LR 05 Maths E3 Solve Problems

Mathematics
Entry 3
Learning Resource 5
Solve Problems with/without a Calculator
N1/E3.9 N2/E3.4
Excellence in skills development
SOLVE PROBLEMS WITH/WITHOUT A CALCULATOR
ENTRY 3 5
Contents
Matching Symbols to Operations N1/E3.9 Pages 2 - 3
+, -, x, ÷ Problems N1/E3.9 Pages 4 - 5
Order of Operations N1/E3.9 Pages 6 - 7
Money Calculations using a Calculator N2/E3.4 Pages 8 - 10
Interpreting Results on a Calculator N2/E3.4 Pages 11 - 13
Checking Calculations N2/E3.4 Page 14
Practical Calculations using a Calculator N2/E3.4 Page 15
©West Nottinghamshire College 1

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Information Matching Symbols to Operations
When solving a problem, you need to decide which operation or operations to use. Then
you need to replace the words with +, -, x, ÷ or = to make a sum which you can work out.
Examples
There were 12 books on the shelf and 4 more on the desk. How many books were
there altogether?
There are 12 books plus 4 books.
This is an addition: 12 + 4 =
Peony bought 12 roses and 2 died. How many roses were left?
There are 12 minus 2 roses.
This is a subtraction: 12 – 2 =
There are 4 pens in a set. If Jon buys 5 sets, how many pens will he have?
Jon has bought 5 sets of 4 pens.
This is a multiplication: 5x4=
There are 12 biscuits in a pack. If they are shared between 4 people, how many
will each person get?
There are 12 biscuits shared between 4 people.
This is a division: 12 ÷ 4 =
Exercise 1
Match the symbols to the operations.
shared by multiplied by is shared between
e.g. and less than

add equals
+ - × ÷ =
times plus more than take away
minus lots of subtract

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Exercise 2 Matching Symbols to Operations
1) Martha swam 400 metres on Tuesday and 300 metres on Wednesday. How many
metres did she swim altogether?
Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…
2) Tilly went swimming on Monday and Thursday last week. She swam 875 metres
altogether. If she swam 450 metres on Monday, how many metres did she swim on
Thursday?
3) You buy a camera for £108, a CD for £9 and a rug for £185. How much would you
pay in total?
4) You have received a pair of slippers as a present. As they aren’t big enough, you
take them back to the shop and change them for another pair. The pair that you
return cost £9 but the new pair cost £12. You also buy a new coat costing £78.
How much do you need to pay?
5) You can store 8 x 18 CDs in each CD rack. How many CDs can you
store in 12 racks?
6) Kate has £956 to share equally between her 4 children. How much does each child
get?
Now check your answers using a calculator.

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Exercise 3 +, -, x, ÷ Problems
A group of 9 friends have gone to a pop concert. Using the table below, answer the
questions at the bottom.
1) What is the total price for 9 people to travel by bus to the concert?
2) What is the total price for 9 people to buy a concert ticket?
3) At the interval everybody bought a drink and 4 people bought hamburgers.

What did that cost altogether?
4) At the end of the concert, 3 people bought a CD, 7 people bought T-shirts and
5 people bought a cap. What was the total cost for those items?
5) Two people in the group were sisters and they bought a CD to share. How
much did each sister pay?
6) Samara travelled on the bus, bought a concert ticket, a programme, drink and
hamburger. How much did the evening cost her?
Now check your answers using a calculator.

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Exercise 4 +, -, x, ÷ Problems
The Cole family have some interesting facts … can you discover them?
1) There are 5 members of the Cole family. The

three children each own six fish kept in the
garden pond.
How many fish are in the pond altogether?
2) Gina and Chuck Cole have been married for 26 years. For half of that time, Chuck
worked as a hospital porter. For how many years was he a porter?
3) Gina worked in a factory for 7 years, a supermarket for 12 years and has been a
traffic warden for the last 11 years. How many years has she been working
altogether?
4) Donna, the oldest child, was 16 when she left school. That was 7 years ago. How
old is she now?
5) The twins, Callum and Chloe, love home-made cakes. They have baked 20 cakes
and share them between their parents and themselves. How many cakes does
each person have?

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Information Order of Operations
If a sum has a mix of operations i.e. add, subtract, multiply, divide, the answer may
depend on the order in which you do the calculation. So that everyone gets the same
result, a set order is used when working out answers. Anything in brackets is worked out
first, followed by multiplication and division, then addition and subtraction.
One way of remembering this is BODMAS.
B O D M A S
Brackets Order Divide Multiply Add Subtract
Always do Do in the order given in the Do in the order given in the

brackets first. problem. problem.
First Next Last
Examples
2+5x3 The multiplication should be worked out first.
2 + 15 = 17
6 + (4 × 3) The calculation inside the brackets should be worked out first.

