Generic Name: Pharmacologic Class: Pharmacodynamics General Indication: - Acute angle- CNS: Anterograde Before Drug

Diazepam Benzodiazepine or Mechanism of  To relieve closure glaucoma amnesia, anxiety, Administration

Action: anxiety - hypersensitivity to ataxia, confusion, - Do not dilute or mix
Trade/Brand Name: Therapeutic Class: May potentiate effects  To treat diazepam or its depression, dizziness, with any other drug.
Diastat, Diazemuls, Anticonvulsant, of gamma symptoms of components drowsiness, fatigue, Otherwise, it may
Valium anxiolytic, sedative- aminobutyric acid acute alcohol - untreated open- headache, insomnia, become unstable and
hypnotic, skeletal (GABA) and other withdrawal angle glaucoma lethargy, light- increase the risk of
Minimum dose: muscle relaxant Inhibitory  To provide headedness, serious adverse
5 mg q3-4h PRN neurotransmitters by muscle relaxation paradoxical reactions.
Pregnancy Category: binding to specific and sedation reactions, psychiatric
Maximum dose: D benzodiazepine  To treat seizures effects, sedation, During Drug
10 mg q3-4h PRN receptors in limbic and  To treat status sleepiness, slurred Administration
cortical areas of CNS. epilepticus and speech, suicidal - Give direct IV by
Patient’s Dose: GABA inhibits severe recurrent ideation, tremor, injecting drug slowly,
5 mg IVTT STAT excitatory stimulation, seizures vertigo taking at least 1 min
which helps control  To treat tetanus for each 5 mg (1 mL).
Route: emotional behavior. CV: Hypotension, - Monitor I&O ratio,
Intravenous Limbic system Patient’s Indication: palpitations, including urinary and
contains For relief of patient’s tachycardia bowel elimination.
Frequency: a dense area of vertigo -Ensure safety of the
STAT benzodiazepine EENT: Blurred vision, patient.
receptors, which may diplopia, dry mouth,
Availability: explain drug’s increased salivation After Drug
Tablet antianxiety effects. Administration
Oral Solution GI: Anorexia, - Observe patient
Solution for injection Pharmacokinetics: constipation, diarrhea, closely and monitor
Rectal gel Absorption: Readily elevated liver vital signs when
from GI tract; erratic enzymes, jaundice, diazepam is given
Content: IM absorption. nausea, vomiting parenterally;
 hypotension, muscular
Onset: 1–5 min IV. GU: Libido changes, weakness, tachycardia,
urinary incontinence, and respiratory
Peak: 15 min– urine retention depression may occur.
1 h IV -Supervise ambulation.
HEME: Neutropenia Adverse reactions such
Distribution: as drowsiness and
Crosses blood–brain MS: dysarthria, muscle ataxia are more likely
barrier weakness to occur.
Diazepam, anhydrous - Monitor lab tests:
lactose, corn starch, Metabolism: In liver to RESP: Respiratory Periodic CBC.
pregelatinized starch active metabolites. depression
and calcium stearate
Elimination: Primarily SKIN: Dermatitis
in urine. Half-Life: 20–
50 h. Other: Physical and
psychological
dependence

References:

Vallerand, A., Sanoski, C., & Deglin, J. (2017). Drug Guide for Nurses. 15th Ed. FA Davis Company: Philadelphia

Schull, P. D. (2013). McGraw-Hill nurses drug handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

JONES & BARTLETT LEARNING. (2018). Nurses Drug Handbook. SUDBURY.