Statistics and

Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
Illustrating a Probability Distribution
for a Discrete Random Variable and
its Properties
Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Illustrating a Probability Distribution for a Discrete Random
Variable and its Properties
First Edition, 2020

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 Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
Illustrating a Probability Distribution
for a Discrete Random Variable and
its Properties
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Illustrating a Probability Distribution for a Discrete
Random and its Properties!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Illustrating a Probability Distributions for a
Discrete Random Variable and its Properties!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

iii
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real-life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends to the
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed to give you the appropriate ways of illustrating a
probability distribution for a discrete random variable and its properties.
After determining the values of the random variable in your previous lesson,
there is a need to illustrate the probability distribution. This will also help
you analyze real-life situated problems statistically in terms of relevant
questions for you to better understand them.

In this module, you will also learn how to determine if the distribution
represents a probability distribution or not. The application of the properties
of probability distribution will help you arrive at the correct conclusion
regarding probabilities. This module will also help you to improve your
computation skills. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students and the lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course.

After going through this module, you are expected to illustrate a probability
distribution for a discrete random variable and its properties.

1
 What I Know

Let us see how far you will go and how much you know about this pretest.
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. What is the sum of the probabilities of all values of the random

variable?
A. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋))= 0
B. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 1/10
C. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 1
D. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 10

Refer to the given problem in answering numbers 2-3

2. If two balls are drawn in succession without replacement from an urn

containing 5 red balls and 6 blue balls. If the value of the random
variable X represents the number of blue balls, what is the probability
of getting two blue balls?
A. 1/8
B. 1/4
C. 1/3
D. 1/2

3. Which probability distribution represents the given problem?

A. X 0 1 2
P(X) 1/2 1/4 1/4

B. X 0 1 2
P(X) 1/4 1/2 1/4

C. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8

D. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 3/8 1/8 3/8 1/8

2
 4. What must be the value of the probability of each random variable?
A. P(X) ≥ 0
B. -1≤ P(X) ≤ 1
C. 0≤ P(X) ≤ 1
D. P(X) ≤ 1

5. Which of the following values is not the value of the probability of the
random variable?
A. 1.01
B. 0.5
C. 0.15
D. 0.05

6. Which of the following values can serve as the values of a probability

distribution?
A. P(1) = 0.42, P2) = 0.31, P(3)= 0.37
B. P(1) = 9/14, P2) = 4/14, P(3)= 1/14
C. P(1) = 0.08, P2) = 0.12, P(3)= 1.03
D. P(1) = 10/33, P2) = 12/33, P(3)= 10/33

𝑥
7. If P(X)= , what are the possible values of X for it to be considered as
6
a probability distribution?
A.0,2,3
B. 1,1,2
C. 2,3,4
D. 1,2,3

8. Which formula gives the probability distribution as shown by the

table?

X 2 3 6
P(X) 1/2 1/3 1/6

1
A. P(X) = 𝑋
𝑋
B. P(X) = 6
6
C. P(X) = 𝑋
1
D. P(X) = 6

3
 9. The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete
random variable X. Find the value of n.

X 2 4 6
P(X) 0.40 0.15 n

A. 0.15
B. 0.25
C. 0.45
D. 0.6

10. Which of the following table represents probability distribution?

A. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0.11 0.15 0.42 0.44

B. X 1 3 5 7
P(X) 1/3 1/2 1/3 1/3

C. X 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.12

D. X 0 2 4 6
P(X) 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5

11. If the values of the random variable X are 0,1,2 and 3 where X
represents the number of heads in tossing a coin thrice, what is the
probability that three heads will come up?
A. 1/2
B. 3/8
C. 1/4
D. 1/8

𝑋
12. What are the values of P(x) if P(x)= , for x=0,1, and 2?
3
A. 0, 0.33, 0.67
B. 0, 1,2
C. 0, 0.45, 0.55
D. 0.2, 0.3, 0.5

4
13. Which of the following values can serve as the probability distribution
of a random variable X?
1
A.P(X)=6 for x =1,2, 3…..9
3+𝑋
B. P(X)=3−𝑋 for x = 1, 2, 3, 4
1
C.P(X)= for x = 1,2,3……8
8
3
D.PX) =5𝑥 for x = 1,2,3

14. The number of absences from June to March of a student based on

his class adviser’s record is shown below.

