Table Of Contents

Table Of Contents 1

Criterion A: Analysis Of A Design Opportunity 2

Problem Statement: 2
Existing Product Research 2
Design Brief 3
Design Specification 4

Criterion B: Conceptual Designs 6

Feasible Designs 6
Conceptual Design Evaluation Out Of 5 8
Justification For The Chosen Design: 8
Conceptual Model Of Final Design 9

Criterion C: Development Of Detailed Design 11

Selection Of Materials And Components (Final Product) 11
Selection Of Manufacturing Techniques 11
Detailed Design Proposal For Final Product (mm) 12
Manufacturing Plan For Prototype 16
3D Printed Scaled Down Model To 30% 17

BIbliography 18
Criterion A: Analysis Of A Design Opportunity
Problem Statement:
The world generates about 2.01 billion tons of waste each year, of which Urban India generates about 62
million tons of waste (Agarwal, 2020), out of which only about 11.9 million waste is treated or reused and
the rest goes to landfill or into the seas. Every year, waste accumulates and grows exponentially on land
and oceans, harming the climate and other living organisms. Most of the waste generated in India is
organic which implies it can be composted and can be used as a manure as fertilizer for agriculture. As
conscientious citizens, we can make it a habit to separate our waste and to decompose organic waste as
manure. To place the issue in a setting, I met several families in my neighborhood to find out how they treat
their waste. The result was overwhelming, I found that they had no information on how to separate the
waste, nor did they know how to decompose the organic waste. This led to a design opportunity to build a
compostable trash can for homeowners to treat their organic waste.

Image 1: An Household Dustbin Image 2: Waste Accumulation On Land

(Waste Accumulation On Lands, n.d.)

Existing Product Research

TrustBasket Trustbin Indoor Compost Bin (14 Liters)

Image 2: TrustBasket Trustbin Image 3: Process Of Decomposition

(TrustBasket Trustbin Indoor (TrustBasket Trustbin Indoor Compost Bin, n.d.)
Compost Bin, n.d.)
Strengths: Affordable (Rs 1699) and odorless
Weaknesses: Low capacity, complex decomposition process and immobile
Bio Drops Bokashi Bucket Indoor Composter (30 Liters)
Process Of Decomposition
1. Add 20g jaggery to the bottom of the bucket
2. Place the filter in bottom of the bucket
3. Take a sheet of paper and cover the filter with water
4. Deposit solid organic waste
5. Add 2 tablespoons of chopped compost maker evenly
6. Close the bokashi bucket in an air tight manner
7. Once the bin is full. There is no need to open the lit for
the next 15 days.Collect the fertilizer in a bottle using the
tap every three days
8. Keep the treated waste in the bokashi bucket after mixing
it with soil or coconut husk in 1:3 ratio for two or three
weeks
Image 4: Bokashi Bucket
(BOKASHI BUCKET INDOOR
COMPOSTER, n.d.)
Strengths: Affordable (Rs 1765), odorless, no worms and flies
Weaknesses: Low capacity, complex decomposition process and immobile

Orbin Solo - Composter for Households & Offices (110 Liters)

Process Of Decomposition
1. Start using the Orbin Solo
2. Add waste on daily-basis
3. Cover the waste with a layer of
orbin enzyme
4. Collect the liquid nutrient and
manure from the bottom lid of
Orbin Solo

Image 5: Orbin Solo Composter

(Orbin Solo - Composter for Households & Offices, n.d.)
Strengths: High capacity, easy decomposition process, portable, ventilation and odorless
Weaknesses: Expensive (Rs.15000)

Design Brief
Organic waste contains materials derived from living organisms. These wastes are found in industrial
waste, agricultural waste, household waste and sewage. Organic waste is usually dumped on the landfills
along with other types of waste, but since organic waste can be composed and reused, this can be
significantly reduced. I aim to design and build a product that easily decomposes organic waste generated
households into manure and liquid nutrients, and a product that encourages households to reuse or at least
separate their waste. The target group is primarily households, since organic waste is something that
households generate on a daily basis.The product must:
● The product must have a capacity of 40 kg. This allows the user to add organic waste daily for
approximately 30 to 45 days (number of days it takes to decompose a batch of organic waste).
● The product must have a compartment for the enzyme (instead of the enzyme, the user can use
cow dung or leaves) used to compost organic waste.
● The product must have an approach to remove liquid nutrients and manure that have decomposed
and accumulated at the bottom of the product.
● The product must have wheels for mobility.
 ● The product must have a ventilation system that allows air to circulate in and out of the product so
that the house does not smell.

