ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

-POINT
EXPRESSION
-LINE
Point
A point marks a position in space.

In pure geometric terms, a point is a pair of x, y coordinates. It is static and centralized

It has no mass at all. No shape. No dimension.

Graphically, however, a point takes form as a dot, a visible mark….FOCUS

A point can be an insignificant fleck of matter or a concentrated locus(position) of power.

It can penetrate like a bullet, pierce like a nail, or pucker like a kiss.

A mass of points becomes texture, shape, or plane.

Tiny points of varying size create shades of gray.

Through its scale, position and relationship to its surroundings a point can express its own identity
or melt into the crowd

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What do point do?

• Define
• Differentiate
• Separate
• Act as an indicator
• Identify
• Emphasis
• Highlight
• Texture
• Pattern
• Locate

In short, they create a focus,

emphasize and draw attention to
their subject.
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The Relationship between Point and Point
Things get more interesting when we add more than one dot and they interact with each
other. 2 dots near each other shift the emphasis of the relationships of the dot with its
surrounding space to the relationship and interaction between dot and dot. 2 dots imply a
structure.

As the space between dots decreases the tension between them increases. As that space
approaches zero the tiny bit of space itself becomes more important than either dot or
any other interval of space on the page. All the tension is held in that tiny bit of space.

As dots get closer together they start to be seen as a single object. Their identity moves to
that of the single object instead of the multiple identities of distinct objects. If we allow the
dots to continue to get closer until one dot overlaps the other, the tension in the space
between them decreases, replaced by a new tension based on the appearance of
depth.

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One dot overlapping another creates a figure/ground relationship. One dot is now in the
foreground and the other is pushed into the background. Overlapping dots form more
complex shapes than either of the individual dots. This resulting cluster of dots is in itself a
new dot with a different form.

Dots further apart emphasize the structure between them instead of the identity of either
dot. If you then add more dots in close proximity to a pair of dots it also emphasizes the
structure of all the dots instead of the identity of a single dot or dot pair.
Dots working together can form an endless variety of arrangement and complexity. The
can become lines and curves. They can form complex shapes, patterns, textures, and any
other structure imaginable. Dots in combination can even imply direction and movement,
bringing us to lines.

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Line
A line is an infinite series of points.

Geometrically, a line has length, but no breadth.

A line is the connection between two points, or it

is the path of a moving point.

A line can be a positive mark or a negative gap.

Lines appear at the edges of objects and where

two planes meet.

Graphically, lines exist in many weights; the

thickness and texture as well as the path of the
mark determine its visual presence.

Lines are drawn with a pen, pencil, brush, mouse,

or digital code. They can be straight or curved,
continuous or broken.

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LINES
Lines in Design
Lines by definition: Continuous movement of a point along a surface
Lines are one of the mainly used elements in design. When used right, it is able
to convey:
•Focus
•Emphasis
•A sense of direction
•Emotion
•Divide of space

•LINE VARIATIONS
Variations of lines are important as different kinds of lines convey different
purpose. With lines, shapes can be formed, and with that focus can be
created.
Thickness of lines: Thick, thin, Length of lines: Long, Short
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 •LINES: DESIGNS…AESTHETICS

•LINES: DIRECTION…LEADING

•LINES: FOCUS
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•LINES: EMOTIONS

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COMPLIED BY – AR.SATVIKA JOSHI
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 THANK YOU

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