9 ARTS

QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1
MELCs:
• Analyze art elements and principles in the production of work
following the style of a Western and Classical Art; and
• Identify distinct characteristics of arts during the different art
periods.

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PART I.

A. Introduction
Western art forms are based on the existing culture of each country. These cover various forms of art
from different periods such as the ancient period, the classical period, and the medieval period. Ancient
art refers to the earliest surviving works of art like cave paintings and portable sculptures of humans and
animals. Whereas classical art refers to the Greek and Roman works of art such as majestic paintings and
elaborate sculptures of men and women, which dates back as early as 500 BC. Medieval art, on the other
hand, refers to the works of art like religious paintings and sculptures, which were created during the
Middle Ages and covers the period between AD 1100 and 1500.

B. Discussion
Ancient Art
The ancient times can be classified into three periods: Paleolithic (Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle
Stone Age), and Neolithic (New Stone Age). Ancient art during these periods includes all evidence of
human existence and culture before the emergence of writing. Some examples of ancient art are paintings,
sculptures, and pottery engravings, which show social and spiritual concepts that the early civilizations
believed in.
Paleolithic artists usually used five main colors in creating art. These colors are yellow, red, brown,
black, and white and depicted animals, humans, and archaic symbols. These symbols may be drawn or
sculpted realistically, or represented by giving emphasis on a subject's distinctive characteristic, such as
the horn of a rhinoceros. Paintings, low relief sculptures, and engravings with these symbols adorned areas
of caves and rock shelters where hunter-gatherers lived. Caves symbolized life emanating from within and
cave dwellers represented their world and beliefs through visual images such as cave art. Cave art consists
of five principal motifs: human figures, animals, tools and weapons, rudimentary local maps, and symbols
or ideograms. These motifs are done on portable objects (engraved, sculpted, or clay modelled) and
immovable surfaces (rock paintings and engravings). A well-known example of cave art is the Lascaux
Cave paintings. These are abstract representations done using brushes made from animal fur.

Egyptian civilization was one of the early civilizations that have greatly contributed in the development
of art, religion, science, and technology of the world. Egyptian art is primarily religious in nature.

Classical Art
Classical art began in from 2,000 BC – 4000 BC. It includes the types of art produced by the advanced
cultures of ancient societies like Egypt, Greece, and Rome. Generally, classical art refers to the interest

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 and emulation for the classical artistic heritage of Greece and Rome. Even hundreds of years after, the
influence of these two empires can still be seen in government buildings and outdoor monuments.
Ancient Greek art depicts naturalism. They portray human forms in a realistic and anatomically correct
manner. Their art has a conservative form with a very complex detail.
Roman art developed as a new source of artistic creativity much more progressive than the
conservative Greek art. The diversity of its form and its variety inspired the modern attitude in art.
Medieval Art
Medieval period covers 1,000 years of art in Europe, Middle East, and North Africa, which includes
mosaic walls and domes and fresco paintings adorning churches. Panel paintings were also introduced
during this period and were seen in church monasteries such as the Monastery of St. Catherine in Sinai.
These paintings refer to paintings that were joined together using encaustic wax on portable wooden
panels.
Another popular form of art that was created during the medieval period was the Garima Gospels from
Ethiopia. These refer to ancient, illuminated manuscripts containing the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke,
and John, and a set of canon tables.
All forms of art during this period are referred to as medieval art. Medieval art can be classified into
three major styles: Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic art.
Byzantine art was purposely made to glorify the Christian religion and to express its mystery. It is
filled with spiritual symbolism, illustrates a love of splendor. It was a combination of Eastern (decorative
art forms) and classical Western art (naturalistic art).
Romanesque art was characterized by its very vigorous style in painting and sculpture, lavishly
decorated manuscripts, and retained many basic features of Roman architectural styles. It was also greatly
influenced by Byzantine art with a highly innovative and coherent style.
The basic characteristics of Gothic art styles reinforce symbolic meanings. The church symbolizes the
transcendence of the soul, and the underlying philosophy is to create buildings of height and light.
Different eras different styles, different characteristics and functions of the arts occurred but all of those
contributed to the development and establishing the importance of arts in our lives today.

