ME5203 End Semester Exam Maximum Marks: 100

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Advanced Mechanics of Solids (ME5203)
Time: 9:00 hrs to 12:00 hrs End Semester Exam Date: 08-Dec-2021
Instructor: Dr. Ratna Kumar Annabattula

Instructions
• Write your name and roll number on each page
• Scan all the pages in the order of their page numbers
• Upload your answer script as a single pdf file
• Save the file as <roll number> ME5203 EndSem.pdf
• Switch on the camera for the entire duration of your exam
• Make suitable assumptions as needed

1. Given the following strain components at a point in a continuum: E11 = E12 = E22 = k, (5)
E33 = 3k, E13 = E23 = 0, k = 10−6 . Does there exist a material element at the point
which decreases in length under the deformation? Explain your answer.
2. (a) Given a mirror whose normal is in the direction of e2 , find the matrix of the tensor S, (4)
which first transforms every vector into its mirror image and then transforms them
by a 45° right-hand rotation about the e1 -axis. Given a vector a = e1 + 2e2 + 3e3 ,
find the transformed vector under the above transformation.
(b) Find the matrix of the tensor T, which first transforms every vector by a 45° (4)
right-hand rotation about the e1 -axis and then transform them by a reflection with
respect to a mirror with a normal in e2 direction. Find the transformed vector of a
under the transformation T.
(c) Find the angle between the two transformed vectors. (2)
3. The Fibonacci numbers satisfy the recurrence relation Fn+1 = Fn +Fn−1 with F1 = F2 = 1. (5)
In matrix form this recurrence relation can be written as
   
Fn+1 Fn
=S ,
Fn Fn−1
     
1 1 Fn+1 F
where S = . Use the above matrix form to first express in terms of 2 ,
1 0 Fn F1
and then use this to find an explicit expression for Fn in terms of the eigenvalues λ1 and
λ2 of S.
4. Given the following strain components: (5)
1
E11 = f (X2 , X3 ),
α
ν
E22 = E33 = − f (X2 , X3 ), and E12 = E13 = E23 = 0.
α
Which functional form for f (X2 , X3 ) will ensure the compatibility of strain components?

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ME5203 End Semester Exam Maximum Marks: 100

5. The deformation field of a point is given by

x1 = X1 + kX2 , x2 = X2 , x3 = X3.

(a) Compute the deformation gradient. (2)

(b) Compute left-Cauchy deformation tensor. (2)
(c) Compute the Eulerian strain tensor. (2)
(d) With reference to the deformation of the nodes of a unit-square aligned with coor- (2)
dinate axes, draw the deformed geometry.
(e) Describe the geometric meaning of the diagonal entries of the Eulerian strain tensor. (3)
(f) For a unit cube with sides along the coordinate axes, what is the deformed volume? (2)
(g) What is the deformed area of the e1 face of the unit cube? (2)
(h) If the Cauchy stress tensor is given by T12 = 100 MPa, and all other Tij = 0, (5)
calculate the first Piola-Kirchoff stress tensor and the corresponding pseudo stress
vector for the plane whose undeformed plane is the e1 plane and compare it with
Cauchy stress vector in the deformed state.
(i) Calculate the second Piola-Kirchoff stress tensor and the corresponding pseudo- (5)
stress vector for the plane whose undeformed plane is the e1 plane. Also, calculate
the pseudo differential force for the same plane.

6. Given the following right Cauchy-Green deformation tensor at a point

 
9 0 0
C = 0 4 0 
0 0 0.36

(a) Find the stretch for the material elements that were in the direction e1 , e3 and e3 . (3)
(b) Find the stretch for the material element that was in the direction e1 + e2 . (2)
(c) Find cos θ, where θ is the angle between dx(1) and dx(2) and where dX(1) = dS1 e1 (5)
and dX(2) = dS2 e2 deform into dx(1) = ds1 m and dx(2) = ds2 n.

7. Consider the following stress tensor: (10)

 
x2 −x3 0
T = α −x3 0 −x2 
0 −x2 T33

Find an expression for T33 such that the stress tensor satisfies the equations of equilibrium
in the presence of body force b = −ge3 , where g is a constant.

8. Show that for an isotropic linear elastic material, the principal directions of stress and (5)
strains are coincident.

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ME5203 End Semester Exam Maximum Marks: 100

9. An isotropic elastic sphere of 5 cm radius is under the uniform stress field: (10)
 
6 2 0
T = 2 −3 0 MPa.
0 0 0

Find the change in volume of the sphere if the Young’s modulus and the shear modulus
of the material respectively are, 207 GPa and 80 GPa.

10. Compare the twisting torque that can be transmitted by a shaft with an elliptical cross- (10)
section having a major diameter equal to twice the minor diameter with a shaft of
circular cross-section having a diameter equal to the major diameter of the elliptical
shaft. Both shaft are made of the same material. Compare the unit twist under the same
twisting moment. Assume that the maximum twisting moment that can be transmitted
is controlled by maximum shearing stress.

11. Deduce the number of independent elastic constants required for a transversely isotropic (5)
linear elastic solid systematically starting from a fully anisotropic material.

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