Design Specification

Specification Justification

Target Must Cater to the The target group are households and restaurants that generate
Audience User's Needs organic waste on a daily basis. Research shows that approximately
more than 50% of the waste produced by households and
restaurants is organic waste and can therefore be treated and
reduced effectively.

Function Must be able to be The composter should not give off a bad smell. Secondary
odor free research suggests that using artificial filters or natural air filters
(mixture of cow dung and neem powder tablets) is said to prevent
bad odors and insects. The bad smell also suggests that:
1. Not adding enough composters.
2. Not closing the lid properly every day.
3. Placing the bin in heat (outside).

The process of The composting process should be easy and quick for every family
composition should or employee to use at home and in restaurants because the harder
be easy, fast and it is, the fewer people are willing to do it. Secondary research
less time consuming states that the quickest and easiest way to decompose waste is to:
Finely shred organic waste to increase decomposition surface
area, add a compost starter which consists of enzymes to start the
decomposition process. Continuously mix organic waste and
compost starter using a mixing device consisting of a DC motor.
(Using Calcium Oxide with the initial compost starter to maintain
initial heat and improve the speed of the composting process).

Must be Mobile The product needs to be portable so the user can carry the
compostable container around the home or restaurant. So it must
have wheels in the design.

Material The material must The weight proportion means the resistance of the material divided
have a high weight by the mass of the material. The lower the mass of the material,
resistance ratio. the easier and more portable it is to transport. The greater the
resistance, the greater the capacity of the container.

Cost Must be Affordable The demand for the product is defined by the price of the product,
(Rs 1000-2000) the lower the price, the greater the quantity demanded. Affordable
prices would attract more customers, the higher the number of
users, the more organic waste will be treated.

Aesthetics Must be According to secondary research, “85% of shoppers say color is

Aesthetically the primary reason they buy a product. And 66% of people won't
pleasing (using buy a product if it's not available in their preferred color." (Bayston,
Bright Colors) 2020) More than 87.8% of men and 89% of women prefer bright
colors.
Must appropriately
customize on the
basis of other
kitchen appliances.

Image 6: Color Preferences For Males And Females

(Color Preferences For Males And Females, 2017)

Must Be Visually Research states that "the psychological desire to find no waste in
Permeability the kitchen or home, facilitates the visual permeability parameter of
the home composter". Hence the composition process should not
be visible to the user's eye.
Criterion B: Conceptual Designs
Feasible Designs

Idea 1: Isometric View

Left Side View Right Side View

Idea 2: Isometric View Isometric Inside View Of Organic Dustbin

Left Side View Top View

Idea 3: Isometric View Left Side View

 Isometric Inside View Of Organic Dustbin Back View

Conceptual Design Evaluation Out Of 5

Design Specification Design 1 Design 2 Design 3

Aesthetics 4 3 5

Function 5 4 4

Target Audience 3 4 4

Size 3 4 4

Portability/Movability 5 3 5

Cost - - -

Materials - - -

Total 20/25 19/25 22/25

User Feedback The design is aesthetically
pleasing, but its large size
means it covers a larger
area than most users
have available, and while
it successfully pursues its
function by making it
easier to decompose, it
makes it difficult to use.
The design is not as The design is
aesthetically pleasing aesthetically pleasing, it
and less mobile due to is easy to move due to
the high height and lack the installed handles
of wheels. On the other and wheels, and the
hand, the decomposition decomposition process
process is easy, and is simple, therefore easy
due to its small width, it to use by different users.
can fit in small areas.

