Health Optimizing Physical Education 3

(HOPE 3)
MODULE 1
RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES
OVERVIEW
Rhythmic activities help to improve physical and intellectual health. Aside from improved
physical confidence, it also progress mental functions, because of rhythm regulates the brain and
inhibits cognitive decline, it is also boosts the chemicals in our brain that upkeep better memory
and learning. This module will involve the student’s experiences from Philippine folk dances
training and practice. This will include the history and development, culture and tradition, common
dance steps and dance terms of Philippine Folk Dance.

MELC – Based Learning Competencies

1. Analyzes physiological indicator such as heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and pacing
associated with MVPAs to monitor and adjust participation and effort
2. Engages in moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPAs) for at least 60 minutes
most days of the week in a variety of settings in- and out - of school
3. Demonstrates proper etiquette and safety in the use of facilities and equipment
4. Participates in an organized event that addresses health/fitness issues and concerns
5. Self-assesses health-related fitness status, barriers to physical activity assessment
participation and one’s diet.
6. Observed safety protocol to avoid dehydration, overexertion, hypo- and hyperthermia
during MVPA participation.

Objectives:
1. Demonstrate the fundamental position of arms and feet
2. Describe the values of fundamental movements from day to day life activities
3. Perform varied physical activities that develops fundamental movements
4. Execute common folk dance steps
5. Create and execute four figures of creative folk dance
6. Construct a physical activities related to the fundamentals of movements to nurture
patriotism and nationalism through study of our dance
7. Assess better understanding of the Philippines music and folk dances
8. Characterize movements through dancing, a healthful form of relaxation and
recreation
Warm-up Activity
Direction: Below are common folk dance terms and steps that used in folk dancing. Execute the
necessary movements for each terms.
COMMON DANCE TERMS
1. Arms in lateral position – Both arms are at one side either right or left, this may be
done at shoulder, chest or waist level.

2. Cut – To displace speedily one foot with the other.

3. Place – To put foot in a certain position without putting weight on it.

4. Brush – Weight on one foot, hit the floor with the ball or heel of the other foot and lift
that foot from the floor to any direction.

5. Jump – A spring on one foot or both feet landing on both feet in any direction.

6. Pivot – To turn with the ball, heel or whole foot on a fixed place or point.

7. Point – Touch the floor lightly with the toes of one foot, weight of the body on the
other foot.

8. Crossed Arms – Partners facing each other or standing side by side join their left hands
together and the right hands together; either right over left or left over right hands.

9. Hayon-hayon – To place one forearm in front and the other at the back of the waist.

10. Hop – A spring from one foot landing on the same foot in place or in any direction.

11. Slide – To glide foot smoothly along the floor. The movement may be finished with
or without transfer of weight

12. Stamp – To bring the foot forcibly and noisily on the floor with or without transfer of
weight.

13. Tap – To rap slightly with the ball or toe of the free foot, flexing the ankle joint keeping
weight of the body on the other foot. There is no change or transfer of weight.

14. Jaleo – Partners turn around clockwise (with right elbows almost touching) or counter
clockwise (with left elbows almost touching) using walking or any kind of dance step.

15. Kumintang – moving the hand from the wrist either in a clockwise or counter
clockwise direction.
16. Leap – A spring from one foot landing on the other foot in any direction.

17. Do-si-do – Partners advance forward, pass each other’s right (left) side, step across to
the right move backwards without turning around, and pass each other left side to
proper places.

18. Panadyak – To stamp in front or at the side with the right foot and tap with same foot
close to the left foot. This is a Tagalog term.

19. Salok – To swing the arm downward-upward passing in front of the body as if scooping
the trunk is bent following the movement of the arm doing the salok. This is a Tagalog
term.

20. Saludo – Partners bow to each other, to the audience, opposite dancers, or to the
neighbors with feet together. This is of Spanish origin and is used in almost all
Philippine dances.

