Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Pablo Borbon Main I, Batangas City, Philippines 4200
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Tel. No. (043) 980-0385 local 1128

ACTIVITY 1 in WAVES and OPTICS

GROUP 4: Catibog, Katherine

De Chavez, Jakeques
De Sagun, Jacquilyn
Fajutag, Angelika Faith
Herrera, Kenneth
Ilagan, Clarisse Nicolle
Katigbak, Princess
Perez, Princess

Life is full of questions, but

some of them are explainable by
science. Haven't you wondered how
we hear people when they speak?
How do other vibrations, such as
earthquakes, happen? It's not magic,
it's science, and "waves" have
something to do with those things.

The first image that we visualize when we hear the word "wave" is the beach or ocean.
But we were unaware that there were numerous kinds of waves. Some can only be perceived or
felt; others are invisible. How would we describe waves to someone? What makes a "wave"
wave? Just like the usual waves that we see in the ocean, waves are motions from one place to
another. Although the ocean appears to be moving with waves, the water always settles back into
place. Another example is when we throw a stone into a body of water, such as a pond. A
disturbance will start as soon as we throw the stone into the pond. The water is disturbed out of
its balanced state. Since the energy is carried by the stone, a solid material, but not by the water
molecules, the water in the pond will move and will produce ripples. This means that only energy
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Pablo Borbon Main I, Batangas City, Philippines 4200
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Tel. No. (043) 980-0385 local 1128

is being transferred through the medium, rather than matter (water molecules). However, when
we describe the media, we may connect it to the news media, which is the most prevalent form
of media we are familiar with. In layman ’s terms, the media is the means by which the news is
distributed. The news is disseminated from its source through the media. This method is
synchronized with the wave medium or media in such a way that it transmits energy from one
place to another. The example mentioned is an example of a mechanical wave, and it requires a
medium to travel through. The medium can be solid, liquid, or gas. Therefore, waves are both a
transmission phenomenon of energy and a disturbance that propagates through a medium.

Waves exist in numerous shapes. We may think that waves only occur in the water, but
it's not. Three categories can be used to categorize waves: medium, disturbance type, and
appearance. Let's start by classifying objects based on the medium through which waves travel.
One of the finest examples of how mechanical waves need a material medium to propagate is
sound, which cannot move through a vacuum. For instance, light is made up of electromagnetic
waves that travel across electric and magnetic fields. i.e., it transmits through translucent or clear
materials. Gravitational waves move through gravitational fields. Similar to electromagnetic
waves, they can propagate through solid objects or void space. The matter waves, which are
probability waves and pertain to a quantum mechanical description of basic particles, come last.
The type of disturbance is another method of classification. The relative direction or shape is
called a disturbance. The four different forms of waves that are based on disturbances are
torsional waves, which are twisted waves; complex waves, which have circular or elliptical
disturbances; and transverse waves, which have perpendicular propagation disturbances.
Different disturbances are present for each wave. The last classification of a wave is based on
appearance, which simply means that it is based on what our eyes can see or what appears to
our eyes. Standing waves and traveling waves are the two waves underneath the appearance.
Standing waves, also known as stationary waves, do not appear to be propagating, while traveling
waves do. These are the different types of waves and how they move across space.

Furthermore, scientists categorize waves according to other characteristics that they use
to define them, such as frequency, amplitude, wavelength, and speed. The frequency of a pattern
refers to how frequently it repeats itself over time. The frequency of a wave is measured in Hertz
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Pablo Borbon Main I, Batangas City, Philippines 4200
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Tel. No. (043) 980-0385 local 1128

(Hz). The closer the waves are to one another and the more energy they carry, the higher the
frequency. The highest point of a wave is known as the crest, while the lowest point is known as
the through. "Wavelength" is a term used to indicate the separation between one location on one
wave and the identical spot on the adjacent wave. It is the length of one complete cycle. According
to the principle, higher frequencies result in shorter wavelengths but higher energy output. In
addition, when it comes to the measurement of the height of the wave from its resting position,
scientists use the term amplitude. The term "amplitude" is also used by scientists to describe the
measurement of the wave's height relative to its resting position. The maximum distance that a
wave can travel from its rest point is known as its amplitude. The transverse wave has a bigger
amplitude the farther it is from its resting position to its peak. In a certain way, longitudinal waves
are distinctive. The compression and rarefaction waves are extremely close together in a
longitudinal wave with a larger amplitude than usual. The compression and rarefaction waves are
separated by a smaller amplitude and closer by a larger amplitude. The speed of propagation is
influenced by the amount of time it takes for a wave to complete its travel. It determines the rate
of motion of the wave disturbance. A wave's speed fluctuates when it moves into a different
medium. In various media, waves move at different speeds.

In conclusion, waves can be described as a disturbance that propagates or travels through

the medium, transporting energy from one location or the source to another without transporting
matter, and somehow there are some properties that affect both the amount of energy and the
speed of the waves. Normally, wave motions can be visible or invisible to the senses of the human
body. Thus, the wave is simply classified by medium, disturbance type, and appearance, with the
medium being important for traveling and propagating the waves. Aligned to this, waves are also
made up of electromagnetic waves that travel through the electric and magnetic fields and are
transmitted by translucent materials, which is also closely related to gravitational waves that need
a solid object to propagate. And in terms of matter-wave, it is probably about the quantum
mechanical description of the basic particles. The other known classification method is the
disturbance, which is classically related to the directions and shape, and it consists of four different
types of waves according to the disturbances: torsional waves, twisted waves, complex waves,
and transverse waves. The two waves considered beneath the surface are standing waves and
travel. The parts of the transverse wave are the crest, trough, and resting positions. The
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Pablo Borbon Main I, Batangas City, Philippines 4200
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Tel. No. (043) 980-0385 local 1128

longitudinal wave is composed of compression and rarefaction. Through wavelength, we are able
to identify the distance between the waves. In general, amplitude and energy are closely related;
when the amplitude changes, the energy may also change. While the frequency and wavelength
are inversely related because when one increases, the other decreases, they are proportional
directly to each other. In summation, a wave is an oscillation that moves across a medium while
also transferring energy.