After the first significant independent variable (in this case, Qualified Faculty), do
the same with the other significant independent variables (in this case, Better
School Facilities, Campus Climate) to see their interaction effect to the dependent
variable, when moderated by Sex.
• Based on the result, the moderating
(dummy) variable “Is respondent a
female” (p-value .421) does not have
any moderating effect. If it has a
moderating effect, the variable “Is
respondent female” should be
significant (p value is .05 or lesser).
• Thus, the null hypothesis [Sex
(moderating variable) does not
moderate the effect of the
independent variables (Qualified
Faculty, Better School facilities, and
Classroom Climate) to the dependent
variable (Quality Education)] is
accepted
Part 2: Moderation Analysis through Process
by Prof. Hayes
• Download first Process at:
https://www.processmacro.org/download.html
• Get version: PROCESS V3.5.3
• Install it in SPSS: see the file Installing PROCESS custom dialog as your
guide in installing it in SPSS.
• Once installed:
• Open the dataset: MRA_Positioning HEIs_Process
• Go to Analyze >Regression>Process v3.5 by Andrew F. Hayes
 Running Process in SPSS
• Move QualEduc Y variable; QualFac to X variable; BetSchFa and ClassCli to Covariate; Sex to Moderator
variable W; Age to Moderator variable Z.
• Change Model Number to 2
• Click Options button and tick the following: Show co-variance matrix
of regression coefficients; Generate code for visualizing interactions;
Mean center for construction of products. Then click Continue
• Click Multicategorical button, and tick Multicategorical for Variable Z.
Then click Continue, and click Ok.
Output of Process
 End of Presentation.
Thank you for listening.