Formulae Sheet for Physics ‘wew.concepts-of-physics.cOM | pg. 1 Physies formulas fom Mechanies, Waves, Opties, Heat nnd | Motion in a straight Tine with constant a: ‘Thermodynamies, Eletrcity and Magnetism and. Mdern i, Physien. Ako include the valu of Physical Constants. Helps veutal, aauts dat tas n quick revision for CBSE, NEET, JEE Mains, and Advanced 0.1: Physical Constants Spoed of light e 3x10 mis Planck constant A 663% 10-38 he 1212 6V4 Gravitation constant G—6.67>10"" mi ka Boltzmann constant — 1.38% 1072 J/K Molar gas constant = R8BL4J/(am01 K) Avogadeo's number Ny 6.023% 10 mol Charge ofelectton =e 1.602. x 10" Permeability of vac jg x 10-7 N/A? Penmitivity of vac 8.85 x 10° F/in Coulomb constant 910° Nwe/c# Faraday constan 96485 C/mol Mass of eketzon 8.4 10 ke ‘Mass of proton 16726 + 10-2? ‘Mass of neutron 16719 % 10-2" kg W166 «10-7 ke uu 981.49 MoV fet 2 567x 10-8 W/(an? K) Rydberg constant Ry 1.097107 m= Bohr magneton pp 927 x 10-*84/T Bohr radius fa 0.520% 19-10 Standard atmosphere atm 1.01825 > 10 Pa Wien displacement 29% 10" mK ant 1 MECHANICS Ll: Vectors Notation: @=asi+ayj+a.k Magn ude: a= la = ab rag +a Dot product: @ boost abe + Oyby +0 ans are) + (aby —aybedh Cross product: (yh aaby i+ (Qabs — ae |x 8) = absino 1.2: Kinematics “Average and Instantaneous Vel. and Accel aij at Relative Velocity: faye = tat 2 utews8, y=utsind = rtnd- a? porta sy = sin 20 1.3: Newton's Laws and Friction Linear momentum: j7= mi [Newton's first law inertial fi Newton's second law: F Newton's third law: Fao = Frictional force: fic, uxt fannie = sad Sead Bankdog angle: $= tne, Centripetal fore: Pseudo fore t Feo = —lio, Feesifgal = ‘Minimum speed to complete vertical circle: in, batom = VEG tin, top = VBE = AU /0e for conservative forces sgh, Usp = 3k? Work done by conservative forees is path indepew dent and depends only on inital and final points: $ Fracaraine Work-energy theorem: W = AK wun concept-of-physics.com Get Our Book © 2020 by Jitender Single Ver. 2020 ~ 1Formulae Sheet for Physics: sorwconcepts-of-physics.comM — | ps. 2 ‘Mechanical energy: = U+ i, Conserved ifforees are ‘conservative in nature Power Puy = 3h. Phat 1.5: Contre of Mass and Collision CM of few useful configurations: 1. gy ma separated by r 5, Hemispherical shell: ye = § 6. Solid Hemisphere: ye 7. Cone: the height of CM from the base is h/4 for the solid cone and/or the hollow Impulse: = Fae = ap ee e@e@ coll onservation mcr tiaty = mpi mat maf? rman? tnd m, > my then Elastic collision with my = ma Rotation about an axis with constant aytat, 6 st+ Joe Moment of Inertia: 1= min’ = frtdn bo © 3 > a Oa = 4 ‘Theorem of Perp. Axes: Radius of Gyration: k= /T/m Angular Momentum: Z= ‘Torque LT: Gravitation Gravitational force: P Potential energy: Gravitational acceleration: g = $i Variation of g with depth: gysie * (1 8) Variation of g with height: goutside ~ 9 (1 — 3) Effect of non-spherical earth shape on Re By 21 kin) 4 ple > Gt cater ( Effect of earth rotation on apparent weight: Got Formulas © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a Sings Ver. 29Formulae Sheet for Ph sorwconcepts-of-physics.com — | ps 3 ng=mg ~ ma? Reos 6 Orbital velocity of satellite: v, = \/ HE Escape velocity: « Kepler's laws: ‘Third: T? « a. In cireular orbit T? = Biya". 