DATA LAB MEMBRANE TEST UNIT

1. Weight Jug (g):

2. Weight Tube (g):

Sampling weight (g)

Time
(Min)
Membrane 1 Membrane 2 Membrane 3 Membrane 4

10

PIC Timer:
PIC Record:
PIC Valves:
DISCUSSION
Based on the results obtained after conducting the experiment for all 4 membranes, itis found
that the mass flowrate for each of the membranes are very far apart. The mass flowrates keep
increasing as membrane 3 is higher than membrane 2 and membrane 2 is higher than
membrane . !n the other hand, membrane 4 mass flowrate is far higher than the other three
membranes, giving the highest value.There are several reasons why there is a large difference
in the values of massflowrates obtained for the 4 membranes used in this experiment. The
characteristics of eachmembrane play an important role in determining the flowrate obtained.
"s stated before, thematerials used for each membrane is different, that is for membrane ,
"#$ %% &'olyamide#ilm(, for membrane 2, "#$4) &'olyamide #ilm(, for membrane 3 is $"
2)2 &$elluloseacetate( and for membrane 4 is #' )) &'*+#(.The characteristics which are
considered in this experiment are hydrophilicity,apparent retention, and solvent resistance.
#irstly is hydrophilicity. ydrophilic is acharacteristic in which that certain substance is
attracted to water or moist, or in other words,water-loving. Therefore, hydrophilicity is the
measure of how strong the affinity of thatsubstance towards water or moist. t can be said
that, the higher the hydrophilicity of asubstance, the higher the rate of water absorption of
that substance.#rom this data, we can observe that "#$ %% 'olyamide #ilm has the highest
value of hydrophilicity, while #')) '*+# has the lowest. #rom this, it can be said that "#$ %
%'olyamide #ilm has the highest water absorption rate, as it is the most hydrophilic, and
#'))'*+# has the lowest water absorption rate, as it is the least hydrophilic. /elating this to
theresults obtained from the experiment, the assumptions mentioned are 0uite relevant.
Theflowrate for membrane , which is "#$ %% 'olyamide #ilm, is the lowest among the
4membranes. This concludes that for membrane , the rate of water absorption during
filtration process is high, thus resulting in a low water re1ection rate. !n the other hand, the
flow ratefor membrane 4, which is #')), is the highest among the 4 membranes. This
concludes thatfor membrane 4, the water in the sample solution is being absorbed at a very
low rate duringfiltration process, due to its characteristic of low hydrophilicity, thus resulting
in a very highwater re1ection rate.

Max.
Type of Max. Applicable
# Material pH
Membrane Pressure Module
Range
Polyvinylidene
1 FP100 difluoride 1.5 - 12 10 MF
(PVDF)
Cellulose
2 CA202 UF
acetate
Polyamide
3 AFC 40 low-pressure 1.5 -9.5 60 NF
film
Polyamide
4 AFC99 high-pressure 1.5 - 12 64 RO
Film