American Revolution Guided Notes 2

Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:
If there was no class lecture this week,

SSUSH3 Analyze the causes of the Was the American War for
write a paragraph about what you
learned and/or questions American Revolution. Independence inevitable?
Topic: Unit 2: American Rev
Questions/Key Concepts Notes
The French and Indian War
 The desire for territory produced by _____________ also meant that nations
ended up fighting over land and ______________.
What countries participated in
 As British colonists moved ____________ into the Ohio Valley, they found
the French and Indian War?
themselves fighting French settlers and Native Americans.
 In 1754, this tension between ____________ and British colonials resulted in
the French and Indian War.
 It was so named because Britain fought the war against France and its Native
American __________ (some Native Americans helped the British).
 Native Americans tended to support the French because, as fur traders, the
French built _______________ rather than permanent settlements.
The 1763 Treaty of Paris

 After nine years of fighting, France, Great Britain, and Spain (a French ally)
__________________ the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
What was the significance of  France gave up its claims in Canada and all lands east of the Mississippi
the 1763 Treaty of Paris? __________________.
 Great Britain now stood as the one, true colonial _____________ in eastern
North
 The British claimed they were protecting the Colonist during the War and
therefore the Colonist need to repay the British for _______________________.
Proclamation of 1763
 Great Britain now possessed vast new territories and felt that it needed to find a
What was the significance way to _________________ them.
of the Proclamation of  As a result, it took a number of steps the colonists found _______________.
1763?  The first was the king's Proclamation of 1763.
 It forbade colonists from settling _____________ of the Appalachian Mountains
and put the territory under British military control. The proclamation was
intended to manage Britain's new territories and ensure _______________ with
Native Americans.
The Stamp Act

 Beginning in the mid 1760s, Parliament passed a series of laws and
______________ that infuriated the Americans.
 One of the most offensive was the ___________ Act.
 Under this law, the British government taxed nearly all ______________ material
What was the significance of by requiring that it bear a government stamp.
the Stamp Act?
Summary
Intolerable Acts
 The Intolerable Acts closed the ___________ of Boston as punishment for the
What was the significance Boston Tea _______________.
of the Intolerable Acts?  These acts also allowed British officials accused of major crimes to be tried in
England and forced the colonists to ________________ British troops on their
property.
 Colonists called for the First ___________________ Congress to protest these
actions and formed colonial militias to resist enforcement of these acts.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
 The Sons of Liberty often used __________________ to intimidate any merchant
or royal official who might otherwise use the stamps.
List two colonial groups that  Daughters of Liberty often used their skills to _______________ fabric and other
were created as a response to
products that were usually bought from Britain, to help support boycotting of
the Proclamation of 1763, the
British goods.
Stamp Act and the Intolerable
Acts? The Committees of Correspondence
 The Committees of Correspondence were created as a ________________
response to the Intolerable acts
What is the committees of  The Committees of Correspondence were the first __________________ linking
correspondence? the 13 colonies in their opposition to British rule.
 The committee was instrumental in the planning for the First Continental
Congress
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Who wrote the pamphlet  In January 1776, patriot philosopher Thomas _______________ published
Common Sense? Common Sense.
 Paine’s small _______________ moved many colonists to support independence
from Great Britain.
The Declaration of Independence
Who wrote the Declaration of  In June 1776, the delegates to the Second Continental Congress decided to
Independence? _____________ independence from Great Britain.
 They appointed a committee to prepare a Declaration of Independence that would
What group helped write the __________________ the reasons the colonist wanted to separate from British rule.
Declaration of Independence?  The Committee of _____________ was made up of Thomas Jefferson, John Livingston,
Ben Franklin, John Adams and Roger Sherman
 Thomas ___________________ wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence.
 The Declaration of Independence borrowed phrases from the influential writings of
English enlightenment _________________ John Locke.
What was the significance of Two of Locke’s philosophies
John Locke’s Natural Rights?  ______________ Rights: All people have the right to life, liberty, and property
 Thomas Jefferson said: Life, ___________ and the pursuit of happiness
What was the significance of  Social ______________: If government does not meet the needs of the people, then the
John Locke’s Social Contract? people have a right to overthrow the government or break the contract
Summary
If there was no class lecture this week, SSUSH4 Analyze the ideological, military, social, and How did the American Revolution
learned and/or questions
diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution. lead to an independent American
nation?
Parts of the Declaration
1. The Preamble which explains the purpose of the document

