UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER

ERGONOMI

DISUSUN OLEH :
ANDI NURUL ARIFAH
19TIA581
KELAS TIA 2A

JURUSAN TEKNIK INDUSTRI AGRO

POLITEKNIK ATI MAKASSAR
2020/2021
 UJIAN TENGAH SEMESTER ERGONOMI

1. Make an example of an ergonomic triangle framework on daily life, explain the

types of tasks, human limitations and what ergonomic interventions can be done.
Answer

Human Limitedness Tasks

 Fatigue
 Doesn’t have  Washing many
free time. Goals : clothes with
 Productivity manual way.
 Take it dry and
 Well-being
it was spend a
lot of time.

Ergonomic Intervention

 Use washing machine which is

equipped by dryer technology.
 Employ someone who is used to it.
 Practice until it become habit.

Based on triangle framework above, it’s focus on physical tasks, so it was include part
of physical ergonomic.

Explanation:
Task that I choose was washing clothes with manual way. This daily activities,
doesn’t mean just washing clothes but until it dry. Human who is do the task has a
limitedness. Human limitedness of this tasks was fatigue and doesn’t have free time
to do it. “Washing Clothes” was activity that spend a lot of time especially if we are
not used to it. The Ergonomic Intervention that can be done, like use washing
machine which is equipped by dryer technology, employ someone who is used to it
 and practice until it become habit. This interventions can increase productivity
because it can reduce work time or can complete the task in a less time. In addition,
humans feel more comfortable (well-being) because they don’t feel too tired anymore.

2. Count the pulse, each of you and a family member of the opposite gender.
a. Resting pulse
b. Working pulse
c. Work pulse
d. Calculate the energy expenditure of each while working
e. Calculate one of the work requirements of the subject that you are measuring
f. Calculate one of the oxygen consumption and group it into which category
g. Attach photos of measurements
Answer
a. Resting pulse (Arifah) : 64 pulse/minute
Resting pulse (Andong) : 72 pulse/minute

b. Working pulse (Arifah) : 110 pulse/minute

Working pulse (Andong) : 119 pulse/minute

c. Work pulse ( Arifah) : 110 – 64 = 46 pulse/minute

Work pulse (Andong) : 119 – 72 = 47 pulse/minute

d. Energy Expenditure (Arifah)

Energy while working (Et) :
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038X + (4.71733 x 10-4) . X2
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038 (110) + (4.71733 x 10-4) . 1102
Y = 1.80411 – 2.519418 + 4.71733 x 10-4 . 121 x 102
Y = 4.99 kcal/minute

Resting Energy (Ei) :

Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038X + (4.71733 x 10-4) . X2
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038 (64) + (4.71733 x 10-4) . 642
Y = 1.80411 – 1.4658432 +( 4.71733 x 10-4) . 4,096
Y = 2.27 kcal/minute
 Energy Consumption (KE) :
KE = Et – Ei
KE = 4.99 – 2.27
KE = 2.72 kcal/minute

Energy Expenditure (Andong)

Energy While Working (Et) :
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038X + (4.71733 x 10-4) . X2
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038 (119) + (4.71733 x 10-4) . 1192
Y = 1.80411 – 2.7255522 + 6.680211013
Y = 5.76 kcal/minute

Resting Energy (Ei) :

Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038X + (4.71733 x 10-4) . X2
Y = 1.80411 – 0.0229038 (72) + (4.71733 x 10-4) . 722
Y = 1.80411 – 1.6490738 + 2.445463872
Y = 2.6 kcal/minute

Energy Consumption (KE) :

KE = Et – Ei
KE = 5.76 – 2.6
KE = 3.16 kcal/minute

e. Calculate the subject's work requirements (Myself) :

 Determine Body Mass Index (BMI) :
Weight
BMI = 2
( Height )
45 kg
=
(1.51 meter )2

= 19.7 (Means Normal Weight)

  Determine Basal Calories
Woman: 45 kg x 25 cal/kg = 1,125 calories
Light Activity: 10% x 1,125 cal = 112.5 calories +
Total Calories = 1,237.5 calories

 Total Physical Work Energy Consumption (Work Metabolism)

= Basal Calories Value + Working Calories Value
= 1,237.5 + 2.72
= 1,239.72 calories

 Calculate the subject's work requirements (Andong) :

 Determine Body Mass Index (BMI) :
Weight
BMI =
( Height )2
75 kg
= 2
(1.6 meter )

= 29.3 (Means Obes I)

 Determine Basal Calories

Man: 75 kg x 30 cal/kg = 2,250 calories
Medium Activity: 20% x 2,250 cal = 450 calories +
Total Calories = 2,700 calories

 Total Physical Work Energy Consumption (Work Metabolism)

= Basal Calories Value + Working Calories Value
= 2,700 + 3.16
= 2,703.16 calories

f. It is known that 1 liter of oxygen is consumed by the body, it will get 4.8 kcal of
energy, so:
 Oxygen Consumption (myself) :
= 2.72 kcal/minute / 4.8 kcal
= 0.56 liter/minute (Category : Light)
  Oxygen Consumption (Andong) :
= 3.16 kcal/minute / 4.8 kcal
= 0.66 liter/minute (Category : Light)

g. Photos of measurment

Myself (Arifah) Andong

 3. Look at several products and objects around you. Choose one of them that is not
anthropometrically ergonomic. Explain the dimensions of these products, that you
think don’t pay attention to the anthropometry of the user. Example of a broom
(handle and height of the broom) attach a photo of the product.
Answer

Height of Electric Fan

The Handle Part

Button

Explanation:
Based on the picture above, the dimensions of electric fan that don’t pay
attention with anthropometry their user, namely: height of electric fan, button, and
the handle part. “Height of Electric Fan” doesn’t match with height of user (my
family) because it’s too short and the wind only reaches the lower part of the body if
we were standing or sitting on a slightly high chair. Height of Electric Fan was 62 cm
meanwhile average height of user (my family) were 159.6 cm. It’s requires a desk
underneath for it to be worn comfortably.
Next “Button of Electric Fan”, height from low part of Electric Fan until
button location was 35 cm. If we were compare it with the average user height and
saw the response from user. We can conclude that this dimension doesn’t look at
anthropometry their user. Because it can make a backache, if we often use it.
Last, “The Handle Part” when we lift The Electric Fan through the handle, it
doesn't fit our hands especially the fingers.
4. Look at the activities that are carried out around you, do a REBA assessment of
these activities. You can download the REBA table on the lecture slide. And attach
a photo.
Answer

picture : Lifting Gallon

Explanation :

Based on the picture above, we can see someone lifting a gallon which is weight
about 15 kg. His back looks a little bit down or bend. To see if the activity were ergonomic or
needs improvement, we can use the REBA table. Based on REBA table above, The REBA
score value obtained was 6 (moderate risk level). It’s mean that activities need some action to
avoid work accidents.