STATE - A community of persons, more or less numerous,

permanently occupying a definite portion of territory,

independent of external control, and possessing a government
to which a great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience.

PEOPLE - A community of persons sufficient in number and

capable of maintaining the continued existence of the
community and held together by a common bond of law

TERRITORY - fixed portion of the surface of the earth inhabited

by the people of the state.

NATIONAL TERRITORY - The national territory comprises the

Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced
therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has
sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial
and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the
subsoil, the insular shelves, and other submarine areas. The
waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form
part of the internal waters of the Philippines.

UN CONVENTION OF THE LAW OF THE SEA:

a. 12 nm – territorial sea (exercise sovereignty)

b. 24 nm – contiguous zone (customs, fiscal,

immigration, sanitation)

c. 200 nm – exclusive economic zone (right to exploit

living and nonliving resources)
GOVERNMENT - The agency or instrumentality, through which
the will of the State is formulated, expressed and realized

Government as defined under Sec.2 of Revised

Administrative Code: ‘The Government of the Philippine
Islands’ is a term which refers to the corporate
governmental entity through which the functions of
government are exercised throughout the Philippine Islands,
including, save as the contrary appears from the context, the
various arms through which political authority is made effective
in said Islands, whether pertaining to the central Government
or to the provincial or municipal branches or other form of local
government.”

SOVEREIGNTY - The supreme and uncontrollable power

inherent in a State by which that State governed
- supreme, uncontrollable power, the jures sumi imperri, the
absolute right to govern. Sovereignty is the supreme will
of the State, the power to make laws and enforce
them by all the means of coercion it cares to employ

POLICE POWER - power promoting public welfare by

restraining and regulating the use of liberty and
property

POWER OF EMINENT DOMAIN - power of State to

forcibly take private property for public use upon
payment of just compensation

POWER OF TAXATION - power by which State raises revenue

to defray necessary expenses of the Government