2. Declaration of Natural Rights which is taken almost directly from Locke (Life,
Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness)
3. List of Grievances which list the colonists’ complaints against Britain
4. Resolution of Independence which declares that the colonies are free from
Britain
5. Signers declared that they, as representatives of the colonies approved the
document
The French Alliance
 Another _________________ point in the Revolutionary War was the decision by
How did Benjamin Franklin and France to support the American cause.
John Adams impact the  Benjamin Franklin and John Adams serving as the American ambassador to
American Revolution?
France, ______________ the French to form a military alliance with the
Americans, and France agreed to wage war against ______________ until
America gained independence.
George Washington
 When the American Revolution began, George Washington was named
What was the role of George commander in __________ of the Continental Army.
Washington during the  Washington was able to secure resources and train soldiers to be better than
American Revolution? local _____________.
Baron von Steuben
What was the significance of
 Baron Friedrich Von Steuben, from Prussia, helped Washington effectively used
Baron von Steuben?
their time at Valley Forge to ___________ the Continental army.
 Washington and Steuben started a training program to turn inexperienced
______________ into a professional military.
Marquis De Lafayette
What was the significance of  Marquis de Lafayette was a French soldier that _______________ American
Marquis de Lafayette? troops and fought battles in many states.
Valley Forge
 Valley Forge: Washington and his troops spent the______________ of 1777–
1778 in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
 The troops spent six months at Valley Forge
 At Valley Forge the army faced ______________________ with housing, food,
What was the significance of clothing, disease and cold weather.
Valley Forge?  Yet, Washington with the help of Baron von Steuben was able to turn the
Continental Army into a stronger military ________________.
Summary

learned and/or questions diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution. lead to an independent American
nation?
Battle of Trenton
 In December 1776, Washington made a daring move. He surprised his enemy
What was the geographic by _____________________ the Delaware River on Christmas night and
significance of the Battle of attacking the Hessians (Germans hired to fight for the British) and
Trenton? subsequent Battle of _____________________ (New Jersey).
 Washington's victory in New Jersey greatly lifted American _________________
and gave people hope that, perhaps, the revolution could actually succeed.
Battle of Saratoga
 The British plan to defeat the ____________________ Americans was to take
What was the geographic control of New York, which would drive a ___________________ between New
significance of the Battle of England and the rest of the colonies.
Saratoga?
 British troops are ____________________ at Saratoga, New York and are waiting
for British reinforcements.
 Two geographic advantages of the Colonist
o The British reinforcement from Canada were ______________ due to
the mountains of New York
o Controlling the high ground at Bemis Heights with __________________
at the Hudson River
 This victory is considered a turning point in the American Revolution because it
signaled to France that the Americans had a __________________ of winning.
Battle of Yorktown
 Britain’s plan to counter the French–American alliance was to have General
Charles Cornwallis move the war to the southern states to try to
__________________________ those colonies from revolutionary forces in the
North.
What was the geographic  At the Battle of Yorktown, the British forces were ______________________ by
significance of the Battle of the combined French and American armies and a French fleet.
Yorktown?  The combined attach trapped the British forces on a peninsula. Cut-off from any
reinforcements, Cornwallis was forced to ___________________, and the
American Revolution came to an end in North America.
Roles of Women
What was the role of women
during the American  Military encampments often included large numbers of women. They were
Revolution? known as “_____________ followers” and would wash, sew, cook, and nurse the
wounded and sick in camp.
 Other women served as ________________ for the Continental Army.
 The British Army frequently _______________ local women to clean, cook, and
sew for them.
Summary

nation?
Roles of American Indians
 American Indians found themselves in a difficult ___________________ as the
What was the role of colonists were fighting the British over control of North American lands.
American Indians during  Most of the western American Indians sided with the British in an effort to try to
the American Revolution?
_______________ further settlement in the region by American colonists- as was
the policy of the British Proclamation of 1763.
 Some Americans Indians used their knowledge of the ________________to help
the Continental Army.
Roles of Free Blacks

 Enslaved and free Blacks, in many cases, viewed the American Revolution as an
______________________ for expanding their own rights with the basis for
revolution being a call to __________________ natural rights.
 Estimates suggest at least 5,000 enslaved and free Blacks __________________
What was the role of enslaved with the Patriots.
and free blacks during the  However, those who fought with the Continental Army and with the colonial
American Revolution? militia groups did not receive their ___________________ following the
conclusion of the Revolutionary War.
The Treaty of Paris, 1783
The Provisions of the 1783 Treaty of Paris include:
1. Great Britain recognized it former American colonies as an ___________ nation.
2. The western boundary of the new United States was to be the ________ river.
3. Fishing rights off the coast of Newfoundland were guaranteed to the US.
4. Pre-war ________ owed by Americans to British merchants would be paid.
What was the significance of 5. State would be encouraged by the Continental Congress to restore the homes,
the Treaty of Paris? land, and confiscated possessions back to Loyalists.
Summary
The French and Indian War
 The desire for territory produced by mercantilism also meant that nations ended
up fighting over land and resources.
What countries participated in
 As British colonists moved west into the Ohio Valley, they found themselves
the French and Indian War?
fighting French settlers and Native Americans.
 In 1754, this tension between French and British colonials resulted in the French
and Indian War.
 It was so named because Britain fought the war against France and its Native
American allies (some Native Americans helped the British).
 Native Americans tended to support the French because, as fur traders, the
French built forts rather than permanent settlements.
The 1763 Treaty of Paris