6 + 12 = 18
Exercise 5
In the following questions, which stage would you complete first?
1) 7+3x4 addition / multiplication
2) 6x3–2 multiplication / subtraction
3) 369 – 61 + 542 subtraction / addition
4) 360 + 90 ÷ 10 addition / division
5) 70 x 40 ÷ 20 multiplication / division
6) 4 – 27 ÷ 9 subtraction / division
7) 8 x (6 + 38) multiplication / addition
8) (987 – 654) ÷ 9 subtraction / division

ENTRY 3
N1/E3.9
5
Exercise 6 Order of Operations
1) Lamb is cooked at 50 minutes per kilogram plus a further 20 minutes. For how
many minutes will you cook a 2 kg piece of lamb?
50 x 2 + 20 = …………………………………………………………………………………
2) The bus fare from Chapel Street to the market is 75p for adults and 40p for children.
How much will tickets cost for 1 adult and 4 children?
75p + 40p x 4 = ……………………………………………………………………………...
1
3) Jim mixed 500 ml of lemonade with of a 720 ml can of juice. How much did Jim
4
drink?
500 + 720 ÷ 4 = ……………………………………………………………………………...
4) Kaleb had a book token for £35. He bought 4 books costing £5.99, £7.99, £9.99
and £15. He used his book token and paid cash for the difference. How much cash
did Kaleb have to give?
(£5.99 + £7.99 + £9.99 + £15) - £35 = …………………………………………………...
5) Ella’s team scored 3 goals in each of the first 4 matches of the season and then 2
goals in the 10th match. They didn’t score in any other match. How many goals did
they score in total?
3 x 4 + 2 = ……………………………………………………………………………...........
6) Harry bought 3 tickets at £25 and 5 tickets at £28. How much did he spend?
(3 x £25) + (5 x £28) = ……………………………………………………………………...

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Information Money Calculations using a Calculator
When entering amounts of money into a calculator, you separate the pounds (£) from the
pence (p) with a decimal point.
Examples
55p + £4.58 = becomes 0.55 + 4.58 = 5.13 (£5.13)
Be careful to make sure you key in single pence correctly.
£2.07 + 8p = becomes 2.07 + 0.08 = 2.15 (£2.15)
Check that you understand the answer.
£3.01 - £2.95 = becomes 3.01 - 2.95 = 0.06 (6 pence)
Exercise 7
Match the amount of money with the way it is keyed in on a calculator.
0.2 0.58 0.08 0.8 0.09
0.99 0.29 0.04 0.28
0.4 0.32 0.37
29p 80p 58p 37p
99p 40p 28p 4p
9p 8p 32p 20p

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Exercise 8 Money Calculations using a Calculator
1) Write down how you would key in the amounts below.
Example
How would you key in £1.49? 1.49
a) How would you key in £2.45?
b) How would you key in 89p?
c) How would you key in £5?
d) How would you key in 90p?
e) How would you key in 27p?
f) How would you key in £32.00?
2) Match the amount of money with the way it is keyed in on a calculator.
£19.10 £70.70
10.4 58.05
£58.05 £58.50
7.07 10.04
£10.40 19.1 70.7 £85.50
£7.07 7.7 85.5 £1.40
58.50 1.4
£7.70 £10.04

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Exercise 9 Money Calculations using a Calculator
Look at the items below. Write how you would key the numbers into your calculator.
E.g.
What buttons would you press if you wanted the total of a watch and a
pencil?
9.99 + 0.59 =
1) What buttons would you press if you wanted the total of an alarm clock and
a MP3 player?
2) What buttons would you press if you wanted the total of a pencil and a
notebook?
3) What buttons would you press if you wanted the total of 3 footballs?

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Information Interpreting Results on a Calculator
A calculator will sometimes show a string of numbers after the decimal point. If this
happens, you use the first two digits after the decimal point. If the 3 rd digit is 5 or more,
the 2 nd digit is rounded up.
Examples
Calculator shows 55.2222222222222222222
You use 55.22
You use 981.23
You use 1.56
You use 0.29
Exercise 10
1) Calculator shows 78.444444444 You use …………………………..

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Exercise 11 Interpreting Results on a Calculator
1) Match the amounts in words with the box that represents that amount on a
calculator.
Thirty six pounds and twelve pence 20.11
Eleven pounds and twenty pence 30.12
Thirty six pounds 36.12
Thirty six pence 336.
Eleven pounds and two pence 11.2
Thirty pounds and twelve pence 36.
Twenty pounds and eleven pence 11.02
Three hundred and thirty six pounds 0.36
2) Write each of the amounts shown in words:
11.03 ………………………………………………………………………….
2.76 ………………………………………………………………………….
1.09 ………………………………………………………………………….
165. ………………………………………………………………………….
80.5 ………………………………………………………………………….
101.01 ………………………………………………………………………….

