Final Exam Questions

Fundamental Moral Theology II

Spring 2018

1. Define the virtue of fortitude, and explain its relationship to fear by identifying
its opposites: foolhardiness and cowardice.

2. What are the two principal acts of fortitude? Explain in detail using examples.
Which one, according to Aquinas, deserves more praise?

3. What is jus? Define the concept and its connection to happiness. Your answer
should also include a description of the two sources of jus, as discussed in the
class.

4. Give a one-sentence definition of the virtue of justice. Then, list the principal
kinds of justice and their subcategories. Pick one (either of) and explain in detail.

5. Briefly define the virtue of temperance, and then describe the four stages of
growth in it. Be sure to offer a detailed description of each stage.

6. Briefly define the virtue of temperance, and then explain how temperance is not
a mere prohibition. In your answer, recall the three important points about the
human passions from the beginning of the class.

7. Characterize chastity in the ancient world by giving at least two examples. Then,
contrast this view with the position held by early Christians. Make sure to highlight
main points and the influence of St. Augustine.

8. Explain why chastity after Aquinas became an unpopular virtue. Next,

summarize the teaching of Wojtyła from Love and Responsibility, and show how
chastity can again be an appealing ideal to pursue.

9. Define NFP. In your answer, make sure to distinguish it from artificial means of
avoiding conception. Conclude your answer with an analysis of the gift of piety
and its role in living chastely.

10. Using Aristotle as a reference, explain the difference between a magnanimous,

pusillanimous, and foolish person. Then, explain why Christianity (following St.
Augustine) could not accept Aristotle's account of the virtue of magnanimity.
11. Define pride and its effect on the community. List and define three
manifestations of pride.

12. What is humility? In your answer, be sure to elaborate on key points discussed
in class, such as, its connection to prudence, magnanimity, and prayer.

13. How did sloth become identified with physical laziness, and work with virtue?
Briefly summarize the history of sloth and explain the danger of unqualifiedly
identifying work with virtue.

14. What is sloth? Offer a concise definition (not history), and recommend four
remedies for it. Your description of each remedy should be exhaustive, but concise.

15. Answer the riddle.