C6.

5b Equations, RAMs and RFMs

This is the equation for the reaction of carbon dioxide with limewater (calcium hydroxide):
Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s) + H2O (l)
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The formula for calcium hydroxide shows that two hydroxide ions (OH ) combine with one
calcium ion.

1 Write down everything that this equation tells you.

2 Explain why this is a useful test for carbon dioxide.

Use these RAMs to answer questions 3–6.

Element Symbol RAM

hydrogen H 1

carbon C 12

nitrogen N 14

oxygen O 16

sodium Na 23

aluminium Al 27

sulfur S 32

calcium Ca 40

titanium Ti 48

zinc Zn 64

bromine Br 80

3 Which element has atoms with twice as much mass as sulfur?

4 How does the mass of a calcium atom compare with the mass of a bromine

atom? 5 Oxygen can be found as ozone, O3. What is the RFM of ozone?

6 Write down the RFM of each of these chemicals.

a ethanol, C2H6O
b sodium oxide, Na2O
c calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2
d titanium dioxide, TiO2
e zinc carbonate, ZnCO3
f butane, C4H10
g zinc hydroxide, Zn(OH)2
h aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3
354 Longman 21st Century Additional Science OCR Higher Copymaster File © Pearson Education Limited 2007