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Exercise 12 Interpreting Results on a Calculator
Work out the following division sums using a calculator. Remember to use only the first
two numbers following the decimal point in your answer, if necessary.
1) 79 ‚ 3 = …………… 2) 199 ÷ 7 = ……………
3) 251 ÷ 5 = …………… 4) 58 ÷ 5 = ……………
5) 109 ÷ 4 = …………… 6) 782 ÷ 32 = ……………
7) 541 ÷ 1 = …………… 8) 53 ÷ 4 = ……………
9) 2101 ÷ 10 = …………… 10) 856 ÷ 9 = ……………
11) 322 ÷ 6 = …………… 12) 11 ÷ 3 = ……………
13) 520 ÷ 6 = …………… 14) 963 ÷ 7 = ……………
15) If you share £748 between 8 people, how much will each person receive?
£……………
16) If you share £2500 between 16 people, how much will each person receive?
£……………

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Information Checking Calculations
Having completed a calculation, you should then check your answer.
Depending on the type of question:

 ‘add back’ to check subtraction;
 subtract to check addition;
 divide to check multiplication; and
 multiply to check division.
Example
If a shopping bill came to £45.78 and was split between 6 people, how much would each
person owe?
Calculation: £45.78  6 = £7.63 Check: 6 × £7.63 = £45.78
Exercise 13
Work out the answers to the following questions. Use the method shown in the example
above to check your answers. Use a calculator throughout.
1) If a telephone bill came to £98.10 and was split between 3 people, how much would
each person owe?
Calculation: ………………………………. Check: ………………………………
2) If 1 tray holds 6 glasses, how many glasses would 24 trays hold altogether?
Calculation: ……………………………. Check: …………………………….
3) If a gas bill came to £146.70 and was split between 3 people, how much would
each person owe?
4) If 1 camel has 2 humps, how many humps would 198 camels have altogether?

ENTRY 3
N2/E3.4
5
Exercise 14 Practical Calculations using a Calculator
Nathan is planning his weekly budget. Answer the questions below and work out how
much money he will need for one week. (Monday – Friday)
Items Price
Bus fare (return) £2.50
Flapjack £1.10
Orange drink 80p
Sandwich £1.80
Banana 30p
Coffee 85p
Biscuits 60p
1) How much money does Nathan spend on bus fares each week?
2) Nathan buys a flapjack twice a week. How much does he spend in total?
3) He buys a coffee every day. How much does he spend each week?
4) Three times a week, Nathan treats himself to a biscuit. How much does
this cost him in total?
5) Twice a week, Nathan buys a sandwich from the canteen. How much does this
cost in total?
6) Each Wednesday, Nathan finishes late so he buys a banana as a snack. How

much does he spend on bananas per week?
7) How much money does Nathan spend in one week?


LR 05 Maths E3 Solve Problems

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

LR 05 Maths E3 Solve Problems

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mathematics

Matching Symbols to Operations N1/E3.9 Pages 2 - 3

+, -, x, ÷ Problems N1/E3.9 Pages 4 - 5

Order of Operations N1/E3.9 Pages 6 - 7

Money Calculations using a Calculator N2/E3.4 Pages 8 - 10

Interpreting Results on a Calculator N2/E3.4 Pages 11 - 13

Checking Calculations N2/E3.4 Page 14

Practical Calculations using a Calculator N2/E3.4 Page 15

©West Nottinghamshire College 1

Match the symbols to the operations.

shared by multiplied by is shared between

e.g. and less than

minus lots of subtract

©West Nottinghamshire College 2

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Calculation: ..……………………………………………..……… Answer ………….…

Now check your answers using a calculator.

©West Nottinghamshire College 3

2) What is the total price for 9 people to buy a concert ticket?

3) At the interval everybody bought a drink and 4 people bought hamburgers.

Now check your answers using a calculator.

©West Nottinghamshire College 4

1) There are 5 members of the Cole family. The

How many fish are in the pond altogether?

©West Nottinghamshire College 5

One way of remembering this is BODMAS.

Brackets Order Divide Multiply Add Subtract

Always do Do in the order given in the Do in the order given in the

6 + (4 × 3) The calculation inside the brackets should be worked out first.

In the following questions, which stage would you complete first?

1) 7+3x4 addition / multiplication

2) 6x3–2 multiplication / subtraction

3) 369 – 61 + 542 subtraction / addition

4) 360 + 90 ÷ 10 addition / division

7) 8 x (6 + 38) multiplication / addition

8) (987 – 654) ÷ 9 subtraction / division

©West Nottinghamshire College 6

75p + 40p x 4 = ……………………………………………………………………………...

500 + 720 ÷ 4 = ……………………………………………………………………………...

(£5.99 + £7.99 + £9.99 + £15) - £35 = …………………………………………………...

(3 x £25) + (5 x £28) = ……………………………………………………………………...

©West Nottinghamshire College 7

55p + £4.58 = becomes 0.55 + 4.58 = 5.13 (£5.13)

Be careful to make sure you key in single pence correctly.

£2.07 + 8p = becomes 2.07 + 0.08 = 2.15 (£2.15)

Check that you understand the answer.

£3.01 - £2.95 = becomes 3.01 - 2.95 = 0.06 (6 pence)

Match the amount of money with the way it is keyed in on a calculator.

0.2 0.58 0.08 0.8 0.09

0.99 0.29 0.04 0.28

0.4 0.32 0.37

29p 80p 58p 37p

99p 40p 28p 4p

©West Nottinghamshire College 8

1) Write down how you would key in the amounts below.

How would you key in £1.49? 1.49

a) How would you key in £2.45?

b) How would you key in 89p?

c) How would you key in £5?