18: Simple Harmonie Motion Hooke's law: F = —ke (lor small elongation 2.) Acceleration: « Kinetic energy Total energy: B= Simple pendulum: Physical Pendulum: a ‘Torsional Pondutum 1 = 25\/f ‘Superposition of two SHM’s: Aasin(ut +5) Asin(ot +e) Aa VAP +A? + 2A Areas tas Aasind Ag coms 1.8: Properties of Matter Modulus of rigidity: ¥ = 4, B= V6 Compressibilty: K= j= -} $f Poisson's rats 0 = lis = SSP Elastic energy: U = } stress x strain x volume Surface tension: $= F/t Surfaco energy: U = SA Excess pressure in bubble: Anas = 28/1, Asay = AS /Rt Capillary rise: k= Hydrostatic pressure: p= pyh Buoyant force: Fy = pV’ Weight of displaced liquid no” Equation of continuity: Ayn: Bernoulli's equation: »-+ $n + pg van ‘Torvicell’s theor a © 2020 by Jitende wigs be i h Got Formulas wow conceptsof pisces Get Our Book Sings Vee. 2020-1Formulae Sheet for Physics sorwconcepts-of-physics.com | ps. 4 2 Waves 2.1: Waves Motion General equation of wave: Notation: Ani A Fen Wot Ps St, Avoi Fee be ven bok Progressive wave travelling with speed vi yest sfonde oy bal me y= Asin(ke ~ ot) = Asin(®e (r/— 1/7) Progressive sine wave: 2.2: Waves on a String ‘Speed of waves on a string with mass per w and tension T: v= yT/p ‘Transmitted power: Pyy = 2r#pwA¥v™ Interference: w= Arsin(ke ~wt), ya Aasin(he — wt +6) v= ty = Aine — wt) A= VAP + AP + 2A, Apes 5={ Beye, Se Standing Waves: 2 Allowed Freq L=n$, v= dry 2 Fundamental harmonies: wo = de E JH 4.1 retone/2™ hn a = deaf 5, 2° overtone/8" harmonies m= shy E 6. All bas nies are present. String fixed at one end: 1. Bou lary conditions: y= 0 at 2 = 2, Allowed Freq: L = (2n+1)4, 01,2, 3, Fundamental/1"* harmonies: a = 4. 1 overtone/3" harmonies: 5. 2° overtone/5 harmonies: 6. Only odd harm es ae prosent. Sonometer: vx bo ‘Sound Waves Displacement waver s = s9sinwo(t—2/e) Standing longitudinal waves: sina(t— 2/0), pa = posina(t +2/0) 2pocoskesinsst (Closed organ pipe: 1. Boundary condition: y =O at 2 =0 2. Allowed freq: L = (2n +1) 3, 0.42, 3, Bundaamental/1 harmonies: 49 = 3 = Re< nade 4, 1 overtone/3" harmonies: Got Formulas wow. concepts-of physicset © 2000 hy Jitender Singh Ver. 20 Ge Ou Book aFormulae Sheet for Physics sore-concepts-of-physics.coM — | ps. 5 5, 2% overtone/5% harmonies: 1 = 5 6, Only odd harmonies are present 1, Boundary condi Allowed fe. 2 Fandamental/ 1° ha 3.1 overtone/2¥4 harmonies: 4 = 200 = HE SOE 4, 2 overtone/3"! harmonies: vy = vp = 32 5, All harmonies are present. Resonance column: hed=3, btd= 4 v=%b-hw ‘Beats: two vives of almast equal frequencies 2) © wy py =posins(t—2/e), pe =posinan(t—2/v) bi +p2 = 2pycos Ault — 2/0) sina(t — 2/0) (er tany/2, Away —ay (beats fea) wher, 0 is the speed of sound the speed of the observer wrt. the medi ered positive when it moves towards the source and nnogative when it moves avay from the source, and uy is the speed of the source wart, the medium, consi: rol positive when it moves tovarts the observer and regative when it moves away from the observer. 