Month No. of Month No. of

Absences Absences
June 0 November 2
July 2 December 1
August 1 January 4
September 3 February 1
October 2 March 0

If X be the random variable representing the number of absences.

Which table represents the probability distribution?

A. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 2/10 2/10 3/10 3/10

B. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1/10 3/10 3/10 3/10

C. X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 1/10 1/10 3/10 3/10 1/5

D. X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 1/5 3/10 3/10 1/10 1/10

5
15. The probabilities that a customer buys 5,8,9,12 and 15 items in a
grocery store are 0.06, 0.14, 0.32, 0.28, and 0.20 respectively. Which
probability distribution represents the given problem?

A. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.32

B. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.32 0.28 0.20 0.14 0.06

C. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.20 0.14 0.32 0.28

D. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.14 0.32 0.28 0.20

6
Lesson Illustrating a Probability Distribution

1 for a Discrete Random Variable and

its Properties

In this module, the concept of the probability distribution for a discrete

random variable will be introduced. Some decisions are made by assigning
probabilities to all possible outcomes related to the situation. When we draw
a conclusion from an experiment like tossing a coin, tossing dice, or from
other situations, it requires the use of random variable and probability
distribution. You will also learn how to determine if the given distribution
represents a probability distribution.

What’s In

In your previous lesson, you have learned how to find the possible values of
a random variable. In this module, you will learn how to illustrate a
probability distribution of a discrete random variable. To find out if you are
ready to learn in this new lesson, answer the following questions.

A. Determine whether the statement is True or False. If the answer is

false, you can modify the statement to make it true.
Statement True False
1. There are 4 outcomes if you tossed two coins.
2. If you tossed three coins where X be the random variable
representing the number of tails that occur. The possible
values of the random variable X are 0, 1 and 2
3 1 5
3.The sum of 4
+ 2
= 8
4. The sum of 0.25 + 06 +0.36 +0.28=0.95
𝑋+1 1
5.If P(x)= 6
, the value of P(1) is 2
3 3
6. If P(x)= 𝑥−2
, the value of P(4) is 2
Solution:

1. True.
2. False: The possible values of the random variable X are 0,1,2 and
3.
3 1 5
3. False: 4 + =
2 4
4. True

7
 𝑋+1 1
5. False: If P(x)= , the value of P(1) is
6 3
6. True

B. Recall how to determine the values of the random variable by answering

the given problem.
Find the values of the random variable Y representing the number of green
balls when 2 balls are drawn in succession without replacement from a jar
containing 4 red balls and 5 green balls.

Solution:
a. Determine the sample space. Let R represent the red ball and G
represent the green ball. The sample size for this experiment is: {
RR, RG, GR, GG }.
b. Count the number of green balls in each outcome in the sample
space and assign the number to this outcome.

Value of the Random

Possible Outcome Variable Y
(No. of Green Balls)
RR 0
RG 1
GR 1
GG 2

The values of the random variable Y are ____________.

Notes to the Teacher

The teacher must advise the learners about:

a. getting the number of possible outcomes in the experiment;
b. values of the random variable;
c. addition and subtraction of fractions and decimals; and
d. evaluating functions.

8
 What’s New

Activity
Number of Defective Computers

Read and analyze the situation given below:

In a computer laboratory, the teacher wants to find out if there is a

defective computer. Supposed three computers were tested at random, she
asks one of her Computer System Servicing students to list all the possible
outcomes, such that D represents the defective computer and N represents
the non-defective computer. Let X be the random variable for the number of
defective computers. Then, illustrate the probability distribution of the
random variable X.

Based on the above problem, observe, analyze, and answer the following
questions:

a. List the sample space in the given experiment. How many outcomes
are possible?
b. Construct a table showing the number of defective computers in each
outcome and assign this number to this outcome. What is the value of
the random variable X?
c. Illustrate a probability distribution. What is the probability value P(X)
to each value of the random variable?
d. What is the sum of the probabilities of all values of the random
variable?
e. What do you notice about the probability of each value of the random
variable?