Decision ✘ ✘ ✔

Justification For The Chosen Design:

When evaluating the 3 feasible designs based on rating on various aspects on a scale from 1 to 5, with 1
being the lowest and 5 being the highest, design 3 seems to be the most feasible among others because:
1. Incorporates Aesthetics in the best possible way.
2. Ensures the decomposition process is simple and less time-consuming.
3. The use of wheels and a ventilation system, the design is odor-free and portable.
4. The size ensures a high capacity that allows both households and restaurants to generate and
decompose waste on a daily basis.
Conceptual Model Of Final Design
Criterion C: Development Of Detailed Design
Selection Of Materials And Components (Final Product)

Material Component Image Justification

Polyethylene Body And Of Properties: High strength, rigidity

Terephthalate Organic And and hardness, low moisture
Inorganic Dustbin, absorption, good creep resistance,
Liquid Nutrient environment friendly (recyclable),
Tray, Foot Press good chemical resistance against
Mechanism, acids and good adhesion and
Compartment Lids, welding ability. ("PET - Polyethylene
Shelves, and Filter Terephthalate")

Cost Of PET Granule- Rs 20-25 per

KG

Stainless Handle Properties: Corrosion resistant, high

Steel tensile strength, very durable,
temperature resistant,
low-maintenance (long lasting),
attractive appearance and
environmentally friendly. ("Stainless
Steel Characteristics: Grades,
Properties & Applications")

Cost Of Stainless Steel In India: Rs

(Stainless Steel, n.d.) 195 per Kg

Rubber Wheels Properties: High tear and tensile

strength, resilience, and resistance
to abrasion, friction, extreme
temperatures, and water swell.
("Properties Of Rubber - Elastomer
Properties | Custom Advanced")

Cost Of Rubber Sheet- Rs.84-153

per Kg
(Rubber Wheel, n.d.)

Selection Of Manufacturing Techniques

To save time and effort, I use an SLA
machine to 3D print a scaled-down prototype
of the final product. Each component is first
printed and then assembled. To connect
each component I will use connectors as
shown above. The material used in 3D
printing is ABS filament (a type of plastic) as
it is not very expensive and has similar
properties to the material the final product is
made of. The only limitation is the size
restrictions, which are 600mm cube and a
minimum thickness of 2mm.
Detailed Design Proposal For Final Product (mm)
Orthographic:Back View

Top View
Side View

Components And Its Measurement

Component Image Dimensions (mm) Quantity

Filter/ Tray To Scoop Height:55 1

Decomposed Waste Width:194
Length:425

Body Of The Dustbin Height:610 1

Width: 350
Length:546.88
Back Compartment Height:134.6 1
Lid Width:195.6
Length:23.91

Liquid Nutrient Tray Height:30 1

Width:194.38
Length:435

Inorganic Dustbin Lid Height:33 1

Width:146.5
Length:507.32

Organic Dustbin Lid Height:39 1

Width:470
Length:207.5
FootPress Height:25.27 1
Width:50
Length:66.46

FootPress Height:32.15 1
Mechanism-Rod Width:40
Length:533

FootPress Height:499 1
Mechanism- Back Width:10
Rod Length:20

Connectors Height:7.99 1
Width:8
Length:27.5

Height:7 2
Width:6.99
Length:48.9

Height:12 2
Width:12
Length:50

Height:11.99 1
Width:12
Length:54

Height:9 1
Width:9
Length:52

Wheels Diameter:149.98 4
Width:30
Wheel Stopper Height:31.46 4
Width:30
Length:31.43

Rod Connecting Height:13.99 2

Wheels Width:500
Length:13.99

Foot-Press Mechanism Assembly

Manufacturing Plan For Prototype

Number Of Days It Took (Gantt Chart)

Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1. Understanding The Design Requirements

2. Developing An Online Conceptual Model

Accordingly

3. Exporting Online Conceptual Model Into

FDM Machine

4. 3D Printing The Components Of The

 Product

5. Polishing The Product With SandPaper

6. Assembling The Components

7. Testing The Product Functionality

3D Printed Scaled Down Model To 30%

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