2d: Light Waves Plane Wave: B= Bysins(t~ ), mE = *Bisina(t— 5), = Spherical Wave: ‘Young's double slit experiment jp=t Path difference: = 4 Phase difference: Bae Interference Condition: ge f onm constructive; (n+ try destructive, for integer a {erya dane Intensity: I= ht h42V Theos, Vii+ Vb) sh Alco, Ia (va vay" Alp, Inn = 0 h=h Fringe width: w= 42 Optical path: Ao! = js Interference of waves transmitted through thin fm: a= (Cay, Sanaa” Law of Malas: I = [gos Visit www.concepts-of-physis.com to b IIT JEE Physies: Topie-wise Complete Solutions* and our other books, Written by IITians, Foreword by Dr. HC Verma, Appreciate by Students, Bs Got Formulas © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Sings Ver. 29Formulae Sheet for Ph wew.concepts-of-physics.cOM | ps. 6 3 Optics oO [a a] 3.1: Reflection of Light , [Laws of reflection: son cay Hy Ind ey mt a Incident rn, refeete ay, al nowadHeinthe sane , pine fi Zi 2 oP in doptor iff in mete. Plane micro 4 Two thin lenses separated by distance i (2) the image and the object are equidistant from mir- ror (i) virtual image of real object ‘Spherical Mirror: 5 r oS 1. Focal length f= R/2 Snell's Laws itd = 2 HN Apparent depths j= jeal angle: 0, Deviation by a prism: Bait, in os ain Sm = (w= 1A, ff hob Astronomical teleseope: 1. Tn normal adjustment: 2, Resolving power: 38.4: Dispersion Cauchy's eaation: =o +8, A> Dispersion by prism with sinall A and i: 8y= (4) DA (i wed = E (itAand ssa) re (iy — DA i — 4" Deviation without dispersi (ie MA = (eH © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a Sings Vee. 2020-1ics. wew.concepts-of-physics.cOM | ps. 7 4 Heat and Thermodynamics (alsa aes ee First law of thermodynamies: AQ = AU +Alv K=C+278.16 Work done by the gas: deal gas equation: pl” = nitP, n= number of moles aw-=pay, we [av ‘van der Waals equation: (p+ yr) (V—b) = RP ‘ Worteroal = RRP In () ‘Thermal expansion: L = lo(1-+ 07) vy We dg(l + BAT), V=V9(L4 AT}, 7 = 24 Wtaie = AVa— i) “Thermal stross of a material: = ¥ mV =m¥a —_— y=t Wace 4.2: Kinetic Theory of Gases General: = ma, k= R/Na » Efficiency of the heat engir Sw “Maxwell distribution of speed: IZ» : ae! work done by the engine _ Qu ~ Qe = Tae do hy the gina _ Qs — Oa Treat supplied tot Qi VF BR a Ve Mest probable speeds 1p = \/8E Coeff. of performance of refrigerator: Sw a Pressure: » = Hot - 7% sates Equipartition of energy: KC = JAP for ea degree of fecedom, ‘Thus, K = KT for moleule having f do- ses of fredons Internal energy of n mols ofan ideal gas isU = fru? = abe Qim Specific heat at constant volume: C, = 3%), psec eonscen ges Gy— 2b] Relation between C, and C.2 Cp — Rat of specific heats: Relation between U and C,: AU = nC,AT Specific heat of gas mixture: niCra + maCia es ipa + mC 7 mat mC ‘Molar internal energy of an ideal gas: 7 = $27. for diatomic gus. Entropy: As 48, 5)- Const. TAS = $. [le ing T: AS = mal Van Adiabatic process: AQ (KiAL + Kaa) Kirchhof's Law: GSP =P — Fay Wien’s displacement law: Ay = StefanBoltzmana law: 42 = ocAT* Newton's aw of cooling: 4 =—bACT Ta) © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a Sings Vee. 2020-1Formulae Sheet for Ph wew.concepts-of-physics.cOM | ps. 8 5 Electricity and Magnetism Ke ‘5.4: Blectrostatice Capacitance: C= q/¥ ovo FS | Paral plate capacitor: © aie Field of a dipole: z ‘Torque on a dipole placed in Pot. rergy of a dipole placed in 15.2: Gauss’s Law and its Applications Blectrie flax: = f E-d Goauss's laws f Bas Field of a uniformly charged ring on its axis B and V of a uniformly charged spherical shell: On torre e-{% 2 torr ; Storrs oo frrR Capacitors in parallel: C= Ci+C:\”Tode, spa par ‘ Capacitors in series: = hte GO Energy stored in capacitor: U = i Es way density in electric fleld Capacitor with diclectrie: C= ‘5.4: Current electricity (Current den Drift speed: Resistance of a wire: = pl/A, where p = 1/o ‘Temp. dependence of