9
 What is It

To solve the problem above, you have to consider first the steps in
determining the values of the random variable that you have learned from
your previous lesson.

a. Let D represent the defective computer and N for the non-defective

computer.

The sample space is:

S= {NND, NDN, DNN, DND, DDN, NDD, DDD, NNN} and there are 8
possible outcomes

b. Count the number of defective computers in each outcome in the

sample space and assign this number to this outcome. For instance,
if you list NND, the number of defective computers is 1.

Value of the Random Variable X

Possible Outcomes
(number of defective computers)
NND 1
NDN 1
DNN 1
DND 2
DDN 2
NDD 2
DDD 3
NNN 0

There are four possible values of the random variable X representing the
number of defective computers. The possible values that X can take are 0, 1,
2, and 3.

c. Each of these numbers corresponds to an event in the sample space

S of equally likely outcomes for this experiment. Since the value of
the random variable X represents the number of defective
computers, X = 0 to (NNN), X = 1 to (NND, NDN, DNN), X=2 to
(DND, DDN, NDD) and X= 3 to (DDD).

10
If each of the outcomes is equally likely to occur, then the probability is:

number of outcomes in the event

P (E)= number of outcomes in the sample space

Assign probability values P(X) to each value of the random variable. Since
the number of outcomes is 8, the probability that 0 defective computer
1 1
will come out is or P (0) = 8, the probability that 1 defective computer
8
3 1
will come out is or P(1)= is , the probability that 2 defective
8 8
3 3
computers will come out is or P(2)= and the probability that 3
8 8
1 3
defective computers will come out is or P(3)= .
8 8

Illustrating this in a table would give as:

Number of Defective Probability P(X)

Computer X
0 1
or 0.125
8
1 3
or 0.375
8
2 3
or 0.375
8
3 1
or 0.125
8

You can also construct the table in this form:

X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8

d. by adding all the probabilities

1 3 3 1 1+3+3+1 8
+ + + = = =1
8 8 8 8 8 8
you can also use decimals in determining the sum of the probabilities
0.125 + 0.375 + 0.375 + 0.125 = 1

If you add all the probabilities, the sum is equal to 1.

e. From the given activity, you can see that the values of the probability range
from 0 to 1.

11
The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is a list of the
possible values of X and the corresponding probabilities of the values. It
specifies the probability associated with each possible value of the random
variable. The distribution functions of discrete random variables are
concentrated as a mass for a particular value, and generally known as
Probability Mass Function.

Properties of discrete probability distribution

1. The probability of each value of the random variable must be

between or equal to 0 and 1. In symbol 0 < P(X) < 1.
2. The sum of all the probabilities of all values of the random
variable must be equal to 1. In symbol, we write it as
𝚺P(X) = 1

Ex.1.Determine if the distribution below is a discrete probability

distribution:

X 1 5 7 8 9
PX) 1 1 1 1 1
3 3 3 3 3

The distribution must satisfy that each probability value P(X) must be

a.) from 0 to 1 and b) the sum of all the values of the probabilities
must be equal to 1.

By adding all the values of P(X)

1 1 1 1 1 𝟓
Σ P(X)= + + + 3+ =
3 3 3 3 𝟑

The probability of each value of the random variable has the same value
1
which is and this value lies between 0 and 1 but the sum of its
3
probabilities is not equal to 1. Hence, this is not a probability distribution
because ΣP(X) ≠ 1

12
Ex. 2. Determine if the distribution below is a discrete probability
distribution

You can also express the values of the probabilities in decimal form.

X 1 3 5 7
P(X) 0.35 0.25 0.28 0.12

By adding all the values of P(X)

Σ P(X)= 0.35 + 0.25 + 0.28 + 0.12 =1
The probability of each value of the random variable lies between 0 and 1
and the sum of its probabilities is equal to 1 or ΣP(X) =1. Therefore, this is
a probability distribution.

