Vocabulary

• Percent of change indicates how much a quantity increases or decreases with

respect to the original amount. Whenever there is a change (increase or
decrease), it can be expressed as a percent of increase or of decrease.
• Percent of increase is called if the new amount or value is greater than the
original amount or value.
• Percent of decrease is called if the new amount or value is less than the
original amount or value.
• Discount is the amount deducted from the original price.
• Markup is an increase in the price of an item.
• Commission is an amount of money added to the principal amount borrowed
or invested after a period of time.
• Sales Tax commonly known as Value Added Tax (VAT), is a certain percent
added to the amount of purchases.
Finding Percent
of Increase
Formula 1:
1. The price of a 1 kilo kalamansi before is ₱ 30.00
but the seller increases it to ₱ 60.00. Can you tell
how much percent of increase did the seller get
from selling kalamansi?
2. Find the percent of increase from 8 to 14.
3. The number of members of Math Club Society
listed on the table below. What is the percent of
increase in membership of Math Society Club?
School Year Number of
Members
2011-2012 243
2012-2013 652
1. The price of a 1 kilo kalamansi before is ₱ 30.00
but the seller increases it to ₱ 60.00. Can you tell
how much percent of increase did the seller get
from selling kalamansi?
Finding Percent of
Decrease
When a particular amount is getting lower from its
original value, we describe the change(s) as a
decrease, and we present this using percent.
Formula 1:
1. Find the percent of decrease from ₱
1,278.00 to ₱ 1,150.20.
 2. The price of an LPG tank has decreased by 5%
from its original price of ₱ 710.00. By how much
has the amount decreased? What is the new price
of the LPG tank?
To get the amount of decrease:
Amount of Decrease = Percent of Decrease x Original Amount
To get the new price:
New Price = Original Amount x (100% - Percent of Decrease)
2. The price of an LPG tank has decreased by 5%
from its original price of ₱ 710.00. By how much
has the amount decreased? What is the new price
of the LPG tank?
Finding Discount
and Sale Price
 Example 1 Lyka waited until after summer to buy
a dress. She found one amounting to ₱ 2,500.00
and was selling at a discount of 40%. How much
did she save by waiting? How much did she pay for
the dress?
 Example 2 A wristwatch was sold for ₱ 2,100.00
with a 16% discount. What was the original price
of the wristwatch?

The original price

of the wristwatch
is ₱ 2,500.00.
 Finding
Markup Rate
Example 1 In a bookstore, the owner adds a
markup of ₱ 3.30 on all the products. What is the
markup rate of a notebook that costs ₱ 33.00?

The markup rate

of the notebook
is 10%.
Example 2 A fish vendor adds a markup of
₱10.50 on his goods. What is the markup rate of a
milkfish that costs ₱120.00?

The markup of
the milkfish is
8.75%
 Finding
Commission
Example 1 Mr. Baclaya, a real estate agent, receives
a 5% commission on the property he sells. What is
his commission if he sold a lot at ₱1,040,000.00?

Mr. Baclaya’s
commission is ₱
52,000.00
Example 2 Last month, Mr. Baclaya was given a
commission of ₱ 80,000 at 8% commission rate for
selling some properties. Find the total amount of the
properties he sold.

Mr. Baclaya had a

total sales of ₱
1,000,000.00
 Finding
Sales Tax
Example1 A group of Grade 6 pupils ate in a fast food
restaurant. If their orders totaled ₱ 750.00 plus a 12%
VAT, how much is the total amount they paid to the
cashier?
Example2: Ana went to grocery store to buy their
daily needs. If her order totaled ₱978.00 plus a 12%
VAT, how much is the total amount she will paid to
the cashier?
Finding Simple
Interest
Example 1 Jaypee opens a savings account in National
Commercial Bank where the money earns 1.5%
interest per year. If he has ₱ 7,500.00 in his account,
how much interest will the money earn in one year?
Example 2 Coach Bernard borrowed money from his friend at
8% simple interest. If he paid an interest of ₱ 480.00 after 18
months, how much money did he borrow?