21. Sarok – Cross the R foot in front of the L, bend the body slightly forward and cross
the hands down in front of the R hand over the L. This is a Visayan term.

22. Whirl – To make fast turns by executing small steps in place to right or left.
INTRODUCTION
The Filipinos show the influence of foreign conquerors from China, India, Arabic countries
and Spain. Although the mountain tribes still have their magic dance. Folk dance is an
involvement, displaying the features and temperament of the people who created it. It is
customarily a dance anonymous origin that has been passed on from generation to generation.
Although they are now performed for pleasure in the cities, folk dances were originally mainly
country dances.
Despite the difference forced upon them by their respective heritages, the folk dances of
different countries often have similarities of rhythm and pattern. Variations among them are
sometimes the results of geographical differences.
In some instances, it may be difficult to draw an exact line between folk and geographical
dances, but the latter have developed a distinct traditional style, a technical terminology, and a
clearly defined school of instruction. The ethological dance was a folk dance before it became the
art expression of a race.
Folk dancing is a form of societal dancing that become portion of the customs and traditions
of a people. Most folk dances built-up among people in villages and were handed from generation
to generation in particular region. In many of these dances groups of dancers from such basic
pattern as a circle, line or a curved, moving line called a chain.
Today, folk dance classes and societies are stimulating interest in the Philippines. Indeed,
folk dances are performed in costume for entertainment, and so help preserve the heritage of the
race.
DEFINITION OF FOLK DANCES
• Folk dances are traditional dances of our country which were evolving naturally and
spontaneously, in connection with everyday life.
• Folk dancing is the heartbeat of the people.
• Folk dances are traditional social expression of ideas, mores, feelings and thoughts of
people or group of people through body movements.
• A folk dance is the outburst of people’s feeling.

VALUES OF DANCING
1. Physiological and neuro-muscular development of the organic system of the body
2. Cultural depict: the culture of the people
3. Social and recreational
FACTORS AFFECTING FOLK DANCES
1. Geographical location
2. Economic condition
3. Climatic condition
4. Costume and tradition

CLASSIFICATIONS OF PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCE

A. General Classification
1. National Dance – found all over the island with little or no modification.
2. Local Dance – originate in certain locality
Examples: (Tinikling - from the province of Leyte)
(Maglalatik – from the town of Binan)
(Esperanza – from the town of Nabua)
(Subli – from the province of Batangas)
(Magkasuyo – from the province of Quezon)

B. Nature of Dance
1. Occupational Dances – are dances that depict actions, characteristics, occupations,
industries and phases of human labor.
2. Religious or Ceremonial Dances – are performed in linking with religious vows, practices
and ceremonies. A religious dance may be performed to drive away devil spirits, ask for a
favour to have a child, give thanks having recovered from sickness, favours granted and
vows fulfilled.
3. Courtship Dances – are dances that depict love making or with a love theme
4. Wedding Dances – are performed by newly-weds by friends and relatives of the bride and
groom or by the father and the bride and the mother of the groom.
5. Festival Dances – are performed in connection with celebration, a feast, a barrio fiesta,
good harvest and good fortune.
6. War Dance – are inherited to show imaginary combat or duel with the used of fighting
implement like bolo, kris or spear.
7. Comic Dances – are dances with funny and humorous movements mainly intended for
entertainment
8. Game Dances – are dances that have some play elements and are for recreational purposes.
9. Social Dances – are dances during social gatherings.
Types of Movements:
1. Active Movements – with fast energetic movement
Examples: Tinikling, Maglalatik, Polkabal & Sakuting
2. Moderate Movements
Examples: Carinosa, Purpuri, Habanera & Tagala
3. Slow Movements
Examples: Kundiman, Amorosa, Taliday& Pasakat
4. Slow and fast Movements
Examples: Habanera, Ba-Ingles, Putritos & Alcamfor

