Objective:

Range R = Range,
R=H–L H = Highest measure
L = Lowest Measure

The following are the daily attendance of Grade 7 students of PCNHS. Find the range.

Days Number of R=H–L

Students
Monday 450
R = 500 – 300
Tuesday 300 R = 200
Wednesday 350

Thursday 400

Friday 500
Mean Deviation (ungroup data)

-the average of the distances between each value and the mean.

The daily attendance of Grade 7 students are as follows

𝛴 𝑥−𝑢 450,300,350,400, and 500. Find the mean deviation
𝑀𝐷 =
𝑛
Step 1: find the mean 𝛴𝑥
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
𝑥 – 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑛
𝜇 − 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 450 + 300 + 350 + 400 + 500
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
𝑛 – 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 5
2000
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
− 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 5
- regardless of sign
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 400
Mean Deviation (ungroup data)

Step 3: Find the mean of distances 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 400

450 − 400 + 300 − 400 + 350 − 400 + 400 − 400 + 500 − 400
𝑀𝐷 =________________________________________________________________________________
5
𝑀𝐷 =_____________________________
50 + 10+ 20+ 0+ 100
5

180
𝑀𝐷 =
5
So, the mean = 400 and the mean deviation = 36
𝑀𝐷 =36
Standard Deviation (ungroup data)

Standard deviation measures the dispersion of the data. It shows the average
absolute distance of each point from the mean.
Sample : Population :
𝑥 – 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
෌ 𝑥−𝑥ҧ 2 ෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 𝟐
𝑥̅– 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
s= 𝑛−1
𝝈=
𝑵 𝑛 – 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒s

Variance is the square of the standard deviation.

Sample : Population :

σ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 2 ෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 𝟐
𝒔𝟐 = 𝝈𝟐 =
𝑵
𝑛−1
Standard Deviation (ungroup data)

Solve for the standard deviation of 450,300,350,400, and 500.

𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑥) = 330

2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
500
450
400
350
300
n=5
Standard Deviation (ungroup data)

Solve for the standard deviation of 450,300,350,400, and 500.

𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑥) = 400

2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
500 500 – 400 = 100

450 450 – 400 = 50

400 400 – 400 = 0
350 350 – 400 = -50
300 300 – 400 = - 100
n=5
Standard Deviation (ungroup data)

Solve for the standard deviation of 450,300,350,400, and 500.

2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
100 2 = 10,000
500 100
450 50 50 2 = 2, 500
0 2 =
400 0 0
−50 2 = 2,500
350 -50
300 -100 −100 2 10,000
n=5 𝛴=
𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 2 = 22,750
Standard Deviation and variance (ungroup data)
Sample:
𝒙 𝟐
෌ 𝒙−ഥ
s=
𝒏−𝟏

22,750
s=
5−1

22,750
s=
4
s= 5,687.5
s = 75.42 Standard Deviation

𝒔𝟐 = 75.42

𝒔𝟐 = 8.68 Variance
Standard Deviation and variance (ungroup data)
Population: 2
σ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
𝜎 =
𝑁

22,750
𝜎 =
5

𝜎 = 4,550

𝜎 = 67.45 Standard Deviation

𝝈𝟐 = 67.45
𝝈𝟐 = 8.21 Variance
Calculate the variance

Calculate the variance of the data set, 3 6 9 12 15

Step 1: Calculate the mean Step 2: find the difference of each value from the mean

3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + 15
𝑥ҧ = 𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
5
45
𝑥ҧ = 3 3–9=-6
5
6 6–9=-3
𝑥ҧ = 9
9 9–9=0
12 12 – 9 = 3
15 15 – 9 = 6
Calculate the variance

Calculate the variance of the data set, 3 6 9 12 15

Step 3: Square the deviation

2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
2
3 -6 −6 = 36
6 -3 −3 2
=9
9 0 0 2
=0
12 3 3 2
=9
2
15 6 6 = 36
Calculate the variance

Step 3: Square the deviation Step 4: solve for the sum of deviation square
2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ ෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 𝟐
= 36 + 9 + 0 + 3 + 36
3 -6 36 ෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 𝟐
= 84
6 -3 9 Step 5: calculate the variance
9 0 0 𝒙 𝟐
෌ 𝒙−ഥ
12 3 3 s=
𝒏−𝟏
15 6 36 𝟖𝟒
s=
𝟓−𝟏

𝟐 𝟖𝟒
𝒔 = 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟐𝟏 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝟖
𝟒
Calculate the standard deviation

Step 5: calculate the standard deviation

2
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 𝟐
3 -6 36 𝒔𝟐 =
𝒏−𝟏 𝒔𝟐 = s
6 -3 9
𝟖𝟒
9 0 0 𝟐
𝒔 = 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝟖
𝟓−𝟏
12 3 3 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟏𝟒
𝟐 𝟖𝟒
15 6 36 𝒔 = 𝟒
𝟐
෌ 𝒙−ഥ
𝒙 = 97 𝒔𝟐 = 𝟐𝟏
𝒔𝟐 = 𝟒. 𝟓𝟖
Average deviation

𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 ∶

σ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
𝐴𝐷 =
𝑛
Where,

AD =average deviation
𝑥 = 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑚
𝑥ҧ = 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
𝑛 = number of items under observation
Calculate the average deviation

Step 1: Calculate the mean

𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
3 𝑥ҧ =
3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + 15
5
6
45
9 𝑥ҧ =
5
12 𝑥ҧ = 9
15
Calculate the average deviation

Step 2: find the difference of each value from the mean 𝑥ҧ = 9

𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
3 3-9 = -6
6 6 – 9 = -3
9 9–9=0
12 12 – 9 = 3
15 15 – 9 = 6
Calculate the average deviation

Step 3: write the absolute value of a deviation

𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
3 -6 6
6 -3 3
9 0 0
12 3 3
15 6 6
Calculate the average deviation

Step 4: calculate the average deviation σ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ

𝐴𝐷 =
𝑛
𝑥 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ
21
3 -6 6 𝐴𝐷 =
5
6 -3 3
21
9 0 0 𝐴𝐷 =
5
12 3 3
𝐴𝐷 = 4.2
15 6 6
𝑛=5 𝛴 𝑥 − 𝑥ҧ = 21