 After nine years of fighting, France, Great Britain, and Spain (a French ally) signed
the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
What was the significance of  France gave up its claims in Canada and all lands east of the Mississippi River.
the 1763 Treaty of Paris?  Great Britain now stood as the one, true colonial power in eastern North
 The British claimed they were protecting the Colonist during the War and
therefore the Colonist need to repay the British for protection.
Proclamation of 1763
 Great Britain now possessed vast new territories and felt that it needed to find a
way to control them.
 As a result, it took a number of steps the colonists found offensive.
What was the significance  The first was the king's Proclamation of 1763.
of the Proclamation of  It forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains and put the
1763?
territory under British military control. The proclamation was intended to
manage Britain's new territories and ensure peace with Native Americans.
The Stamp Act

 Beginning in the mid 1760s, Parliament passed a series of laws and taxes that
infuriated the Americans.
 One of the most offensive was the Stamp Act.
 Under this law, the British government taxed nearly all printed material by
requiring that it bear a government stamp.

the Stamp Act?
Summary
Intolerable Acts
 The Intolerable Acts closed the port of Boston as punishment for the Boston Tea
What was the significance Party.
of the Intolerable Acts?  These acts also allowed British officials accused of major crimes to be tried in
England and forced the colonists to house British troops on their property.
 Colonists called for the First Continental Congress to protest these actions and
formed colonial militias to resist enforcement of these acts.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
 The Sons of Liberty often used violence to intimidate any merchant or royal
official who might otherwise use the stamps.
 Daughters of Liberty often used their skills to weave fabric and other products
List two colonial groups that that were usually bought from Britain, to help support boycotting of British
were created as a response to
goods.
the Proclamation of 1763, the
The Committees of Correspondence
Stamp Act and the Intolerable
Acts?  The Committees of Correspondence were created as a direct response to the
Intolerable acts
 The Committees of Correspondence were the first organization linking the 13
What is the committees of colonies in their opposition to British rule.
correspondence?  The committee was instrumental in the planning for the First Continental
Congress
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
 In January 1776, patriot philosopher Thomas Paine published Common Sense.
Who wrote the pamphlet  Paine’s small pamphlet moved many colonists to support independence from
Common Sense? Great Britain.
The Declaration of Independence
 In June 1776, the delegates to the Second Continental Congress decided to declare
independence from Great Britain.
 They appointed a committee to prepare a Declaration of Independence that would
Who wrote the Declaration of
outline the reasons the colonist wanted to separate from British rule.
Independence?
 The Committee of Five was made up of Thomas Jefferson, John Livingston, Ben Franklin,
John Adams and Roger Sherman
What group helped write the
 Thomas Jefferson wrote the first draft of the Declaration of Independence.
Declaration of Independence?
 The Declaration of Independence borrowed phrases from the influential writings of
English enlightenment philosopher John Locke.
Two of Locke’s philosophies
 Natural Rights: All people have the right to life, liberty, and property
What was the significance of  Thomas Jefferson said: Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
John Locke’s Natural Rights?  Social Contract: If government does not meet the needs of the people, then the people
have a right to overthrow the government or break the contract
John Locke’s Social Contract?
Summary
diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution. lead to an independent American
nation?
Parts of the Declaration
1. The Preamble which explains the purpose of the document