Formation:
1. Square or Quadrille
Examples: Rigodon de Honor & Los Bailes de Ayer
2. Long Formation
Examples: Lulay
3. Set – consisting of two or more pairs as a unit, partners facing each other or standing side
by side.
Examples: Binadyong, Kakawati & Haplik

Characteristics of Philippine Folk Dance

1. In general, dancers stand apart.
2. There is a little if any, bodily contact
3. Most of the dancers are done in pairs or couples
4. Hand movements play an important part
5. Most dances are in long formation
6. Most dances begin and end with “saludo”
7. Dances from the lowland have more foreign elements than those found in upland
8. War dances are found among non-Christians Tribes
BASIC DANCE STEPS
In folk dancing the movements usually start and end in one of the five basic dance
positions. These positions are based on the principle of dance movements so that the body is
properly formed and balanced in among the basic positions. These standard positions are
universally known and reference to these positions are made in the description of folk dance
movements and steps.
The five positions of the feet follow a certain patters based on the following: when the feet
are together, they are said to be in a close position. Thus the first, third and fifth position of the
feet are in a close position while the second and fourth position are in open position. With all these
positions, the weight of the body is centred over the foot, the heel of the free foot is off the floor
and the toes is fully extended. The knees are kept straight in all positions.
Very expressive actions of the feet and arms characterize Philippine folk dances. These
movements are a combination of the five fundamental positions of the arms and feet whether the
pace of the dance steps is slow or fast.

Illustration of the Fundamental Position

ARMS POSITION
1. 1st Position – Arms are raised forward in front of chest with finger tips almost touching
2. 2nd Position – both arms sideward, raised up below shoulder level with a graceful curve
3. 3rd Position – Raised one arm overhead while other arm remains in 2 nd position
4. 4th Position – raise one arm in front of chest in a half circle while one arm remains in
3rd position
5. 5th position – raise both arms overhead in a graceful curved
FEET POSITION
1. 1st Position – The feet are placed with the heels together and toes apart at an angle
about 90 degrees or more
2. 2nd Position – bring feet apart sideward
3. 3rd Position – Bring the heel of one foot to touch one instep of the other foot
4. 4th Position – bring one foot in front of the other foot to walk strike
5. 5th Position – Bring the heel of one foot to touch the toe of the other

COMMON DANCE STEPS

The dance steps used in Philippine traditional dances are combinations of the basic natural
movements. Listed below are the dance steps in 3 time which grouped according to the note
patterns and their corresponding counts as suggested by the number of movements.

A.3/4 TIME DANCE STEPS COUNT

1. Waltz step Step R (fwd/swdbckd ); close L to R;
count. 1 count. 2
step R in place
count.3
2. Cross waltz Cross step R across L; close to R;
count. 1 count. 2
Step R in place
ct.3
3. Waltz balance Step R ( swd/frd); close L to R and
count 1. count.2
Raise both heels; heels down
count.3
B. COUNT
4. Touch step Point R (frd/swd/bckd); close R to L
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
5. Bleking step Heel Place R ( frd/swd/bckd);close L to R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
6. Close step Step R(any direction); close L to R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
7. Cross step Step R; cross and step L across R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
8. Hop step Step R (any direction); hop on R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
9. Brush step Step R(any direction); brush L
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
10. Slide step Slide R (swd/frd/fwd); close L to R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3
11. Swing step Step R (swd/frd); sswing L across R
cts. 1-2 ct. 3

Do’s in Folk Dancing

1. Dance in a natural, simple and direct manner.
2. Dance with ease and smoothness.
3. Use the proper costume for the dance.
4. Follow directions and dance instructions as closely as possible.
5. Dance with feeling and expression.

Don’ts’s in Folk Dancing

1. Do not exaggerate the dance steps.
2. Do not make the dances too dainty and graceful like ballet.
3. Don’t make entrance and exit long.
4. Don’t make steps too elaborate and complicated.
5. Don’t call a dance a folk dance unless steps come from traditional dances.
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