C. Readings
Western art had its foundations in the artistic production of ancient Greece and Rome? These diverse
artistic traditions spread throughout the European continent with the advent of Christianity. It has spread
to the American continent in the late 15th century. Western art, particularly the visual arts, are the art
forms of Europe and regions that share a European cultural tradition, including the United States and
Canada. At the turn of the 21st century, Western art is now considered to have the ability to cross national
boundaries in style and message, although elements of national traditions were still retained.

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D. Examples
ANCIENT ARTS PAINTINGS
CAVE OF LASCAUX
(discovered by Marcel Ravidat in Montignac, France on
September 12, 1940)
Has nearly 2,000 figures composed mainly of large animals
native in the region, human figures and abstract design
painted in a cave as a way of communicating each other.

Figure 1. https://tinyurl.com/h99jcdzu
CLASSICAL ARTS PAINTINGS
JUDGMENT OF PARIS
Painted on an amphora, a black figure pottery from Attica
which displayed the veneration of gods and heroes in their
representation of myths

Figure 2. https://tinyurl.com/3utema4r

MEDIEVAL ARTS PAINTINGS

THE COURT OF EMPRESS THEODORA
(Found in Basilica of San Vitale in Italy)
Mosaic of an Asian Queen with dark eyes and hair with
fierce expression.

Figure 3. https://tinyurl.com/kv37dbab

ANCIENT ARTS SCULPTUPE

VENUS OF WILLENDORF
(Found on August 07, 1908 by a work man named Josef
Szombathy in Willendorf, Lower Austria)
Carved fromoolitic limestone showing heavy breast and large
abdomen believed to be a charm to ensure fertility.

Figure 4. https://tinyurl.com/68xkdrne

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CLASSICAL ARTS SCULPTURE
MYRON: THE DISCOBOLUS
(Created on 460 – 450 BC by Myron of Eleutherae, an
Athenian Sculptor known for his bronze artworks of
athletes)
Figuring a youthful ancient Greek athlete throwing a discus
in which original sculpture was made of Bronze but was lost,
some copies were made out of marble and smaller replicas
were made of bronze.

Figure 5. https://tinyurl.com/ms69f8w
MEDIEVAL ARTS SCULPTURE
THE LAST JUDGMENT
(Carved by Gislebertus before 1135 in Cathedral of Saint-
Lazare in Autun, France)
Displayed in the tympanum covered with plaster and its
centre Christ is enthroned in a gloriole held by angels.

Figure 6. https://tinyurl.com/4wf8ra3c

ANCIENT ARTS ARCHITECTURE

PYRAMID OF GIZA
Funerary structures in limestone and granite of the three
kings of the 4th Dynasty namely: Khufu (Cheops), Khafa
(Chepren) and Menkaura (Mycerinus).

Figure 7. https://tinyurl.com/28kp4nb5

CLASSICAL ARTS ARCHITECTURE

THE COLOSSEUM
(70-82 AD in Rome, Italy)
An oval amphitheater built of travertine limestone, tuff
(volcanic rock) and brick-faced concrete used for
gladiatorial contests and public spectacles.

Figure 8. https://tinyurl.com/4wf8ra3c

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PART II. ACTIVITY PROPER
Activity 1.
Direction: Loop the given words that are connected to the Western and Classical Art in the grid.
Copy and Answer in a separate sheet

Ancient Classical
Medieval Romanesque
Byzantine Gothic
Naturalism Symbolic
Panel Cave

A U F I G O T H I C T R A W Q

A E M B A B C C D E F P R Q O

B N O N L A M N M O V A E E P

M I X Y V N N E E Z A N N U N

C T L E K J G C D I C E I Q A

A N L A H I A L I H F L T S T

D A K Z J A I A E E H G N E U

E Z A Y B C D S V E N F A N R

S Y M B O L I C A R T T Z A E

F B S A N A A L L N N M V M P

K E C L A S S I C A C A B O A

J D L A C I S S A L C T Y R S

I I Q S Y M B O L I I C H I H

H W O W N A T U R A L I S M T

G Q W E A N C C E N I E N A P

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Activity 2.
Direction: Analyze and identify the photos presented whether Ancient, Classical, or Medieval.