Ex. 3. Determine whether the given values can serve as the values of a
probability distribution.

a. P(1) = 0.05, P(2)=1.01, P(3)= 0.2

The probability of each value of the random variable does not lie between 0
and 1 because P(2)=1.01. Therefore, this is not a probability distribution.

3 7 1
b. P(1) =20, P(2)= 20, P(3)= 2

3 7 1 3 7 10 20
+ + = + + = =1
20 20 2 20 20 20 20

The probability of each value of the random variable lies between 0 and 1
and the sum of its probabilities is equal to 1 or ΣP(X) =1. Therefore, this is
a probability distribution.

Ex. 4. Determine whether the following can serve as the probability

distribution of a random variable X.

1
a. P(X)= for x= 1,2,3,…….9
7
1
This means that the value of P(1) to P(9)=
7

13
 Illustrating this in a table would give as:

X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
P(X) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

The probability of each value of the random variable has the same value
1
which is and this value lies between 0 and 1 but the sum of its
7
9
probabilities is which is not equal to 1. Hence, this is not a probability
7
distribution because ΣP(X) ≠ 1

12
b. P(X)= for x= 1,2,3,4
25𝑥

Evaluate P(X), given the value of x :

12 12 12
P(1)= = = = 0.48
25𝑥 25(1) 25
12 12 12
P(2)= = = = 0.24
25𝑥 25(2) 50
12 12 12
P(3)= = = =0.16
25𝑥 25(3) 75
12 12 12
P(4)= = = = 0.12
25𝑥 25(4) 100

Illustrating this in a table would give as:

X 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.48 0.24 0.16 0.12

The probability of each value of the random variable lies between 0 and 1
and the sum of its probabilities is equal to 1 or ΣP(X) =1. Therefore, this is
a probability distribution.

14
 What’s More

Independent Activity 1
A. Determine whether the distribution represents a probability distribution
or not. Explain your answer.

1 X 1 5 7 8
1 1 1 1
P(X) 4 8 4 8

2 X 0 2 3 4 6
1 1 1 1 1
P(X) 6 6 6 3 6

3 X 1 3 5 7
P(X) 0.35 0.25 0.22 0.12

4. P(1)=0.42, P(2)=0.31, P(3)=0.37

𝟏𝟐 𝟖 𝟑
5. P(1)= , P(2)= , P(3)=
𝟑𝟓 𝟑𝟓 𝟕

B. Determine whether the following can serve as the probability distribution

of a random variable X.
1
1. P(X)= for x= 1,2,3,…….7
7
𝑥−2
2. P(X)= for x= 1,2,3,4,5
3

15
Independent Activity II
Number of Girls
Let X be a random variable giving the number of girls in a randomly selected
three-child family. Assuming that boys and girls are equally likely to be
selected, illustrate the probability distribution of a random variable X.

Independent Activity III

Rolling Two Dice

Using the sample space for rolling two dice, illustrates a probability
distribution for the random variable X representing the sum of the numbers
that appear.

Independent Activity IV
Face Mask
Julia is a boutique shop owner in her
town. Due to COVID-19 pandemic,
wearing a face mask of a person is
required for their safety. Since there
are limited stocks available, she
decided to start another business by
making a face mask. She started
selling face masks from day 1 to day
10. The data she collected is shown in
the table below.

Number of Face Mask

Day
(X)
1 25
Illustrate a probability distribution of 2 20
a random variable X showing the 3 15
number of face mask sold per day 4 14
and its corresponding probabilities. 5 15
6 10
7 12
8 10
9 15
10 14

16
 What I Have Learned

Give your answer in the following statements.

1. It is the list of possible values of a random variable X and the

corresponding probabilities of the values. _______________________________.

2. What is the sum of all the probabilities of all values of the random
variable? ______________________________________________________________.

3. What should be the probability of each value of the random variable?

Write your answer in symbol. __________________________________________.

4. How will you determine if the given distribution is a probability

distribution? __________________________________________________________.

5. Enumerate the steps on how to illustrate the probability distribution of a

discrete random variable by completing the statements given below.

Determine first the _____________space in the given experiment. Then,

find the possible values of the _____________________________. Illustrate the
probability distribution by assigning ____________________________ to each
value of the random variable.