2. Declaration of Natural Rights which is taken almost directly from Locke (Life,
Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness)
3. List of Grievances which list the colonists’ complaints against Britain
4. Resolution of Independence which declares that the colonies are free from
Britain
5. Signers declared that they, as representatives of the colonies approved the
document
The French Alliance
 Another turning point in the Revolutionary War was the decision by France to
How did Benjamin Franklin and support the American cause.
John Adams impact the  Benjamin Franklin and John Adams serving as the American ambassador to
American Revolution?
France, convinced the French to form a military alliance with the Americans, and
France agreed to wage war against Britain until America gained independence.
George Washington
 When the American Revolution began, George Washington was named
commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.
What was the role of George  Washington was able to secure resources and train soldiers to be better than
Washington during the local militias.
American Revolution? Baron von Steuben
 Baron Friedrich Von Steuben, from Prussia, helped Washington effectively used
their time at Valley Forge to train the Continental army.
Baron von Steuben?
 Washington and Steuben started a training program to turn inexperienced
recruits into a professional military.
Marquis De Lafayette
 Marquis de Lafayette was a French soldier that commanded American troops
What was the significance of and fought battles in many states.
Marquis de Lafayette? Valley Forge
 Valley Forge: Washington and his troops spent the winter of 1777–1778 in Valley
Forge, Pennsylvania.
 The troops spent six months at Valley Forge
 At Valley Forge the army faced problems with housing, food, clothing, disease
and cold weather.
What was the significance of  Yet, Washington with the help of Baron von Steuben was able to turn the
Valley Forge? Continental Army into a stronger military force.
Summary

nation?
Battle of Trenton
 In December 1776, Washington made a daring move. He surprised his enemy
What was the geographic by crossing the Delaware River on Christmas night and attacking
significance of the Battle of the Hessians (Germans hired to fight for the British) and subsequent Battle of
Trenton? Trenton (New Jersey).
 Washington's victory in New Jersey greatly lifted American morale and gave
people hope that, perhaps, the revolution could actually succeed.
Battle of Saratoga
 The British plan to defeat the rebellious Americans was to take control of New
What was the geographic York, which would drive a wedge between New England and the rest of the
significance of the Battle of colonies.
Saratoga?
 British troops are trapped at Saratoga, New York and are waiting for British
reinforcements.
 Two geographic advantages of the Colonist
o The British reinforcement from Canada were slowed due to the
mountains of New York
o Controlling the high ground at Bemis Heights with fortifications at the
Hudson River
 This victory is considered a turning point in the American Revolution because it
signaled to France that the Americans had a chance of winning.
Battle of Yorktown
 Britain’s plan to counter the French–American alliance was to have General
Charles Cornwallis move the war to the southern states to try to separate those
colonies from revolutionary forces in the North.
 At the Battle of Yorktown, the British forces were attacked by the combined
What was the geographic French and American armies and a French fleet.
significance of the Battle of  The combined attach trapped the British forces on a peninsula. Cut-off from any
Yorktown? reinforcements, Cornwallis was forced to surrender and the American Revolution
came to an end in North America.
Roles of Women
 Military encampments often included large numbers of women. They were
What was the role of women
during the American known as camp followers” and would wash, sew, cook, and nurse the wounded
Revolution? and sick in camp.
 Other women served as spies for the Continental Army.
 The British Army frequently hired local women to clean, cook, and sew for them.
Summary

write a paragraph about what you diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution. lead to an independent American
nation?
Roles of American Indians
 American Indians found themselves in a difficult position as the colonists were
What was the role of fighting the British over control of North American lands.
American Indians during
 Most of the western American Indians sided with the British in an effort to try to
the American Revolution?
prevent further settlement in the region by American colonists- as was the policy
of the British Proclamation of 1763.
 Some Americans Indians used their knowledge of the land to help the
Continental Army.
Roles of Free Blacks

 Enslaved and free Blacks, in many cases, viewed the American Revolution as an
opportunity for expanding their own rights with the basis for revolution being a
call to protect natural rights.
 Estimates suggest at least 5,000 enslaved and free Blacks fought with the
What was the role of enslaved Patriots.
and free blacks during the  However, those who fought with the Continental Army and with the colonial
American Revolution? militia groups did not receive their freedom following the conclusion of the
Revolutionary War.
The Treaty of Paris, 1783
The Provisions of the 1783 Treaty of Paris include:
1. Great Britain recognized it former American colonies as an independent nation.
2. The western boundary of the new United States was to be the Mississippi river.
3. Fishing rights off the coast of Newfoundland were guaranteed to the US.
4. Pre-war debts owed by Americans to British merchants would be paid.
What was the significance of 5. State would be encouraged by the Continental Congress to restore the homes,
the Treaty of Paris? land, and confiscated possessions back to Loyalists.
Summary

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Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:

If there was no class lecture this week,

The 1763 Treaty of Paris

The Stamp Act

1. The Preamble which explains the purpose of the document

Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:

Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:

Roles of Free Blacks

The 1763 Treaty of Paris

The Stamp Act

What was the significance of

1. The Preamble which explains the purpose of the document

Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:

Class Notes Standard(s): Essential Question:

Roles of Free Blacks

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