Mackensey Beale

Oct 4th, 2022

CLC 12
Annotated Bibliography

Karla Balling RN, MSN, Marilyn McCubbin PhD, RN, FAAN, ‘Hospitalized children with
experiences with chronic illness: Parents caregiving needs and valuing parental expertise’,
Journal of Pediatric Nursing, Volume 16, Issue 2, April 2001, Pages 110-119.
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/lincoln-maccauley-alexander

This source discovered the perspective of parents who have children with chronic illness
by examining in a national sample of 50 parent caregivers. From an open-ended question based
on parental control in the children’s lives, disclosed that parents felt higher quality care was
given at home than in the hospital facility. This is due to nurses being a lot busier and
understaffed to provide optimal care for more than one child. Along with this result, parents
had a strong feeling towards the child’s control of themselves and being able to make their over
decisions as they grew older. From this article, I understand the importance of children also
having the opportunity to stay at home at certain times, which lets me know that volunteering
may not always mean children who are in the hospital but also receiving treatment at home for
better care. For me wanting to be able to make these children more comfortable, knowing
what best situation fits their health is the first step to finding comfort.

Samantha A. Sartain BA MSc, Charlotte L. Clarke RGN MSc PGCE PhD, R. Heyman BA
PhD, ‘Hearing the voices of children with chronic illness’, Journal of Advanced Nursing, Volume
32, Issue 4, 28 June 2008, Pages 913-921.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.t01-1-01556.x

From this source, research was conducted towards seven families as children were to
draw a picture of what it was like being at the hospital compared to being at home. This gave
each child a voice to listen to, letting them know they are heard as this is an excellent way to
collect accurate data around this topic. After analyzing these images its evident that each child
copes differently and reacts at different stages. A common theme I noticed from these
children’s drawings was that it’s boring and that there is not much to do, some did say that they
like it here but would rather be at home. After hearing the perspective from these children, I am
aware of the high rate of boredom and even if some children don’t mind the hospital, I want to
find ways to uplift the emotional damage it can have. As my priority to not only uplifting their
well-being but to also find comforting in the hospital. From these images I have able to see
common things that they find fun and comforting at home that in not offered at the hospital.
This helps me see the improvements that need to be made.
 Charlotte Ångström-Brännstrom RNT, MSc, PhD-student, Astrid Norberg RNT, PhD, Lilian
Jansson RNT, PhD, ‘Narratives of Children With Chronic Illness About Being Comforted’, Journal
of Pediatric Nursing, Volume 23, Issue 4, August 2008, Pages 310-316.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0882596307001820

This source also did another survey discovering the perspective of children between 4-
10 years old by describing their experiences and also made drawings. The content analysis
revealed many themes such as; feeling safe and secure and staff and family being there for the
children. From this source I learned the importance of the children being able to confined in
others and be able to trust individuals. Considering the mother was the only most trusted
individual, I see a weakness in this area. This has given me the challenge to figure out ways to
build trust between nurses as well as other children experiences similar things like me. I feel
this will help them feel not alone and feel they have more people there for them. From creating
games to do together as well as connecting one on one with a child who are going through the
same emotions would help them open up.

Laura Nabors, Jordi Finchum Cunningham, Myia Lang, Kelsi Wood, Shawna Southwick &
Cathleen Odar Stough, ‘Family Coping Hospitalization of Children with Chronic Illnesses,’ Journal
of Child and Family Studies, Volume 27, 20 December 2017, Page 1482-1491
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10826-017-0986-z

This source conducted another survey from the perspective of the parents view on
having children with chronic illnesses and their ways of coping for not only the parents but the
children as well. Two studies were conducted, the results from the first study revealed that
cognitive strategies were used to see the hospital as a positive environment or to accept what
had to occur. A very hard burden on the families was the financial stresses. In the results
conducted for the second study, it was heard that there was a lot of emotional damage that
came along with trying to stay positive and supportive for the child and that it was extremely
hard to adapt. From reading this article I learned that, not only children need an emotional
uplift but their parents as well. I feel like if parents saw their child a lot happier from playing
games and doing arts and crafts with others to build strong friendships, it would lift a lot of
stress off the parents. This showed me a chain reaction of happiness could occur for the ideas
from my capstone.

RN, BScN, MHSc Jennifer R. Boyd, RN, BSN, MSN Mabel Hunsberger, ‘Chronically ill children
coping with repeated hospitalizations: Their perceptions and suggested interventions,’ Journal
of Pediatric Nursing, Volume 13, Issue 6, December 1998, Pages 330-342.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0882596398800213
 From this source, a qualitative research study was conducted for children with chronical
illnesses around the ages 10-13. They took journals and drew images of their perceived
stressors of hospitalization as well as the enhanced impact from friends and family and the
hospital environment on their coping process. The data collected from multiple children show
that many of their coping strategies was done by reaching out to friends and family, developing
patterns with their parents and utilizing the hospital environment. Children who kept returning
to the hospital for various reasons as well as for prolonged stays became adept at identifying
and implementing these coping strategies. From observing the data collected that over time
many children find their own ways of seeking for happiness when needed the most. This makes
me wonder about the children who have just started their first of many more treatments who
don’t know how to guide there’ve through these difficult times. This source gave me the
information that I would want to focus more on children who are just starting off and are very
timid and scared of the next couple steps so that playing games and building friendships is
there first guide to coping with their mental health.

Cinzia Correale, Chiara Falamesca, llaria Tondo, Marta Borgi, Francesca Cirulli, Mauro Truglio,
Oriana Papa, Laura Vabnoli, Cinzia Arzilli, Cristina Venturino, Michele Pellegrini, Valentina
Manfredi, Rossella Sterpone, Teresa Grimaldi Capitello, Simonetta Gentile, Simona Cappelletti,
‘Depressive Anxiety Symptoms in Hospitalized Children with Chronic Illness during the First
Italian COVID-19 Lockdown,’ Journals, Children, Volume 9, Issue 8, 2 August 2022
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/9/8/1156

This last source talked about the specifically the effects of the Covid-19 on the mental
well-being of many children with chronic illnesses. A multi-centered cross-section study among
pediatric patients in 6 public children’s hospitals in the first lockdown, with the aim of assessing
the proportion of children with Cl presenting anxiety and depressive symptoms. This test was
conducted between ages 11-18 who had at least one chronic condition. In result, there was
found to be a high proportion of children showing mild to server depression and anxiety
symptomatology. It is evident that these results highlight the need of ensuring tailored
psychological interventions to protect children with cl from the effect of the pandemic. From
reading over this article, it helped me understand how easily something can damage a child’s
mental health. Considering the immediate effects of being diagnosed with a chronical illness at
a young age, the pandemic would have increased that impact. This showed me how much more
interaction with myself and these children is a key step in being successful in my project.