17
 What I Can Do

COVID -19 Recoveries

The ongoing pandemic of corona virus disease 2019, a novel infectious

disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome was spread in the
Philippines on January 30, 2020. Thousands of people in the country tested
positive in this virus, and some of them recovered from the disease. The
following table shows the number of recoveries from April 24-May 3, 2020.

Date Number of Recoveries X

April 24 40
April 25 30
April 26 70
April 27 70
April 28 43
April 29 48
April 30 20
May 1 41
May 2 40
May 3 90

a. Illustrate the probability distribution if X is the random variable that

represents the number of recoveries.

b. What safety precautions will you undertake to help avoid the spread of
the COVID-19 pandemic?

18
 Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. What must be the value of the probability of each random variable?

A. P(X) ≥ 0
B. 0≤ P(X) ≤ 1
C. -1≤ P(X) ≤ 1
D. P(X) ≤ 1

2. What is the sum of the probabilities of all values of the random

variable?
A. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋))= 0
B. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 1/10
C. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 1
D. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋)) = 10

Refer to the given problem in answering numbers 3-4

3. If two balls are drawn in succession without replacement from an

urn containing 4 red balls and 5 blue balls. If the value of the
random variable X represents the number of blue balls. What is the
probability of getting two blue balls?
1
A. 2
1
B. 3
1
C.
4
1
D. 8

19
 4. Which probability distribution represents the given problem?

A X 0 1 2
1 1 1
P(X) 2 4 4

B X 0 1 2
1 1 1
P(X) 4 2 4

C X 0 1 2 3
1 3 3 1
P(X) 8 8 8 8

D X 0 1 2 3
3 1 3 1
P(X) 8 8 8 8

5. Which of the following values is not the value of the probability of

the random variable?
A. 1.01
B.1
C.0.50
D. 0.05

6. Which of the following table represents probability distribution?

A. X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0.11 0.15 0.42 0.44

B. X 1 3 5 7
1 1 1 1
P(X)
3 2 3 3

C. X 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.12

D. X 0 2 4 6
1 1 1 1
P(X)
5 5 5 5

20
7. Which of the following values can serve as the values of a probability
distribution?
A. P(1) = 0.42, P2) = 0.31, P(3 )= 0.37
B. P(1) = 9/14, P2) = 4/14, P(3) = 1/14
C. P(1) = 0.08, P2) = 0.12, P(3 )= 1.03
D. P(1) = 10/33, P2) = 12/33, P(3) = 10/33

𝑥
8. If P(X)= , what are the possible values of X for it to be a probability
6
distribution?
A.0,2,3
B. 1,1,2
C. 2,3,4
D. 1,2,3

9. Which formula gives the probability distribution shown by the

table?

X 2 3 6
P(X) 1/2 1/3 1/6

1
A. P(X) = 𝑋
𝑋
B. P(X) = 6
6
C. P(X) = 𝑋
1
D. P(X) = 6

10. The following table shows the probability distribution of a

discrete random variable X. Find the value of n.

X 2 4 6
P(X) 0.4 0.25 n

A. 0.15
B. 0.25
C. 0.28
D. 0.35

21
11. The probabilities that a customer buys 5,8,9,12 and 15 items in a
grocery store are 0.06, 0.14, 0.32, 0.28, and 0.20 respectively.
Which probability distribution represents the given problem?

A. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.14 0.2 0.28 0.32

B. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.32 0.28 0.2 0.14 0.06

C. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.14 0.32 0.28 0.20

D. X 5 8 9 12 15
P(X) 0.06 0.14 0.2 0.28 0.32

12. What are the possible values of each random variable X if it

represents the number of heads in tossing a coin thrice?
A. X = {0,1,2,3}
B. X = {0, 1,2}
C. X = {1, 2, 3}
D. X = {1,2,}
𝑋
13. What are the values of P(x) if P(x)= , for x=0,1, and 2
3
A.0,1,2
B.0,0.33, 0.67
C. 0,0.45, 0.55
D. 0.2, 0.3, 0.5

14. Which of the following can serve as the probability distribution of a

random variable X?
1
A. P(X) = for x =1,2, 3…...8
8
3+𝑋
B. P(X) = for x = 1, 2, 3, 4
3−𝑋
1
C. P(X) = for x = 1,2,3……9
6
3
D. P(X) = for x = 1,2,3
5𝑥

22
15. The number of absences from June to March of a student based on
his class adviser’s record is shown below. If X be the random variable
representing the number of absences.

