Page No.

HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH COMPOSITE wALLS

Experiment No.: 2 Date: / / s

Description

Ihe apparatus consists of a central heater sandwiched between

two aluminum pla
Three types of slabs are provided on both sides of heater which forms a composite structure. r

small hand press frame is

provided to ensure the perfect contact between the slabs. A dimmerstat
variac is provided for varying the input to the heater and measurement
of input is carried out oy

voltmeter and an ammeter.

Thermocouples are embedded between interfaces of the slabs. to read the temperatureS at
the surface. The experiment can be conducted at. various values of input and calculation can De
made accordingly.

Specifications: Slab size (from coil)

(a) C.I. 30 cm. x 20 mm thick.
(b) Wood 30 cm. x 20 mm thick.
(c) Hylam 30 cm. x 20 mm thick.

Heater: Nichrome heater wound on mica with control unit capacity 3000 watt maximum.
Heater control unit: 0-230V. 0-2A single phase dimmerstat (1 no.)
Voltmeter 0-100-200 V Ammeter 0-2 A.

Temperature indicator for thermocouple 0-300 °C.

Service required -
A. C. single phase 230V. Electric supply.

Experiments to be carried out

(A) To determine total thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of composite wall.
(B) To plot temperature gradient along composite wall structure.
 7

Bakelt2
i 12-
C.I.
:14

HAND wHEEL scREw CAINET FRRICATED FROME ACRYIc SHEET (narELI

PRESS WOOD PLATE M.5.M.S. PLATE HEATR (1M47ER SCoEF HERMCOEsnce
11-18 THERMCCOarLE POSITIONS

(DF COMPOSTTE A1LS APPARATUS.

SCHEMATIC DTAGRAM
 Page No.

Precautions

1. Keep dimmerstat to zero before start.

2. Increase the voltage slowly.
3. Keep all the assembly undisturbed.
4. Remove air gap between plates slowly by moving hand press gently
5. When removing the plates do not disturb the thermocouples.
6. Do not increase voltage above 120 volts.

7. Operate selector switch of temperature indicator slowly.

Procedure:

Arrange the plates in proper fashion (symmetrical) on both sides of the heater plates
(1) See that plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the heater plates.
(2) Operate the hand press properly to ensure perfect contact between the plates.
(3) Close the box by cover sheet to achieve steady environmental conditions.

(4) Start the supply of heater. By varying the dimmerstat adjust the input at the desired value
(range 30-70 watts).
(5) Take readings of all the thermocouples at an interval of 10 minutes until the steady state is
rezched:

(6) Note down the steady state readings in the observation table.

Observations:

(1) Wall thickness:

A. C.I. = 2 cm.

B. Wood = 2 cmn.

C. Hylam = 2 cm.
 Page No

Where

A=
4
d half diameter of plates

Q In any one direction =

Q/2 Watts

(1) Total thermal resistance of composite slab,

RTotal TA-Ip-=
(2) Thermal conductivity of composite slab,

gb
KComposite TA-TD
b Total thickness of slab.
(3) To plot thickness of slab material v/s temperature gradient.

(4) Calculate thermal conductivity of individual materials,

gbc. gbHylam qbWood

Kc.1.TA-TB KHylam Tp-Tc KwoodTe -Tp
(5) Verify your results from standard data.

Draw the temperature distribution along wall thickness.

(6)

References

(1) A text book on heat transfer:Dr.S.P.Sukhatme.

(2) engineering heat transfer: J.P. Holman.

Conclusions