PAINTINGS

1.________________________________ 2.________________________________

SCULPTURE

1.________________________________ 2.________________________________

ARCHITECTURE

1.________________________________ 2.________________________________

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KEY TO CORRECTIONS
Activity 1

A U F I G O T H I C T R A W Q

A E M B A B C C D E F P R Q O

B N O N L A M N M O V A E E P

M I X Y V N N E E Z A N N U N

C T L E K J G C D I C E I Q A

A N L A H I A L I H F L T S T

D A K Z J A I A E E H G N E U

E Z A Y B C D S V E N F A N R

S Y M B O L I C A R T T Z A E

F B S A N A A L L N N M V M P

K E C L A S S I C A C A B O A

J D L A C I S S A L C T Y R S

I I Q S Y M B O L I I C H I H

H W O W N A T U R A L I S M T

G Q W E A N C C E N I E N A P

Activity 2
Painting
1. Ancient 2. Classical

Sculpture

1. Medieval 2. Ancient

Architecture

1. Ancient 2. Classical

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PART III. SUMMATIVE EVALUATION

A. Direction: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is incorrect about Western
Classical Art.
______1. Yellow, red, brown, black, and green are usually used five main colors in creating art by
Paleolithic artists.
______2. Classical art began in from 2,000 BC – 4000 BC.
______3. Roman art depicts naturalism.
______4. The favorite subjects during this Greek period were the gods and athletes.
______5. A well-known example of cave art is the Lascaux Cave paintings.
______6. Garima Gospels from Ethiopia refers to ancient, illuminated manuscripts containing the
gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, and a set of canon tables.
______7. Romanesque art was characterized by its very vigorous style in painting and sculpture, lavishly
decorated manuscripts, and retained many basic features of Roman architectural styles.
______8. The Cave of Lascaux has nearly 2,000 figures composed mainly of large animals native in the
region, human figures and abstract design painted in a cave as a way of communicating each other.
______9. Gothic greatly influenced by Byzantine art with a highly innovative and coherent style.
______10. The ancient times can be classified into three periods: Paleolithic (Stone Age), Meolithic
(Middle Stone Age), and Neolithic (New Stone Age).
B. Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on the space provided.
______1. Ancient art during the three periods includes all evidence of human existence and culture
before the emergence of _____.
a. Painting b. Sculpting c. Architecture d. Writing
______2. What are the basic characteristics of Gothic art styles?
a. Human b. Nature c. Symbolic Meanings d. Codes
______3. Classical art refers to the interest and emulation for the classical artistic heritage of _____.
a. Egypt and Rome c. Greece and Rome
b. Greece and Egypt d. Rome and Egypt
______4. These refer to ancient, illuminated manuscripts containing the gospels of Matthew, Mark,
Luke, and John, and a set of canon tables.
a. Garima Gospels b. Byzantine c. Romanesque d. Gothic
______5. This period of ancient times was described as New Stone Age.
a. Byzantine c. Paleolithic
b. Mesolithic d. Neolithic

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C. Direction: Study the picture below and answer the following questions. A rubric will be used to rate your
answer.

1. What are the art elements and principles that you can see in the picture?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the message of the painting?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

POINT CRITERIA SCORE

Content and Organization
The content is very substantial. The organization of thoughts is logical
5
and well presented in a comprehensive manner.
The content is quite substantial. The organization of thoughts is
4
somewhat logical and is presented in a comprehensive manner.
The contents lightly substantial. The organization of thoughts is logical
3
and well presented in a comprehensive manner.
The content is not substantial. The organization of thoughts is illogical
2
and well presented in a superficial manner.
1 The content needs revision and improvement.

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References:

A. Books

Mary Grace J. Badiola, Mary Ann C. Vecino, Danilo S. Duyan, Mae B. Bongcawil, Jenny C.
Mendoza, Ace Sauden B. Pambuan, Lourdes R. Siobal, 2014, A Journey Through Western Music and
Arts 9, Philippines: Department of Education, pp. 187-205

B. Online and Other Sources

http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/ancient-art.htm
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/definitions/classicism-in-art.htm
https://cofo.libguides.com/arthistory/medieval-romanesque
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_art
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/ancient-art.htm
https://www.theartstory.org/movement/classical-greek-and-roman-art/history-and-concepts/
https://www.scribd.com/document/471691513/arts9-module

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 DIVISION SELF LEARNING MODULES (SLM)
ARTS 9 - QUARTER 1 – MODULE 1
ANSWER KEY: SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
A.
1. False 6. True
2. True 7. True
3. False 8. True
4. True 9. False
5. True 10. False

B.
1. D
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. D

C. Refer to the criteria

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