Month No. of Absences Month No. of Absences

June 0 November 2
July 2 December 1
August 1 January 4
September 3 February 1
October 2 March 4

Which table represents the probability distribution?

A. X 0 1 2 3
2 2 3 3
P(X) 10 10 10 10

B. X 0 1 2 3
1 3 3 3
P(X) 10 10 10 10

C. X 0 1 2 3 4
1 3 3 1 1
P(X) 10 10 10 10 5

D. X 0 1 2 3 4
1 3 3 1 1
P(X) 5 10 10 10 10

23
 Additional Activities

1. Tossing Four Coins

Suppose that a coin is to be tossed four times, and let X represent the
number of tails that occur. Illustrate a probability distribution for a random
variable X.

2.Spin and Add

A spinner has 3 equal sections that are labeled 3 1

1,2, and 3. If the spinner spins twice, find the sum
of the two numbers it lands on. Let X be the
random variable that represents the sum of the 2
two numbers.

a. List all sample spaces and identify how many they are.
b. Let X be the random variable that represents the sum of two numbers.
What are the possible values of X?
c. Illustrate a probability distribution for a random variable X.

24
 25
What I Know What's More Assessment
1. C Activity 1 1. B
2. B 2. C
3. B A. 1. Not 3. C
4. C 2. Probability 4. B
5. A Distribution 5. A
6. B 3.Not 6. C
7. D 4.Not 7. B
8. A 8. D
5.Probability
9. C 9. A
Distribution 10.D
10. C
B. 1. Probability 11.C
11. D 12.A
12. A Distributrion
13.B
13. C 2. Not
14.A
14. D Activity 2 15.C
15. D X P(x)
0 1/8
1 3/8
2 3/8
3 1/8
Activity 3
X P(x)
2 1/36
3 1/18
4 1/12
5 1/9
6 5/36
7 1/6
8 5/36
9 1/9
10 1/12
11 1/18
12 1/36
Activity 4
X P(x)
10 1/5
12 1/10
14 1/5
15 3/10
20 1/10
25 1/10
Answer Key
 26
What I Can Do What I Have
Learned
X P(X)
20 1 1. Probability
10 Distribution
30 1 2. 1
10 3. 0 ≤ P(X) ≤ 1
40 1 4. ∑ 𝑃(𝑋) =1 and
5 0 ≤ P(X) ≤ 1
41 1
5. Sample
10 Random variable
43 1
Probability
10
48 1 values or P(X)
10
70 1
5
90 1
10
 27
Additional Activities
1.
Value of the Random Variable X
Possible Outcomes
(No. of Tails)
HHHH 0
HHHT 1
HHTH 1
HTHH 1
THHH 1
HHTT 2
HTHT 2
HTTH 2
THHT 2
THTH 2
TTHH 2
HTTT 3
THTT 3
TTHT 3
TTTH 3
TTTT 4
Probability Distribution
Value of Random Variable X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 1/16 4/16 6/16 4/16 1/16
2.
a. Sample Space
{(1,2),(2,1),
(1,3),(3,1),
(2.3),(3,2),
(1,1),(2,2),
(3,3)}
b. 1+1=2
1+2=3
2+1=3
2+2=4
1+3=4
3+1=4
2+3=5
3+2=5
3+3=6
The values of the random variable are 2,3,5 and 6
c.
Sum X 2 3 4 5 6
P(X) 1 2 3 2 1
9 9 9 9 9
References

Belecina, Rene R., Baccay, Elisa S. and Mateo, Efren B. “Statistics and
Probability”. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc. (RBSI).2016. pages 9-18
Malate, Jose S. “Statistics and Probability for Senior High School.” Vicarish
Publications and Trading, Inc, 2017. pages 5-9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-
19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines

28
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