DRRR- Grade 11/12

STUDENT’S NAME GRADE/SECTION

_______________________________________ ______________________________
TEACHER DATE SUBMITTED
_______________________________________ ______________________________

I. Introductory Concept

Vulnerability is present in the community or society even before a disaster

happens. Some people living in the community are more vulnerable to disasters.
Our life is full of uncertainties. There are times that we feel isolated, insecure, and
defenseless towards unexpected situations. We experience shock for the loss of our
loved ones and properties, trauma, stress, and disasters.
In this learning packet, you will learn about the existing conditions that threatens
us, how certain factors may impact our lives especially during disasters, and how to
adapt ways to become resilient.

II. Learning Competencies

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

 Explain the meaning of vulnerability, capacity, and resilience within the

context of disaster risk.
 Explain why certain sectors of society are more vulnerable to disasters than
others.
 Differentiate the most, less, and not vulnerable sectors in the community
during disasters.

III. Activities

Task: Guided by the content of the following images of people or situations in the
community which are part of vulnerable sectors during a disaster, arrange the
jumbled letters into a word. Write your answer on the blanks provided.
1
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3

https://www.pngitem.com/pimgs
/m/74-748615_pregnant-women-
cartoon-png-download-pregnant-
woman-clipart.png
https://www.pngitem.com/pimgs/m/219-
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/4fRDf
2198289_elderly-cartoon-png-old-people-vector-
q4YEQvvzrYwZo8IHjxmpPT2floTNv6Jb1yGQYnily
png-transparent.png
PnQgHJtxRjfY8o9QJnOZFS6Kjef3ktDqqC03M1J4H
rEmweIA

https://www.pngitem.com/pimgs/m/535- https://www.pngitem.com/pimgs/m/54
5359614_person-with-disability-clipart- -546788_five-children-clipart
transparent-cartoons-global-assistive.png

1. S I E N L L S I __ __ __ E __ __
2. P N G T E N A R __ __ E __ __ A __ __
3. D L Y R E E L E __ __E__ __ __
4. N E R N C H D I L __ __ I __ __ __ E __
5. T Y I S D B I L A __ I __ A __ I __I__ __

Directions: From the given options in the box, choose the correct answer and write it
on the blank before each number.

A. Vulnerability D. Hazard
B. Poor E. Capacity
C. Resiliency

______1. It belongs to the most vulnerable group in the society.

______2. It is the ability to recover from or adjust easily to adversity or change.
______3. It is a situation or occurrence with the capacity to bring damages to lives,
properties, and the environment.
______4. It is a set of prevailing or consequential conditions, which adversely affect
the community’s ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous
events.
______5. It refers to, “all strengths, attributes, and resources available within the
community, organization, or society that can be used to achieve an agreed goal.”

2
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
 Vulnerability is “a set of prevailing or
consequential conditions, which adversely affect
the community’s ability to prevent, mitigate,
prepare for and respond to hazardous events.”
(Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, 2006)
When you look around, do you observe any
vulnerabilities in your house or barangay?
Vulnerability is present in the community or
society even before a disaster Marginal area. Retrieve from happens. It
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/Bq0_WHT
comes before any disaster, pvfX96GisPUJv2DUEtfyMIhJN321cPuNLnyWaPZbtGF contributes to
the severity or extent of its wv4JX0oDFjzPUFxZ9- impact,
Ae8HBmlVZbIihWC83v5LyB3x5t5We8Y9CA
impedes disaster response, and may continue to exist long after a disaster has
struck. One example is when people cut down too many trees at a faster pace than
nature can replace them. It increases the vulnerability of many communities due to
unprotected soil which causes mudslides, landslides, and floods.

To overcome our vulnerabilities, we must capacitate ourselves. According to

the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction or UNISDR (2009),
capacity refers to “all the strengths, attributes, and resources available within a
community, organization, or society that can be used to achieve an agreed goal.”
These qualities are important to citizens and community to cope with, overcome the
harmful effects of, and reduce the risks of disasters through preparation, mitigation,
and recovery. Hence, it is vital to develop and build these capacities categorized as
socioeconomic, political, ideological/cultural, physical, organizational, and
leadership.
Some examples of capacity include:
 adequate food sources
 ownership of land and safe location and construction of home
 adequate income
 savings
 family and community support system
 local knowledge such as the barangay hotline and evacuation plan
 responsive local government
 enabling legislation and strong community organizations

It is also essential to understand the community’s coping capacity in relation

to disaster. Coping capacity is “the ability of people, organizations, and systems,
using available skills and resources, to face and manage adverse conditions,
emergencies or disasters (UNISDR 2009).” The ability to cope entails sustained
situations assessment, awareness building, and resource mobilization and
management. The community’s level of coping mechanisms and readiness
determine the scope and depth of disaster risk reduction.

3
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
Some of the strategies to achieve our coping capacity includes:
 attending trainings in first aid
 learning to swim as part of water survival
 securing our homes
 establishment of early warning systems
 designing evacuation strategies
 stockpiling of food/emergency equipment
 alternative means of income

Community members and groups have different vulnerabilities and capacities.

Strengthening the capacities of each community helps people to adapt easily and
become resilient to inevitable circumstances.
Resiliency is the ability of a system, community, or society exposed to
hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to, and recover from the effects of a hazard
in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of
its essential basic structures and functions.
Several sectors in our society are considered as Most Vulnerable, Less
Vulnerable, and Not Vulnerable Sectors.

Who are the so-called Most Vulnerable Sectors?

They are the community members whose

capacities are low and not sufficient to
withstand and overcome the damaging and
harmful effects of disasters. Therefore, they
are the ones who receive the Social
Amelioration Program (SAP) and relief
distribution of the government during this
pandemic crisis.

