International Business Management - Chapter 7

Instructor: Dr. Thao Kim Nguyen

Greenfield Investment Establishing a new operation in a foreign country.

Flow of FDI The amount of FDI undertaken over a given time.

Stock of FDI The total accumulated value of foreign-owned assets at a

given time.

Outflows of FDI The flow of FDI out of a country.

Inflows of FDI The flow of FDI into a country.

Gross Fixed Capital The summary of the total amount of capital invested in
Formation factories, stores, office buildings, and the like.

Eclectic Paradigm
The theory that combining location specific assets or resource
endowments and the firm's own unique assets often requires
FDI; it requires the firm to establish production facilities
where those foreign assets or resource endowments are
located.

Exporting Sale of products produced in one country to residents of

another country.

Licensing Occurs when a firm (the licensor) grants a foreign entity (the
licensee) the right to produce its product, use its production
processes, or use its brand name or trademark in return for a
royalty fee on every unit sold.

Internalization Theory The argument that firms prefer FDI over licensing in order to
retain control over know-how, manufacturing, marketing, and
strategy or because some firm capabilities are not amenable
to licensing.

Oligopoly An industry composed of a limited number of large firms.

Multipoint Competition When two or more enterprises encounter each other in

different regional markets, national markets, or industries.

Location-Specific Advantages that arise from utilizing resource endowments or

Advantages assets that are tied to a particular foreign location and that a
firm finds valuable to combine with its own unique assets,
such as technological, marketing, or management capabilities.

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