resistance: = No(l +a) ‘Ohm's law: V = ik Kirchhoff's Laws: (i) The Junction Law: The algebraic ‘un of ll the currents directed towards a node & zero fe., Bose = 0. Zou: ‘The algebraic sium ofall the potential diferences along closed loop, is 200 £6, Shop Vy me Wheatstone bridge: Balanced if Ry/fa = Ms/Re v2/R=PR Electric Power: P wv © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a Sings Vee. 2020-1Formulae Sheet for Ph soreconcepts-of-physics.com | ps. 9 Galvanometer as an Ammeter: ig = (0) Galvanometer as a Voltmet AR+G) Van Charging of capacitors: a=cl per Discharging of eapacitor 0) ‘Time constant in RC circuit: 7 = RC = eat ad 1. Thermo-omf: ¢ = a + Her? 2, Thermoelectric power: de/dt = a +07. = aft ~2a/t 8. Neutral temp Ta 4h n erson temp, ‘Thomson effect: ett © it = Pit where is current, ¢is time, Z is letrocke alent, Zi chemical equivalent, and F = 96485 C/s is Faraday’ const 5.5: Magnetism Lorents force on a m «B+ charge: Charged particle in a uniform magnetic fleld: Force on a current carrying wire: he Maguctie moment of eeu! lop (ipa) ‘Torque on a magnetic dipole placed in BailxB IB 45.6: Magnetic Field due to Current Biot-Savart law: di = yotallse Field due to a straight conductor: z $24 (cos8; — cos6) Force between parallel wires: Field on the is of a ring: Field at the contre of an are: Field at the contre of a ring Ampere’s law: B-Al'= poly Field inside a solenoid: 2 = jan,» Field inside a toroid = #8 ‘Tangent galvanometer: Bi, tan ‘Moving coil galvanometer: ni AB ‘Time pe Jod of magnetometer: T= 25 / ya, Permeability: B © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a ‘Singh Ver. 2020 ~ 1Formulae Sheet for Physics www.concepts-of-phy: RC cirouit: 45.7: Blectromagnetic Induction oh 2=VRSRCP, sand od crtent create Bf that op bot * nes the change in maguti Ba UR cinenit Coo. Zz mu 6083 ‘Speed of the EM waves in vacuum: ¢= 1/,/a@ EMF induced in a rotating coi Alternating current: i= iosinfwt +6), T=25/a HAR iat aa ae Energy: E = tus? RT Visit www.concepts-of-physies.com to bt ‘pa Cad and our other books, Written by IITians, Foreword ee me Got Formulas veww.concepts-f physics co Get Our Book © 2020 hy Jitender Singh Ver. 2020 ~ 1Formulae Sheet for Ph soww-concepts-of- phy’ 6 Modern Physics 6.1: Photo-electrie effect Photon’s energy: B= hi = he/\ Photon’s momentum: »)=h/A= B/e Max, KE of ejected photo-clectron: Kya, = fi 8 ‘Threshold freq. in photo-clectric effect: 19 = 9/! Stopping poten de Broglie wavelength: \ = ih/p 6.2: The Atom Energy in th Bohr's or mae er Radius of the uth Bobr’s orbit ohn? mdi fay = 0529.8 Quantization of the angular momentum: {= 3 Photon energy in state transition: Fy ~E, = hw ‘Wavelength of emitted radiation: for a fom nth to mth state: nz [ Xray spectrum: Moseley's law: 7 X-ray diffraction: 2/5 Heisenberg uncertainity princi ApAr> h/(n), AEAE> h/(2n) 6.8: The Nucleus Nuclear radius: 1 Rye 1110 Population at time t: Half lifes). = 0.003) Average ier tay <1) Population after n half lives: N= Ny /2" (my +(A~ Z)ma] = Biny (A 2) my — Mle Qevalue: = Us —Uy Es way released in where dm 6.4: Vacuum tubes and Semiconductors a Half Wave Rectifier: Plate resistance of a triode: ai ‘Transconductance of a triode: 4 a Amplification by a triode: 1 Relat Detwoen ry fy AM Yat f= Fy * 9m Current in a transistor: I. = [y+ Ie © 2020 by Jitende wow conceptsof pisces Ge Ou Book a Sings Vee. 2020-1