They are composed of farmers,

the urban poor, laborers, indigenous people,
persons with disabilities (PWDs), PWD clipart. Retrieve from
unemployed women, and children. https://media.philstar.com/images/articles/ metro7-
senior-citizens- pwds_2018-07-12_21-05-00.jpg

They are classified as weak and vulnerable and have been traditional victims of
violations and consequently require special attention. Also, they are the so-called
abused sector and at the lowest level of society.

4
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
Who are the so-called Less Vulnerable Sectors?

They are the community members whose

capacities start from their own ability to
acquire material resources; skills and
trainings; and position in society.
Their capacities are higher than those in
the most vulnerable sector to overcome the
adverse effects of disasters.
Designed by: Macrovector / Freepik Retrieved from:
They are composed of professionals, https://nohat.cc/f/professions-isometric- people-set-free-
vector/433e8964661c4ff4aeac-201906011123.html
small entrepreneurs, and civil- society
organizations like Philippine Red Cross.
Their role in disaster management activities is to extend assistance and support to
the most vulnerable sectors.

Who are the so-called Not Vulnerable Sectors?

They are the sectors in society having a

high position in the community.
They do advocacy or charity for the benefit
of the most vulnerable and less vulnerable
sectors during and after disasters.

Source: ABS-CBN News,( Nov. 09,2019) Retrieved from:

https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/11/09/19/pacquiao-
namahagi-ng-tulong-sa-mga-biktima-ng-lindol-sa-
cotabato

Categories of Vulnerabilities
According to Anderson and Woodrow (1990), there are three areas of vulnerability,
which are the following:

1. Physical/ Material Vulnerability

For example, poor people who have few physical and material
resources usually suffer more from disasters than rich people.
Poor people often live on marginal lands, they don’t have any
savings or insurance, and worst, they are in poor health
condition. Their physical and material resources are miserable.
These factors make them more vulnerable to disasters,
meaning they have difficulty surviving and recovering from a
5
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
calamity than people who are better off economically.
Poor family clipart. Retrieve from
2. Social/ Organizational Vulnerability https://files.brightside.me/files/news/part_15/154
755/1775605-11650-a542d8629a-1484649916.jpg

People who have been marginalized in

social, economic, or political terms are
vulnerable to suffering from disasters,
whereas groups that are well organized and
have a commitment to their members suffer
less during disasters. Weakness in social
and organizational areas may cause
disasters. For example, deep divisions can
lead to violence. Conflict over resources
due to poverty can also lead to violence.
Protest clipart.
https://clipartart.com/images/uprisings-clipart-4.jpg

3. Attitudinal/ Motivational Vulnerability

People who have low confidence in

their ability to affect change or who have
“lost heart” and feel defeated by events
they cannot control are hit by disasters
than those who have a sense of their
ability to bring the changes they desire.

Bright Side. Retrieve from https://brightside.me/inspiration-

psychology/heres-the-real-difference-between-a-
negative-and-a-positive-attitude-to-life-

MY STRENGTHS! YOUR STRENGTHS! OUR STRENGTHS!

A. Materials Needed: Capacity and Vulnerability Analysis (CVA) matrix

B. Procedure: Using the matrix, assess your home using the CVA framework.

Capacity and Vulnerability Analysis (CVA) Matrix

Vulnerabilities Capacities

Physical/Material Example: Example:

What productive resources, Weak housing structure: The barangay has
skills, and hazards exist in house is located in established evacuation
your home? typhoon, storm surge centers and health
and flood-prone area facilities

6
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
Social/Organizational Example: Example:
What are the relations and Isolation with other Has strong family ties;
organizations among the members of the head of the family is a
members of the family? barangay barangay official

Motivational/Attitudinal Example: Example:

How does your family view Lack of interest to some Family has strong
its ability to create change? policies implemented in religious beliefs and is
the barangay united.

Adapted from Cannon, T, Twigg, J, & Rowell, J (n.d.) Social Vulnerability, Sustainable Livelihoods, and Disasters. Report to
DFID Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance Department (CHAD) and Sustainable Livelihoods Support Office. Retrieved from
http://wws.eldis.org/go/home&id=21628&type=Document#.VvDmMfwy5w

ASSESSMENT

Directions: Study the given items below. Based on the description of Anderson and
Woodrow, identify the category of the vulnerability of each situation. (Refer to page 5)
1. Juan lives in a far-flung area with a house made of light materials. He has no
means of going downtown except by walking on the dirt road.
2. Because of the COVID, a policeman told Lita that she cannot sell fish by going
around the barangay. She is now thinking of another means of livelihood as she
cannot afford to rent a space in the fish market.
3. John’s parents fight a lot making him not sure whether he will enroll in college.
4. Jen is hesitant to apply for government office because she has no connections to
back her up.
5. Corona, a sixteen-year-old lady, went to the mall despite the COVID scare. When
asked by a police officer “Why?”, she answered, “I might as well die from coronavirus
than die of boredom at home. We all die sooner or later anyways because our health
care is poor.”

Directions: Read each sentence carefully. Identify the term being asked and
described in each item.
6. It is a set of prevailing or consequential conditions that adversely affect the
community’s ability to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and respond to hazardous
events.

7. They are the community members whose capacities are low and not sufficient to
withstand and overcome the damaging and adverse effects of disasters.

7
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3
8. It refers to all the strengths, attributes, and resources available within a
community, organization, or society that can be used to achieve an agreed goal.
9. In what category of vulnerability do fatalism, discouragement, and despondency
fall?
10. “People who are poor often live on marginal lands; don’t have any savings or
insurance, suffer from poor health, and have physical and material resources that
are miserable." What type of vulnerability is shown in the sentence?

8
RO_DRRR _Grade 11/12 _Q1_LP 3